Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for producing a topical coating on a food product. The topical coating may be a sweetener wherein a superheated pressurized solution of the sweetener is sprayed on a heated food product to form a coating thereon. The topical coating may also contain a flavoring.

Abstract: A food composition, product and method of making thereof uses tissue, such as vegetable, meat, fish or poultry. The tissue is coated with at least one coating, dried and fried. Initially the coating is a gel including water, hydrocolloid gel forming compounds and a cross-linking agent such as polyvalent cations. The coating at least partially encloses the outer surface of the tissue. The coating is dried prior to frying. The coating (initial, dried and fried) includes at least ten percent equivalent weight of cross-linking agent based on the neutralization equivalent weight of the hydrocolloid. The dried coating is adapted to substantially impede the penetration of oil therethrough. The coated fried products have a low concentration of cooking oil.

Abstract: A method of forming a food product that includes dehydrated food pieces coated with a preselected amount of edible particles. The method includes providing dehydrated food pieces having outer surfaces. Next, a fat is provided that is substantially solid at room temperature and substantially flowable at a temperature of at least 90 degrees Fahrenheit. The fat is preheated to a temperature which is at least hot enough to cause the fat to flow. Next, food pieces are coated on their outer surfaces with the flowable fat and are further coated with coating particles. The resulting coating is nonflowable even at temperatures which exceed a temperature which caused a majority of the fat without the particles to flow.

Abstract: A chewing gum product comprises a gum pellet covered by a hard coating containing erythritol. The coating may be a homogeneous material built up of layers from a single coating syrup containing erythritol, or it may be a coating comprising two or more layers of different compositions, wherein at least one of the layers contains erythritol. The coating prevents the gum pellet from picking up moisture. The coating is particularly useful in making sugarless gum products.

Abstract: A method and composition for preparing battered and breaded food compositions which resist absorbing oil during deep fat frying. The breading composition is prepared by enriching the breading formulation with calcium. This is accomplished by either dry blending, spray drying or agglomerating (e.g., spray coating or application with subsequent drying), by baking the calcium source into the bread crumb or any combination of the above. The battered and breaded food composition is then treated, with a solution of calcium reactive pectin. The calcium-pectin coating functions to significantly impede the absorption and adsorption of frying oil, increases the moisture content, the crispness and heat lamp stability of the food composition. Alternatively, the food may first be treated with the calcium reactive pectin and then the calcium source, depending upon the circumstances of use.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are claimed for coating egg-yolk disks containing egg-yolk materials. The egg-yolk is initially produced in the form of a cylinder, which is cut into disks, which disks after being encapsulated into an edible membrane, are used in combination with egg-white to form egg-products which may be fried or poached in a similar manner as real eggs. The methods and apparatuses of the claimed invention are useful for coating articles other than egg yolk disks.

Abstract: A flavored, aqueous-based, adhesive composition containing no added fat or oil is sprayed onto popped popcorn, then a dry flavorant is applied, and the popcorn dried of excess moisture.

Abstract: A confection includes a soft candy center containing from 5% to 40% by weight water. A first coating is applied to the candy center. A second coating is applied over the first coating. The second coating contains a vitamin, enzyme, phytochemical, or alimentary vegetable composition. The first coating seals moisture in the soft candy center to retard the biodegradation of the vitamin, enzyme, phytochemical or alimentary vegetable composition in the second coating.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is an improved hard coating process using a polyol in powder form, enabling easy, speedy creation of a hard coating on the surface of a product. This process consists, on the one hand, in the application of a syrup containing at least 90% of a polyol chosen from sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, lactitol and isomalt and, on the other hand, in the application, in powder form, of a quantity of powder which has a purity higher than 95% with respect to this same polyol; these applications being performed without carrying out a forced drying.

Abstract: A water spray process for providing moisture to chip-type food products to cause them to curl when dried. The amount of curling is directly related to the amount of moisture applied to the top surface of the chips. Following the water spray addition, the product may be transferred to a salting conveyor where salt may be deposited in a continuous curtain onto the top surface of the product. The water sprayed top surface provides the adhesive for the salt.

Abstract: A chewing gum pellet coated with a coating of natural carbohydrate gum hydrolyzate material, wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of guar gum hydrolyzate, locust bean gum hydrolyzate and karaya gum hydrolyzate. The coating may also include xylitol.

