Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) container from a hollow amorphous PET preform which includes an open end and a closed end, the open end forming a neck section having dimensions already conformed to its final size and shape, the container being able to withstand relatively severe thermal conditions encountered when the container is filled with a hot liquid, without appreciable deformation, including the steps of: a) rapidly heating only the body of the PET preform, exclusive of the neck section, to a temperature at which subsequent longitudinal and transverse stretching cause no stresses in the PET; b) transferring the hot preform from step (a) to a mold whose walls are maintained at a temperature lower than the temperature of the hot preform body; c) longitudinally stretching the preform body while simultaneously transversely expanding it by blow-molding using a pressurized fluid so as to mold the preform body to the shape of the mold cavity; d) rapidly evacuating the press

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus of stretch-blow molding a preform in the axial and radial directions into a biaxially oriented container by the use of a stretching rod assembly and a blowing of pressurized fluid. In the axially stretching step, the surface area of the working end of the stretching rod assembly is changed. The axially stretching step is carried out through a plurality of stages each of which provide a different surface area of the working end of the stretching rod assembly. The apparatus preferred to carry out this process has a plurality of concentrically disposed stretching rods and a tip piece fixedly mounted on the working end of each of the stretching rods and having an external diameter at the surface area different from those of the other stretching rods. When such stretching rods are driven independently or in combination, the bottom surface area of the stretching rod assembly to be engaged by the inner bottom wall of the preform can be easily changed.

Abstract: A blown bottle useful for containing a carbonated beverage bottle is formed with an annular swingle thickness depending skirt formed integrally with the bottle bottom providing a self-standing support for the bottle.A parison or preform for the blow molding of bottle is formed with a rounded, closed bottom portion and a cylindrical and integral annular single thickness skirt portion, for use in blow molding of a carbonated beverage bottle having an integral skirt for free-standing.The method of making a self-standing bottle, such as for carbonated beverages and the like, includes the forming of a bottle preform with an annular depending skirt which surrounds a closed bottom portion, and blowing the preform while gripping the skirt portion and spreading it outwardly and downwardly in relation to the orientation of the bottle to form an annular support skirt or platform in the blown bottle.

Abstract: A blow molded container formed of a polyester resin for use in hot fill applications. The container includes upright side walls, an integral base and a preselected outwardly thermoelastically deformable portion. Upon being filled with a liquid at an elevated temperature, the deformable portion of the container deforms outwardly to partially increase the volumetric size of the container. The remaining portions of the container generally shrink in response to being hot filled.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for blow-molding hollow articles from open-ended tubular bodies of thermoplastics material include dimensionally expanding the open end of the tubular body to accomodate a blow pin plate of preselected dimension and/or geometry. The expanded open end of the tubular member will thus be closed by the blow pin plate. Subsequent introduction of pressurized fluid (e.g., air) into the tubular body through the blow pin plate will cause the tubular body to conform to the female cavity which envelops the same. In such a manner, hollow articles having relatively large sized and/or irregular shaped openings may be fabricated utilizing blow-molding techniques.

Abstract: A method for forming an inflatable catheter balloon from an initial length of tubing includes longitudinally stretching a first end segment of the tubing element and longitudinally stretching a second end segment of the tubing element. The longitudinally stretched tubing is then heated, blow-molded to radially stretch it and define a desired inflatable portion for the balloon, and cooled.

Abstract: A method for stretch blow molding a preform into a hollow container having a heat-resistant property, including the steps of heat setting the hollow container by maintaining the hollow container heated for a predetermined period of time within a blow mold and cooling the hollow container by the use of a cooling medium blown out from the forward end of a stretching rod at least during backward movement of the stretching rod. If the heat setting operation is to be performed in a heat setting mold separately of the blow mold, the hollow container is cooled by the cooling medium blown out from the forward end of a cooling medium introducing rod while being moved. Since the cooling medium outlet is axially moved, the hollow container can be cooled uniformly, even if the hollow container has a particularly increased rate of longitudinal stretch.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for extrusion blow molding polyethylene terephthalate articles. Articles produced according to this invention may be monolayer or multilayer; they may be circumferentially or biaxially oriented; and they may be heat set.

