Abstract: Disclosed is a method of at least partially cooking food items by exposing them to a heated liquid cooking medium supplied by a cooking medium delivery pump and piping to a cooking zone of a cooker including a control unit which, during a cooking process; (a) controls the temperature of the cooking medium delivered to the cooking zone to a pre-determined setpoint specific for the food items by controlling heat output from a heat exchanger for heating cooking medium throughout the cooking process; (b) controls the rate of convective heat transfer to the food items by directly controlling a sensed condition of cooking medium delivered to the cooking zone, other than temperature which is controlled in step (a), related to the rate of convective heat transfer; and, optionally, (c) controls the rate of convective heat transfer to the food items by controlling a sensed condition of the cooking zone related to the rate of convective heat transfer. Cookers which implement the method are also described.

Abstract: An improved feed block is produced by a novel process in which a fluid mixture comprising molasses, additives and other nutrients is produced into a dehydration vessel operating under a partial vacuum. The fluid mixture is heated to a temperature less than about 130° F. and agitated within the dehydration vessel to drive water from the fluid mixture. The water vapor is cooled, condensed and removed from the dehydration vessel to a condensate collector where the amount of water removed can be measured to determine the degree of dehydration. Once an appropriate amount of water has been removed, the dehydrated fluid mixture is produced from the dehydration vessel, formed into block shapes and cooled to form feed blocks. The resulting feed blocks are high in nutritional value because the low temperature dehydration process prevents the nutrients from being thermally destroyed.

Abstract: A continuous oven cooking system, a controller for use in the continuous oven cooking system, and a method performed by the controller are disclosed. The system, controller, and method are used to administer a continuous oven cooking process performed on a line of food items and provide on-line handling of a deviation in a specific scheduled parameter during the process. In addition to the controller, the continuous oven cooking system includes a oven. The controller controls the oven in performing the process according to scheduled parameters. When a deviation in the specific scheduled parameter occurs, the controller identifies those of the food items that in response will have (a) an accumulated lethality predicted to be delivered to them during the continuous oven cooking process that is less than a target lethality, or (b) have a core temperature at the end of the continuous oven cooking process that is less than a target core temperature.

Abstract: A device and a method arc disclosed for indicating the reaching of a temperature within a predetermined temperature range by heated food. The device includes a transparent sealed container including a first compartment containing a first substance and a second compartment containing a second substance. The first compartment is separated from the second compartment by a meltable sealant having a melting point within the predetermined temperature range. The device is partially or fully immersed in the heated food and on reaching a temperature within the predetermined temperature range, the meltable sealant melts enabling the first substance to contact the second substance. The contact between the first substance and the second substance results in a detectable change such as a color change of at least one of the first substance and the second substance. The color change is visibly detectable through the transparent sealed container.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for popping popcorn comprise a heated kettle which is controlled and monitored according to the temperature of the kettle. The kettle is initially heated to a start cook temperature and a buzzer and light alert an operator to add uncooked popcorn and oil to the kettle which lowers the temperature of the kettle below a predetermined start temperature and initiates a cooking cycle. An oil pump system is enabled at the initiation of the cooking cycle for adding oil to the kettle. As the popcorn and oil cook, the kettle temperature increases and passes through a predetermined dump temperature and the kettle automatically tilts and dumps the cooked popcorn. After the dump, the kettle temperature increases to the start cook temperature again and the buzzer and light are activated to alert the operator to add another batch of ingredients for consecutive batches of popcorn.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for popping popcorn comprise a heated kettle which is controlled and monitored according to the temperature of the kettle. The kettle is initially heated to a start cook temperature and a buzzer and light alert an operator to add uncooked popcorn and oil to the kettle which lowers the temperature of the kettle below a predetermined start temperature and initiates a cooking cycle. An oil pump system is enabled at the initiation of the cooking cycle for adding oil to the kettle. As the popcorn and oil cook, the kettle temperature increases and passes through a predetermined dump temperature and the kettle automatically tilts and dumps the cooked popcorn. After the dump, the kettle temperature increases to the start cook temperature again and the buzzer and light are activated to alert the operator to add another batch of ingredients for consecutive batches of popcorn.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for microbial intervention and pasteurization of food product surfaces. The apparatus comprises a chamber, a steam generator, a controller, a timer, a power source, and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor, along with the timer, is used to control the exposure of food products to steam. After a controlled period of steam application, a chilled water source is used to bathe the food products. The method includes the steps of placing food in the chamber, adding steam to the chamber, continuing to add steam until the surface of the food is greater than a first preselected temperature, maintaining the surface temperature by the continued application of steam for a period of about 60 seconds or until it is greater than a second preselected temperature, and then bathing the outer surface of the food with chilled water for about 60 seconds. The use of this method results in a 5-log reduction in the population of microorganisms and bacteria on the surface of the food.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a batch sterilization system, a controller for use in the batch sterilization system, and a method performed by the controller. The system, controller, and method are used to administer and provide on-line correction of a batch sterilization process performed on a batch of containers. The controller compiles an actual retort time-temperature profile during the batch sterilization process from the actual retort temperatures sensed by a sensor. While this is occurring, the controller controls a batch sterilizer so as to administer an initial portion of the batch sterilization process before a temperature deviation has begun according to a scheduled time-temperature profile. This temperature deviation is between the actual retort time-temperature profile and the scheduled processing time-temperature profile.