Abstract: A chewing gum product comprises a gum pellet covered by a hard coating containing erythritol and xylitol. The coating may be a homogeneous material built up of layers from a single coating syrup containing erythritol and xylitol. The syrup preferably contains, on a solids basis, a blend of about 5% to about 95% erythritol and about 5% to about 95% xylitol. The coating is particularly useful in making sugarless gum products.

Abstract: A process for providing fried battered and breaded food products with enhanced crispiness and golden brown color, wherein fat, caloric content and loss of volatile flavor components are controlled and shelf life of the frying medium is increased, in which a substrate having a moisture content over about 35% is battered and breaded, coated with a protein dispersion and heated to form a protein film.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is an improved hard coating process using a polyol in powder form, enabling easy, speedy creation of a hard coating on the surface of a product. This process consists essentially of the application of a syrup containing at least 90% of a polyol chosen from sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, lactitol and isomalt to a product, followed by, the application, in powder form, of a quantity of powder which has a purity higher than 95% with respect to this same polyol; these applications being performed without carrying out a forced drying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a flavored, enrobed pasta product, said process comprising: (a) applying a first aqueous composition to pasta; (b) contacting said pasta with an edible coating material to form a coated pasta; (c) applying a second aqueous composition in conjunction with intermixing of the coated pasta; and (d) drying said coated pasta. The present invention further comprises a flavored, enrobed pasta product prepared in accordance with the above-described process.

Abstract: A double walled drum of concentric cylinders having end seals and insulation between the cylinders. The drum is open at both ends and rotates on its center longitudinal axis which is pitched from the horizontal with the entrance on the high side. Diameter restrictions at the entrance and discharge ends of the drum increase product residence time. Lifters at the entrance end discharge end push flexible strandular food subject to microbial spoilage such as strands of cooked pasta away from the entrance and out the discharge. Pins are mounted perpendicular to the inner cylinder wall and point to the central axis of the drum. Liquids such as acid and oil are sprayed onto the food in the drum from a spray bar or spray manifold. The pins continuously lift and separate the strands of food while it moves through the drum, and mix the liquid and product, resulting in a uniform coating. This process and apparatus produce a uniformly coated flexible strandular food such as spaghetti with minimal temperature loss.

Abstract: Fresh chicken quarters are needle injected with a marinade including juiciness and browning reaction-facilitators and smoke flavoring. The marinated quarters are dipped into an aqueous suspension of seasonings and spices, then baked in a convection oven at 250.degree. F. for 20 minutes for drying the surface coating of seasoning and spices. A glaze is spread on the seasoning- and spice-coated marinated chicken parts for sealing in moisture and enhancing achievement of desirable browning. The glazed chicken parts are roasted (baked) on trays in a convection oven at 250.degree. F. for 40 minutes, removed, and served as a succulent product having an appearance and taste which is competitive with that of rotisserie-broiled chicken.

