Abstract: Nanoparticles of a material less than about 100 nm in diameter are made by evaporating the material in an evaporation chamber residing in an entrainment chamber having a gaseous atmosphere therein. The evaporator is disposed in but isolated from the entrainment chamber, except for a gaseous jet discharge opening. A carrier gas is introduced to the evaporation chamber to carry vapor of the material in the evaporation chamber through the discharge opening into the entrainment chamber as a gaseous jet. The gaseous jet entrains the gaseous atmosphere for quenching the vapor to form nanoparticles. Solid material is supplied at a feedrate to a supply opening of the evaporation chamber, melted at an end region remote from the supply opening, and evaporated at the end region at an evaporation rate equal to the feed rate of the solid material.

Abstract: Granular material is produced by discharging a viscous material from a vessel and onto a support surface on which the material solidifies. The vessel has first openings through which the material flows, and a belt travels across lower ends of the first openings, whereupon second openings of the belt periodically come into alignment with the first openings to permit a downward flow of the material. The belt comprises a plurality of links having long and short sides, with the long sides arranged parallel to one another and perpendicular to the direction of belt travel. Mutually facing long sides of adjacent links have undercut grooves which receive an elastic connector in the form of a pair of parallel rods received in the recesses and interconnected by springs.

Abstract: A mechanism for making granulated material from a viscous substance includes a vessel charged with the substance and having a discharge opening arrangement for discharging the substance onto a cooling surface. A belt travels across the vessel, the belt having openings arranged to periodically come into alignment with the discharge opening arrangement to allow the substance to fall onto the cooling surface. The discharge opening arrangement comprises a plurality of rows of discharge openings. Each row extends transversely of the longitudinal direction of belt travel, and the rows are spaced apart in that longitudinal direction. The vessel openings of each row are offset in the transverse direction with respect to the vessel openings of other rows. A collection arrangement collects residual substance falling from the belt and returns the substance onto the belt at a location upstream of the vessel.

Abstract: A granulation water control apparatus for a granulating machine used in a granular fertilizer production process and its granulation water control method. A particle size weight distribution of a semi-fabricated fertilizer discharged from the granulating machine is calculated, and a central particle size of the particle size weight distribution is calculated. The calculated central particle size and a previously set target central particle size are compared, and if they do not agree, a quantity of the granulation water to be charged into the granulating machine is calculated in accordance with a difference between the calculated central particle size and the target central particle size and the past statistical data.

Abstract: A molten substance is consolidated by being deposited onto a cooling belt which conveys the substance through a space formed between the belt and an overhead hood. The formation of exhaust dust from the substance is minimized by controlling heaters in the hood to vary the temperature along the space such that the saturation pressure in the space closely matches the vapor pressure of the substance as the substance travels through the space. Also, the hood is placed close to the cooling belt to minimize the velocity of vapors emitted from the substance within the space.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparation of a layered food product has two conveyor belts, wherein a first conveyor belt is positioned beneath a second conveyor belt, and has a first guide for guiding a plurality of strips of a food material so that one strip is guided onto the first conveyor belt and another strip is guided to the second conveyor belt for transport by the conveyor belts. The conveyor belts extend so that the second conveyor belt has an end positioned above the first conveyor belt at a position between the ends of the first conveyor belt, and a product-forming strip guide is positioned to guide a strip delivered from the end of the second conveyor belt for deposit onto a strip transported on the first conveyor belt for forming a layered food product.

Abstract: A nozzle for an electric dispersion reactor includes two coaxial cylindrical bodies, the inner one of the two delivering disperse phase fluid into a continuous phase fluid. A potential difference generated by a voltage source creates a dispersing electric field at the end of the inner electrode.

Abstract: A process and device are disclosed for producing microspheres by vibration-provoked dripping of a liquid through a nozzle plate (12) provided with several openings (14). In order to be able to produce spheres having up to 5 mm size, the same amount of liquid per unit of time drips through each opening (14) of the nozzle plate (12). The falling drops (18) form an envelope surrounded from all sides by flowing reaction gas. The reaction gas is introduced inside or outside the envelope and sucked away inside or outside the envelope.