Abstract: A non-contact system and method is provided for effectively approximating the internal temperature of food being cooked upon a cooking surface of a cooking apparatus, such as a grill or griddle. Ultrasound or infrared, non-contact measurement devices may be directly installed onto the cooking apparatus, and in concert with a computerized monitoring/control system, are used to monitor the status of the food being cooked, or to control the heat input to the cooking surface using a feedback loop. The non-contact measurement devices may be permanently positioned above the cooking surface or may be mounted to arms that can be pivoted, or otherwise moved into position over the cooking surface.

Abstract: A method for cooking in a cooking device which has a cooking chamber and a measuring device to detect variables pertaining to a given state of food which is being cooked. The variables vary according to the cooking process. The cooking process is carried out according to at least one measured value corresponding to a cooking state variable. The cooking process is also carried out according to one of several values corresponding to a derivative of a cooking state variable obtained as a function of a duration of the cooking process.

Abstract: A bread making machine having an automated dispenser unit and a pause function Is described. The automated dispenser unit is integrated within a chamber lid covering a bread making chamber in which bread making ingredients are mixed, kneaded, and baked. The automated dispenser accepts certain ingredients, such as fruit and/or nuts, which are automatically added to the bread making chamber after significant processing of other ingredients in the bread making chamber has occurred. The automatic dispenser unit includes a dispenser door adjacent to the bread making chamber. The dispenser door is held in a closed position by a latch assembly. The latch assembly is mechanically linked to a solenoid core, which moves in response to a control signal issued by electronic control circuitry, causing the dispenser door to open. The bread making machine includes a pause function, which allows a user to temporarily suspend the bread making operation at any time, by pressing a pause key on a user interface keyboard.

Abstract: There is provided a fryer, which can restrain an acceleration of oxidation of an oil layer, prevent deterioration of the oil layer caused by fry sediment and carbide and generation of oil smoke, and which is used easily and safely by even a person who is not conversant with timing when drainage should be carried out in accordance with an amount of fried food.

Abstract: Refrigeration-shelf-stable ready-to-feed and concentrated infant formulas can be prepared through a ultra-pasteurization and/or pasteurization process. The ultra-pasteurized and/or pasteurized infant formulas contain complete balanced quantities of nutrients.

Abstract: A hot air popcorn machine including a programmable control system for precisely controlling various operating parameters including air flow and air temperature to enable the machine to consistently produce high quality popcorn in a low maintenance environment, e.g., a free-standing vending machine.

