Abstract: System and methods for providing nitric oxide can include at least one pair of electrodes configured to generate a product gas containing nitric oxide from a flow of a reactant gas, and at least one controller configured to regulate an amount of nitric oxide in the product gas generated by the at least one pair of electrodes using one or more parameters as an input to the controller. One or more sensors are configured to collect information relating to at least one of patient information, the reactant gas, the product gas, and an inspiratory gas into which at least a portion of the product gas flows, the sensors configured to communicate the information to the controller to be used as the one or more parameters. The patient information includes information relating to a methemoglobin (MetHg) measurement collected from a MetHg sensor.

Abstract: A method of determining the proportion of cyanide in a sample, comprising the following steps: (i) Add the sample to be analysed to a sensor molecule that is selected from cobryrinic acid hepta C1-4 alkyl esters of the Formula I in which X is CN, R3 is H, and R1 and R2 are OCH3; (ii) Subject the sample to UV-vis spectroscopic analysis in the range 450-700 nm; (iii) Determine the free cyanide concentration from the equation (i) C=(A?0.058)/0.104??(i) in which C is the free cyanide concentration and A is A=A581/A527 the ratio of the absorbances at 581 and 527 nm, the equation (i) having been derived from a calibration curve that is a plot of A ratios calculated at 0-1 mg/L CN? with a constant 46 nmol of sensor compound. The method provides a particularly accurate assessment of cyanide concentration in an unknown sample.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for increasing red blood cell and/or hemoglobin levels in a subject in need thereof. Subjects in need include, for example, subjects having anemia and/or ineffective erythropoiesis as a result of having reduced GATA-1, heat shock factor and/or NFE2 levels as compared to the levels in a reference population.

Abstract: A method for isolation, enrichment and co-culture of foetal polymix involving two or more components of mesenchymal stem cells derived from, but not limited to, placenta, amnion, amniotic fluid, chorion and umbilical cord and/or other products of conception under hypoxic or otherwise and/or normoxic/general conditions for treatment of a plurality of disorders ranging from congenital to degenerative to developmental to malignant disorders and diseases prior to therapeutic administration.

Abstract: Resistance of randomly dispersed and oxygen-starved lung tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy constitutes the vast majority recurrences and death from lung cancer. We use sickle cells derived from humans with sickle cell anemia to target oxygen-deprived tumor cells that persist and multiply after conventional treatment. Transfused sickle cells selectively occluded tumor microvessels and shut down blood flow to these oxygen-deprived pockets leading to tumor cell death and complete shrinkage of aggressive lung tumors. Combining the sickle cells with a vascular disrupting agents and radiation injure and narrow tumor blood vessels, amplified the scale of sickle cell-induced blood vessel closure and tumor cell killing. The strength of the tumor killing produced by this combination exceeded that of either agent alone or combined with conventional anti-angiogenics, chemotherapy or radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates treatments of a toxin in a subject. The toxin at least partially effects its toxicity in the subject via binding to a target cell of the subject. The present invention provides for methods, combinations and pharmaceutical compositions for decreasing or neutralizing the effect of a toxin in a subject, using, inter alia, an effective amount of a nanoparticle comprising an inner core comprising a non-cellular material, and an outer surface comprising a cellular membrane derived from a source cell. Exemplary toxins include acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as organophosphate poisoning.

Abstract: Among other things, a diluted sample is generated based on mixing a small sample of blood with a one or more diluents. A thin film of the diluted sample is formed on the surface of a contact optical microscopy sensor. Red blood cells within a portion of the thin film of the diluted sample are illuminated using light of a predetermined wavelength. One or more images of the diluted sample are acquired based on illuminating the red blood cells within the portion of the thin film of the diluted sample. The acquired one or more images of the diluted sample are then processed. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin in the red blood cells within the portion of the thin film of the diluted sample is determined based on processing the acquired images of the diluted sample.

Abstract: Blood is treated externally to a human or animal body, the blood having been extracted from a first human or animal body for delivery to a second human or animal body. The temperature and/or composition of the blood are controlled.

Abstract: Provide herein are 1:1 adducts of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and a compound of formula (I), as defined herein, suitable as modulators of HbS, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediated by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from tissue and/or cellular oxygenation.

