Abstract: A preheater and method of preheating a thermoplastic sheet prior to entry of the sheet into a differential pressure forming machine which forms an article in the sheet. The preheater includes mechanism for initially threading a sheet in a generally horizontal plane, mechanism for concurrently displacing upstream and downstream portions of the sheet in vertically opposite directions relative to the horizontal plane to dispose a portion of the sheet in an upstanding plane. A heater is provided for heating the upstanding portion of the sheet in the upstanding plane. After the sheet has been repositioned with a portion in the upstanding plane, the heater is laterally moved from an inoperative position to a sheet heating position receiving the portion of the sheet at the sheet heating station. Mechanism is provided for selectively moving the sheet downstream after the sheet has been vertically displaced.

Abstract: A molding apparatus for a patterned shaped article includes a retainer having a plurality of retaining portions for retaining particles, a supply tank for charging particles into the retainer, a remover for removing the particles from some of the retaining portions of the retainer, and another supply tank for charging particles of a different kind into the retaining portions from which the particles were removed. The apparatus produces a patterned shaped article by conducting at least one cycle of operation in which particles are charged into the retainer, the charged particles are removed from some of the retaining portions of the retainer and particles of a different kind are charged into the retaining portions from which the particles were removed, and the particles retained are released by the retainer to form a course of prescribed thickness on a base surface.

Abstract: In the method, after the pattern-bearing film is fed to the female mold, the distal end of the film is fixed under a lower portion of the female mold, and at the same time the film is retreated by a force from the film supply portion. Thus, this tightens up the film so that the slacks or wrinkles cannot be formed on the film. Therefore, the film can be fortunately spread around the parting surface of the female mold. In the apparatus, the film suppressing frame is pressed to the female mold through the sliding rod arranged in the female mold, in such a manner that the female mold embraces the frame. Thus, the pressing of the frame is performed by a simple structure, and the film is accurately positioned to the internal surface of the female mold. Also, the film suppressing frame is constituted to advance from and retreat to the female mold. Thus, this causes a space between the both molds and an outside standby position to be useless. A space around the apparatus can be effectively utilized.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous vacuum forming a material having a flexible patterned belt continuously rotatable with a flat support belt over a vacuum manifold. The flexible patterned belt includes apertures therein and the support belt includes perforations therein for drawing air therethrough. The material is drawn onto the flexible patterned belt for vacuum forming the material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming thick wall plastic components laminated with formable decorative film layers. A thermoformable thick wall plastic sheet in the range of 0.065 to about 0.300 inches thick over at least half its area is provided having a thermoformable decorative dry film coating on one side forming an outer surface of the laminated sheet. The sheet is peripherally supported in an open center rack, heated in one or more ovens to forming temperature and formed by a combination of compression and, preferably, vacuum forming with subsequent trimming of excess material to form a finished component with a high quality finish suitable for automotive body use. The compression and vacuum forming steps may be interchangeably performed in order and provide for high quality finish on the outer surface with shaping of reentrant wall portions on the inner side. Any suitable form of laminated sheet may be formed by the apparatus and method.

Abstract: The invention relates to hard sided luggage shells and other containers manufactured using vacuum forming or pressure forming of thermoplastics. A process for making shells and containers with integrally molded frames is disclosed, and products made by the method. A method of manufacturing differential pressure formed containers with framed openings, but without the need to attach a separate frame element to the molded shell. A process also is disclosed for reducing the undesirable stretching of shell material that occurs during differential pressure forming, particularly the thinning of corner portions of the shell or container. The process of the invention more efficiently utilizes the thermoplastic material by moving material from otherwise offal portions into the molded product. An improved method for severing the offal material from the final product is disclosed.

Abstract: A molding method and apparatus capable of reliably removing a molded product without deformation even if the product has a shape difficult to be removed, such as a shape having a plurality of vertical portions. The method of molding a product by using a film sheet, includes the steps of: adapting to operate a pair of film pushing rings disposed facing upper and lower metal molds of a molding apparatus for thermally molding a product by using a film sheet, independently from the upper and lower metal molds; attracting and attaching a molded product to one of the upper and lower metal molds; fixing the ring on the side of the one metal mold; attracting and attaching a pickup jig to the molded product in tight contact therewith, the pickup jig having a surface shape matching the surface shape of the molded product; releasing the attraction and attachment by the one metal mold and moving the pickup jig to displace the molded product from the one metal mold; and moving the fixed ring to an original position.