Abstract: A fluent ceramic material is provided under pressure to a plurality of piston and cylinder devices for the purpose of dispensing drops to form balls of ceramic material. The piston and cylinder devices are each provided with a nozzle positioned above a droplet catch basin containing an aqueous gelatinizing solution. A cam mechanism controls the stroke of a piston in each cylinder so that a specific amount of the fluent ceramic material from the storage tank is dispensed in drops from the nozzles into the droplet catch basin. The use of the cam mechanism ensures the dispensing of a specific amount of material from the nozzle corresponding to a desired diameter of the resulting ceramic material ball. The desired diameter can be easily changed by appropriately changing a cam disk of the cam mechanism. The rate of production can be appropriately increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the cyclic rate of the pistons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for recovering polymer particles from a solution of polymer by evaporating the solvent from the solution by successively treating the solution into a first agitated vessel and treating the resulting polymer into a second agitated vessel. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for performing the aforesaid process for recovering polymer particles.

Abstract: Proposed is a process for the production of spherical alginate pellets from drops of alginate solution delivered by a nozzle, the drops being solidified by dropping them into an ionic solution and subsequently removing the pellets and rinsing them. The alginate solution is converted into drops by vibrational stimuli, and the drops subsequently allowed to remain substantially free in the ionic solution until the required degree of solidification has been reached.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for generating seed particles. In one technique, a spray of water droplets is discharged to intersect a spray of liquid sulphur droplets to effect contact between some of the sulphur droplets and water droplets. The cooling sulphur droplets form seed particles. In another technique, water is sprayed into dispersed sulphur granules moving through a processing region. Subsequently, as the water is evaporating from the granules, liquid sulphur is sprayed onto the granules. Some of the liquid sulphur droplets impinge upon the water film-coated granules and solidify to form new seed particles which become detached from the granules. In another technique, a stream of liquid sulphur is discharged under pressure into a receiving region. A plurality of jets of atomizing fluid are injected into the stream to form a spreading spray of liquid sulphur droplets which solidify into seed particles.

Abstract: A drop former includes an outer rotary steel body having circumferentially spaced openings which successively reach a lower discharge position to enable viscous material to drop onto a cooling conveyor from within the outer body. An inner steel body, which can be stationary or rotating, is situated within the outer body to direct viscous material to the openings as the openings reach the discharge portion. An electrical inductive heating coil is situated adjacent one or both of the bodies to inductively heat the body, avoiding excessive heating of the viscous material.

Abstract: The present invention is a unique process and apparatus for making a new matrix material called a shearform matrix which results in transformation of the morphology of a feedstock. The process is characterized by increasing the temperature of a nonsolubilized feedstock carrier to a point where it will undergo internal flow, followed by ejecting a stream of the feedstock and then subjecting it to disruptive fluid shear force which separates it into separate parts or masses which have a transformed morphology. The shearform matrix may include other ingredients such as oleaginous material and actives.

Abstract: In a device for producing granules or tablets from fluid materials, the material is fed to the press-slot between a rotative hollow cylinder with an inner toothing and a press-cylinder with an outer toothing that engages the inner toothing. Bores extend from the bottom of the teeth of the inner toothing of the hollow cylinder up to its outer side. The material is pressed through these bores when the hollow cylinder engages the press-cylinder and is laid as tablets or granules on a cooling surface. At least one part of the outer circumference of the hollow cylinder remote from the cooling surface is surrounded by a heating shell. Outside the heating shell and spaced apart from it is arranged another shell in such a way that, between the heating shell and the other shell, a waste gas shaft is formed in communication with a suction nozzle for withdrawing the gases that emanate from the deposited material as it cools.

Abstract: A phenytoin derivative represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ph denotes a phenyl group,X denotes --O--, --NH-- or --CH.sub.2 --,Y denotes --CO-- or --CH.sub.2 --,Z denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group,M denotes a salt-forming cation, andm and n are each an integer of 0 to 8 and m+n is at least 2.Said compound is useful to produce a phenytoin-labelled DNA or RNA probe. When using such a probe, DNA or RNA in the specimen can be detected with high sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention describes the formation of RecA protein catalyzed double-stranded probe:duplex linear target DNA complexes that are stable to deproteinization. The uses of this stable probe:target complex in diagnostic/DNA detection systems in in vitro and in situ DNA hybridization reactions is discussed. The probe:target complexes are also useful for diagnostic application in RecA protein facilitated DNA amplification reactions.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating hemispherically bichromal balls, comprising a separator member having opposing first and second surfaces located and an edge region in contact with both surfaces, and delivery means for flowing first and second colored hardenable liquid material over the first and second surfaces, respectively, so that the liquid materials arrive at the edge at substantially the same flow rate and form a reservoir outboard of the edge region. The reservoir comprises side-by-side regions of different colors which do not intermix. Further means is provided for propelling the first and second liquid materials away from the separator member and out of the reservoir into a fluid medium as a plurality of side-by-side bichromal streams whose forward ends become unstable and break up into droplets which form into spherical balls, each of the balls comprising hemispheres of differently colored hardenable liquid, and means for collecting the bichromal balls.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of a net form product, including directing a stream of liquid from a nozzle onto a collector of the shape of the desired product, applying a disturbance to the stream, preferably an amplitude modulated disturbance, to produce a droplet stream, and with the nozzle and collector in a chamber, controlling the chamber environment. An apparatus for manufacturing a net form product having a source of molten material under pressure, a support for positioning a product collector in a chamber with the collector defining a desired product, a droplet stream generator positioned within the chamber and including a nozzle, a conduit for conducting molten material from the material source to the generator nozzle, a mechanism, typically a modulator, for disturbing the droplet stream, and a drive mechanism for relative movement of the nozzle and support.