Abstract: The disclosed molecules are inhibitors of Bcr-Abl and Src kinases. The molecules are cytotoxic to Gleevec resistant cells. Inhibitors of Bcr-Abl and Src kinases are used in the treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia among other diseases.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for washing a selected component and removing the selected component from a wash material. The selected component may include red blood cells that are washed to remove a rejuvenating solution. The red blood cells may then be removed with various systems, such as a standing acoustic wave system from the wash solution. Pumps and flow restrictors that provide steady flow from pumps that generate pulsed flow are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for preventing the adverse effects of transfusing a patient with blood or blood products compromised by storage lesion. The methods include administering to a patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The safety and effectiveness of transfusing blood with storage lesion can be increased using the methods of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the therapeutic treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). It concerns in particular a novel composition for the treatment of this cancer and an associated therapeutic treatment method. The invention concerns a suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating asparaginase as a medicament for treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The invention also concerns a method for treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) comprising administering an efficient amount of a suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating asparaginase.

Abstract: Method of in vitro measurement of the presence of factors that are able to neutralize asparaginase activity in a sample of blood, plasma, serum or derived medium that may contain asparaginase neutralizing factors, obtained from a patient, comprising mixing of said sample with asparaginase, incubation of said mixture, then measurement of the residual asparaginase activity in the mixture and determination or quantification of the presence of said neutralizing factors. Method for predicting the efficacy of a treatment with asparaginase.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, devices and kits for increasing mechanical stiffness of an incompetent or a dilated biological tissue in a subject are provided herein. The methods described herein involve placing (e.g., injecting) a silk fibroin-based composition into at least a portion of an incompetent or dilated tissue of a subject. In some embodiments, the silk fibroin-based composition can further comprise at least two PEG components that will crosslink together upon placement (e.g., injection) into a subject in need thereof. In specific embodiments, the methods, compositions, devices and kits can be used to increase mechanical stiffness of a cervical tissue in a subject, for example, for treatment of cervical insufficiency.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture provide for resuspending and/or collecting blood or other types of cells from used surgical sponges and/or other types of surgical articles.

Abstract: A method of improving the efficacy of a blood transfusion into a subject is provided comprising administering a composition comprising an EAF PEGylated-blood protein into the subject, prior to, during, or subsequent to the blood transfusion.

Abstract: A cell implant matrix has a connective porosity of more than 80% and consists mainly of a mixture of bioresorbable polymers, wherein the matrix has disk-shape and wherein a surface layer on one side of the disk has less than 20% of the average pore density of the other sides. The matrix is manufactured by providing a bioresorbable polymer layer; stratifying, onto the polymer layer, a mixture of a water-soluble solid, at least two polymers differing with respect to their resorption rates, and a solvent for one of the polymers; evaporating the solvent optionally followed by compacting the mixture; and watering the compacted body to remove the salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method performed ex vivo for removal of tumor cells from intraoperatively collected blood salvage, to antibodies and scaffold proteins which mimic antibodies for use in said ex vivo method, to the use of said ex vivo method for removal of tumor cells from intraoperatively collected blood salvage followed by reintroducing the so obtained purified blood salvage or of concentrates of erythrocytes purified by said method to a patient from whom said intra-operatively collected blood was obtained, as well as to blood salvage or a concentrate of erythrocytes, both obtainable by said method for reinfusion to said patient.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides biomaterials and methods for preventing and minimizing progression of cartilage and/or connective tissue damage. Also provided herein are biomaterials and methods for alleviating and/or reducing the risk for developing arthritis (e.g., osteoarthritis) associated with joint injury and/or joint surgery.