Abstract: The present invention involves an apparatus for making comestible units. The comestible units made in accordance with the present invention can include active ingredients and are capable of dissolving in the mouth of the consumer within several seconds. They are particularly useful as antacids and as delivery vehicles for biologically active ingredients, especially those which are ideally combined with antacid ingredients.

Abstract: A vacuum forming apparatus to allow a tray containing a sheet, to be molded into a prescribed shape, to be moved manually in a very rapid manner in a rearward diagonal upward direction from a horizontally positioned vacuum table that is at one level into horizontal engagement with a heating element that is at a higher level, When in this latter position the tray is retained by a magnet until the sheet is heated to a moldable condition. The tray is then manually withdrawn from the magnet without harm to an operator's fingers while the tray is being moved rapidly in a forward diagonal downward direction away from the heating element into engagement with the vacuum tables In this position the moldable sheet is formed into the prescribed molded shape. To accomplish this very rapid diagonal movement of the tray parallel linkages are employed that are each pivotally connected to the rear central portion of the tray at one end and to a post at its other end.

Abstract: A gasket for vacuum thermoforming machines, which gasket is designed to be positioned on the perforated base plate of the thermoforming machine to cover selected ones of the vacuum openings in the base plate. An opening is provided in the center of the gasket for concentrating the vacuum in this area and increasing the vacuum applied to a heated plastic sheet or plate positioned above a dental impression cast located on the base plate in the gasket vacuum opening. The vacuum applied by the vacuum thermoforming machine is thus concentrated within the confines of the vacuum opening of the gasket to more efficiently mold the soft plastic plate over the dental impression cast and form a plastic retainer for straightening teeth.

Abstract: Convoluted tubing of thermoplastic resin is made by extruding the resin as a molten tubular extrudate, feeding said extrudate into the interior of a rotating tubular member which has a helical thread in the interior of said member, the spiral thread having a deformation zone receiving the extrudate and a cooling zone downstream from the deformation zone. A vacuum can be used to force the extrudate against the spiral thread in the deformation zone to spirally convolute the extrudate. The rotation of the tubular member causes the resultant convoluted tubing to engage the spiral thread in the cooling zone for conveyance through such zone. Apparatus comprising the rotating tubular member with the interior thread for forming the convoluted tubing is provided.

Abstract: A kit for a support fixture for a PC card. THe kid comprises a membrane and a PC card, a compliant-porous member, a vacuum platen, a rectangular frame, and a cylindrical plug which are placed under the membrane. The frame is used to create a mold to pour a casting material into and the cylindrical plug is used to create a recess to allow easy finger access to remove the PC card from the fixture.

Abstract: Bathtub or shower stall liner vacuum forming system for the forming of a liner to be positioned over an existing bathtub comprises a bathtub liner vacuum machine, a plumbing apparatus and a lift for moving the plumbing apparatus. The bathtub liner vacuum machine comprises a frame member, a track member, an oven and a skirt forming member. The plumbing apparatus includes a conventional plumbing fixture, a manifold, mesh member and a vacuum pump. Upon positioning of the formable member within the frame member and skirt forming member, the frame member is rolled along the track member into the oven. When the formable member is heated to the desired temperature, the bathtub is positioned into contact with the formable member and the air trapped therebetween is removed with the aid of the vacuum pump. As the air is evacuated, the formable member takes on the configuration of the conventional plumbing apparatus and mesh member. The invention further includes a method for forming a bathtub liner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a pack for flowable contents in a deep draw process having tubular side walls, a bottom and a top. The top has a pouring opening having an upstanding collar and a seam that passes around the pack in a plane that is oriented in the top so that the plane is interrupted by the pouring opening and projects on diametrically oppositely disposed sides almost as far as a free upper edge of the collar. The collar is formed of two collar halves joined together at the seam, and threads are provided on the collar for a screw top.