Abstract: Non-greasy spray oils for snack and other food products are especially useful for adhering topical seasonings or condiments to the products. The spray oils contain fats bearing short acetic acid, propionic and/or butyric acid residues, and long, saturated C.sub.16 to C.sub.24 fatty acid residues. Especially preferred are triglycerides exhibiting a solid fat index at 70.degree. F. of at least about 50%, more preferably at least about 60%, and at least about 40%, more preferably at least about 50%, at 80.degree. F. One preferred embodiment contains triglycerides wherein at least about 75% of the long acid residues are stearic acid or longer residues and the short residues are mixtures of acetic acid and propionic acid residues, acetic acid and butyric acid residues, or a mixture of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid residues. The spray oils are low in calories and oxidation resistant.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing chewing gum and the packaging of same is provided. To this end, a method for packaging at least one stick of chewing gum is provided comprising the steps of preparing a stick of chewing gum that includes a coating of an edible material that provides sufficient vapor barrier properties to provide the stick of chewing gum with a more stable moisture content at ambient conditions than a stick of chewing gum that does not include the coating, and wrapping the stick of chewing gum in a wrapper that does not include any metal foil material to create a wrapped stick of chewing gum. The sticks of chewing gum can then be packaged in a counterband.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of chocolate confectionery by entrapping a fatty cream with fine gas bubbles. The confectionery is manufactured by preparing a shell chocolate with open end in a mold, feeding under pressure a fine gas bubble entrapping fatty cream base into the shell chocolate through the opening to fill the shell, scraping off excessively charged fatty cream, solidifying the fatty cream in the shell, pouring a chocolate base on the solidified fatty cream to close the opening of the shell chocolate, scraping off excessively charged chocolate base, solidifying the chocolate base, and demolding the product. A stencil plate can be used, when the gas bubble entrapping fatty cream is charged into the shell of shell chocolate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low moisture vegetable product in a process for producing same. The low moisture vegetable product comprises vegetable product and a solid, amorphous osmotic agent. The resulting product has extended storage life as compared with fresh vegetable products and yet may be rehydrated to produce a product having the flavor, color and taste of fresh vegetable products. The process for producing the low moisture vegetable product comprises immersing the vegetable in a liquid bath containing a osmotic agent capable of infusing into the vegetable tissue and forming an amorphous solid upon drying. Once excess osmotic agent has been removed, the infused product is dried to form a vegetable product having a water content of from about 2 to 6 percent by weight and which contains an amorphous, solid, osmotic agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing individual, crunch-confectionery-coated edible nuts. The raw, unblanched nuts are first coated with a film-forming polysaccharide to maintain the skins adhered to the nuts in a durable polysaccharide coating. The coated nuts are then subjected to shear mixing, e.g., in a pan coater, during which sucrose syrup is applied to the polysaccharide-coated nuts. Heat is applied to the nuts during shear mixing to remove moisture and to thereby form a crystalline coating, which is then partially melted to form a crystalline-amorphous coating on top of the polysaccharide coating on the individual nuts.

Abstract: Alimentary and/or medicinal active principles intended for feeding or treating ruminants are polished by spraying a solution of one or more active principles, resins and/or sugars onto the said active principles. The polished active principles are then coated with a polymer providing protection in the rumen.

Abstract: A dual composition hard coated chewing gum is provided which exhibits improved long-term shelf stability under storage conditions involving constant exposure to the moisture contained in the atmosphere. The dual composition hard coated chewing gum is ideally suited for pellet chewing gum having pellet shapes which cannot easily be protected from atmospheric moisture by packaging. The dual composition hard coated chewing gum has a gum center which includes a gum base, a bulk portion, and one or more flavoring agents. The dual composition hard coated chewing gum also has an outer coating which includes layers which contain from about 50 to about 100% xylitol; and layers which contain from about 50 to about 100% hydrogenated isomaltulose. A method of preparing the dual composition hard coated chewing gum is also provided.

Abstract: Food coatingstuff comprising rice starch and food products obtained by coating or dusting with rice starch. Inorganic food additives like titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, etc. are not necessary by use of the coatingstuff containing rice starch.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a fiber fortified foodstuff that includes preparing the foodstuff and then topically applying supplemental fiber. In particular, puffed snack products are prepared by mixing cereal with a fiber premix and sufficient moisture to form an extrudable dough base. The dough base is cooked in a cooking extruder and then extruded to form a wet puff which is dried and then coated with an oil slurry. A flavor premix which includes supplemental dietary fiber, particularly a soluble fiber, is topically applied to the oil coated dry puff to form a fiber fortified, puffed snack product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for forming a formable food mass, comprising food pieces with or without a binder, in selected shapes; and this invention describes the apparatus used to prepare the formable food mass without the use of binders, wherein the food pieces are optionally chilled to from about 25.degree. F. to about 35.degree. F. prior to compressing the food pieces into the desired shape; optionally the apparatus has a chilled mold cavity maintained at from about -5.degree. F. to about 5.degree. F. during compression of the food pieces therein.

Abstract: Described is a pizza food article having high shelf stability and having the advantage of avoidance of etching of oil through the dough. The invention also contemplates multi-layer pizza dough-containing pizza articles.

Abstract: Pack for containing foods made from a porous material, and having for sealing purposes on at least one part of an inner wall of the food pack at least two different fat-based impregnations, at least one of which is a first or prime coat and at least one other is a cover glaze or impermeable top glaze, wherein at least the cover glaze or impermeable top glaze is free from saccharose.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing oil roasted nuts. The process comprises roasting nuts, applying at least one uniform coating of an edible protein to the roasted nuts, and applying a coating of a seasoning mix to the coated nuts. The invention further relates to the nuts produced thereby. The process of this invention produces nuts exhibiting increased uniformity of coating, improved flavor, enhanced coating adhesion and reduced clumping and sticking.