Abstract: Injection-blow molding apparatus in which maximum mold density is obtained by alternate arrangement of circumferentially continuous blow molds and injection molds, with axial mold closure being obtained by neck forming and shoulder forming sleeves concentrically located around the cores which are reciprocated into and out of the molds.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for forming dilatation balloons and catheters including same are provided. The balloons are fabricated of a biaxially orientable material such as a nylon or a polyamide material, and they have an inflated, non-distended working profile as well as a stretched inflated profile which is achieved by applying pressure through a dilatation catheter or the like that is in excess of that needed to achieve the inflated, non-distended profile and which is adequate to effect dilatation or the like up to a maximum pre-bursting pressure application. The maximum pre-bursting size of the balloon can be tailored depending upon the needs of the particular balloon within a wide range of possible maximum pre-bursting sizes. The apparatus and methods facilitate fabrication of the balloons which are subjected to longitudinal elongation or axial orientation and biaxial or radial orientation.

Abstract: A flat container may be produced by extruding a molten resin to form a parison, closing the bottom of the parison, preblowing the parison such that the inner surfaces do not contact together, drafting the parison in a molten state, expanding the parison with the outer edge of the parison extending beyond that of the cavity of a mold, pinching the expanded parison with the mold to fuse the outer edge portions together along the outer edge of the cavity, and forcing a pressurized fluid into the parison pinched by the mold so that the parison is shaped in close contact with the inside surfaces of the mold cavity.

Abstract: A method is described for stretch blow-moulding thermoplastics bottles (50) from heated parisons of thermoplastics material such as polypropylene. The parisons are severed from thermoplastics sticks (51) each of which is formed of several, e.g. five, parison lengths. The sticks are severed from the leading end of a continuously extended thermplastics tube, and are individually heated in an oven to orientation temperature. After heating, the sticks are presented for severance as successive groups of associated sticks which are advanced longitudinally one parison length at a time while disposed in parallel, laterally aligned relation. The bottles are formed by repeated stretch blow-moulding operations upon the groups of parisons so produced.

Abstract: A method of producing a pair of container bodies. A cylindrical, hollow preform of a thermoplastic polymer material having a cylindrical body having a sidewall and an opened neck finish on each longitudinal end of the preform is provided. The preform is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer and below the melting temperature of the polymer, and is stretched. The preform is stretched longitudinally by applying force to at least one of the ends, and is stretched transversely by introducing fluid pressure into the preform sufficient to form a stretch blown component having a first neck at one end and a second neck at the other end, and a body portion between the necks. The stretch blown component is separated transversely through the body to provide two container bodies, each having a neck finish corresponding dimensionally with the respective neck finish on the preform from which the container bodies are stretch-blown.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus for extrusion blow molding polyethylene terephthalate articles. Articles produced according to this invention may be monolayer or multilayer; they may be circumferentially or biaxially oriented; and they may be heat set.

Abstract: A reheat blow mold machine includes a preform loader, an oven, a mold station and a preform transfer mechanism for transporting preforms from the oven to the mold station. A loader defines a plurality of lanes within which the preforms are supported. A reciprocal jaw assembly moves the preforms from a receiving end to a load end of the oven. The oven includes a plurality of tandemly arranged abutting pallets which rotatably support the preforms. The pallets are stepped through the oven and moved between a receiving end and a discharge end by a pair of elevators and a return conveyor. The transfer mechanism includes two sets of jaw assemblies, a pair of slidable actuators and a compensation mechanism to automatically adjust for tolerance variations in the diameter of the preforms. A mold station includes a pair of opposed platens which support mold halves. A bottom platen is positioned by a cam arrangement mounted on the opposed platens.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming a self-standing skirt on the pressure bottom of a blow-molded carbonate beverage container. The preform is formed with an annular depending skirt, and the skirt is stretched with a stretch mechanism which engages all but a lower portion of the preform, so that during the stretching of the preform concurrently with the blowing of the preform in a bottle mold, the lower portion folds inwardly to form a bottom ledge on the stretched skirt. The mold is provided with a centering mechanism for assuring the centering of the preform within the mold cavity to assure that the preform skirt receives the skirt stretching mechanism.