Abstract: A tape as unwound from a roll is passed through a preheater where it is preheated, and then heated to the softening temperature of the tape material by a main heater. The tape having ceased to retain its flat configuration due to being softened will drape over and come into close contact with generally the entire side surfaces of convex molds except for those portions of the tape located between adjacent convex molds. The tape thus generally brought into close contact with the convex molds continues to be moved with a rotating drum and is exposed to vacuum drawn through the slits formed at the roots of the opposed side walls of the convex molds while it is urged against a drum by the hold-down roller whereby those portions of the tape remote from the convex molds and located between adjacent convex molds are drawn into close contact with the front and back surfaces of the convex molds.

Abstract: An upper thermoforming mold is positioned above a lower thermoforming mold on a platen. The platen is provided with an array of position-controlled hydraulic cylinders. A controller drives the array of cylinders to uniformly advance the two molds together once heated sheets of thermoplastic material have been formed thereon. By controlling the position of each actuator, forces may be applied at different levels to the platen to bring about uniform molded parts and reduced deflection of the molds.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming a lid having an annular mounting portion, an annular trough region positioned radially inward of the annular mounting portion, an annular side wall extending upwardly from an inner periphery of the annular trough region to an annular ridge adjacent said annular side wall, and a crown region is set forth. The apparatus includes a forming die having an upper surface of a configuration conforming to the configuration of the lid, a forming ring for aiding in the forming of the lid, a positioning device for positioning the thermoformable sheet material adjacent the upper surface of the forming die between the forming die and the forming ring and a drive mechanism for lowering the forming ring into contact with the sheet material. The method includes contacting that portion of the sheet material which forms a lowermost region of the lid with the forming ring so as to carry the material down into the lowermost region of the forming die.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the rapid, uniform curing of cylindrical, polymeric objects. The invention provides precise, accurate control of both the curing temperature and pressure because the heating system is independent of the pressurization device. Cylindrical polymeric objects are cured by mounting the object on a cylindrical mandrel, applying substantially uniform pressure to the outer surface of the object, typically through an expandable bladder, and supplying curing is heat directly to the object by circulating a liquid heat transfer medium through the bladder or mandrel. Preferably, the expandable elastomeric bladder is mounted coaxially with the mandrel, and is expanded with a suitable liquid or gas to provide the pressure.

Abstract: A photo film cassette has a spool core on which photo film (14) wound in a form of a roll. A disk (19, 20) has an axial hole (19a, 20a) formed therein, and is secured to each of ends of the spool core, for regulating ends of the roll of the photo film in the cassette. A sheet (74) of thermoplastic synthetic resin is supplied one after another. There are plural disk-like portions (65) and a positioning portion (66) formed on the sheet. A positioning pin (112) is fitted on the positioning portion of the sheet being supplied, for positioning the sheet. An upper blade group (106) includes 12 upper blades (110, 111). An lower blade group (107) includes 12 lower blades (114, 115). The upper and lower blade groups squeeze 12 of the disk-like portions while the sheet is positioned by the positioning device, for punching the axial hole and a contour of the disk, to obtain 12 disks. A vacuum pump (152) is caused by a valve (156) to suck the 12 disks on the upper blade group, to remove the 12 disks from the sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a new apparatus and method for forming cavities in semiconductor substrates without the necessity of using an insert. More particularly, the invention encompasses an apparatus and a method for fabricating cavities in semiconductor substrates wherein a thermally decomposable surface layer is placed over the cavity prior to lamination and caused to conform to the contour of the cavity, thus preventing collapse of, or damage to, the cavity shelves during the lamination process. After the lamination process, the thermally decomposable surface layer is conveniently removed in pyrolysis and binder removal segments of the sinter process without causing damage to the cavity shelves or paste pull-outs.

Abstract: This invention is an improved thermoforming process and apparatus for the production of rigid plastic containers. The apparatus employs a molten sheet of thermoplastic material that is processed through two extrusion rolls, thermoformed on the periphery of a rotating form tool, mechanically ejected from the form tool conveyed to a conventional punch press where the formed articles are trimmed from the sheet then packaged for shipment. The operation of the extruder, extrusion rolls, forming wheel, mechanical ejection and trim stations are operated as a continuous, integrated system.