Abstract: In a method for production of dry feed for fish or shell fish (Crustacea) based on fresh fish raw material, vegetable carbohydrate products together with other additives are added to give a carbohydrate content in the produced feed of at least 5% during feed production. During all process steps up to the formation of feed pellets the water content is higher than 10%. The produced dry feed contains 25-60% protein, 10-40% fat and 5-25% carbohydrate. The feed contains 25-60% fish protein while the fat in the form of fish oil is up to 40%.

Abstract: A system and method for identification of a medium in a cooking vessel is disclosed. The system includes a cooking vessel, a heat source for heating a medium within the cooking vessel, and a temperature sensor within the cooking vessel for measuring the medium temperature. A process controller is in communication with the temperature sensor and controls the heat source, and includes a processing unit and a storage unit. Data is input to the process controller through an input unit, and the temperature sensor sends a signal representing the medium temperature to the process controller. The process controller controls the heat source and applies heat to the medium, and also monitors the medium temperature in order to determine whether the medium is substantially water. The method first determines the temperature of a medium in a cooking vessel and initiates a cool detection process if the temperature of the medium is less than a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Bulk material formed by a multiplicity of individual moving particles is heat-treated by directing a light beam into an observation volume of the material and generating light reflections off at least one particle in the observation volume. A characteristic of the light reflections which is indicative of a desired extent to which the material is to be heat-treated is identified and the material is subjected to a heated environment and thereby heat-treated. The light reflections are monitored for the characteristic, and subjecting the material to the heated environment is ended in response to detecting the characteristic of the light reflections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of baking or cooking food in an environment-protecting and safe way in preferably program-controlled baking-, hot air-, combined steam devices or steam cooking devices, wherein considerable, possibly overheated amounts of steam are produced during baking or cooking and remain in the device when the baking or cooking process has finished. In accordance with the invention, a removal of dampness from the cooking space is always performed prior to the termination of the baking or cooking process.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring the cooking temperature of meat patties. More specifically, a method is provided for monitoring the cooking temperature of meat patties by determining the concentration of colored compounds, such as myoglobin, in meat juice.

Abstract: A method for roasting legumes such as soybeans to enhance their nutritional properties. Raw legumes are introduced to a roaster having an oven section and a steeping section downstream of the oven section. The raw legumes are heated to a selected roasting temperature in the oven section as they are moved through the oven section to and through the steeping section. Throughout the passage of the legumes through the oven and steeping sections the legumes are mixed continuously.

Abstract: An electrical thermostatic pressure cooker and cooking control method thereof is disclosed. The method includes the steps of determining whether a frying (includes roasting, browning and sauteing) cooking is set, setting a cooking time period when frying cooking is determined to have been set, continuing the heating operation for a predetermined time until the temperature in the cooker reaches a predetermined temperature (T4) after a start button is pressed, halting the heating operation and generating a buzzer sound when the temperature in the cooker has reached the predetermined temperature (T4), determining whether cooking is completed while controlling the heating operation so as to maintain a temperature range (T5-T6) when the cooking proceeds after the ingredient to be cooked is input, and completing the cooking operation after generating the buzzer sound when the cooking is completed such that T4>T6>T5.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for the monitoring of the doneness of a baked product without invasively contacting the baked product. An impact is directed against a side of the baked product, and the resulting flex distance due to the propagation of the impact through the baked product is measured. Both the impact and the resulting flex are preferably performed without direct physical contact with the baked product. The flex response time from the impact is compared to a pre-stored threshold, and if the flex response time is less than the threshold, a doneness signal is generated. The doneness signal may be used, for example, to control the baking process, and can be used for the automated monitoring of baked products in a commercial baking environment. The doneness signal can further be used, for example, to control either the baking dwell time, the oven temperature, or both, or to control other baking variables.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for final rethermalizing of a pre-cooked food product.