Abstract: A blow-molding apparatus in which a lower mold is divided into two parts, i.e. a split-type mold having a ring like configuration and a lower mold, so that the molding of a chime on a drum molded in the apparatus is facilitated. A connecting device, which can be magnetic or mechanical, is provided for selectively connecting the split-type mold to the lower mold for molding.

Abstract: An improved preform for blow molding a one-piece plastic container of the champagne base variety having an annular peripheral chime surrounding an inward sloping base portion for containing carbonated beverages. The preform defining interior and exterior walls which are ever decreasing in diameter from the neck to the base so that the preform may be easily removed from a mating core and injection mold cavity used therewith thereby avoiding the need for a split mold to form the preform. The preform including a thickened annulus adjacent the transition between side wall and base forming portions thereof and an exterior weight reducing annular concavity between the thickened annulus and the closed end of the preform.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for the forming of an annular depending skirt on the bottom of a container, such as a carbonated beverage bottle, which includes a plurality of articulated fingers extending into the mold cavity having distal ends which are proportioned to be received within a preform skirt portion prior to the blowing of the preform. The fingers are operated by engagement of cam surfaces concurrently with the blowing of the preform into a mold cavity to cause a programmed expansion of the skirt portion into a final single thickness annular skirt on the finished container.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a drawn heat-set plastic hollow vessel, which comprises a rotary member having a plurality of openable-closable blow-forming and heat-setting molds and preform-supporting mechanisms corresponding to said molds, a preform supply mechanism for supplying a preform maintained at a drawing temperature into the mold of the rotary member at the opening position and a vessel withdrawal mechanism for withdrawing a drawn and heat-set vessel from the mold of the rotary member at the opening position, wherein the rotary member comprises a mold-heating mechanism for maintaining the molds at a heat-setting temperature through the entire rotation course of the rotary member, an opening and closing mechanism for closing the molds after passage through the position of the preform supply mechanism and opening the molds before arrival at the position of the vessel withdrawal mechanism, a sealing member capable of reciprocating relatively to the preform supported by the preform support mechanism while

Abstract: A stretching and blow-molding apparatus for producing hollow bodies from thermoplastic plastics material comprises a rotatable blow wheel assembly on which a number of molds are mounted. Each mold comprises two mold halves mounted on a common pivot. The apparatus includes a locking device which has a frame-like configuration and comprises a continuous shaft which passes through a set of aligned bores formed in pawls provided on the external surface of one mold half and a locking member which comprises a plurality of locking sections disposed in aligned bores formed in pawls provided on both mold halves, which pawls are interdigitated in the locked position. The uppermost and lowermost locking sections are connected to the continuous shaft. Vertical movement of the continuous shaft or of the locking section causing corresponding vertical movement of the other. The individual locking sections have a length corresponding to the length of the bore in each pawl and end-abut one another.

Abstract: A reheat blow molding machine has an improved article handling system that carries heated preforms by a carriage assembly from an oven to a roller chain conveyor which moves them to a blow mold from whence the blown product is moved to an eject station. The motions are linear and cyclical or periodic, drive means for such intermittent motions being provided. Preforms are handled in groups of four, each one being supported by its capping ring in a locating notch on the carriage and by the finish groove in a holder notch above it when it is transferred to the conveyor. All notches are open on the side facing the oven and have self-centering features to get and keep alignment for transfer and positioning at the blow mold. The carriage which moves preforms horizontally toward the conveyor and raises them to the elevation for transfer to the holder notches of the conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed that is intended for manufacturing a hollow body. The hollow body has a head piece formed by blow-molding a preform segment. The apparatus includes a ring-shaped nozzle, a withdrawal device, and blow-mold pieces which are laterally, reciprocally movable. Regions of the hollow body are fabricated to have outer diameters which are less than the diameter of the extruded tubular segment before the segment is blow-molded. This is achieved by a reciprocally movable mandrel with a molding extension. The molding extension extends both radially and inwardly between projecting regions of the closed blow-mold pieces. The projecting regions of the blow-mold pieces press the corresponding parts of the preform segment against the molding extension, wherewith the ring-shaped nozzle opening is radially, outwardly offset with respect to the outer contour of the molding extension.