Abstract: An extruder projects through a bulkhead adapted to form part of a vacuum chamber, and a die is mounted on the end of the extruder within the bulkhead. The extruder projects through a gland seal which is formed in a sleeve surrounding the extruder. The seal includes a plurality of seal rings surrounding the extruder and packed in the sleeve and held in place in a preferred from by a yieldable retainer. A shaper is positioned downstream of the die and is clamped to the upstream end of the die. The shaper is mounted on tracks on a girder extending from the bulkhead clear of its periphery. The apparatus permits congruent axial movement of the extruder, die and shaper with respect to the bulkhead.

Abstract: Calibrators (10-16) are pre-aligned on a base (18) that is positioned on a table (60). A guide (82) includes a first section (84a, 84b) connected to base (18) and a second section (94) connected to table (60). First section (84a, 84b) cooperates with second section (94) to laterally maintain base (18) on table (60) while allowing thermal expansion of base (18) in the direction of a longitudinal axis (22).

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for automatically molding defined three-dimensional foam cushions. The apparatus comprises means for preparing a bag from plastic film material and for enclosing a foamable composition in the plastic bag, means for concurrently aligning a mold with the plastic bag and the bag preparing means, means for placing the bag containing the foamable composition into the aligned mold as the foamable composition begins to form foam, and means for maintaining the bag in the mold until the foamable composition has substantially finished forming foam in a shape conforming to the mold.

Abstract: A simultaneous injection molding and patterning method, including the steps of providing a first mold and a mutually opposed second mold; interposing a decorative pattern sheet between the molds; moving a heating body from a non-heating position to a heating position so as to heat and soften a portion of the decorative pattern sheet positioned between the opposing molds. The heating position is arranged such that a heating surface of the heating body confronts the decorative pattern sheet while the sheet is positioned between the opposed molds, and the non-heating position is arranged such that the heating surface of the heating body is not parallel to the heating surface of the heating body when in the heating position. The first mold is then evacuated to bring the heated and softened decorative pattern sheet into contact with a cavity of the first mold, the molds are closed, and then molten resin is injected into the mold to form a patterned product including the decorative pattern sheet.

Abstract: An improved mold assembly is provided for use in a thermo-forming press having a first and a second platen movably engageable there between. A first die member of the assembly is configured to be carried by the first platen. A second die member is configured to be carried by the second platen, and is constructed and arranged to mate in assembly with the first die member. Aa resilient member is disposed between one of the die members and an associated one of the platens. The compliant member is constructed and arranged to provide compliant engagement between the first and second die as first and second platens on which they are mounted, respectively, are engaged together to form a web of plastic material there between during a thermo-forming cycle.

Abstract: A composite hot drape vacuum forming method and apparatus. The apparatus includes an elongate vacuum chamber (12) having a lid (14) and a housing (16). An inflatable seal (26) is disposed between the lid (14) and the housing (16). Inflation of the inflatable seal (26) creates on airtight vacuum chamber. A heating blanket (36) is located in the bottom of the vacuum chamber (12). An inflatable bladder (28) is located on top of the heating blanket and extends approximately over the length of the vacuum chamber. The interior of the inflatable bladder is in fluid connection with the exterior of the vacuum chamber. Composite charges (40) are placed within the vacuum chamber on top of the vacuum bladder (28). Lay-up mandrels (42) are placed on top of the unformed composite charges and the vacuum chamber is closed and sealed. The composite charges (40) are heated using the heating blanket (36). The interior of the vacuum chamber is then evacuated.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for thermoforming a unitary plastic appliance door by thermoforming an outer door panel and an inner door liner and joining them together in a unitary apparatus. The apparatus includes a press with first and second platens, a male and a female mold member attached to the first platen and shaped to the contour of the outer door panel and the inner door liner respectively. A movable shuttle box is mounted on the second platen and a first plug assist member is located in the shuttle box. The shuttle box and first plug assist member are movable on the second platen into vertical alignment with either the male or female mold member. A transportation device is positioned between the first and second platens and is operable for transporting first and second plastic sheets into thermoforming posture with the male and female molds respectively. A second plug assist member is located for movement into and out of proximity with the female mold member.