Abstract: A pet chew treat made from the gastro-intestinal organs of a bison wherein the gastro-intestinal organs are cleaned of any fat, cut into strips, arranged on a drying rack, smoked in a smokehouse at preferably about 110.degree. F., and then maintained at a temperature of preferably between about 110.degree. F. and about 150.degree. F. until the strips reach about 2% to about 20% moisture. The resulting chew treat is not human food grade and is preserved so that it can be stored at room temperature without a danger of spoilage.

Abstract: Refrigeration-shelf-stable ready-to-feed and concentrated infant formulas prepared through an ultra-pasteurization and/or pasteurization process, comprise per five fluid ounces from about 1.8 to about 6.3 grams of protein; from about 3.3 to about 15.9 grams of fat; from about 300 mg to about 3000 mg of linoleic acid; from about 250 to about 900 IU of Vitamin A; from about 40 to about 180 IU of Vitamin D; from about 0.7 to about 9 IU of Vitamin E; from about 4 to about 24 mcg of Vitamin K; from about 40 to about 300 mcg of Thiamine (Vitamin B1); from about 60 to about 450 mcg of Riboflavin (Vitamin B2); from about 35 to about 180 mcg of Vitamin B6; from about 0.15 to about 0.9 mcg of Vitamin B12; from about 250 to about 3150 mcg of Niacin; from about 4 to about 48 mcg of Folic Acid (Folacin); from about 300 to about 1500 mcg of Pantothenic Acid; from about 1.5 to about 13.

Abstract: Complete nutritional milk compositions and products such as unflavored and flavored milks, yogurts, ice creams and frozen yogurts can be prepared through pasteurization, ultra-pasteurization or sterilization processes. By varying the choice and quantity of nutritional and functional ingredients, compositions which include a milk comprise, per service size: from about 0.1% to about 20% of the daily value of Sodium, Potassium, vitamin A, and vitamin C; from about 0.1% to about 40% of the daily value of Calcium; from about 0.1% to about 20% of the daily value of iron; from about 0.1% to about 30% of the daily value of vitamin D; from about 0.1% to about 20% of the daily value of vitamin E, vitamin K and Thiamine; form about 0.1% to about 30% of the daily value of Riboflavin; from about 0.1% to about 20% of the daily value of Niacin, vitamin B6, Folate, vitamin B12, Biotin, and Pantothenic acid; from about 0.1% to about 30% of the daily value of Phosphorus; and from about 0.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a load size of a food product in a cooking device is described. The apparatus includes a carrier assembly for receiving a food product; a cooking vessel containing a cooking medium, for receiving the carrier assembly; a lid assembly for raising and lowering the carrier assembly; a weight-bearing portion for supporting the lid assembly and the carrier assembly; a load sensor placed on the weight-bearing portion so as to measure a weight of the carrier assembly, the load sensor providing an output signal; and a control device for receiving the output signal and determining cooking parameters for the food product.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for automatically and continuously producing chewing gum and/or chewing gum base. A system controller receives inputs of parameters necessary for production. Ingredients are automatically and continuously fed and mixed to form a desired end product. During production of chewing gum, the gum is automatically and continuously discharged from the mixer and can be automatically dusted, rolled, scored and wrapped. The system is continuously monitored with appropriate sensing devices. Signals indicative of the sensed conditions are sent to the controller, and the system automatically adjusts to produce a consistent end product. An alarm is activated upon sensing of a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A method of cooking food comprising the steps of a) i) measuring the mass of the food and placing the mass in a first receptacle (10) forming a container; or ii) placing the food in a first receptacle and measuring the combined mass of the food plus the first receptacle; or iii) measuring the mass of the food; b) placing the food, optionally together with the first receptacle of step a) in a second receptacle (16); c) raising a liquid such as water to a predetermined temperature, and in particular boiling temperature; d) as a function of a pre-established relationship between the mass of the food, or between the combined mass of the food plus the first receptacle, and the desired mean cooking temperature, determining a quantity of the water at predetermined temperature; e) placing the quantity of water inside the second receptacle, in thermal contact with the first receptacle; and f) cooking the food for a predetermined length of time, wherein the food is cooked by heat transfer between the water, the first r