Abstract: Molded particles of cysteamine hydrochloride obtained by preparing cysteamine hydrochloride powder having a water content of not more than 1% by weight and compression molding said cysteamine hydrochloride under a pressure of not less than 50 atmospheres, and granules of cysteamine hydrochloride obtained by cooling and solidifying a molten cysteamine hydrochloride, and manufacture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a spheroidal particulate inorganic material of an inorganic particulate material such as spheroidal cement or slag whose respective particles are of a substantially spheroidal shape and have smooth surfaces having improved flowability and filling properties. The spheroidal particulate material is produced by subjecting the respective particles of the particulate inorganic material to a high temperature flame treatment and rapid cooling in air, or by dispersing fine particles of the inorganic material and an organic or inorganic binder in a non-aqueous solvent to form a slurry and granulating the slurry. Compositions containing the spheroidal particulate inorganic material are used in civil engineering works and construction.

Abstract: Device and process for fast cooling and solidifying of molten materials with a metal oxide base. The device comprises two metal cylinders with parallel axes, which rotate in opposite directions and are cooled. The metal cylinders exhibit a corrugated surface, and an elevation on the surface of one cylinder in each case engages in the recess of the surface of the other cylinder with formation of a gap. The melt is poured into the gap, drawn by force and simultaneously cooled under pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for producing granules or pastils from a flowable material of varying viscosity wherein material is supplied to a pressing nip between a rotating hollow roll (1) having internal teeth and an externally toothed ejection roll (2) in engagement with said hollow roll. Provided in the hollow roll (1) are bores (5) which extend from the respective teeth bottoms of the internal toothing to the outer side of the hollow roll (1) and through which the material is expelled on engagement of the ejection roll (2) and deposited in the form of pastils or granules on a cooling surface (13). On the outer periphery of the hollow roll (1) a jacket tube (3) may be positioned the jacket tube having bores which align with the bores (5) of the hollow roll (1), the jacket bores also having a reduced cross-section compared with the bores of the hollow roll to permit adaption of the apparatus to the viscosity of the flowable material to be processed.

Abstract: An ultrasonic device for the continuous production of microdroplets of uniform particle size distribution. This device comprises a vibrating surface (11) which, by its orthogonal ultrasonic vibratory mode, atomizes a material in the liquid state brought up from the interior of the device by means (20,22,24) comprising an intermediate flow-regulating and/or heat-regulating chamber (22) subjacent the vibrating surface (11).

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrochemical power cell comprised of an anode member and cathode member mounted via an intermediate non-porous dielectric layer having a volume resistivity of at least 1000 ohm..times.cm. therebetween to permit electrolytic contact to be established through the bulk electrolyte.