Abstract: A horizontal vacuum extrusion line includes a fixed bulkhead, a die inside the bulkhead, a telescoping vacuum chamber section and a fixed chamber section. A dam in the fixed section forms a pond for immersion cooling of the extrudate. A truss extends from the dam to the bulkhead supporting, shaping and calibration equipment and extends through the telescoping section. Fluid pressurizable seals at each end of the telescoping section are operable after the telescoping section is closed against the bulkhead and the telescoping and fixed sections are locked together. The telescoping section provide a more compact line and easier access to the complex equipment downstream of the die. The extrudate from the die passes down into the pond and then through an orifice in a hood projecting from the chamber into a lower level portion of the pond exposed to atmosphere. The hood also includes a tractor drive to push the extrudate through the underwater orifice.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for simultaneously carrying out vacuum forming, trimming, and wrapping of a skin sheet (S) about a base material (W) in one stage in producing a molding. The device includes a mold (1) for supporting a base material (W) such that an attaching edge (F) of the base material (W) is kept afloat from the base (1A) of the mold (1), a holding-down member (6) disposed above the attaching edge (F) of the base material for holding down the skin sheet (S) mounted on the base material, and a wrapping head (4) disposed outside and below the attaching edge (F) and having a trimming edge (5). The device enables lower production costs and shortens the time cycle for the production.

Abstract: A method for making a flexible carrier tape for storage and delivery of electronic components by an advancement mechanism is disclosed. The tape includes a strip portion having a top surface, a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and a device for engagingly receiving the advancement mechanism; and a plurality of aligned pockets for carrying the electronic components. The pockets are spaced along the strip portion and opening through the top surface. The device for engagingly receiving the advancement mechanism includes a plurality of hollow protuberances that are spaced equally along the strip portion, open through the strip portion, and extend outwardly from the strip portion. The protuberances are adapted to receive the advancement mechanism within the hollow portion. The method includes simultaneously thermoforming the pockets and the protuberances to provide excellent registration therebetween.

Abstract: A male die, a female die, air pressure and vacuum are used to form a sheet of material into a flat-paneled flower pot or flower pot cover. A platform supports the female die which has an opening with flat surfaces for forming panels in the base and skirt of the flower pot or flower pot cover. The male die has forming surfaces which mate with the forming surfaces of the female die. The sheet of material is centered over the opening of the female die. A bracket having a plurality of legs which align with the panel-forming surfaces of the female die is placed on the sheet of material. Air pressure and vacuum lines communicating with the opening of the female die are used to control the sheet of material as the male die enters the opening of the female die. The top surface of the platform and the bracket legs provide additional control of the sheet of material. The sheet of material is pressed between forming surfaces of the male and female die to form the flat-paneled flower pot or flower pot cover.

Abstract: A thermoforming apparatus having a plurality of dies for forming a plurality of thin walled plastic articles in combination with an improved movable extractor plate assembly for moving an extractor plate between the plurality of dies of the thermoforming apparatus to remove formed articles is described. The movable extractor plate assembly includes an extractor plate having a vacuum chamber connected to the outlet end of a vacuum source and having at the inlet end of the vacuum source a pressure control valve and a vent valve between the vacuum source and pressure control valve. The assembly permits the control of pressure to the vacuum chamber to provide holding contact of articles formed onto the extractor plate without deformation of the thin walled articles. Additionally, the assembly permits the injection of air pressure into the vacuum chamber upon closing of the vacuum source to facilitate release of the formed articles from the extractor plate.

Abstract: Open-cell plastic foam sheets with smooth, closed surfaces are heated up to a predetermined temperature after extrusion, are thermoformed in a thermoforming unit with the aid of a vacuum on both sides and are thermoset. One of the two closed surface skins of the plastic foam sheet is perforated with the aid of needles 4 arranged movably in a mold block 11. The mold block 11 is a component part of a thermoforming unit 10 and, together with a further mold block 9, forms the mold of this thermoforming unit. The mold block 11 for the inner side 13 of a plastic foam sheet 16 comprises a male mold 1, a cooling plate 2, a vacuum plate 3, the movable needles 4, a needle plate 5, springs 6 for the return of the needle. plate and also diaphragms 7 and a mounting plate 8, which are held together by screws 30.

