Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Ulocladium oudemansii as a biological control agent. Processes and compositions for the biological control of Botrytis species using Ulocladium oudemansii are also provided.

Abstract: The entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and certain related species, such as P. javanicus are useful for controlling infestations by subterranean termites, particularly those belonging to the family Rhinotermitidae. The family Rhinotermitidae includes two species of subterranean termites having extremely high economic importance in the United States; namely the Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki), and the native (North American) subterranean termite (Reticulitermes flavipes). Large numbers of infectious propagules of the fungus, such as blastospores and conidia can be readily cultured on media that are easily and inexpensively prepared and incorporated into formulations for controlling termites. These fungi are useful for protecting living trees, plants, wood, wood structures, and other cellulosic materials susceptible to termite infestation and damage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel isolated and purified fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis. The present invention also provides a pesticidal composition of an effective amount of an isolated and purified fungal strain of Hirsutella rhossiliensis or Hirsutella minnesotensis that is capable of controlling nematode infestation and a carrier. Further, the present invention provides methods of controlling nematode infestation.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for generating modulators capable of binding to antigens presented by a cell that has been exposed to cellular conditioning. The present invention also includes methods and compositions for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of disorders using the antigen modulators. The present invention further provides methods for identifying novel molecular targets for the treatment of different disorders.

Abstract: The ability of two Aspergillus flavus Link isolates (CT3 and K49) to reduce aflatoxin contamination of corn was assessed in a four-year field study (2001 to 2004). Soil was treated with six wheat inoculant treatments: toxigenic isolate F3W4; the non-toxigenic isolate K49; the non-aflatoxigenic isolate CT3, two mixtures of CT3 or K49 with F3W4; and an autoclaved wheat control, applied at 20 kg/ha. In 2001, inoculation with the toxigenic isolate increased corn grain aflatoxin levels by 167% compared to the non-inoculated control, while CT3 and K49 inoculation reduced aflatoxin levels in corn grain by 86% & 60%, respectively. In 2002, inoculation of CT3 and K49 reduced aflatoxin levels by 61% and 76% compared to non-inoculated controls, respectively. In 2001 mixtures of toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates had little effect on aflatoxin levels, but in 2002 inoculation with mixtures of K49 and CT3 reduced aflatoxin levels 68 and 37% compared to non-inoculated controls, respectively.

Abstract: A Coccidioides spp. fungus that is attenuated by the loss of endosporulation potential of the fungus wherein said fungus does not replicate when transformed into the parasitic phase.

Abstract: An additive for controlling the growth of spores of a fungi growth which is adapted to be added to an aqueous system comprising a salt of formic acid. The salt of formic acid is a metal salt or an organic salt. Additive comprises a salt of formic acid and a different second salt of formic acid.

Abstract: The disclosed device relates to an animal nutritional supplement and more particularly to a method of using an animal nutritional supplement to reduce the incidence and effects of one or more chronic or acute conditions associated with nutritional deficiencies, gastrointestinal sand accumulation, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, bacterial colitis, gastrointestinal pH irregularities, colonic ulcers, colonic motility deficiencies, colic, gastrointestinal fermentation deficiencies, pathological changes of certain organs in equine, and possibly even physical aging. One embodiment of the animal nutritional supplement comprises psyllium in combination with a blend of synbiotics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of a novel endophytic fungus, Muscodor vitigenus, from the liana, Paullinia paullinioides. This fungus produces naphthalene under certain cultural conditions that has chromatographic and mass spectral properties that are identical to authentic naphthalene. In a preferred embodiment, the naphthalene in the gas phase of M. vitigenus is useful in the repellency of unwanted insect pests. The unique biological activity of the novel endophyte suggests a wide range of potential practical applications, particularly in the area of insect repellents, insecticides, antimicrobials, anthelmintics and vermicides.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism which has a high ability of producing docosahexaenoic acid. The present invention provides a Thraustochytrium strain which has an ability of producing docosahexaenoic acid, and use thereof.