Abstract: A suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a bisphosphonate is provided along with a method for its use for the prevention and treatment of bone metastases and other bone marrow diseases. The suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a bisphosphonate may also be provided in which the erythrocytes have undergone a chemical treatment with an agent such as BS3 so as to promote targeting of the bone marrow. The method for the prevention and treatment of bone metastases may be accomplished by administering to a patient in need thereof of a suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a second-generation or a third-generation bisphosphonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treatment of pulmonary disorders associated with hypoxemia and/or smooth muscle constriction and/or inflammation; treatment of cardiac and blood disorders; treatment of patient in need of improved oxygenation, blood flow of and/or thinning of blood and method of screening drugs that increase level of nitrosoglutathione in airway lining fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides biomarkers for sensitive, specific, accurate and quantitative diagnosis and assessment of chronic hypoxia. In particular, the present invention provides 2-hydroxyglutarate as a biomarker that is differentially produced in chronic hypoxia. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention are able to differentiate between chronic and acute hypoxia. Assays for levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate may be used alone or in conjunction with additional biomarkers of hypoxia to increase the precision of analysis. In particular embodiments of the invention, the level of 2-hydroxyglutarate and at least one second biomarker may be assayed to generate a hypoxic profile that can be compared to a reference or control profile, thereby diagnosing a subject as normoxic, chronically hypoxic, or acutely hypoxic.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, compositions, and medical kits comprising a nitrite-reductase promoter, such as an allosteric modulator of hemoglobin, for use in treating medical disorders and preservation of blood products. In one aspect, the invention provides methods, compositions, and medical kits comprising an inorganic nitrite salt and a nitrite-reductase promoter, such as an allosteric modulator of hemoglobin, for use in treating medical disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, ischemic conditions, hemolytic conditions, and bacterial infections. Exemplary inorganic nitrite salts include sodium nitrite and arginine nitrite. Exemplary allosteric modulators of hemoglobin described herein include alkyl-substituted and acyl-substituted di-nitroheterocycles.

Abstract: A composition of a female germinal cell (egg) extract of pluricellular organisms in M-phase of the cell cycle, the extract being used for a mitotic remodeling of chromosomes of donor cells of pluricellular organisms, wherein the mitotic remodeling confers to the nucleus of the donor cells the ability to adapt themselves to the early embryonic development, in particular to the replication phases, in order to carry out the embryonic development or to obtain stem cells.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating red blood cells are disclosed. The methods include contacting a red blood cell sample ex vivo with an amount of nitric oxide or a nitric oxide-releasing compound sufficient to convert at least a portion of the extracellular ferrous hemoglobin present in the red blood cell sample to ferric hemoglobin. Red blood cells administered to a mammal following the ex vivo treatment have reduced adverse effects on the mammal to which they are administered.

Abstract: This invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for the allosteric modulation of hemoglobin (S) and methods for their use in treating disorders mediated by hemoglobin (S) and disorders that would benefit from tissue and/or cellular oxygenation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the production of red blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells, by differentiating such cells in the presence of a protein that induces cell survival and proliferation.

Abstract: Compositions and processes for the effective and efficient regeneration of spinal discs are provided. These compositions contain stem cells, donor cells, and platelet plasma compositions. By using these compositions, there is an increased likelihood of acceptance and proper cell differentiation.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) in a patient, comprising administering to the patient autologous erythrocytes that contain thymidine phosphorylase and are free of animal proteins other than proteins derived from the patient. The erythrocytes generally contain a low amount of endotoxin.

Abstract: Methods and a system for transfusing blood to a mammalian subject. The method includes obtaining a volume of donated red blood cells (RBCs), adding an enhancement composition to the RBCs to form a treated blood composition, incubating the treated blood composition to form an incubated blood composition, and administering the incubated blood composition to a patient. The system includes a functionally-closed, sterile Y-type tube set.

Abstract: Methods for transfusing blood to a mammalian subject. The method includes obtaining a unit of blood, rejuvenating the blood with an enhancement composition, measuring 2,3-DPG concentration of the blood, and delivering the blood to a subject.

Abstract: Inhibitors of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL and compositions containing the same are disclosed. Methods of using the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitors in the treatment of diseases and conditions wherein inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL provides a benefit, like cancers, also are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises compounds, compositions thereof, and methods capable of delivering modified inositol hexaphospahte (IHP) comprising an internal pyrophosphate ring to the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compounds, compositions thereof, and methods that enhance the ability of mammalian red blood cells to deliver oxygen, by delivering IHP to the cytoplasm of the red blood cells.

Abstract: Red blood cells can be used as effective drug delivery systems when they contain proteins that do not readily diffuse out and which form affinity complexes with the desired drug.