Abstract: In an apparatus comprised of a ring-shaped nozzle in a nozzle piece, which ring-shaped nozzle has a reciprocally movable nozzle cone piece, wherewith the cone piece and nozzle piece together define a ring-shaped nozzle opening, it is desired to modify the ring-shaped nozzle such that, in the manufacturing of hollow bodies, the amount of scrap can be reduced and the range of practicable applications of the apparatus can be extended. This is achieved in that an additional device or arrangement is provided for closing the nozzle opening. With the improved apparatus, one can achieve improvements in the hollow body being produced, the improvements being attributable to a special technique of closing the ring-shaped nozzle, which technique is enabled by the novel closure device.

Abstract: In an apparatus for manufacturing a plastic hollow body which hollow body is open on one end and closed on the other, for the forming of a head piece a withdrawal device rests on a ring-shaped nozzle having a ring-shaped nozzle having a ring-shaped nozzle opening, and for the forming of a plastic tubular segment the bottom elements of blow-mold pieces rest on the ring-shaped nozzle, to provide for blow-molding of the tubular segment by blow means.It is desired to be able to produce a hollow body with a closed head piece and a perforated bottom member.

Abstract: In an apparatus for manufacturing a hollow body, the hollow body comprises an injection-molded head piece, a body part formed by blow molding a preform segment which segment is integral with the head piece. The apparatus comprises a ring-shaped nozzle wherein a ring-shaped nozzle opening is defined between a nozzle cone piece and a nozzle opening piece. The apparatus further comprises a withdrawal device operative with respect to the ring-shaped nozzle, which withdrawal device is axially, reciprocally movable and has a recess. It is desired to enable production of different and/or novel configurations of the body parts of the hollow body. This is achieved by means for an additional mold device which is provided for an additional forming operation operative on the preform segment adjoining the head piece, which operation relates to the walls of the body part. The additional mold device provides an offset in the radial sense with respect to the ring-shaped nozzle opening.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a drawn heat-set plastic hollow vessel.

Abstract: An extrusion die for two-ply seamless plastic tubing, includes an extrusion head with a first nozzle provided with a first centering means; a first hollow mandrel placed within said nozzle; an elongate carrier bearing a second mandrel, a second nozzle and a spider in turn supporting a distributor splitting an extrudate. The first nozzle and the distributor define a first annular extrusion orifice for an outer parison of the tubing while the second nozzle and the second mandrel define a second annular extrusion orifice for the inner parison of the tubing. A threaded member longitudinally adjusts said carrier to vary the size of the first extrusion orifice. A coupling means interconnects the carrier and the first mandrel and allows only the axial, without rotation, movement of the carrier. A second centering means mounts the distributor uniformly spaced around the spider.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new injection stretching blow molding machine in which supporting of a base plate is made possible from both peripheral edge portion and central portion of the base plate merely by chaning the shape of a rotary disk, and the number of tie bars for a mold clamping device may be increased to execute high pressure mold clamping.

Abstract: The present invention provides an injection and blow molding machine which comprises a machine bed having five operating sections, i.e., an injection molding section, a temperature control section, a stretching and blow section, a secondary working and releasing section and a releasing section, a base plate mounted in a peripheral portion above and parallel to said machine bed, a rotary disk rotatably mounted on the under-surface of said base plate and having neck molds of the same number as that of the operating sections, and a drive means fixedly mounted on the central portion of the base plate to intermittently turn the rotary disk with respect to the respective operating sections. It is of course that between the rotary disk and the machine bed, there are provided an injection mold disposed movably up and down, a temperature control member, a blow mold and a mechanism for opening and closing the blow mold, which are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.