Abstract: A cooking medium management system and method from manipulating a cooking medium during cooking operations. The system has a controller generating a lock-out signal and a transfer signal, and selectively generating one control signal selected from the group consisting of a discard signal, a fresh fill signal, a drain signal, a filtration signal, and a polish signal. The system also has a cooking medium transfer pump and a transfer conduit for transferring the cooking medium to and from a frypot, wherein the transfer pump activates in response to the transfer signal. The system further includes a lock-out device, which receives the lock-out signal and disables a fryer heater. Moreover, this system includes a discard device, which receives the discard signal and includes the frypot, the drain pan, a drain valve and a cooking medium drain. The frypot and the drain pan are placed in communication with the transfer conduit via the drain valve.

Abstract: An improved process for cooking foodstuffs, e.g. french fried potatoes from a cold initial state, in a hot air oven with a steam phase and a roasting phase, includes the following steps: preheating a refining chamber to a predetermined temperature, introducing the foodstuff to be cooked into a basket mounted for rotation within the refining chamber, switching on a basket-rotating drive, switching on a hot air fan, reheating the refining chamber, refining the foodstuff in the refining chamber, part of the water contained in the foodstuff passing into the ambient atmosphere within the refining chamber, thereby creating an atmosphere of increased moisture (steam phase), replacing the moist atmosphere with relatively drier hot air, thereby beginning a roasting phase, and switching off the heating, fan, and basket-rotating drive when cooking is completed.

Abstract: This invention discloses an automated corn popping apparatus including a kettle, a support arrangement for supporting and operating the kettle, a display arrangement for enclosing the corn popping apparatus, a controller for automatically operating the corn popping apparatus, and a conduit system for introducing cooking oil into the kettle. In a preferred embodiment, the kettle includes a kettle and an agitator mechanism. A support arrangement includes a mechanism for rotating the kettle from a position for popping corn to a position for dumping corn into the display arrangement. Also, a shaft mechanism is used for raising and lowering the lid and rotating the agitator mechanism. The shaft mechanism is in fluid association with a source of cooking oil at one end of its length, and has apertures located near the other end of its length so as to provide a conduit for the supply of cooking oil directly into the kettle.

Abstract: A method for preparing a product to be pasteurized, particularly a food product, to ensure a long shelf life without affecting the quality or the nutritional, rheological and organoleptic properties thereof. The method comprises determining the cooking threshold value (Cg) of the product, measuring its pH and rH2, and deducing the corresponding pasteurization threshold value (P) therefrom, in particular by using a curve shown, then measuring the ratio (Aw) between the free water and total water contained in the product, and determining the heating curve of a heat treatment carried out on the product in such a way that the cooking threshold value is reached as the pasteurization threshold value is also reached and preferably exceeded, while at the same time the product is in a physical and chemical condition which corresponds to the Clostridium botulinum germ inhibition region.

Abstract: A method for heating foodstuffs, particularly mixtures made up of small pieces of meat, comprises pressurizing the uncooked mixture to force the mixture through a flow resistance device (22) at a heating velocity. Sufficient force is applied to the uncooked mixture to produce frictional resistance heating in the uncooked mixture as the mixture travels through the flow resistance device (22). The frictional resistance heats the uncooked mixture from an initial temperature to a final temperature which may be above a cooking temperature. This final temperature converts the uncooked mixture to a desired processed mixture. The invention may also include forming the processed mixture into a desired shape and cooling the processed mixture to a setting temperature. A variable resistance device (40) may be included in the flow resistance device (22) and used to control the level of heating in the foodstuffs.

