Abstract: In an apparatus for making two-component fibers, a polymer which is supplied laterally with respect to a further polymer and a die, is at first distributed inside cross-channels provided in a pre-die, and then being redirected, through holes in the extruding direction. The channels operate to rearrange the polymeric mass with the new distribution above the die, so as to eliminate possible discontinuities of the values of the chemical-physical parameters of this mass and which are due to the direction variation the mass is subjected to as it is switched from the side channels to the cross channels. Thus, a constant value of the mentioned parameters through the polymer mass being supplied to the extruder is assured.

Abstract: Spinnerets are used to make synthetic fibers having the unique property of spontaneously transporting water on their surface. The synthetic fibers satisfy the equation(1-X cos .theta..sub.a)<0,wherein.theta..sub.a is the advancing contact angle of water measured on a flat film made from the same material as the fiber and having the same surface treatment, if any,X is a shape factor of the fiber cross-section that satisfies the following equation ##EQU1## wherein P.sub.w is the wetted perimeter of the fiber and r is the radius of the circumscribed circle circumscribing the fiber cross-section and D is the minor axis dimension across the fiber cross-section, and wherein the uphill flux value of said fiber is from 2 to 60 cc/g/hr when measured from a reservoir of synthetic urine test fluid along a 20 cm long ramp to an absorbent on an attached platform at 10 cm height.

Abstract: In a method for producing hollow mineral fibers such as glass fibers, molten glass is supplied to a rotating glass spinner having a peripheral wall. The spinner rotates so that molten glass is centrifuged through a first tube positioned at least mostly inside the peripheral wall of the spinner in an orifice to form fibers. Gas is introduced into the interior of the molten glass to form hollow glass fibers. A second tube positioned inside the first tube includes an inlet in the wall of the first tube, wherein the orifice and first tube are adapted to allow gas to be introduced through the inlet from outside the peripheral wall. The hollow glass fibers are then collected to form a product such as a mat.

Abstract: A fiber insulation product comprising hollow fibers. Each hollow fiber may be composed of at least two different thermoplastic insulating materials, such as glasses, having differing coefficients of thermal expansion, with each of the hollow fibers being an irregular-shape exhibiting a substantially uniform volume filling nature, and providing improved recovery and thermal conductivity abilities even in the absence of a binder material. An apparatus for making hollow fibers for such a product is also provided.

Abstract: In a method of and an apparatus for forming composite and other fibers, individual filaments from two or more sets of continuous primary filaments of two or more heat-softenable fiberizable materials are brought together lengthwise to form pairs of continuous primary filaments. The groupings of continuous primary filaments are fed into a high energy attenuation blast where the filaments are heated, attenuated and formed into composite or other staple fibers of the heat-softenable fiberizable materials. Preferably, the individual continuous primary filaments of the groupings of continuous primary filaments are fused, adhesively bonded or otherwise joined together, prior to being introduced into the high energy attenuation blast, to prevent the individual primary filaments of the groupings of continuous primary filaments from separating in the high energy attenuation blast.

Abstract: A combined filament type, melt-blow spinneret device can correspond to various kinds of microfine, combined filaments, and includes a spinning-resin-feeding plate 2 having respective resin-introducing grooves 7a, 7b for introducing two kinds of spinning resins A and B; a distributing plate 3 having distributing grooves 9a, 9b for respectively distributing the spinning resins A, B fed from the resin-introducing grooves of the resin-feeding plate 2; a nozzle plate 5 having a cavity 22 for receiving a separating plate 4 therein and a plurality of holes formed in a bottom interior surface of a downwardly-extending portion of the nozzle plate 5; a separating plate 4 received in the cavity 22 and attached to the second major surface of the distributing plate 3, the separating plate 4 including separation grooves 17a, 17b engraved from a side portion to a bottom portion thereof facing a plurality of holes 14 of the nozzle plate 5, for introducing the different spinning resins into the plurality of holes; and a clear

Abstract: Apparatus for making dual component fibers is provided and includes a spinner having a peripheral wall. The spinner includes orifices located on the exterior of the peripheral wall for centrifuging dual component fibers, with the spinner being divided into at least two compartments. The first and second molten thermoplastic materials are supplied to the spinner and directed into alternate ones of the compartments so that adjacent compartments contain different thermoplastic materials. Passages are located in each of the compartments through which the molten thermoplastic materials flow to the orifices on the peripheral wall of the spinner. At least some of the passages have branches which form a common inlet adjacent to the interior of the peripheral wall and which communicate with at least two different orifices on the peripheral wall of the spinner.