Abstract: The present invention provides an injection stretch blow molding apparatus in which a peripheral edge of a flat preform forms the edge or lip portion of a cup-like container. A securing or grip mold and a core mold are brought together to form the lip. The securing or grip mold is carried on the underside of a rotary transfer disk. The peripheral edge of the preform is sandwiched in between a shoulder formed at the lower end of a blow core and the securing or grip mold when stretch blow molding is performed, resulting in a cup-like container. The finished container is then removed upwardly from the securing or grip mold.

Abstract: This invention discloses an injection blow molding machine comprising a circular rotary disk rotatably mounted on the underside of a base plate, the rotary disk being connected to an intermittently rotating and driving device installed on the central portion of the base plate, the required number of hold molds also serving as a mold for molding a mouth portion of a container being molded, the hold molds being provided at regular intervals on the undersurface of the rotary disk, a clamping device for an injection mold and a clamping device for a blow mold provided at stop positions of the hold molds so that the clamping devices are located vertically above and below the base plate. The base plate holding the rotary disk is secured to the peripheral edge of the machine bed, and the interior of the machine bed is formed into a molding operating space.

Abstract: A temperature control blow molding equipment which has a temperature control mold and a blow mold on one seat body and which is used in an injection stretch blow molding machine comprising a disk-like moving plate intermittently rotatably disposed above a base disk, a plurality of neck molds provided at regular intervals under the carrying plate, and operation zones disposed at stop positions of the neck molds, the operation zones being necessary for a series of treatments from an injection molding of a parison to a removal of a molded article.

Abstract: Apparatus for stretching a parison or a preform which is formed by a blank and where the preform is preferably intended to be reshaped into a container. In accordance with the invention the wall of the blank is provided with two laterally displaced material regions. A mechanical moulding device reduces the material thickness in the material of the wall with commencement in the region thereof where the two material regions are laterally displaced relative to one another.Lateral displacement of the material regions and reduction by the moulding device of the material thickness are selected in order to allow, respectively achieve a reduction in thickness equivalent to that the thermoplastic material obtains when it is stretched so that material flow occurs. In one embodiment the lateral displacement is achieved by the moulding device.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a container from a tubular blank of polyethylene terephthalate or similar material, according to which a polyethylene terephthalate blank is stretched at least approximately 3-fold to produce a preform (20). In an axial section through the preform, the contour length substantially corresponds to the contour length in an axial section through the final container. The preform (20) is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (TG) and is converted to the container (21) in a blow mold (12). In doing so, the contour length of the material is maintained through successive reduction of the axial length of the body (23) which the preform constitutes during the conversion to the container. In order to achieve this, the base portion of the blow mold (11) is moved towards the orifice (22) of the final container.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for straightening a parison tube (58b) in an apparatus of the type in which thermoplastic tubing (48) is extruded into open halves (24 and 26) of a blow mold (22) and a parison tube (58b) is severed from the thermoplastic tube (48) concurrently with the blow mold being rotated around an axis (28). The present invention orients the curvature of the parison (58b) in a predetermined plane (52) by accelerating the parison tube (58b) transversely to the axis (90) of the parison tube (58b); and then the parison tube (58b) is straightened by applying jets of air (76) against the neck and moil portion (68) of the parison tube (58b), thereby straightening the parison tube (58b), and thereby preventing the neck and moil portion (68) of the parison tube (58b) from being pinched between the mold halves (24 and 26) in the area of the neck and moil cavity (38).