Abstract: A ringworm vaccine is disclosed comprising antigen isolated from at least one dermatophyte and a suitable carrier. The “antigen” can include a single antigen from a dermatophyte or a plurality of antigens as long as at least one antigen is included which will produce a sufficient immune response to confer resistance to ringworm infection upon the recipient of the vaccine. The antigen can also be isolated from more than one dermatophyte. If a preparation from more than one dermatophyte is made the antigen can include antigens which are common to all species of dermatophytes employed and/or antigens which are only specific to certain species. A method of producing such a ringworm vaccine is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of excysting and growing protozoal oocysts by in vitro tissue culture resulting in production of a continuous culture of merozoites. The invention also provides an economical and reliable supply of cultured Eimeria sp. for vaccine production, assays and research. Domesticated avians that have been vaccinated using the provied Eimeria sp. are also provided.

Abstract: A biopesticidal composition for controlling insects (e.g., pecan weevils, the diaprepes root weevil, fall armyworm, fire ants), containing an agriculturally acceptable carrier and an effective insect (e.g., pecan weevils, the diaprepes root weevil, fall armyworm, fire ants) biopesticidal amount of a fungus selected from the group consisting of Beauveria bassiana having the identifying characteristics of Beauveria bassiana NRRL 30593, Metarhizium anisopliae having the identifying characteristics of Metarhizium anisopliae NRRL 30594, Beauveria bassiana having the identifying characteristics of Beauveria bassiana NRRL 30601, Beauveria bassiana having the identifying characteristics of Beauveria bassiana NRRL 30600, or mixtures thereof. Also, a method for controlling insects (e.g., pecan weevils, the diaprepes root weevil, fall armyworm, fire ants), involving applying an effective insect biopesticidal amount of the composition to the insects or to the plants, areas or substrates infested with the insects.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for using red rice fermentation products for the treatment or prevention of osteoporosis and abnormal bone mass conditions. Particular Monascus strains yield fermentation products with the desired biological activities.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions of endophytic fungi that confer stress tolerance in inoculated plants, including both monocots and dicots. In particular, Curvularia species, isolated from a host grass Dichanthelium languinosum growing in the geothermal zones of Lassen Volcanic and Yellowstone National Parks, confers such stress tolerance. Upon inoculating a target plant or plant part with endophytic fungi, the resulting plant shows stress tolerance, particularly drought and thermal tolerance.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes the pre-sporulation (preconidial) mycelial stage of entomopathogenic fungi as insect attractants and/or pathogens. The fungus can be cultivated on grain, wood, agricultural wastes or other cellulosic material, attracting the insect and optionally introducing insect-specific pathogenic fungi. More than one fungus and substrate can be used in combination. The matrix of preconidial fungi can optionally be dried, freeze-dried, cooled and/or pelletized and packaged and reactivated for use as an effective insect attractant and/or biopesticide. Attractant extracts of the preconidial entomopathogenic mycelium are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the establishment of a cultivation condition that is suitable for the large-scale production of pharmacologically active filtrates from a culture of A. camphorata, in particular, by optimizing the agitation rate and/or pH value during the cultivation. The present invention also relates to a process for obtaining pharmacologically active compositions from a culture of A. camphorata through a series of fractionation. This invention is further directed to the uses of the above compositions in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions useful for elucidating the onset or progress of diseases such as Huntington's disease, that are associated with the formation of fibrils or protein aggregates. Further, the present invention relates to methods for monitoring formation of fibrils or protein aggregates as well as to methods for identifying inhibitors of fibril or protein aggregate formation. Additionally, the invention relates to inhibitors of the formation of fibrils or protein aggregates identified by the method of the invention as well as to pharmaceutical compositions that include the inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isolated Clavaria pulchra fungus from basidiocarps. The Clavaria pulchra fungus can be propagated to ericaceous plants for growth stimulation. The present invention is also directed to a method for isolating Clavarioid fungi.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to biological control of plant disease. The invention discloses an antagonistic Trichoderma fungal strain that targets soil-born fungi from the genus Fusaria and the genus Rhizoctonia.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for inducing or increasing disease resistance in a plant. The invention also features methods of using a plant having a mutation in an inducible isochorismate synthase to determine if the success of a pathogen in infecting a plant is affected by a plant disease resistance pathway involving isochorismate synthase.