Abstract: A multi-hole tube extrusion die comprises a female mold die having a flat opening and a mandrel having comb-teeth-like molding portions arranged in the opening. A heated material is extruded between the female mold die opening and the comb-teeth-like molding portions of the mandrel to form a tube having a multi-plicity of holes. An interval between each of the comb-teeth-like molding portions at the opposite ends of the mandrel and the comb-teeth-like molding portion adjacent to the outermost comb-teeth-like molding portion is set to be smaller than an intervals between the female mold die opening and each of the outermost comb-teeth-like molding portions and to be larger than an interval between adjacent ones of the other comb-teeth-like molding portions. Additionally, the outermost comb-teeth-like molding portions are larger in width than the other comb-teeth-like molding portions.

Abstract: A distribution plate for use in a fiber-forming spin pack assembly has a thickness of from about 0.004 inches to about 0.060 inches. One or more flow channels are formed in at least one surface of the distribution plate. The flow channels are in the form of slots having a depth less than about 0.016 inches, not exceeding about 75% of the thickness of the distribution plate. There are also apertures through the thickness of the plate which connect to said slots.

Abstract: A spin pack for spinning synthetic fibers from two or more liquid polymer streams includes a supply for at least two discrete polymer streams without mixing with another discrete stream to the spin pack; a spinneret having extrusion orifices; and flow distribution plate sets. The flow distribution plate sets include at least one patterned plate having edges which define a substantially regular two-dimensional geometric shape, a substantially planar upstream surface, a substantially planar downstream surface and at least one flow distribution pattern stenciled therein by cutting through. For each patterned plate, at least one boundary plate stacked sealingly adjacent thereto and having edges which define a substantially regular geometric shape, a substantially planar upstream surface and a substantially planar downstream surface.

Abstract: A method for making dual-glass fibers includes supplying first and second molten glass to a rotating spinner having an orificed peripheral wall, where the first glass has a higher viscosity than that of the second glass, centrifuging the first and second glasses through the orifices as molten dual-glass streams, maintaining the dual-glass streams at a temperature sufficient to enable the second glass to flow around the first glass, and cooling the dual-glass streams to make dual-glass fibers.

Abstract: A spinneret device for side-by-side, conjugate melt-blow spinning can correspond to combinations of various heterogeneous polymers for conjugate spinning and is uniform in the conjugate state such as conjugate ratio between single fibers, the proportion of the peripheral percentage of both the components in the fiber cross-section, etc. and has fineness, a large nozzle plate width and a superior productivity. The device is composed mainly of a spinning resin-feeding plate; a distributing plate; a separating plate provided with confluent grooves of conjugate components engraved at the bottom part of the plate, corresponding in number to the spinning nozzles; a nozzle plate; and a plate for controlling the clearance for a gas. Even when the viscosity unevenness, spinning temperature unevenness, etc.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for making dual component fibers. The apparatus comprises a distributor, equipment for providing first and second thermoplastic materials to the distributor, a rotatable spinner and a rotation mechanism. The distributor has an outer casing and a divider cup fixedly positioned within the outer casing. The outer casing has first and second orifices extending through its peripheral wall. The divider cup defines with the outer casing first and second chambers for receiving first and second molten thermoplastic materials. The first orifices communicate with the first chamber and the second orifices communicate with the second chamber. The rotatable spinner includes first and second passages in its peripheral wall.

Abstract: Apparatus for making dual component fibers is provided and includes a spinner having a peripheral wall. The spinner includes orifices located on the peripheral wall thereof for centrifuging the dual component fibers, with the spinner being divided into a series of compartments by baffles positioned circumferentially around the interior of the peripheral wall. The baffles are positioned at an angle of from about 5.degree. to about 75.degree. from vertical, and most preferably about 45.degree. from vertical. The number of orifices on the spinner peripheral wall can thus be increased to increase the throughput of fibers from the spinner while still maintaining a minimum required spacing between orifices for the structural integrity of the spinner.

Abstract: Apparatus for making dual-component thermoplastic fibers, such as glass fibers, comprises a spinner having an orificed peripheral wall for centrifuging fibers from thermoplastic material, the spinner having vertically aligned compartments with first and second thermoplastic materials in alternate compartments, and a series of elongated orifices in the peripheral wall in communication with each of two adjacent compartments to enable centrifuging of both the first and second thermoplastic materials from a single orifice.

Abstract: The two-component extrusion head having a spinneret with high perforation density has a distribution unit for introducing a first component along a first direction and for introducing a second component along a second direction. The distribution unit introduces the two components with a preset distribution ratio between the two components in a transit region which is connected to a spinneret which has holes that extend along directions which are substantially parallel to the first direction and has a perforation density in excess of ten holes per square centimeter.

Abstract: A spin pack for spinning multiple components includes a distribution device which distributes mutually separated molten polymer streams to a spinneret so that each mutually separated molten polymer stream is accessible at each active spinneret backhole. Intermediate the spinneret and the distribution device, a selection assembly selects which, if any, mutually separated molten polymer stream flows into which backhole.