Abstract: Encapsulated corn kernels consisting essentially of kernels of corn suitable for popping coated over at least a portion of the outer surface thereof with an edible oleaginous substance or edible wax and thereover with an outer shell comprising an edible polymeric material and an anti-fragility and palatability enhancer; the process of making such encapsulated kernel; and microwaveable pop corn products consisting essentially of the encapsulated corn kernels in a microwaveable package.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for forming a formable food mass, comprising food pieces without a binder, in selected shapes; and this invention relates to the apparatus used to prepare the formable food mass without the use of binders, wherein the food pieces are optionally chilled to from about 25.degree. F. to about 35.degree. F. prior to compressing the food pieces into the desired shape; optionally the apparatus has a chilled mold cavity maintained at from about -5.degree. F. to about 5.degree. F. during compression of the food pieces therein.

Abstract: A coating agent for delaying the release of a physiologically active substance to be administered per os to ruminants, said coating comprising a veterinary acceptable water-soluble, synthetic high molecular compound and ethylcellulose, said coating agent being stable in the first stomach or rumen of ruminants and capable of being effectively disintegrated for subsequent absorption in the 4th stomach of ruminants, characterized in that said coating agent further comprises at least one substance which is miscible with both of said high molecular weight compound and ethylcellulose and is insoluble in water.Said coating agent forms a coat which protects the active substance from degradation in the first stomach of a ruminant at a pH of about 5.5 and rapidly breaks down in the 4th stomach at a pH of about 3, thereby releasing the active ingredient for absorption by the animal.The coating agent and the actives coated therewith and their preparation are described.

Abstract: A unique coating composition is described for coating a fried bakery product such as a donut to control moisture migration from coated bakery products especially chocolate coated donuts which remain soft in texture and of stable quality over extended periods of time.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fried pie in the nature of a microwavable, pre-fried, batter-coated, dough-enrobed foodstuff and the foodstuff produced thereby. In the process, a foodstuff enrobed with dough is provided, as is an aqueous batter slurry formed by mixing an effective amount of water with a farinaceous based batter mix comprising a farinaceous material selected from the group consisting of starch, flour and mixtures thereof. The batter slurry is applied to the dough of the dough-enrobed foodstuff to coat the same, and the batter-coated dough-enrobed foodstuff is partially cooked in hot fat or cooking oil to pre-fry the same. The fried product is characterized by an acceptable level of crispness after freezing, prolonged freezer storage, and finally microwave cooking.

Abstract: An improved product is disclosed which is a coated frozen comestible which is stable when stored for extended periods. When reconstituted by microwave heating or by baking this product has a texture and appearance which is organoleptically equivalent or superior to fat fried coated comestibles.

Abstract: An encapsulated food product consisting essentially of a solid comestible completely coated with a substantially uniform outer shell of an edible polymer of a type and of a thickness sufficient to prevent the diffusion of flavor and/or color elements from said comestible into a liquid medium or from said liquid medium into said coated comestible, canned or bottled food products containing the same, and the method of making such products.

Abstract: A feed additive for ruminants, which comprises cores containing an acid salt of a basic amino acid, and a first coating layer and a second coating layer coated sequentially on the surface of each core, wherein said first coating layer contains at least one first coating agent selected from the group consisting of a neutral or weakly acidic organic substance, a substantially neutral fine powder of inorganic substance, a non-ionic hydrophilic polymer substance and an anionic hydrophilic polymer substance and being physiologically acceptable to the ruminants, and the second coating layer contains as a second coating agent a polymer soluble or swellable in water in an acidic region of a pH of at most 5.5.

Abstract: A low calorie coating for frozen confectionery products, which forms a skin and which provides a firm outside coating surface about the confectionery products, is formed by dipping a frozen confectionery product containing calcium ions into a flowable aqueous medium containing an alkali metal alginate to form a coating on the confectionery product and then by spraying an aqueous solution of a calcium salt onto the coating of the coated product.