Abstract: A core rod assembly for injection blow molding machines comprising a plurality of hollow core rods each of which has a closed end and an open end which is threaded on a core rod spool that is telescopically received in a core rod body such that the core rod and core rod spool has limited longitudinal movement relative to the core rod body for the purpose of permitting blow air to be provided for blowing a parison on the core rod. A tube extends through an opening in each core rod spool and the opening core rod and the spool has laterally extending passages communicating with the exterior of the spool. The passages are connected to spaced passages of a manifold by bellows type adaptors such that temperature control fluid such as liquid or air can be circulated through the tube and thereafter about the tube to cool the core rod.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing hollow bodies from thermoplastic material by making hollow body-shaped preforms provided with opening nipples, which during a subsequent processing operation are reduced to the final shape after converting at least a part of their wall into deformable condition, whereby the forming-out takes place in at least two stages.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an injection stretching blow molding machine comprising a base secured onto a machine bed, a top plate positioned above said base and connected to said base by means of a plurality of tie rods in the peripheral edge, a movable plate slidably inserted through said tie rod and disposed movably up and down between the base and the top plate, a clamping plate above the movable plate, a transfer plate at the undersurface of said movable plate and rotable at predetermined intervals by a drive device provided in the central portion above the movable plate, the required number of hold molds consisting of split molds mounted on the undersurface of the transfer plate, said hold molds being opened and closed in a radial direction, an injection cavity and a blow cavity on the base closed in connection with said hold molds, an injection core and a blow core mounted at the lower side of said clamping plate and closed in connection with the hold molds from openings

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing molecularly oriented plastics pipes includes a tubular mould of transverse dimensions equal to those of the pipe to be produced and equipped with a device for admitting a fluid under pressure into a region intended to receive the pipe section to be expanded, a member for closing and grasping one end of the pipe section of a tubular sleeve which opens into the mould by an end away from the closing and grasping member and the transverse dimensions of which correspond to those of the pipe section and a means for causing a controlled relative axial displacement of the sleeve in relation to the closing and grasping member in which the open end of the sleeve is equipped with an annular plunger incorporating a surface of a frustoconical shape extending towards the inner wall of the mould and widened out in a direction away from the closing and grasping member.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved hand-over-hand blow molding machine and the method for forming a chain of hollow, shaped article bodies of biaxially oriented, normally highly crystalline thermoplastic material from a tube of said material in substantially unoriented condition, but at an orientation temperature. The machine and method are characterized by an additional blow mold in tandem with one of the blow molds of the prior art two mold machine and method. The machine is operated so that each longitudinally stretched portion of the tube on which the mold pieces of each blow mold closes has substantially the same extent of longitudinal stretch or elongation. This is done by arresting the travel of the tube into the machine according to the distance of travel of the blow mold pulling it into the machine.

Abstract: A method of forming a preform having crystallized thermoplastic material from a blank of orientable thermoplastic material, such as polyethylene terephthalate, which comprises laterally displacing first and second regions of a blank, preferably tubular, of orientable thermoplastic material to form an intermediate region between the displaced regions having outer surfaces facing in opposite directions. Pressure is applied to the outer surfaces of the intermediate region to relatively displace these outer surfaces longitudinally of the blank while concurrently reducing the thickness of one of the first and second regions to the value of the thickness that the material would obtain if freely stretched to flow to achieve crystallization of the material in the aforesaid one region. The material in the one region, during the reduction of thickness thereof flowing from the orientable material thereof to a transition zone to form the one region which is reduced in thickness and is elongated in length.

Abstract: A reheating and blow molding system utilizing an indexing plate having pairs of core pins mounted on the periphery. Radiant heaters heat parisons mounted on the core pin to a temperature suitable for blow molding while the parisons are rotated in response to movement of a spin belt. Rotation of the parisons during heating provides greater uniformity of heating. Tapered shanks remove the core pins from core pin holders and dispose the parisons in a mold for blow molding. The core pins are then disposed in the core pin holders and indexed to a subsequent indexing location where the finished article is removed.