Abstract: Agricultural biomass hydrolysate is detoxified by culturing in the presence of the fungus Coniochaeta ligniaria (teleomorph) or its Lecythophora (anamorph) state. This organism is capable of significantly depleting the toxicant levels of furans, particularly furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. A new strain of the fungus has been isolated and deposited in the Agricultural Research Culture Collection (NRRL) in Peoria, Ill., as Accession No. NRRL 30616. The detoxified agricultural biomass hydrolysate is useful as a substrate for industrial fermentation processes, especially in saccharification treatments for bioethanol production.

Abstract: The present invention provides an external preparation for skin which contains, as a major ingredient, oleaginous substances extracted from sporoderm-broken spores from Ganoderma lucidum. The spores are preferably being treated with germination activation. The oleaginous substances are preferred to be extracted by a supercritical fluid-carbon dioxide (SCF-CO2) method. The oleaginous substances prepared by SCF-CO2 is transparent and odorless. They also demonstrates effects on skin smoothening, wrinkles reduction, aging defiance, inflammation lessening, pigmentation lightening, and irritation alleviation. The external preparation can be a cosmetic or a therapeutic composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Paecilomyces tenuipes T1 FERM BP-7861, insecticidal compositions, methods and uses. The insecticidal compositions comprise an insecticidally effective amount of Paecilomyces tenuipes T1 FERM BP-7861. The methods comprise applying Paecilomyces tenuipes T1 FERM BP-7861 to at least one location selected from a pest, a habitat of the pest and a plant. The uses are uses of Paecilomyces tenuipes T1 FERM BP-7861 for controlling a pest.

Abstract: A method for degrading and/or bioremediating waste wood containing chromated copper arsenate (CCA) using a fungal inoculum is disclosed. The fungal inoculum comprises of at least one CCA-tolerant fungi, a lignocellulosic substrate and a nutrient supplement. The fungal inoculum is applied to the waste wood and maintained in an aerated and hydrated environment having temperature conditions sufficient to allow the inoculum to grow and metabolize the CCA. The inoculum and the waste wood are combined until an end product that is at least partially remediated or of a reduced volume.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel Phellinus linteus Yoo. This mushroom is identified as novel as analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and by microbiological features. A polysaccharide substance isolated from the fruiting bodies or mycelia the strain and other Phellinus spp. has an anticancer activity by inciting the cytotoxicity of T-cells and the antibody forming potency of B-cells. Also, the polysaccharide substance shows a potent activity against cancer metastasis. The polysaccharide substance, which can stimulate the immunity of the body, may be effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of immune-related diseases, such as cancers and AIDS, and in the study on the basic mechanism of the diseases.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a naturally occurring fungus, Valdensinia heterodoxa, and to its culture, formulation and delivery systems, as well as its use as a biocontrol agent for salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh.).

Abstract: This invention provides a novel endophytic fungus, Muscodor, that produces a mixture of volatile antibiotics with activity on specific plant pathogens, bacteria, nemotodes and insects. Also provided is a method for treating or protecting plants, soil and seeds from microbial infections comprising applying an effective amount of a volatile antibiotic producing Muscodor sp. The invention also relates to fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal and nematicidal compositions comprising this novel Muscodor strain and the antibiotics and metabolites produced by this strain either alone, or in combination with other chemical and biological pesticides. Also provided is a method for identifying and isolating related gas producing fungi.

Abstract: Screening procedures are disclosed for identifying compounds useful for inhibiting fungal infection or pathogenicity. Methods are also disclosed for identifying fungal pathogenic virulence factors.

Abstract: The composition includes fingi belonging to one or more species of fungi of the genus Trichoderma, selected from T. asperellum, T. atroviride, T. inhamatum and their mixtures, useful as an agent for the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The composition is suitable for protecting or treating plants and plant material against infections and diseases caused by plant pathogens, and/or to stimulate plant growth, and/or to induce systemic resistance in plants to diseases caused by phytopathogenic organisms, and/or to control biodeterioration agents of materials.