Abstract: A spinning apparatus for melt spinning thermoplastic multicomponent yarn is disclosed, in which a nozzle pack (22) is joined by bolts with a filter cup (13), with the entire unit being mounted by a thread (21) on a connecting plug (20) of the pump or distributor block (10). The nozzle pack (22) is adapted to produce bicomponent yarns, and the exchange of a single blending plate (37) allows the apparatus to produce different structures of bicomponent filaments. Such spinning apparatus enhance the flexibility of the synthetic fiber producer and reduce the cost for spare parts, since it is necessary to keep available only additional blending plates (37), but not entire nozzle packs (22).

Abstract: An apparatus for extruding a wide variety of plural-component and mixed monocomponent fiber configurations in a spin pack utilizes one or more disposable distributor plates in which distribution flow paths are formed on one or both sides to distribute the polymer components to appropriate spinneret inlet hole locations. The distributor plates are inexpensive compared to drilled, milled, reamed, etc., plates and may be very thin, rendering the fabrication expense for the plates small, relative to the remainder of the spin pack, as to justify discarding or disposing of the plates rather than periodically cleaning them. The distribution paths may be small and densely packed, whereby the spinneret orifices can be more densely packed in the spinneret and staggered as between rows and columns so as to increase the fiber yield per given spinneret surface area.

Abstract: Segmented slotted spinning capillaries for producing hollow filaments afford enhanced fiber coalescence when the entrance angle to the capillary is unsymmetrical with respect to the center line of the slot.

Abstract: The invention provides a spinnerette assembly for multicomponent hollow fibers of the sheath/core type in which the channel for supplying the sheath material is located at a distance from the extrusion orifice of the spinnerette of no more than one-half of the width of the extrusion orifice. The spinnerette ensures uniform supply of the sheath material to the hollow fiber.

Abstract: A method of forming bicomponent fibers in a sheath-core relationship in a spinning pack that incorporates a plurality of adjacent plates that define predetermined flow paths therein for a sheath component and a core component to direct the respective components into the sheath-core relationship. The method comprises maintaining the differential pressure in the spinning pack between the sheath component and the core component low enough to avoid leaks and doglegging, while maintaining the total spinning pack pressure low enough to prevent leaks and doglegging.

Abstract: The invention relates to an extrusion plate for the production of membranes of an organic material including at least one longitudinal passageway. This extrusion plate includes an annular body (1) provided with a cylindrical cavity into which opens at least one radial fluid conduit (5), an upper ferule (3) adapted to be inserted into the cavity of the body and comprising at least one hollow needle (8) extending in the extension of said insert and a longitudinal centering fluid feed conduit (9), and a lower insert (4) adapted to be inserted into the cavity of the body and having a bore (6) defining an extrusion chamber around the needles (8). The upper (3) and lower (4) inserts are in abutment at assembly faces at the level of which open the fluid conduits (5), and a fluid passage (7) is provided on these opposing faces in continuity with the passages (5), for communicating with the extrusion chamber.

Abstract: A spinneret device for conjugate fibers of eccentric sheath-and-core type, capable of universally corresponding to various polymer-spinning conditions; affording a uniform eccentric extent of the core component; reducing the quality variation of single fibers and also that of fibers with lapse of time; being manufactured by easy works and economically are provided, which device includes cap 1; inlets of stocks 2, 2A; reservoirs 3, 3A; partitioner 4 separating 3 and 3A; filter 6; first distributing plate 7 provided with introducing holoes 8A, 8 for alternately distributing the stocks into front and rear distributing grooves 10A, 10; second distributing plate 9 on the back surface of which the grooves 10A, 10 being parallel, equally spaced and linear are engraved and on the ventral surface of which pressure-controlling holes 11A, 11 are bored; eccentricity-controlling plate 14 on the back surface of which grooves for eccentricity, 15 are engraved and the ventral surface (flat) of which introducing holes 16 for

Abstract: A spinning pack for wet spinning a tow having at least 20,000 bicomponent acrylic filaments is described. The pack includes a plurality of specially designed plates arranged so as to provide filaments having a substantially uniform distribution of the components along the entire length of each filament and from filament to filament.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a method and apparatus for the production of hollow glass fibers using a novel tip design. It is believed that the success of the instant invention is due to the injection of pressurized gas to create a central lumen at distances farther removed from the terminus of the tip than taught possible by the prior art. This results in a more stable process and the production of hollow fibers having more uniform wall concentricity.