Abstract: The article of the present invention is an analog of a particular object which has substantially the same size, shape and rotational inertia of the object while having the density of the medium of which the object is within. The analog encompasses a signal generator which may be used to analyze various properties of the object. More specifically, the article of the present invention is an analog of a food particulate undergoing aseptic processing wherein the food particulate is a constituent of a heterogeneous food such as soup or yogurt with fruit. The analog has substantially the same size, shape and rotational inertia of the actual food particulate while the article has the density of a fluid. The analog encompasses a signal generator which may be used to measure the residence time of the analog in a holding tube of an aseptic processing machine. The article also has the thermal conductivity of the food particulate.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for popping popcorn comprise a heated kettle which is controlled and monitored according to the temperature of the kettle. The kettle is initially heated to a start cook temperature and a buzzer and light alert an operator to add uncooked popcorn and oil to the kettle which lowers the temperature of the kettle below a predetermined start temperature and initiates a cooking cycle. An oil pump system is enabled at the initiation of the cooking cycle for adding oil to the kettle. As the popcorn and oil cook, the kettle temperature increases and passes through a predetermined dump temperature and the kettle automatically tilts and dumps the cooked popcorn. After the dump, the kettle temperature increases to the start cook temperature again and the buzzer and light are activated to alert the operator to add another batch of ingredients for consecutive batches of popcorn.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for selectively controlling a rice cooking process of an electric rice cooking kettle which includes a state selecting key, a control section, a data storing section, an internal pot temperature sensor, and a heater. The method can selectively cook a rice to different states such as a medium rice, a hard-boiled rice, or a sticky rice, without adjusting a water amount during cooking, and can change the state of boiled rice during the cooking process prior to a heat-preserving point.

Abstract: A controller for controlling the cooking of food within a cooking apparatus. The controller is comprised of a temperature sensor input for receiving an output of a temperature sensor and a system for initiating a cook of a food product based upon a set cook temperature and a set cook time. Plural indications of incremental energy that is absorbed by the food product during the cook are determined, wherein each of the plural indications of incremental energy is based upon a difference between a temperature determined at the temperature sensor input and a desired internal temperature of the food product. The end of the cook is established when the total of the plural indications of incremental energy is one of equal to and greater than an ideal energy to prepare the food product based upon the set cook time and the cook temperature.

Abstract: A process for selectively dehydrating organic matter, and at the same time eliminating insects, larvae and insect eggs that are carried by the organic matter is provided. This process leaves the product free of all toxic chemicals. The process includes the use of selected narrow bands of infrared radiation. Narrow bands of infrared radiation are selected that most efficiently penetrate the product being processed. The color of the product, its physiological properties such as oil, sugar and water content are factors considered in the selection of the vacuum, temperature, and time of the process. The process is performed in a vacuum which reduces the vapor point of the target water or solvent contained in the product being processed and permits the process to be performed at a temperature that does not harm the product.

Abstract: A method for measuring moisture content along a drying line is described by the following stages: A first stage in which a predetermined (weight) quantity of product is withdrawn. A second stage in which, using a piece-counting system, the number of pieces forming the quantity of product withdrawn during the first stage is counted. A third stage in which the number of pieces of product is compared with predetermined values. The main advantage of this method its immediate response.

Abstract: A baking oven for baking material held in two-piece baking molds and including a closing station and a removal station. The closing station includes controlled activating members for closing a two-piece baking mold. Once closed, the two-piece baking mold is locked. The removal station includes controlled activating members for allowing the two-piece baking mold to be unlocked and opened.

Abstract: An automated deep fat frying apparatus comprises a plurality of cooking vats in a housing having a filter pan pump assembly. The apparatus has an oil distribution system and a control system having a computer programmed to operate and control oil transfer functions. Motor operated drain and return valves with position sensors are installed on each vat in the oil distribution system and operated by the control system to provide an automatic filter function and an oil transfer function whereby oil is drained from a first vat and transferred to a second vat according to selection inputs from the operator. The system includes operator selectable automated fill and dispose functions. In addition to valve position sensors, the system includes oil level sensors in the vats and filter pan, a pan position sensor and may include level sensors in a supply or dispose tank tied in to the control system which prevent mishaps during oil transfer operations.

