Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one peptide consisting of a minimum of 8 and a maximum of 50 amino acid residues comprising amino acid residues 1 to 8 of a rhinovirus capsid protein selected from the group consisting of VP1, VP2, VP3 and VP4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oncolytic Picornaviruses and methods and compositions for treating subjects having hematologic cancers. These include methods and compositions for treatment of myeloma, using disclosed Picornavirus such as Coxsackievirus, in methods of direct or indirect administration to subjects and ex vivo purging of malignant cells within auto grafts prior to transplantation.

Abstract: A method of prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of a mammal for a disease that is caused by a Ljungan virus infection, such as Myocarditis, Cardiomyopathia, Guillain Barre Syndrome, and Diabetes Mellitus, Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Myasthenia Gravis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Dermatomyositis, Polymyositis, Spontaneous Abortion, Intrauterine Death, Preeclampsia, Sudden infant Death Syndrome, Bell's (facial) paralysis, Addison's disease, and Pernicious anemia, is described. An antiviral compound effective against a Ljungan virus, such as a compound effective against a picornavirus, e.g. Pleconaril or a derivative thereof, is used for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disease in a mammal that is caused by a Ljungan virus infection, to eliminate or inhibit proliferation of the virus in the mammal and at the same time prevent and/or treat the disease in the mammal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coxsackie vaccine or a vaccine based on coxsackie B viruses for the prevention of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which occurs in particular in children in the age from the second birthday to the fifth birthday.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to immunizing agents and devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to peptide vaccines. More specifically, the present invention relates to vaccines against rhinoviruses and other related and non-related pathogenic animal viruses. In addition, the present invention relates generally to methods of designing and producing vaccines against viruses and, in certain embodiments, against rhinoviruses and other pathogenic viruses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antigenic and vaccine compositions comprising Norovirus antigens and adjuvants, in particular, mixtures of monovalent VLPs and mixtures of multivalent VLPs, and to a process for the production of both monovalent and multivalent VLPs, the VLPs comprising capsid proteins from one or more Norovirus genogroups.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: A double-effective vaccine vector against foot-and-mouth disease virus having a bicistronic expression vector sequence, the bicistronic expression vector sequence is an antisense gene sequence capable of conjugating with 5? UTR of RNA of the foot-and-mouth disease virus genome and an intact sequence of VP1 structural protein gene of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. Animal experiments show that the vaccine vector provides double effects in terms of gene therapy and gene immunization for the prevention and treatment of foot-and-mouth disease in animals. Also provided are construction methods and methods of use of the vaccine vector.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response to an antigen are disclosed. In certain aspects, these methods concern eliciting an immune response in a subject by administering to the mucosa of the subject a composition comprising a virus-like particle (“VLP”) and Murabutide.

Abstract: Solid and semi-solid formulations are used for supralingual administration of vaccines to animals. The formulations, which comprise antigens dispersed in a solid or semi-solid matrix, or paste, are delivered via supralingual applicators. The supralingual applicators are designed so as to position the antigen-containing matrix directly on the dorsal surface of the tongue during vaccine delivery. Upon exposure to saliva and to suckling and/or licking action of the tongue, the matrix dissolves and releases antigens to the tongue. In some embodiments, the antigens are viruses, for example, attenuated viruses that are capable of infecting cells of the tongue, e.g. canine parvoviruses which infect basal tongue cells. The supralingual applicators are especially useful for the delivery of vaccines to newborn animals.

Abstract: Presented herein is the discovery of a new human picornavirus, Cosavirus (previously termed Dekavirus), methods of detecting the Cosavirus and diagnosing Cosavirus infection, methods of treating or preventing Cosavirus infection, and methods for identifying anti-Cosavirus compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vaccine against a viral infection. The exemplary vaccine comprises a viral antigen of a vaccine strain of a virus; wherein the viral antigen is derived from a virus preparation of the vaccine strain of the virus; wherein the virus preparation of the vaccine strain of the virus contains a subpopulation of infectious viral particles, and the subpopulation of infectious viral particles is represented as a proportion over the total viral particles or total viral antigens of the virus preparation; and wherein the proportion of the subpopulation of infectious viral particles over the total viral particles or total viral antigens of the virus preparation is over a predefined threshold; so that the vaccine provides at least partial inter-subtypic or intra-subtypic cross immune response against different strains of the virus than the vaccine strain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antigenic and vaccine compositions comprising Norovirus antigens and adjuvants, in particular, mixtures of monovalent VLPs and mixtures of multivalent VLPs, and to a process for the production of both monovalent and multivalent VLPs, the VLPs comprising capsid proteins from one or more Norovirus genogroups.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for keeping an immunogenic composition available for administration to an animal, wherein said composition comprises an antigen and an emulsion which is a single emulsion at a first temperature below a body temperature of the animal and which emulsion reverses at a second temperature between the first temperature and the body temperature, said method comprising providing the composition, freezing the composition, and storing the frozen composition until it is needed for administration to the animal. The invention also pertains to a method for testing an immunogenic composition, and an immunogenic composition, optionally in combination with specific instructions for storing the composition.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for keeping a foot-and-mouth disease vaccine available for emergency vaccination of animals against foot-and-mouth disease, the vaccine comprising a foot-and-mouth disease antigen formulated in a water-in-oil emulsion, the method comprising the steps of providing the formulated vaccine, freezing the vaccine, and storing the frozen vaccine until it is needed for emergency vaccination.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing a purified EV71 virus antigen. Also disclosed are related immunogenic compositions and immunization methods.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: An isolated selected Picornavirus capable of lytically infecting or killing a cell substantially in the absence of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Ljungan virus with improved replication characteristic and the use of this Ljungan virus, amongst other thing, in the production of a vaccine.