Abstract: A sheath-core type composite spinneret assembly includes in combination:(1) an annular array of multiple spinning holes provided in at least one row,(2) a spinning-stock-solutions-combining-passage being in the form of an endless annulus per the annular array of one row of the spinning holes and on which inlets of the spinning holes are open,(3) a single core-component-stock-solution-distributing-passage in the annular form; core-component-stock-solution-outlet-passages provided from the core-distributing-passage to the solutions-combining-passage; two sheath-component-stock-solution-distributing-passages, both in the annular form, sandwiching the core-distributing-passage; and sheath-component-stock-solution-outlet-passages provided from the shealth-distributing-passages to the solutions-combining-passage and open on both side edges of the solutions-combining-passage at positions located substantially in the middle of the adjacent inlets of the holes, and(4) a core- and sheath-component-stock-solution-feedin

Abstract: A feeder for the production of hollow glass filaments is comprised of tip assemblies wherein a tube positioned in the stream defining member is in communication with the gas in the fiber forming region immediately below the dischrge wall to form a gas filled void in the stream and filament.

Abstract: A spinneret assembly for conjugate spinning includes (1) a spinneret plate provided with a number of spinning holes and (2) a distribution plate superposed closely upon the upper face of the spinneret plate onto which two kinds of spinning liquids are to be fed. The distribution plate is arranged in such a manner that, of separate spinning liquid paths for the two kinds of spinning liquid comprising a number of separate and parallel inlet grooves for receiving individually and alternately the two kinds of spinning liquids fed from above and guide paths for guiding individually the two kinds of spinning liquids fed out of the inlet grooves onto upper openings of the spinning holes in the spinneret plate, a part or whole of each guide path forms a pressure-adjusting means. Liquid storing chambers are provided on the lower face of the distribution plate at positions corresponding to the spinning holes.

Abstract: A fiber glass bushing is described which produces hollow glass fibers from a multiplicity of tips having air tubes centered inside of them. Modules for providing a common header for rows of tubes centered in rows of tips on the bushing bottom are shown along with means to maintain the tubes centered during the running of the bushing.

Abstract: A bushing tip suitable for producing hollow fibers is described which is formed from a centrally disposed gas tube preferably integral with the walls of the tip and constructed such that a gas passage is provided through the tip with at least one glass delivery channel is also provided through the tip and around the gas tube. Means are also provided to connect the gas tube to a suitable gas supply.

Abstract: A bushing support system for anchoring hollow fiber forming tips in a fiber glass bushing is described. The truss like support for the air tubes and bushing tips insure minimal movement of the tips during bushing operation and that any movement is accompanied by corresponding movement of their tubes to thereby maintain the initially established concentricity of tube wall to tip wall when the tubes are positioned in the interior of the tips.

Abstract: A melt spinning apparatus is disclosed which includes a spin block and a spinning nozzle assembly which is threadedly joined to the spin block. Also, an axially movable protective tube is disposed coaxially at the outlet end of the spinning nozzle assembly, and the upper end of the tube mounts casing assembly means in the form of a rotatable flat plate or an annular ring, for engaging the nozzle assembly and thereby facilitating threaded assembly of the nozzle assembly to the block as well as disassembly of the nozzle assembly from the block.

Abstract: Molten polymer streams are separately metered to the individual capillaries of a combined orifice, rendering the yarn produced less dependent on the capillary dimensions.

Abstract: A method for compressing gases in a contained volume consisting of hollow glass microspheres is described. The gases are compressed under high pressure and can be easily handled and stored. The gases to be compressed and contained in the microspheres are used as blowing gases to blow the microspheres.The hollow glass microspheres are made by forming a liquid film of molten glass across a coaxial blowing nozzle, applying the blowing gas at a positive pressure on the inner surface of the glass film to blow the film and form an elongated cylinder shaped liquid film of molten glass. A transverse jet is used to direct an entraining fluid over and around the blowing nozzle at an angle to the axis of the blowing nozzle. The entraining fluid as it passes over and around the blowing nozzle fluid dynamically induces a pulsating or fluctuating pressure field at the opposite or lee side of the blowing nozzle in the wake or shadow of the coaxial blowing nozzle.

Abstract: The hollow glass vacuum microspheres are made by forming a liquid film of molten glass across the coaxial blowing nozzles, applying the metal vapor blowing gas at a positive pressure on the inner surface of the glass film to blow the film which combines with the centrifugal force to form an elongated cylinder shaped liquid film of molten glass. A transverse jet is used to direct the inert entraining fluid over and around the blowing nozzle at an angle to the axis of the blowing nozzle. The entraining fluid as it passes over and around the blowing nozzle fluid dynmically induces a pulsating or fluctuating pressure field at the opposite or lee side of the blowing nozzle in the wake or shadow of the coaxial blowing nozzle.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of melt spinning thin walled, hollow fibers from relatively low melting glasses results if cooling of the emerging fiber is accomplished by use of a thin layer of gas to transfer heat from the fiber to a ferrule which fits closely to the spinnerette face and the individual fiber. The ferrule incorporates or is in contact with a heat sink and is slotted or segmented so that it may be brought into position around the moving fiber. Thinner walled, more uniform fibers may be spun when this method of cooling is employed.