Abstract: An apparatus for pulverizing as least a jet of liquid material, preferrably olten metal. The pulverizing capacity is increased by disposing a plurality of ultrasonic actuators to generate a superimposed ultrasonic field having a very high energy density in at least one nodal area. The liquid material is pulverized in a pressurized gaseous fluid to induce an increased energy transfer for the ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing metal shot includes pans having rows of apertures in the bottom walls thereof, a deflector member for each row of openings vertically underlying the corresponding row of openings and having a planar surface disposed at an angle to horizontal, and an inclined conveyor spaced below the deflector members. The pans and the deflector members and conveyor are vibrated, and the deflector members are cooled. Molten metal is placed in the pans, and vibration of the pans causes the molten metal flow downwardly through the openings therein to be interrupted, whereby droplets fall from the openings onto the corresponding deflector member. The descent of the droplets through air and the impingement of the droplets on the cooled deflector members cool and solidify the droplets. The droplets are somewhat flattened by impingement against the deflector members and are deflected laterally therefrom and fall downwardly onto the conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an array of extruded filaments combines an extrusion head having an opening, a movable body having an array of a plurality of apertures aligned with the opening for forming an array of filaments of material extruded through the opening and the apertures, and a support positioned for receiving the extruded array of filaments. The apertured body is moved continuously beneath the extrusion head opening so that a plurality of apertures are positioned simultaneously underneath the opening and in contact with the extruded material and an array of filaments is continuously formed. Relative motion of the support with respect to arrays of filaments forms a lattice structure of superimposed arrays.

Abstract: A process for producing fine powder, which includes entraining a starting powder material in a carrier gas, injecting the starting powder material using the carrier gas into a high temperature jet to form a high velocity stream of molten droplets, fragmenting the resulting high velocity molten droplets by impacting against a substrate wherein the temperature of the substrate is above the melting point of the powder material, to form smaller droplets, and allowing the resulting fragmented smaller droplets to spheroidize and solidify in flight.

Abstract: Sulphur is obtained to the desired granulation and at the same time cooled by means of a directed hollow cylindrical jet of melted sulfur, on either side of which, i.e., both inside and outside the cylinder of molten sulfur, there are two jets of cold water, the jets being directed onto a disk which is able to turn freely. The jets of water and sulfur strike the disk between the middle of the disk and its outer edge and make it turn, while at the same time the sulfur hardens into granules. The turning spins the granules off the disk. The fact that there are two jets of water leads to a better particle size of the sulfur and, because there is a better contact between the water and the sulfur, prevents any hardening of the sulfur upon the disk.

Abstract: A method for producing particles of polymeric material by extruding hot, sticky material in a plastic state through orifices in a die plate. The extruded plastic material is cut into crumb upon exit from the orifices by a high velocity gas stream, suitably air, and the particles conveyed away from the die face. The air supply is coupled to a cutting chamber for providing the stream of air across the face of the die plate to cut and convey the crumb away from the orifices. The cutting chamber is arranged to include a restricted throat having an exit area in close proximity to the orifices and a further portion for providing an accumulation zone adjacent the orifices, the accumulation zone having a cross-sectional area which increases from the exit area of the throat to a product discharge zone remote from the orifices in a downstream direction.

Abstract: A method is described for forming hollow particles, or shells, of extremely small size. The shell material is heated to a molten temperature in the presence of a gas that is at least moderately soluble in the shell material, to form a solution of the molten shell material and the soluble gas. The solution is atomized to form a multiplicity of separate droplets that are cooled while in free fall. Cooling of a droplet from the outside traps the dissolved gas and forces it to form a gas bubble at the center of the droplet which now forms a gas-filled shell. The shell is reheated and then cooled in free fall, in an environment having a lower pressure than the gas pressure in the shell. This causes expansion of the shell, to form a shell having a small wall thickness compared to its diameter.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming rare-earth magnets and magnet precursors of fine particle sized metal alloy powders with a high degree of metal to metal intimacy and homogeneity in the particle to particle metal composition. Salts of the desired metals which may include or be selected from zirconium, samarium, iron, cobalt, copper, neodymium and boron with nitric acid in a water based solution are atomized through a nozzle, which may be ultrasonic, into fine mist droplets form metal oxide particles which condense through a heated, atmospheric environment furnace. The furnace temperature is in a range of 600.degree. to 1150.degree. C. and causes decompositon of the metal salts along with their oxidation, driving off the liquid and nitrogen components along with other carrier materials. A very fine sized powder, typically micron dimension size powder of metal oxides, in which each particle represents a homogeneous proportion of the desired metal components, is collected in the bottom of the furnace.

Abstract: Apparatus for the manufacture of individual small lenses, which may have gradient indices of refraction. The apparatus includes a pedestal having a conduit therein and an end surface the perimeter of which may be circular or elliptical. The perimeter is defined by a sharp edge. The pedestal is supported with the end surface horizontal and facing downwards. The intersection of the conduit and the surface, also defined by a sharp edge, forms an orifice through which at least one of the liquid monomers for forming the lens is fed. Gradient index small lenses are formed by suspending a first monomer from the horizontal end surface of the pedestal and then, via the orifice, introducing the second monomer at a rate which equals the rate of inter-diffusion of the second monomer into the first monomer. Alternatively, both monomers are both fed, in mixed condition, through the orifice in continuously varying proportions. The monomer(s) are cured in the pendant condition.