Abstract: An immunopotentiating composition comprising a papaya mosaic virus (PapMV), or a virus-like particle (VLP) derived from PapMV coat protein, which is capable of functioning as an adjuvant and thus potentiating an immune response in an animal is provided. The immunopotentiating composition can further comprise an immunogen, which can be fused or otherwise linked to the VLP, or not linked to the VLP. The immunopotentiating composition is capable of potentiating a humoral and/or a cellular response in the animal and is suitable for use as an adjuvant or vaccine. Methods of potentiating an immune response in an animal comprising administering to the animal an immunopotentiating composition are also provided have application in both human and veterinary medicine.

Abstract: Some coxsackie B viruses have been found to have a protective effect on type 1 diabetes, while others increase the risk of the disease. This opens up new therapeutic implications in the form of vaccines. The protective viruses CBV3, CBV4, CBV5 and CBV6 may be used in live attenuated vaccines for preventing or treating type 1 diabetes. They may also be used for inducing an immune response against risk viruses like CBV1, and for eliminating the diabetogenic effect of the risk viruses. Type 1 diabetes may be prevented especially by vaccinating with live attenuated protective viruses CBV3, CBV4, CVB5 and CBV6, and further with inactivated diabetogenic/risk virus CBV1, components thereof or antibodies thereto.

Abstract: New enteroviruses associated with type 1 diabetes have been found, which opens up new therapeutic and diagnostic implications. A vaccine against at least one enterovirus selected from coxsackie A virus CAV4, CAV5, CAVE and echovirus 18 is provided for use in preventing or treating type 1 diabetes. A diagnostic assay for predicting the risk of contracting type 1 diabetes based on the determination of said enteroviruses is also provided.

Abstract: Coxsackie B virus CBV1 has been found to be strongly associated with the risk of contracting type 1 diabetes. A vaccine comprising CBV1, a component thereof or an antibody thereto is provided for use in preventing or treating type 1 diabetes. In addition CBV2 was also found to be diabetogenic.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for the stimulation of immune responses. Specifically, the present invention provides nanoemulsion compositions harboring one or more immunogens within the oil phase of the nanoemulsion and methods of using the same for the induction of immune responses (e.g., innate and/or adaptive immune responses (e.g., for generation of host immunity against an environmental pathogen)). Compositions and methods of the invention find use in, among other things, clinical (e.g., therapeutic and preventative medicine (e.g., vaccination)) and research applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel, isolated and purified hemorrhagic feline calicivirus FCV-DD1. The invention further embraces monovalent and multivalent vaccines containing the new FCV-DD1 strain. In addition, the invention encompasses methods of protecting felines against infection or preventing disease caused by feline calicivirus alone or in addition to other pathogens that comprises administering to the felines an immunologically effective amount of the monovalent and multivalent vaccines described herein. Also, the invention concerns methods for diagnosing or detecting the hemorrhagic feline calicivirus in a susceptible host, asymptomatic carrier and the like by detecting the presence of feline calicivirus FCV-DD1 or antibodies raised or produced against feline calicivirus FCV-DDI antigen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new group of Ljungan viruses, proteins expressed by the viruses, antibodies to the viruses and proteins, vaccines against the viruses, diagnostic kits for detecting the viruses, uses of the viruses, proteins, antibodies and vaccines in therapy, uses of the viruses, proteins, antibodies and vaccines in treating diseases caused by the viruses and methods of treatment for treating diseases caused by the viruses.