Abstract: A method of introducing healthy good human cells to eat up bad damaged cells, comprising administering an effective amount of a healthy good protein containing transferrin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, apolipoprotein A and human albumin. The method further comprises administering an effective amount of a protein containing ApoA1/2/4, or administering an effective amount of a protein containing Factor II, Factor VII, Factor IX and Factor X in prothrombin complex concentrate. The method can further comprise administering an effective amount of fibrinogen, Factor VIII, high concentrate fibrinogen, thrombin. hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG), anti-thrombin III (AT-III), protein C, fibronectin, protein S and protein M.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for forming a multipurpose membrane in vivo. One step of the method includes obtaining a blood component. Next, a vacuum assembly is operated to remove substantially all of the liquid from the blood component and thereby form a concentrated, substantially dehydrated blood component. The substantially dehydrated blood component is then formed into a non-coagulated injectable composition and administered to a wound of a subject.

Abstract: A flowable biomedical implant for application to a bone defect to promote bone growth is provided. The flowable biomedical implant comprises a carrier matrix including a biodegradable polysaccharide and ceramic material. An impermeable membrane can be integrally formed at the surface of the carrier matrix by applying a crosslinking agent to the biodegradable polysaccharide mixed with ceramic materials.

Abstract: Red blood cell products and compositions are disclosed. The product includes a container made from PVC or a non-PVC material that is substantially free of a phthalate plasticizer but otherwise includes one or more non-phthalate plasticizers or extractable agents. The product includes a RBC concentrate which has been combined with an additive solution for storing the RBCs.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a pharmaceutical preparation for use as an antibacterial agent, where the pharmaceutical preparation is prepared by a method comprising the steps of bringing a full blood sample taken from a patient in contact with a vessel or container and incubating the sample.

Abstract: Red blood cell products are disclosed. The product includes a container made from a non-PVC, substantially plasticizer-free material. The product includes a RBC concentrate and a hypotonic solution for storing the RBCs.

Abstract: The present invention describes blood cells chemically coupled with immunodominant myelin peptides and their use in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods of making a megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP), comprising differentiating a stem cell into a MEP in culture in the presence of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. In some embodiments the stem cell is a pluripotent stem cell. In some embodiments the MEP co-expresses CD41 and CD235. In some embodiments the number of MEPs produced in the culture increases exponentially. Methods of making a red blood cell (RBC) by culturing a MEP in the presence of an AhR agonist are also provided. Methods of making a megakaryocyte and/or a platelet, comprising culturing a MEP in the presence of an AhR modulator are also provided. In some embodiments the AhR modulator is an AhR antagonist. This disclosure also provides compositions comprising at least 1 million MEPs per ml and compositions in which at least 50% of the cells are MEPs.

Abstract: A suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a bisphosphonate is provided along with a method for its use for the prevention and treatment of bone metastases and other bone marrow diseases. The suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a bisphosphonate may also be provided in which the erythrocytes have undergone a chemical treatment with an agent such as BS3 so as to promote targeting of the bone marrow. The method for the prevention and treatment of bone metastases may be accomplished by administering to a patient in need thereof of a suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating a second-generation or a third-generation bisphosphonate.

Abstract: A method including positioning a delivery device at a location in a blood vessel; advancing the delivery device a distance into a wall of the blood vessel to a treatment site beyond an external elastic lamina of the blood vessel; and after advancing the delivery device, introducing a treatment agent including a cellular component through the delivery device. A composition including a treatment agent comprising a cellular component associated with a matrix material, wherein the composition is suitable for percutaneous delivery. Also an apparatus suitable for delivering a treatment agent. Also, a kit including a treatment agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating one or more complications of premature birth suffered by premature infants, comprising administering to the premature infant umbilical cord blood stem cells and, optionally, placental stem cells. The present invention also provides methods of combining and administering, and compositions comprising, umbilical cord blood stem cells, particularly autologous cord blood cells, and placental stem cells for the treatment of premature infants.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for increasing red blood cell and/or hemoglobin levels in vertebrates, including rodents and primates, and particularly in humans.

Abstract: Methods are provided for increasing stem cells, hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells, mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells, mesodermal progenitor/stem cells, muscle progenitor/stem cells, or neural progenitor/stem cells in vivo in a mammalian subject. Methods are also provided for treating an immune related disease, a mesenchymal/mesoderm degenerative disease, or a neurodegenerative disease in a mammalian subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of isolating erythroid progenitor cells from a source of human hematopoietic cells and methods of culturing the isolated erythroid progenitor cells in vitro to produce clinically relevant quantities of erythrocytes.

Abstract: The technology relates in part to methods of preventing and treating diseases and conditions associated with cancer, including methods, compositions, and kits used for preventing and treating cancer dissemination and growth.