Abstract: A cylindrical screen for perforating a thermoplastic film or sheets has an outer surface and an inner surface. A plurality of outer apertures extend from the outer surface and terminate at a corresponding inner aperture on the inner surface of the screen. The apertures in the outer surface can have the same or a different geometrical shape as the apertures in the inner surface. The apertures form a passageway through the screen. The passageways are disposed at least one angle from about 5.degree. to about 60.degree. with respect to a plane that is disposed substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the screen to prevent a direct line of sight through the screen.

Abstract: A vacuum bag assembly used in making laminated articles having layers of composite materials and thermosetting resins that are formed and adhesively bonded together. The assembly includes a forming tool on which the composite materials and the thermosetting resins may be positioned. The composite materials have edges well spaced from edges of the forming tool. A vacuum bag is positioned over the composite material and the forming tool. The vacuum bag includes a flexible mat, having an irregular surface contiguous with the composite materials. The flexible mat also has edges well spaced from the edges of the forming tool. The vacuum bag also has a continuous flexible suction channel having an inner arch-like surface and an outer arch-like surface positioned between the edges of the flexible mat and the edges of the forming tool. The suction channel is attached to the flexible mat by a flexible connecting flange.

Abstract: A unitary plastic refrigerator door is produced by simultaneously thermoforming an outer refrigerator door panel with an inner refrigerator door liner. During production, an annular flange portion of the inner refrigerator door liner is joined with an annular sidewall portion of the outer refrigerator door panel at an attachment location positioned inwardly of the annular side wall portion. The inner refrigerator door liner is also formed with either an annular recess or a plurality of spaced recesses in its annular flange portion adjacent the attachment location of the inner refrigerator door liner and the outer refrigerator floor panel that is adapted to press-fittingly receive a door gasket. Preferably, the outer refrigerator door panel includes a thickened portion that is formed with a handle defining recess. A method of thermoforming the refrigerator door is also provided and advantageously enables the inner refrigerator door liner to be produced on a male mold member.

Abstract: A back shell for guitars or similar musical instruments having sides that at the rim turn inward and then outward to produce a flange that the soundboard can be adhered to. With multi-part tooling, the back shell can be produced at a very low cost from sheet plastics using the vacuum form method of manufacture.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a composite structure such as an aircraft radome includes preparing seamless female support mold/caul plate tooling, and seamless male support mold/vacuum bag tooling. An uncured composite structure is collated on the external surface of the male support mold/vacuum bag tooling, and then transferred to the female support mold/caul plate tooling for curing. The female support mold/caul plate tooling defines the outer surface of the final composite structure, permitting the outer surface of be smooth and of an aerodynamic shape.

Abstract: A vacuum forming process is provided for molding a thin sheet of thermoformable plastic into an accurate three-dimensional relief reproduction of an original artwork. The sheet of plastic has printed on one side thereof a permanent image of the original artwork.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional fabric of the type which may be used in absorbent garments, dressings or the like involves the use of an apertured collector element which has a predetermined three-dimensional shape. The method involves positioning material adjacent to one side of the apertured collector element and developing a pressure differential between the one side of the apertured collector element and a second, opposite side to force the fabric material against the apertured collector element. The material, which has conformed to the shape of the collector element, is then solidified into its intended three-dimensional shape.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form an article which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are molded to fashion a portion of the mixture into a form stable shape for the desired article. Once the article has obtained form stability, the article is removed from the mold and allowed to harden to gain strength. The articles may have properties substantially similar to articles presently made from traditional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming twin sheet hollow plastic articles such as plastic pallets. A pair of plastic sheets is delivered directly from an extruder and loaded directly into a pair of clamping frames. The sheets are then moved in the clamping frames into an oven where the sheets are heated, whereafter the sheets are transferred to a hot forming station where the sheets are formed into a pallet. This pallet is then transferred to a cold forming station where further processing of the pallet takes place, and then to an unloading station where the finished pallet is removed and a new set of plastic sheets from the extruder is loaded into the clamping frames.

