Abstract: The process for making a molded article from a nonflowable mixture of chip and/or fiber material and a thermally hardenable binder, includes pressing the mixture in a press with a mold closed on all its sides, hardening the mixture in the mold with thermal energy, and feeding a hot gas, especially steam, in the mixture during the pressing to supply at least a portion of the thermal energy required for hardening. To heat and harden the molded article in a minimum time, the hot gas is fed into the mixture in a direction substantially perpendicular to the pressing direction. Introduction of steam begins at least as soon as the onset of the pressing, but ends prior to the end of the pressing. A suitable apparatus for performing this process is described in which the mold cavity has walls containing feed ducts for the hot gas which feed the gas perpendicular to the pressing direction.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel process and apparatus for producing compressed solid briquettes from particulate materials, such as sawdust and like waste by-products wherein the particulate material is compressed into a predetermined briquette-shaped cavity of a mold member and subjected to sufficient compression forces to form the compressed solid briquette whereupon, after removal of the compression forces, the mold member is indexed to a position to permit discharge from the mold cavity of the thus formed compressed solid briquette.

Abstract: A pressure molding device having a powder supporting flat face formed by the end face of a pressure ram or a pressure-submissive block and a reciprocating vertical sleeve. The layer of powder formed on the flat face and having a uniform density is cut with the vertical sleeve's end for molding. A molded body has a uniform density in all portions and deformation does not occur in the course of sintering for producing semiconducting or insulating base boards.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a padded element, such as a seat cushion for motor vehicles, the cushion cover of cloth, leather, synthetic material or the like is applied to the padding usually of expanded plastics material after having been formed to the shape of the surface of the padding by means of pressing in the metal die and the simultaneous application of steam. The flow of steam reaches the cover by passing through the lower part of the die and emerging from passages provided in the wall which is in contact with the material. The steam used during the operation of pressing of the material is drawn from a reservoir of pressurised steam, whose chamber is not in direct communication with the passages and whose body is of metal and is in a thermally conducting relationship with the wall of the die.

Abstract: Molding apparatus, particularly for mounting specimens for microstructural analysis. A ramhead pressurizes a molding chamber, with the pressure, temperature and time of the cycle being set into the system from a control panel and proceeding automatically. The ramhead is advanced through a hydraulic system. A spring is provided for mounting the tubular molding chamber to permit the molding chamber to spontaneously align with the advancing ramhead. A wrench member is provided as an integral part of the apparatus to rotationally lock the handle to the molding chamber, to permit rotation of the molding chamber through the handle for removal thereof when desired.

Abstract: A molding process of a molding compound containing an ingredient such as a binder, e.g., pitch or a thermosetting resin which generate gas before being set, is disclosed, wherein the molding compound is heated and molded under pressure according to a special temperature pattern. First, the molding compound may be preheated substantially uniformly to a temperature at which the binder melts and generates reaction gas. Next, temperature gradient in the direction of thickness of the molding is created while raising the temperature of the molding to an upper limit temperature so that the setting of the molding progressively advances from the higher temperature to the lower temperature side of the molding.

Abstract: In an apparatus for producing shaped bodies of non-swelling mixture, of fiber materials with a heat hardenable binding medium, the shaped body of a complex shape can be formed so that at its visible side seams are not formed during pressing, by means of an additional pressing of a pre-pressed mixture in a one piece cavity press member before it reaches its final shape.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for forming a flange on the wall portion of a hollow body of thermoplastic material with an opening at one end provides that the end part of the wall portion which defines the opening is heated and contracted by means of a force acting on the end portion from the outside thereof over the periphery thereof, whereupon the contracted end part is subjected to a pressing operation to form a flange extending around the contracted end part.

Abstract: The tubular body is laid in a horizontal position on a tapered suction drum and pivoted thereby into a vertical axis which is in coaxial relationship with the axis of a mandrel with a punch. The tubular body is then pushed from the surface of the suction drum on to the mandrel by a thrust member. The mandrel and/or the die is mounted displaceably in a vertical direction, which permits particularly stable and precise guidance. A plurality of dies with mandrels and punches associated therewith is disposed on a rotary member. In the course of a revolution of the rotary member, the tubular body on the mandrel is connected to a squeeze moulding in the die.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method and a mould in the casting of large-size concrete objects or corresponding elements for compacting high-viscosity casting mix. Thereat, the mould (3 or 17) comprises a bottom (8 or 24) and side walls (6, 7) as well as, additionally, a deck (9 or 25) for bringing the high-viscosity casting mix present in the mould (3 or 17) mechanically under pressure. According to the invention, repeated parallel dislocations back and forth are produced in the various regional zones of the mechanically pressurized high-viscosity casting mix (1) present in the mould (3 or 17), and in particular in parallel dislocation planes (2) of the casting mix.