Abstract: A method and a device for production of a temperature-stable, biaxially oriented container of thermoplastic material. In a first moulding stage a blank (40) is placed in a blow mould (12) after which a mandrel (15) extends the blank in its axial direction to a length exceeding the axial length of the future container. The length of the stretched material, in an axial section through the stretched blank, is then reduced at a predetermined temperature, and the reduction being made to a profile length substantially agreeing with the profile length for corresponding material portions in an axial section through the future container. In a second moulding stage the stretched blank is expanded to abut against the walls of the mould. The expansion takes place at a point in time for and/or at a speed allowing the reduction of the length of the stretched material, due to shrinkage to have time to be concluded before the material comes into contact with the walls of the mould.

Abstract: The heated end of a parison is brought into a finish mold form to shape a finish profile suitable for setting up a closure. The parison is axially stretched by a stretch pin to pull out the heated plastic material adjacent the profile to a thinner cross section. This allows to obtain a considerable saving of weight of the plastic material.

Abstract: A method of producing a container of polyethylene terephthalate or similar thermoplastic material from a tubular blank of amorphous material. A mechanical forming element moves a transitional zone between amorphous (thicker) material and thinner oriented material stretched to flow during simultaneous elongation of the blank in the direction of movement of the transitional zone. The stretched and oriented material is heated to a temperature higher than the temperature of the material immediately before stretching. As a result, the internal stresses produced in the material during earlier stretching are relieved. Heating causes the length of the material in the direction of stretching also to be reduced. Each subsequent forming stage for shaping the container takes place at a temperature lower than the temperature at the immediately preceding forming stage.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the blow molding of oriented, hollow containers from tubular parisons in which a tubing of plastic material at a suitable orientation temperature for the material is passed by a puller assembly to a cutter assembly. The free end of the tubing is grasped by a parison transfer assembly, after which parisons are cut from the tubing by the cutter assembly and positioned by the transfer assembly for placement within blow molders. The first of two blow molders moves toward the tubing centerline from a molding position to receive a parison. The parison transfer assembly is extended vertically to place the parison within the molding cavity of the open blow molder. The upper end of the parison is grasped by a tube clamp, and as the parison transfer assembly retracts, the parison is stretched prior to molder closure. The closed blow molder returns to its molding position to complete the blow molding of a finished, oriented container.

Abstract: An apparatus for biaxial-blow-molding a hollow bottle-shaped container of a synthetic resin which has a bottom mold having an upper surface becoming the bottom mold surface of the bottle-shaped container and a cylinder chamber formed therein, a bottom protruding pin having an upper end face forming part of the bottom mold surface of the bottom mold and a piston portion formed at the bottom end thereof and telescopically moved back and forth in the cylinder chamber of the bottom mold, and an elastic member disposed in the cylinder chamber of the bottom mold for urging the bottom protruding pin forwardly when the member is contacted with the piston portion of the bottom protruding pin in such a manner that the tension of the member is weaker than the pressure of compressed air to be blown into the molds. This apparatus is operated by a method of biaxial-blow-molding the hollow bottle-shaped container of a synthetic resin of the invention.

Abstract: A method for producing a container from a tubular blank of polyethylene terephthalate or similar material, according to which a polyethylene terephthalate blank is stretched at least approximately 3-fold to produce a preform (20). In an axial section through the preform, the contour length substantially corresponds to the contour length in an axial section through the final container. The preform (20) is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (TG) and is converted to the container (21) in a blow mold (12). In doing so, the contour length of the material is maintained through successive reduction of the axial length of the body (23) which the preform constitutes during the conversion to the container. In order to achieve this, the base portion of the blow mold (11) is moved towards the orifice (22) of the final container.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a tubular premoulding of a thermoplastic material, suitable for subsequent shaping to form containers by a rolling process. The material in a part of a tube is axially oriented as a result of reducing the wall thickness by applying an external pressure which causes the material to flow. The oriented material is moulded by a blow-moulding process into future mouth parts and parts of adjacent neck sections, preferably from two blank parts, joined to one another, of pre-mouldings, the blank parts in the transition between the two mouth parts being severed in order to form two separate blank parts, so that, after closing one end and, if necessary, reworking in order to obtain the requisite closing faces at the other end, the two blank parts each form a tubular pre-moulding.