Abstract: Disease in plants caused by infection with cercosporin producing strains of Cercospora may be controlled by application of laccase. When applied to the locus of the plant, or parts or seed thereof, the cercosporin toxin produced by this pathogen is degraded by the enzyme, thereby preventing or minimizing damage to the plant. The laccase may be applied alone, or in combination with one or more laccase-producing microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides antigen vaccines and methods of use thereof for the treatment of Pythium insidiosum infections, as well as prophylaxis against these infections, in humans and mammals. Further, the present invention provides a method for preparing the preferred vaccine for the treatment which contains the intracellular and extracellular antigens of Pythium insidiosum. The present invention further provides a mammal model for evaluating Pythium insidiosum vaccines and a method for monitoring the Th1 and Th2 response of a mammal in response to Pythium insidiosum vaccines.

Abstract: A mushroom fungus belonging to the order of Agaricales, is cultured with good efficiency by using a liquid culture medium in such a way as to prepare the mycelia separated from the culture medium such that the culturing liquid can be served for food use. A liquid culture medium containing 3 to 16 g/liter of sucrose and 1 to 6 g/liter of maltose as a carbon source and 0.3 to 1.2 g/liter of yeast extract as a nitrogen source is inoculated with Agaricus mycelia and culturing is conducted by blowing into the culture medium sterilized air of 20 to 90% of the oxygen concentration.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for a cancer comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an active ingredient, wherein the therapeutic agent is used referring to an ability of acting on NK cell antigen receptor NKR-P1 of NKT cell as an index of the ability to activate the NKT cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plants that are stably infected with an endophyte fungus. The purpose in providing to plants unique fungal endophytes is to import desired traits. These traits include insect resistance and drought tolerance and improved persistence to the plants. The plants specifically grass without inoculation with the endophyte would not evidence these traits as strongly. Endophyte inoculated grass can be used as turfgrass or foraging material depending on the grass type selected. In the present invention an endophyte that has a native host of meadow fescue was discovered. This endophyte did not provide animal toxicity's. This endophyte was transferred to a non-native host, Lolium perenne L. The transfer of Neotyphodium siegelii to Lolium perenne L. as a host was unique. The endophyte when in the non-native host evidenced stable inheritance and lacked the herbivore toxic effect.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes extracts of the pre-sporulation (preconidial) mycelial stage of entomopathogenic fungi as insect attractants and/or pathogens. The fungus can be cultivated on grain, wood, agricultural wastes or other cellulosic material. More than one fungus and substrate can be used in combination.

Abstract: Fungal/bacterial atagonist combinations, a seed coated with one of the combinations and a plant protected from plant pathogens by one of the combinations. The invention is also a fungal/bacterial antagonist combination and its use for controlling plant pathogens as a biocontrol agent, bio-pesticide or bio-fungicide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for colonizing a plant with a mycorrhizal fungus that comprise placing at least one layer of a culture medium that comprises a fungal inoculum adjacently to at least one layer of a soil. The fungal inoculum is allowed to grow through the soil layer and the plant is inserted into the culture medium and soil layers to permit its contact with the fungus.

Abstract: A symbiotic fungus is a filamentous fungus of a biologically pure culture. The filamentous fungus belongs to genus Neotyphodium and a final metabolic product thereof is a chanoclavine. Plant with the filamentous fungus introduced therein has resistance to pest and do not show toxicity to livestock.

Abstract: There is provided a plant disease resistance-inducing composition comprising a filamentous fungus-derived glycosphingolipid. There is also provided a method for controlling a plant disease, comprising the step of treating a target plant with a composition comprising a filamentous fungus-derived glycosphingolipid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of a novel endophytic fungus, Muscodor vitigenus, from the liana, Paullinia paullinioides. This fungus produces naphthalene under certain cultural conditions that has chromatographic and mass spectral properties that are identical to authentic naphthalene. In a preferred embodiment, the naphthalene in the gas phase of M. vitigenus is useful in the repellency of unwanted insect pests. The unique biological activity of the novel endophyte suggests a wide range of potential practical applications, particularly in the area of insect repellents, insecticides, antimicrobials, anthelmintics and vermicides.