Abstract: Electrostatic spinning method for producing tubular fibrous structures from fiberizable material wherein the fiberizable material is collected on an electrostatically charged mandrel wherein the fiberizable material takes different paths from the source to the mandrel to produce a structure of smaller diameter fibers randomly oriented, larger diameter fibers and/or bundles of fibers circumferentially oriented and elongated voids circumferentially oriented.

Abstract: Flakes of glass, basalt or other frangible material are formed by feeding a stream of the molten material in a downwards direction into a rotating cup (5) which has its open mouth facing upwardly with its rim disposed at a horizontal level between a pair of spaced apart parallel plates (9 and 11) which are mounted within a vacuum chamber (13) in such manner that, as air is drawn from outside the chamber (13) between the plates (9 and 11) the molten material is drawn radially outwardly without touching the plates and is cooled with the continuing outward movement causing the material to be broken into flakes.

Abstract: Pastilles are formed by passing small quantities of a viscous material through small openings and onto a moving conveyor surface located therebeneath. The viscous material is contacted by the conveyor surface after the material protrudes from the openings, but before the material becomes sufficiently large to break free and fall. Instead, the conveyor surface forcefully extracts the material from the openings, thereby resulting in the formation of pastilles which are of smaller size than would have been the case had the material been allowed to break free and fall on its own accord.

Abstract: An enclosure for slag pelletizers, and a method of operating such an enclosure, that minimizes the escape into the ambient atmosphere of airborne fibres produced by the pelletization process, while permitting the necessary free passage of the steam and gases that are also produced. The enclosure roof consists of at least one layer of wire mesh and a system of overlapping baffles is provided beneath the roof at least above the pelletizer to intercept the particulate material, so that the pellets do not disrupt a blanket of the fibre which is allowed to accumulate on the wire mesh to facilitate removal of the remainder of the fibre from the air stream. The method allows the deposition of an effective blanket, while preventing the deposition of too much fibre, so that the gas stream is diverted and flows out of the open end of the enclosure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shotting apparatus which comprises a chamber for containing a molten material and a plate with a plurality of orifices through which the molten material can pass to form droplets, wherein the molten material in the chamber first contacts the top surface of the plate and wherein the bottom surface of the plate contains protrusions through which the orifices extend, the length of each protrusion being at least 50 percent of the total length of the orifice passing through the protrusion, wherein the apparatus is of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide and an alloy comprising nickel in an amount of from about 50 to about 70 percent by weight, molybdenum in an amount of from about 11 to about 22 percent by weight, chromium in an amount of from about 11 to about 22 percent by weight, iron in an amount of from 0 to about 10 percent by weight, tungsten in an amount of from 0 to about 10 percent by weight, manganese in an amount of from 0 to about 1 percent weight, and silico

Abstract: Device which serves to atomize a solid or liquid medium with the aid of a standing ultrasonic wave that is generated between two ultrasonic transmitters. This allows one to tune the standing ultrasonic wave automatically when the temperature of the medium or other process parameters should change.

Abstract: Monodisperse, polymeric microspheres are formed by injecting uniformly shaped droplets of radiation polymerizable monomers, preferably a biocompatible monomer, having covalent binding sites such as hydroxyethylmethacrylate, into a zone, impressing a like charge on the droplet so that they mutually repel each other, spheroidizing the droplets within the zone and collecting the droplets in a pool of cryogenic liquid. As the droplets enter the liquid, they freeze into solid, glassy microspheres, which vaporizes a portion of the cryogenic liquid to form a layer. The like-charged microspheres, suspended within the layer, move to the edge of the vessel holding the pool, are discharged, fall and are collected. The collected microspheres are irradiated while frozen in the cryogenic liquid to form latent free radicals. The frozen microspheres are then slowly thawed to activate the free radicals which polymerize the monomer to form evenly-sized, evenly-shaped, monodisperse polymeric microspheres.