Abstract: A rice cooker is placed on a turntable, and uncooked rice is poured thereinto. As the uncooked rice is poured-in, a motor rotates the turntable alternately clockwise and counterclockwise to cause the rice to be evenly distributed therein. The cooker carries a signal emitter which is received by a receiver that is connected to the motor for controlling the motor.

Abstract: This invention is related to a novel process and automatic apparatus for delivering formed, freshly fried potato products from a dehydrated potato granulate. The process includes the steps of preparing a dough by rehydrating the granulate, cutting the dough into pieces, frying the pieces of dough, and controlling the frying time by measuring the temperature of the frying oil during the frying time; computing the introduced energy amount by integrating the temperature of frying oil over the frying time; and terminating the frying time when the introduced energy amount equals a predetermined constant value. The pieces are removed from the oil when the frying time is terminated.

Abstract: The invention provides a rotary processor which uses a linear motion detector to measure the deflection of the rotary processor as the rotary processor is heated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for pathogenic risk management utilizing a clamshell grill cooking and staging process for transferring heat to food articles sealed within heat conducting containers comprising the step of placing at least one food article sealed within a heat conducting container between a top cover plate and a bottom plate spaced apart and in alignment with one another, and the top cover plate is hingeably mounted to a frame of the cooking and staging grill by a floating hinge. The heat transfer fluid contained within a reservoir of the clamshell cooking and staging grill is heated to a selected temperature of less than 212.degree. F. The temperature of the heat transfer fluid is controlled at a selected temperature of .+-.5.degree. F.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fryer system including a fryer having a vat for containing shortening therein, a heat exchanger disposed within the vat, a heating mechanism for supplying heat to the heat exchanger, and a control mechanism for controlling the heating mechanism. The control means repeatedly cycles the heating mechanism between an off condition and an on condition during a melt mode of operation and maintains the heating mechanism in an on condition during a cook mode of operation. A manual switch is provided for switching the control mechanism from the melt mode of operation to the cook mode of operation. A prevention mechanism is also provided for preventing the control means from entering the cook mode of operation, and thereby maintaining the heating mechanism in an on condition, prior to actuation of the manual switch.

Abstract: A method of processing a solid foodstuff, such as a meat portion or portion of plant foodstuff, by a heating and cooling cycle in which the environmental pressure applied to the foodstuff is controlled during heating so that, at a maximum target temperature, all parts of the body of the foodstuff are conformed to this target temperature due to flow of water, transiently in the vapour phase, from hotter regions to cooler regions. In particular, at least when the target temperature is nominally attained, the pressure is set to the saturated vapour pressure of the foodstuff at the maximum target temperature.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus for automatically cooking and rotating a food product which comprises: a cooking chamber; a planetary assembly disposed within the cooking chamber which is capable of rotating the food product about the cooking chamber; a heater or burner disposed within the cooking chamber for cooking the food product; a venting damper disposed within the cooking chamber which is capable of releasing excess energy contained within the cooking chamber; a temperature sensor used for detecting the temperature in the cooking chamber; and a microprocessor which is capable of cooking the food product for a predetermined cooking time and maintaining the temperature in the cooking chamber in accordance with a predetermined cooking temperature by means of controlling the heater or burner and the venting damper such that the heater or burner remains in the "on" position during the entire cooking time while the venting damper is opened and closed as necessary to maintain the predetermined cooking temperature.

Abstract: A method for the heat processing of foodstuff to improve the palatability thereof. A oven housing defines an oven chamber having a material inlet and a material outlet. A tubular structure extends between the material inlet and the material outlet for carrying the foodstuff during the cooking process. The tubular structure is preferably comprised as a bank of interconnected augers. Control of the speed of the auger assembly determines the duration during which the foodstuff is subject to the heat processing. A fluid conduit system provides heated gases to the oven housing for purposes of heat processing or cooking the foodstuff. A blower is connected to the fluid conduit for moving the gases. A heater module provides heated gases to the fluid conduit and controls the temperature thereof. A moisture conditioning apparatus can be used to control the moisture content of the incoming foodstuff thereby controlling all of the process variables for the heat processing of foodstuff.