Abstract: The composition comprises fungi belonging to one or more species of fungi of the genus Trichoderma, selected from T. asperellum, T. atroviride, T. inhamatum and their mixtures, useful as an agent for the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The composition is suitable for protecting or treating plants and plant material against infections and diseases caused by plant pathogens, and/or to stimulate plant growth, and/or to induce systemic resistance in plants to diseases caused by phytopathogenic organisms, and/or to control biodeterioration agents of materials. Of application in Agriculture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel isolated and purified fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis. The present invention also provides a pesticidal composition of an effective amount of an isolated and purified fungal strain of Hirsutella rhossiliensis or Hirsutella minnesotensis that is capable of controlling nematode infestation and a carrier. Further, the present invention provides methods of controlling nematode infestation.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes the non-sporulating mycelial stage of insect-specific parasitic fungi. The fungus can be present on grain, attracting the pest, and also infecting it through digestion. More than one fungus can be used in combination. The matrix of fungi can be dried or freeze-dried, packaged and reactivated for use as an effective bioinsecticide.

Abstract: Low concentrations of gossypol and related phyllophage toxins from cotton improve the effectiveness of insecticidal agents against social insects, including cockroaches, and particularly termites and ants. Levels of gossypol and other cotton phyllophage toxins which are sufficiently low as to be non-biocidal to social insects alone, will significantly increase the control efficacy of other insecticidal agents. Consequently, use of these low levels of these cotton phyllophage toxins allows the levels of insecticidal agents necessary for effectively controlling the insects to be significantly reduced relative to applications without cotton phyllophage toxins. Furthermore, insecticidal agents which are normally ineffective for control of social insects when used alone, may be effective when used in conjunction with the cotton phyllophage toxins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bactericidal, bacteriostatic and fungicidal composition, in powder, based on the coexistence, cohabitation and mutual repulsion of two or more live species of Trichoderma and its preparation procedure. The composition allows fungicidal and bacterial action on the majority of fitopathogens of agricultural importance at the foliar, radicular, vascular and/or in the fruit level. Also this composition is soluble in any type of water, and can be used for curative and/or preventive treatment in seeds, plants, ornamental and/or fruit trees, fruits, and earth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for isolating a new microbial strain, belonging to Trichoderma spp., which is antagonistic to pathogenic bacteria of plant and naming the said strain as Trichoderma harzianum YC459(KCTC 0772BP), and for manufacturing a microbial pesticide for controlling properly plant diseases by using the above strain. This invention is greatly effective on controlling gray mold rot, damping-off, leaf mold and early blight as treating leaf of main crops or soil with the spore suspension of the said strain.

Abstract: This invention provides pesticidally effective compositions related to a novel endophytic fungi named Muscodor. Specifically, the invention relates to commercially useful formulations of Muscodor and methods for preparing such formulations. It also provides various synthetic pesticidal mixtures of volatile organic compounds isolatable from Muscodor grown on various substrates. Also provided are methods for inhibiting the growth of organisms, such as microbes, insects, and nematodes by exposing such organisms or the habitats thereof to the above Muscodor-related compositions.

Abstract: Human choline acetyltransferase polypeptide and DNA (RNA) encoding such polypeptide and a procedure for producing such polypeptide by recombinant techniques is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for utilizing such polypeptide for the treatment of cognitive and neurological deficiencies or mental disturbances such as degenerative nervous system disorders, for example, Alzheimer's Disease, ALS and other cholinergic defects, and antagonists for treating Parkinson's Disease and other disorders relating to an over-expression of acetylcholine. Also disclosed are diagnostic methods for detecting a mutation in the human Choline Acetyltransferase nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns novel biopesticides and their use to control cockroaches, carpenter ants, and pharaoh ants. Specifically, highly virulent isolates of Beauveria bassiana in an agricultural composition, can be used to effectively control these pests. Exemplified are Beauveria bassiana No. 447, ATCC 20872, and Beauveria bassiana Sp111, ATCC 74038. Also described are unique formulations which are highly effective for delivering biocontrol agents to target pests. By using these novel compositions, target pests can be controlled without the environmental and public safety hazards presented by chemical control agents.