Abstract: A mold assembly is disclosed that has an electrically heatable body, that glues and trims a film, and that minimizes the heat loss of the heatable body. The mold assembly includes a receiving mold (2) formed on the upper part of a frame (1), a non-current-conductive and heat-resistive material (11) disposed at the periphery of the receiving mold and having vertical throughbores (14), an electrically heatable body (5) extending along the throughbores, and metal holders (12) disposed in the throughbores (14) to hold the electrically heatable body (5) in a non-contact relation with the heat resistive material (11) at least at the positions where the holders are.

Abstract: A method for the thermoforming of hollow objects having a base from a sheet of thermoplastics material, which effects in one single predetermined operating cycle, the production of a pressed object by hot forming and cutting out of the object or objects between one half of a movable double female mould which is located in the forming area opposite a male die, movement of the female half of the mould, said half containing therewithin the thermoformed object or objects, towards a corresponding discharge area alternately to one side or the other of the forming area; picking up the object or objects from the female half of the mould located in corresponding discharge area and transferring each object to a plurality of receiving formers of a shape corresponding to the mould, which formers can move sequentially stepwise along a track, sequential movement of the formers to at least one workstation or handling station at the same time as the female mould moves back to place its other half opposite the male die in ord

Abstract: A vacuum calibrator tool for use with a vacuum chamber is provided to accurately size and shape the outer surface of molten plastic extrudate entering the vacuum chamber. The tool provides water passages to introduce water into the extrudate receiving opening of the tool at several positions along the extrudate receiving opening so that an extended zone of water within the extrudate receiving opening provides a film of water between the vacuum calibrator tool and the extrudate passing through it to lubricate the extrudate and to permit accurate sizing and shaping of the extrudate. The vacuum calibrator tool is preferably formed of a low coefficient of friction plastic material such as glass filled polytetrafluroethylene solid commercially under the registered trademark TEFLON.RTM..

Abstract: A machine for making plastic tubing including a plurality of separate carriages for carrying mold blocks about the continuous path. First and second wheel pairs on opposite sides of each carriage ride on first and second tracks respectively through a molding section of the path. An offset wheel is disposed between the wheels of each pair and rides on guide tracks associated with and facing oppositely to the first and second tracks respectively through the molding section. Each mold block is a plurality of sub-blocks secured end to end, with each sub-block having an arcuate face and corrugated with not more than one complete wavelength. Vacuum channels about sub-block end surfaces connect the block face to a vacuum port.

Abstract: An apparatus for plug-assisted thermoforming of a cup or other hollow article has a concave well or cone region machined into its top with a series of small holes drilled near the deepest part of the well and connected to a port inside the plug which is connected to a specifically sized manifold system. The manifold has a source for positive (pneumatic) and negative (vacuum) pressure air. During the machine cycle, a vacuum is introduced into the plug, which draws the hot plastic sheet into the plug well to stretch it. The vacuum is replaced by compressed air to transfer the pre-stretched sheet into a mold. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the plug is shaped to provide stretching in both the central well and in peripheral regions concentric with the well. Controlled air pressure in the mold may be used to provide the concentric prestretching.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for making hard sided luggage shells and other containers by vacuum forming or pressure forming thermoplastics. An apparatus for making shells and containers with integrally molded frames is disclosed. An apparatus for manufacturing differential pressure formed containers with framed openings, without the need for later attachment of a separate frame element to the molded shell. An apparatus also is disclosed for reducing the undesirable stretching of shell material that occurs during differential pressure forming, particularly the thinning of corner portions of the shell or container. The apparatus of the invention more efficiently utilizes the thermoplastic material by moving material from otherwise offal portions into the molded product. An improved device for severing the offal material from the final product is disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a differential temperature vacuum forming tool having differentially heated sections. In a specific application, vacuum formed plastic buttons with indicia thereon are produced without distortion of the print indicia. The vacuum forming tool accepts a printed plastic overlay for shaping; and the shaped printed plastic overlay can be used to produce back-lit buttons.