Abstract: A three-dimensional work piece, such as an interior part for a car, is manufactured by keeping the blank, such as a sheet of plastic on or in the same primary mold (24) for the initial shaping step, for the foaming step, for the curing step and for the final trimming step. The primary mold (24) shuttles back and forth in a given direction for sequential cooperation with two secondary molds (75 and 31 or 48 and 31) arranged for reciprocation in a direction extending perpendicularly to said given direction. Preferably, two primary mold members (66, 67) are arranged for horizontal back and forth shuttling in unison so that each primary mold member may cooperate with two out of three vertically reciprocable secondary molds. The efficiency is substantially doubled when each of two primary mold members (66, 67) cooperates with two out of three secondary molds.

Abstract: A press is described for manufacturing plates, etc., having a press die which can be moved against a countermold for pressing, the press die being molded in accordance with the inner shape of the plate, etc., to be pressed, and having an elastic membrane closing a cavity in the countermold and mounted at its edge which is adapted to the dimensions of the edge of the finished plate. The membrane is provided with an annular slot corresponding to the base of the plate and is capable of having porcelain body in powder form distributed over it in the limits set by the mounting, when the press die is moved a distance away from the membrane, the cavity covered by the membrane being capable of being filled with a pressure medium which can be pressurized when the press die has been moved onto the porcelain body in powder form distributed over the membrane. The press die has a coating which is provided at the edge with a torus bulging towards the membrane.

Abstract: In a press operable for movements of proof plate exchangeably mounted on an end of a press die into and out of a mold, and wherein the proof plate normally does not exceed a position wherein its topmost portion is at most flush with a topmost portion of the mold during the movements, the improvement includes a drive device independent of the movements for moving the proof plate beyond the topmost portion of the mold, so that the proof plate projects through the mold, and is thereby freely accessible for the purpose of being replaced.

Abstract: A hydraulic press is provided including a frame having a pair of spaced-apart vertical side members and a crown, and a mold box rigidly supported between the vertical side members and including a vertical mold cavity. A lower plunger assembly is positioned below the mold box and includes at least one plunger adapted to extend upwardly into the mold cavity, and an ejection cylinder assembly is provided for causing selective vertical movement of the lower plunger assembly. An upper plunger assembly is positioned above the mold box and includes an upper plunger adapted to extend downwardly into the mold cavity, and a hydraulic ram is provided for supporting the upper plunger assembly for vertical movement with respect to said mold box and with respect to said lower plunger assembly. The hydraulic ram includes a cylinder fixed to the lower plunger assembly and a ram housed in the cylinder and adapted to selectively drive the upper plunger assembly downwardly.

Abstract: A press is disclosed for use in compressing refractory material in the manufacture of bricks and the like, the press including means for supporting a mold box in the press in such a manner that the mold box is easily and quickly removed from a supporting mold table, and wherein the hydraulic clamping apparatus of the press can also be used to provide the motive force for separating the mold box from the supporting mold table.

Abstract: Press for powder metallurgy and method of simultaneous compression of powder in a die disclosed which includes descent speed differentially control apparatuses for simultaneous compression powder in the die from both the upper and lower direction by an upper punch and a lower punch. The descent speed of an upper ram is transferred to the upper punch at that speed, and the speed is changed to lower speed through the control device than the upper punch speed and the controlled lower speed is transferred to a die holder which is simultaneously descended with the controlled lower speed together with the high speed upper punch.

Abstract: A press is disclosed for use in the manufacture of refractory products and particularly including means for causing reciprocal movement of cores into the mold cavity to thereby permit holes to be formed in the compressed refractory product. The core moving apparatus is conveniently attachable and removable from the press to permit removal or replacement of the mold box or to facilitate modification of an existing press to incorporate the means of the invention for causing movement of reciprocal cores. The core supporting structures of the core moving apparatus are also adjustably supported so as to accommodate varied numbers of cores or various arrangements of the cores.