Abstract: Disclosed are dosage forms and related methods, that include a first population of synthetic nanocarriers that have one or more first antigens coupled to them, one or more second antigens that are not coupled to the synthetic nanocarriers, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Abstract: The invention relates to vaccine compositions comprising chitosan and a vaccine which are administered to avian species via the ocular route, and methods or programs of vaccination including use of chitosan in order to increase or enhance cell-mediated immunity in avian species and persistence of the vaccine avian tissues.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polynucleotide adjuvant (PICKCa) composition and methods of use in eliciting an immune response, in particular a mucosal immune response. The polynucleotide adjuvant comprises of a polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (PIC), at least one antibiotic and at least one positive ion. The present invention also provides an immunogenic composition comprising the polynucleotide adjuvant composition together with other immunogenic compositions such as an antigen (e.g., as in a vaccine) selected from viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic and/or cancer antigens. The present invention further contemplates methods of use of such adjuvant compositions, particularly in eliciting an immune response, in particular a mucosal immune response to an antigenic compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptides having a composite amino acid sequence derived from a consensus sequence representing the capsid proteins of two or more circulating strains of a non-enveloped virus. In particular, the invention provides virus-like particles comprising at least one composite polypeptide. Such virus-like particles have antigenic epitopes of two or more circulating strains of a non-enveloped virus and produce an increase in antisera cross-reactivity to one or more circulating strains of the non-enveloped virus. Methods of making composite virus-like particles and vaccine formulations comprising composite virus-like particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vaccine compositions comprising Norovirus antigens and adjuvants, in particular, mixtures of monovalent VLPs and mixtures of multivalent VLPs, and to methods of conferring protective immunity to Norovirus infections in a human subject.

Abstract: Improved (safer and more effective) methods of therapy using TNF-R agonists, e.g., CD40 agonists are provided. These methods provide for the addition of an amount of a type 1 interferon and/or a TLR agonist that is effective to prevent or reduce the toxicity (liver toxicity) that may otherwise result in some patients of the TNF-R agonist is used as a monotherapy (without the type 1 interferon and/r TLR agonist).

Abstract: Previously we have identified a conserved domain (SAP, for SAF-A/B, Acinus, and PIAS) in the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) leader (L) protein coding region that is required for proper sub-cellular localization and function. Mutation of isoleucine 55 and leucine 58 to alanine (I55A, L58A) within the SAP domain resulted in a viable virus that displayed a mild attenuated phenotype in cell culture, along with altered sub-cellular distribution of L and failure to induce degradation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-B. Here we report that inoculation of swine and cattle with this mutant virus results in the absence of clinical disease, the induction of a significant FMDV-specific neutralizing antibody response, and protection against subsequent homologous virus challenge. Remarkably, swine vaccinated with SAP mutant virus are protected against wild type virus challenge as early as two days post-vaccination suggesting that a strong innate as well as adaptive immunity is elicited.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound which competitively inhibits the binding of a norovirus with a native blood antigen of a human host, as well as a kit for determining whether an individual has been infected by a norovirus. Also provided is a method for determining the susceptibility of an individual to infection by a particular, known strain of norovirus. The invention is based on the determination that noroviruses recognize human blood antigens such as human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as a receptor in seven specific binding patterns. The invention allows one to predict that a particular strain of norovirus can infect humans who have a particular human histo-blood type, as well as blood antigens that can bind the particular strain of infecting norovirus. The invention also allows one to predict that a particular strain of norovirus will bind with one or more particular histo-blood group antigens, but will not bind with other blood group antigens.

Abstract: An immunogenic composition or vaccine, and method of treatment are provided by the present invention. The immunogenic composition is useful for treating, preventing, and lessening the severity of clinical symptoms associated with disease-causing organisms in swine, utilizing one or more Porcine Teschovirus antigen(s) along with an antigen of the other disease-causing organism in swine and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: This invention provides a dry powder composition for poultry vaccination via inhalation comprising an effective amount of a poultry vaccine agent, and a supporting amount of carriers for said poultry vaccine agent, said carriers comprising a combination of a reducing or non-reducing sugar and a biocompatible polymer, said dry powder composition being in the form of particles having an average particle size from 2 to 30 ?m and a particle size polydispersity from 1.1 to 4.0. This invention also relates to a method for producing said dry powder compositions and a system for vaccination of poultry by inhalation.