Abstract: A method and a device for manufacturing a powder of amorphous ceramic or metallic particles in a high pressure autoclave. The substance in the liquid state is pressed out of a nozzle (7) upwards in vertical direction. An acoustic levitation field acts on the area in front of the nozzle orifice (12) and an inert cooling gas is made to flow turbulently in this area so that the droplets sprayed out of the nozzle are rapidly cooled and get solidified to grains. The powder can be directly machined by pressing and sintering into objects of the desired shape.

Abstract: Hollow shells of high uniformity are formed by emitting liquid through an outer nozzle and gas through an inner nozzle, to form a hollow extrusion, by flowing the gas at a velocity between about 1.3 and 10 times the liquid velocity. The natural breakup rate of the extrusion can be increased to decrease shell size by applying periodic perturbations to one of the materials prior to exiting the nozzles, to a nozzle, or to the extrusion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing discrete solid particles of hydrocarbonaceous material, such as asphaltenes, in relatively dustless form includes heating the hydrocarbonaceous material, solid at standard conditions of temperature and pressure, to maintain the hydrocarbonaceous material in liquid form, and flowing the liquid hydrocarbonaceous material by gravity as an elongated annular stream into a reservoir of cooling liquid, such as cooling water, to solidify and shatter the annular stream into discrete solid particles in relatively dustless form. The apparatus includes a hopper for collecting a mass of heated liquid hydrocarbonaceous material; a heating source for heating the hydrocarbonaceous material to maintain it in liquid form; and flow channels operatively connected to the hopper at an upper level of the liquid hydrocarbonaceous material for flowing the liquid hydrocarbonaceous material in an elongated annular stream through the flow channel and into the reservoir of cooling water.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the formation of polymer fibrids. These fibrids are produced by the mixing of superheated water and melted polymer and by passing this mixture through a bank of capillary tubes. The mixture becomes elongated in the capillary tubes and exits those tubes through a nozzle into an expansion chamber where they form fibrids. The fibrids are cooled by the evaporation of liquid water after expansion.

Abstract: An apparatus for granulating metallurgical melt, including a granulator (1) having a water supply (13), a trough (2) for supplying metallurgical melt thereto, and a rotary driven drum (3) having blades (6). A water tank (11) having an overflow device (12) is disposed under the drum (3). The granulator (1) and trough (2) are disposed in the interior of the drum (3), the lower part of the drum being disposed in the tank (11) below the overflow device (12), The apparatus is provided with a trough (22) for discharging granules from the drum (3).

Abstract: In a fluidized-bed granulating apparatus for continuously producing granular particles from a powdered raw material, while a granulated product is continuously exhausted in a substantially constant amount from the bottom or bottom side wall of a fluidizing chamber and is introduced into a classifying section where the granulated product is classified by classifying means thereby selecting and delivering the granules granulated to particle size greater than the desired size and returning ungranulated material to the fluidizing chamber, the pressure drop of the fluidized bed is detected to adjust the charging rate of the powdered raw material into the fluidized bed and the moisture content of the material to be granulated in the bed is detected to adjust the feed rate of a binding liquid, thereby producing a granulated product of a desired particle size.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly in a multi-element spherical shell generation system includes first and second side-by-side spaced apart nozzles and a web portion extending between and connecting the nozzles. The first nozzle has an inner orifice adapted to discharge a first filler material and an outer annular orifice separated from and defined in concentric relation about the inner orifice and adapted to discharge a first shell material. The second nozzle has an inner orifice adapted to discharge a second filler material and an outer annular orifice separated from and defined in concentric relation about the inner orifice and adapted to discharge a second shell material.

Abstract: A spherulizing furnace for manufacturing vitreous beads, including a chamber; means for heating the chamber; feed means for delivering a particulate feedstock to one end of the chamber; and means for collecting vitreous beads from another end of the chamber, wherein the chamber includes a pair of opposed walls which are spaced apart by a distance less than their breadth and which are angled to the horizontal so that the chamber has an upper end and a lower end, the feed means is arranged to deliver feedstock to the upper end of the chamber so that the feedstock can pass through the chamber under gravity, and the means for heating the chamber is arranged to heat at least one wall of the pair of opposed walls so that feedstock passing between the pair of opposed walls is heated by radiant heat.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of efficiently and stably manufacturing a high-purity metal powder of a desired particle size, which is used for powder metallurgy or the like, by generating arc 18 between electrodes 12 and 13 to melt the distal end portions of the electrodes, causing droplets 19 of the molten metal to drop onto rotating disk 14, scattering the dropped droplets by a centrifugal force, thereby cooling the droplets, and an apparatus for the same.