Abstract: Mold for molding hollow bricks by means of a press, comprises at least one punch affixed to the movable crosspiece of the press. A die is provided with at least one cavity for containing the material to be pressed and is engageable by the punch during the pressing step. At least one counterpunch constitutes the bottom of the die cavity and is movable between a position where it rests on the press base and a position where it ejects the molded brick. The die is supported in a yielding manner vertically with respect to the press base. Rod-like elements adapted for forming the holes through the bricks are rigid with the die. The rod-like elements penetrate the counterpunch and the cavity and are further adapted for inserting themselves in respective seats in the punches during the pressing step.

Abstract: A process and mold for producing padded motor vehicle seat backs containing a metal framework surrounded by polyurethane foam in a plastic coating. The framework is inserted through a slit in the coating which is then sealed. Then the polyurethane foam is injected through a flexible filler neck into the coating and allowed to polymerize. After polymerization the filler neck is cut off. The framework may be contained in a plastic bag together with a relatively resilient foamed plastic body. The coating may be pressurized inwardly and pressure in the mold may be reduced during injection of the polyurethane foam. The mold comprises a pair of lateral mold parts and a central mold part together defining the mold cavity. The lateral mold parts are movable toward and away from the central mold part by hydraulic or pneumatic rams.

Abstract: A press is disclosed for use in compressing refractory material in the manufacture of bricks and the like, the press including means for supporting a mold box in the press in such a manner that the mold box is easily and quickly removed from a supporting mold table, and wherein the hydraulic clamping apparatus of the press can also be used to provide the motive force for separating the mold box from the supporting mold table.

Abstract: A press tool for production of moulded ceramic articles from powder material includes a lower tool part adapted to be supported on a press table and carrying a lower die. A matrix shell encircles the lower die and is mounted to move up and down relatively to it. An upper tool part is adapted to be connected to the plunger of the press and carries an upper die which on lowering of the plunger of the press projects into the matrix shell. To fill the powder material into the cavity defined by the lower die and the matrix shell, an annular hopper in the form of an funnel encircles the upper die and is mounted to slide axially thereon. The hopper has an annular outlet facing radially inwards and opening into the cavity when the hopper is in its lower position with respect to the upper die but closed by the upper die when the hopper is in a raised position relatively to the upper die.

Abstract: Two mold sections of a mold for compressing a ceramic or refractory material into tile preforms are mounted on respective platens of a pressing machine for displacement toward and away from one another. One of the platens is a part of a frame which further includes upright beams and a support stationarily mounted on the upper ends of the beams. A plurality of cylinder-and-piston units the pistons of which are accommodated in bores of the movable platen and the piston rods of which extend outwardly of the bores and toward the support, is distributed over the movable platen and so acts thereon as to avoid bending of the movable platen.

Abstract: It has not previously been known to measure, by means of thermoluminescent detectors, both gamma and fast neutron radiation at the same time. The present invention performs such measurements on an equal basis to produce a summed dose reading. The present invention broadly comprises the use of a thermoluminescent phosphor in hydrogenous matrix and the measurement of thermoluminescence due to electron fluence from the matrix into the phosphor for gamma ray dose and recoil proton fluence into the phosphor for fast neutron dose. The invention further embraces the manufacture of a detector and a novel die for use therein.

Abstract: An improved hydraulic press, comprising a base frame with an horizontal bed, to which two stationary heads, termed "fore head" and "rear head", respectively, are firmly secured, said heads being connected with one another by at least two cylindrical, parallel columns, whereon a movable positioning and pre-compression crosshead, operated by hydraulic jacks, is slidingly fitted, whereby to act on a movable punch, located opposite to a stationary die, acting both punch and die, on the recess of a bottom mold; being the pressure on the movable punch, working on the recess of the bottom mold, being exerted through a pad made of an elastically flexible material, interposed between said crosshead and said fore head, it being possible to have said pad filled with a pressurized liquid.

Abstract: The case assembly for a ceramic tile die includes a die cavity assembly formed by an insert support member and a plurality of inserts mounted on the upper surfaces of the insert support member. The inserts are preferably formed of tungsten carbide and may be universally mounted on the insert support member to provide a plurality of usable wear surfaces. A rigid frame surrounds the die cavity assembly, and mounting means are provided to permit limited, pressure induced movement between the die cavity assembly and the rigid frame. This minimizes the tensile stress to which the walls of the die cavity assembly are subjected.