Abstract: The invention provides immunogenic formulations comprising virus-like particles (VLPs) from two or more genoclusters and/or strains of norovirus in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In representative embodiments, the formulation also comprises an adjuvant, for example, a viral adjuvant or CpG. The invention also provides methods of inducing an immune response to one or more noroviruses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vaccine for immunizing a cat against feline viruses. The present invention also relates to a nucleic acid clone that encodes the capsid protein of the isolated feline calicivirus. The present invention further relates to a live or killed vaccine comprising the isolated feline calicivirus, a subunit vaccine comprising the capsid protein of the isolated feline calicivirus, a nucleic acid vaccine comprising a nucleic acid clone of the isolated feline calicivirus, and a recombinant virus vector vaccine comprising nucleic acid encoding the capsid protein of the isolated feline calicivirus. The present invention also relates to a method for identifying a feline calicivirus useful for producing a vaccine composition and for assays for diagnosing cats infected with feline calicivirus. Also disclosed is a method of immunizing animals, especially cats, against disease, in particular against feline calicivirus (FCV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synthetic plant-optimized nucleic acid molecule having a Norwalk virus capsid protein coding nucleotide sequence, and nucleic acid constructs, host cells, expression systems, and plants having the plant-optimized Norwalk virus nucleic acid molecule. The present invention also relates to a method of producing Norwalk virus capsid protein virus-like particles in a transgenic plant or transgenic plant seed transformed with a plant-optimized nucleic acid molecule encoding Norwalk virus capsid protein. The plant or a component thereof can be administered to a subject under conditions effective to immunize the subject against disease resulting from infection by a Norovirus, including Norwalk virus. An oral vaccine for immunization of a subject against Norwalk virus infection is also disclosed.

Abstract: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) viruses which are able to grow on BHK-21 cells in suspension are described herein. The new viruses are recombinant chimeric viruses formed by replacing the outer capsid coding region of a first FMDV strain, which has previously been shown to be an effective vaccine strain, with the outer capsid coding region of a second FMDV strain. The outer capsid coding region of the second FMDV strain is also modified to introduce a heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG) binding site. The chimeric viruses are then used as seed viruses in the production of inactivated vaccine antigens which have been tailored for specific outbreak situations or locality. The invention also relates to the product of expression of the chimeric FMD viruses and to uses therefor, such as to form antigenic, immunological or vaccine compositions for prevention of FMD.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods and immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions for providing an immune response to feline calicivirus, including hypervirulent strains of feline calicivirus.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions that elicit immune responses against Norovirus and Sapovirus antigens are described. In particular, the invention relates to polynucleotides encoding one or more capsid proteins or other immunogenic viral polypeptides from one or more strains of Norovirus and/or Sapovirus, coexpression of such immunogenic viral polypeptides with adjuvants, and methods of using the polynucleotides in applications including immunization and production of immunogenic viral polypeptides and viral-like particles (VLPs). Methods for producing Norovirus- or Sapovirus-derived multiple epitope fusion antigens or polyproteins and immunogenic compositions comprising one or more immunogenic polypeptides, polynucleotides, VLPs, and/or adjuvants are also described.

Abstract: Previously, we showed that type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-?/?]) can inhibit foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) replication in cell culture, and swine inoculated with 109 PFU of human adenovirus type 5 expressing porcine IFN-? (Ad5-pIFN-?) were protected when challenged 1 day later. In this study, we found that type II pIFN (pIFN-?) also has antiviral activity against FMDV in cell culture and that, in combination with pIFN-?, it has a synergistic antiviral effect. We also observed that while each IFN alone induced a number of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), the combination resulted in a synergistic induction of some ISGs. To extend these studies to susceptible animals, we inoculated groups of swine with a control Ad5, 108 PFU of Ad5-pIFN-?, low- or high-dose Ad5-pIFN-?, or a combination of Ad5-pIFN-? and low- or high-dose Ad5-pIFN-? and challenged all groups with FMDV 1 day later.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vaccine compositions comprising Norovirus antigens and adjuvants, in particular, mixtures of monovalent VLPs and mixtures of multivalent VLPs, and to methods of conferring protective immunity to Norovirus infections in a human subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to chimeric tymovirus-like particles (TVLPs) comprising a fusion protein that further comprises of a first protein that is a truncated tymovirus coat protein and a second protein. These chimeric TVLPs are useful as antigens. The present disclosure provides a highly efficient means for differentiating Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) infected animals from vaccinated animals. The present disclosure further provides a process for the production of chimeric TVLPs and a diagnostic kit for the determination of specific antibodies of FMDV to differentiate FMDV infected from vaccinated animals. The present disclosure also provides the use of the chimeric TVLPs for diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: A composition comprising at least one antigenic medium and at least one adjuvant, wherein the at least one antigenic medium and the at least one adjuvant each comprise one or more phases which are distinct from each other when the composition is in a solid state, and the composition is in the liquid state when its temperature is greater than or equal to 4° C.