Abstract: Aqueous liquid, a farinaceous flour and oil are applied to snack-sized, extruded farinaceous collets having an aqueous moisture content within the range of about 5-15 weight percent. The aqueous liquid, flour and oil can be individually applied to the collets, or applied together as a slurry. The coated collets are baked to reduce the aqueous moisture content of the collets to a shelf-stable moisture content of about 2 weight percent of less. Potato-based collets processed in accordance with the present invention have french-fry color and flavor characteristics, desirable non-uniform shapes, and a crispy/crunchy texture.

Abstract: Gradual release structures for the release of active agents in chewing gum and a process for making such structures are provided. The gradual release structures are formed by meltspinning techniques and comprise an active agent and a wall material.

Abstract: High quality fried food pieces having crispy and chewy crusts with high protein are obtained without the addition of Protein Isolates when all kinds of food pieces are dipped in a batter containing, as essential ingredient, highly swollen particles created by dispersing, in an aqueous liquid at room temperature, protein rich washed Moong Dal ground to particle sizes varying from 100 Microns to 1400 Microns and deep frying. By varying the texture of the ground Moong Dal and varying the batter consistency, batter suitable for coating fish or boneless chicken or for coating beef, pork or chicken with bones can be obtained.

Abstract: A chocolate bar is disclosed which comprises a chocolate base, at least one first wafer sheet placed on the chocolate base and having an interconnecting web and a plurality of hollow projections extending from the wafer sheet web on the side opposite the chocolate base. The chocolate bar further includes an anhydrous creamy filling housed in the cavities of the projections and a coating of chocolate deposited on the outer surface of the wafer sheet.

Abstract: A coated dried fruit piece is prepared by applying a coating of a melted fat or oil followed by a dusting of a dry particulate coating. The steps may be repeated as desired to build a coating of a desired thickness. The dry particulate coating includes a cereal component, such as wheat germ or shredded wheat fines, a sweetener and preferably a nut meal. The cereal component has a particle size sufficiently large to form a coating with crunchy particulates over the soft dried fruit. The particle size of the cereal component is sufficiently small to ensure the particles will adhere to the dried fruit pieces.

Abstract: An edible food container is provided with two different fatty coating layers including a top glaze that is free of sugar. A prima coat has a higher setting temperature than the top glaze. Hydrophobicity increases from the prime coat to the top glaze. Solids can be added to the top glaze and the container can be made from a sugar free baked dough. Other variations are also disclosed.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing a batter-coated, barrier layer-coated porous inner food structure containing macerated beef or macerated chicken having the properties of:(x) retention of a substantial quantity of the water originally contained in the macerated beef or macerated chicken structure on re-cooking; and(y) substantial imperviousness to the absorption or adsorption of cooking oil into the resulting product when the resulting product is contacted with cooking oil on further cooking (re-cooking) subsequent to the cooking step required to prepare the product.The barrier coating consists of starch, methyl cellulose and xanthan gum. Additionally, the barrier coating may contain a reaction flavor composition and/or a reaction flavor precusor composition which results in retention of substantially all of the flavor nuances originally present in the macerated chicken or beef on re-cooking beyond the original cooking step. The prodct also includes one or more silicon oxide derivatives.

Abstract: A breading crumb mixture and process for coating food products are disclosed. The crumb mixture and process impart a fried-like texture and flavor to the resultant food products. The breading crumb mixture comprises extruded flour dough crumbs, dielectrically baked crumbs and beaded shortening. The process of the invention includes the steps of coating a food product with a binding agent, breading the coated product with the breading crumb mixture, baking the breaded product in a humidified oven, applying edible oil in atomized form to the surface of the baked product, and exposing the baked product surface to high temperature heating for the purpose of browning and crisping.

Abstract: A wild bird feed includes a sunflower heart of chip coated with a hydrophobic coating that includes a corn gluten meal. Additionally, a lipid such as beef tallow is added to the coating. A preferred coating additionally includes glycerin. The invention also includes a process for producing such a feed.

Abstract: A feed additive for ruminants, which comprises core containing a carbamate of a basic amino acid and coated with a polymer coating agent soluble or swellable in water in an acidic region of a pH of at most 5.

Abstract: Palatability of fish feed pellets is increased by coating preformed pellets with a coating of soft and flexible consistency that may be formed of alginate or guar gum set by calcium chloride solution or may incorporate gum tragacanth, pectin or gelatin.