Abstract: A transdermal liposome system delivers antigen to immune cells without perforation of the skin, and induces an immune response in an animal or human. The system uses liposomes to deliver a variety of antigens which can elicit an antigen-specific immune response (e.g., humoral and/or cellular effectors) after topical application of a formulation containing liposomes and antigen to intact skin of the animal or human.

Abstract: Cationic amphiphiles are provided that are alkyl or alkoxyalkyl O-phosphate esters of diacylphosphatidyl zwitterionic compounds such as phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The amphiphiles can be used as carriers for delivering macromolecules intracellularly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to piperazine based amphilic cationic lipids useful for gene therapy, transfection, and introducing immunogenic compounds for the purpose of vaccination. The disclosed compounds have lipophilic moieties linked to the ring nitrogens. In addition, at least one of the ring nitrogens is quatranized and linked to a hydrocarbon having at least one heteroatom.

Abstract: A protein-lipid vesicle that can be used to make an autogenous vaccine comprises patient-specific antigen, adjuvant or immunomodulator, and lipid carrier. In addition, a negatively charged lipid component is desirably included. The autogenous vaccine is useful to treat individuals with chronic diseases, including chronic infectious diseases and neoplasias. The chronic infectious diseases that can be treated include disease caused by infection with human immunodeficiency viruses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of polyethylene glycol modified ceramide lipids. The lipids can be used to form liposomes optionally containing various biological agents or drugs, such as anti-cancer agents. In addition, methods of use for the liposomes are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vaccine comprising an antigenic substance and a mixture of two adjuvants wherein one adjuvant is oil-based whereas the other adjuvant is water-based.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liposome comprising an effective immunoadjuvant amount of a lymphokine such as IL-2. Also provided is an effective antineoplastic amount of IL-2 liposomes in combination with adoptively transferred cells stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody plus IL-2.

Abstract: The production of artificial viral envelopes by a novel double-detergent dialysis technique is disclosed. Specifically exemplified is the production of HIV-1 and RSV viral envelopes. The resulting artificial viral envelopes are essentially identical to the natural virus with regard to characteristics which are relevant to immunogenicity and intracellular transfer of encapsulated material.

Abstract: Polymerized liposomes, methods of preparing the polymerized liposomes and incorporating biologically active substances within the polymerized liposomes, and methods of administering polymerized liposomes containing a biologically active substance to be delivered to a patient are disclosed. The polymerized liposomes are prepared by polymerizing double bond-containing liposomes. The polymerization can be initiated with a source of radiation and/or a free radical initiator. Biologically active substances can be incorporated into both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers of the liposomes, either during or after polymerization. The polymerized liposomes can be administered orally to a patient in need of the biologically active substance to be delivered. Examples demonstrate enhanced stability.

Abstract: Vaccines and therapeutic compositions and methods for their production and use against Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) are provided employing recombinant HSV glycoproteins B and D.The following E. coli HB101 strains were deposited at the A.T.C.C., where the plasmid indicates the plasmid employed to transform the strain; pHS203; pHS112; pHS114; pHS127A and pHS206 were deposited on Apr. 4, 1984, and assigned Accession Nos. 39649-39653, respectively; pYHS109 and pYHS118 were deposited on Jul. 11, 1984, and given Accession Nos. 39762 and 39763, respectively.

Abstract: A vaccine for the immunocontraception of mammals is described. The vaccine consists of zona pellucida antigens and an adjuvant encapsulated in a liposome delivery system. The liposome delivery system allows for the slow release of antigen resulting in a prolonged immune response. In particular, after a single injection of the vaccine, levels of anti-zona pellucida antibodies were detected for up to 22 months in seals. Thus, the vaccine according to the present invention is effective after a single dose and is therefore very useful in immunocontraceptive protocols.

Abstract: A vaccine composition, comprising an antigenic substance in association with a liposome and an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a muramyl peptide, a metabolizable oil, and optionally an additional emulsifying agent. The two components of the adjuvant (i.e., the liposome/antigen component and the emulsion component) act together to produce high levels of immune response.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liposome comprising an effective immunoadjuvant amount of a lymphokine such as IL-2. Also provided is an effective antineoplastic amount of IL-2 liposomes in combination with adoptively transferred cells stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody plus IL-2.

Abstract: A method of treating a subject having a disorder characterized by a neoplasm of B-lymphocyte or T-lymphocyte lineage cells is described. The method includes administering a suspension of liposomes having a surface coating of polyethylene glycol chains. Attached to the distal ends of the chains are antibodies or antibody fragments effective to bind to an antigen specific to the affected cells. In one embodiment, anti-CD19 antibodies are attached to the liposome-bound chains, for treatment of multiple myeloma.

Abstract: A process for stimulating hematopoietic activity in animals which comprises administering to a patient in need therefor a therapeutically effective amount of an agent containing as its active ingredient a water-soluble or lipid-soluble transition metal compound in a lyotropic mesophase, the agent optionally containing one or more additional carriers for stimulating hematopoietic activity.

Abstract: A method of administering an anti-tumor compound to a subject is disclosed. The method includes administering to a subject liposomes having sizes predominantly in the range 0.05 to 0.12 microns, and containing an anti-tumor compound in liposome-entrapped form, a surface coating of polyethylene glycol chains, at a surface concentration thereof sufficient to extend the blood circulation time of the liposomes severalfold over that of liposomes in the absence of such coating, and surface-attached antibody molecules effective to bind specifically to tumor-associated antigens present at the tumor site. One liposome composition includes doxorubicin in entrapped form, and, on the liposome surface, a monoclonal antibody against highly proliferating cells in a lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liposome comprising an effective immunoadjuvant amount of a lymphokine such as IL-2. Also provided is an effective antineoplastic amount of IL-2 liposomes in combination with adoptively transferred cells stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody plus IL-2.

Abstract: Solid, water-insoluble lipospheres including a solid hydrophobic core, having a layer of a phospholipid embedded on the surface of the core, that contain an antigen are disclosed for use in immunizing an animal. The antigen (or "immunogen"), alone or in combination with a carrier, can form the core, be attached to or within the phospholipid, or both. Lipospheres containing antigens are prepared by two general procedures, either melt preparation or solvent preparation. The resulting lipospheres have several advantages over other delivery systems, including emulsions, vesicles and liposomes, including stability, low cost of reagents, ease of manufacture, high dispersibility in an aqueous medium, a release rate for the entrapped substance that is controlled by the phospholipid coating and the carrier.