Abstract: Food grade protein and dietary fibre concentrates are prepared from wheat millfeed. The process utilizes an efficient alkali extraction to obtain in excess of 75% w/w of the protein present in the millfeed in a solution which is further treated to separate the suspended starch and fat. The clarified liquid containing the protein is passed over a semipermeable membrane during which it is further purified and concentrated. Hydrogen peroxide and heat are introduced to the liquid thereby reducing its color prior to spray drying. The resulting residue from the extraction is dried or further treated with hydrogen peroxide and heat to produce a light colored dietary fibre concentrate.

Abstract: Waxy barley grain of reduced particle size is heated to inactivate natural enzymes to obtain an enzyme inactivated meal, and beta-glucans are extracted from the meal with water. Preferably, inactivation of enzymes is by heating at about 90.degree.-115.degree. C. for about 1 to 2 hours. Solids obtained by separation during extraction are treated with alpha-amylase, beta-amylase and beta-glucanase to obtain starch conversion. Barley oil, high protein concentrate and maltose syrup are recovered.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal disorders, especially those in the very young and the very old which are manifested by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased flatus, cramping, and the like, are treated by the oral administration to the patient of a therapeutically-effective amount of an aqueous extract of oatmeal. This extract is especially effective in the treatment of infant colic and infant intolerance of milk and synthetic formulas.

Abstract: A process for the production of starch and gluten from wheat flour or similar flour. The flour is extracted with water so as to produce a starch fraction and a gluten fraction. A `B` starch is then separated from either the starch fraction or the gluten fraction and contacted with an aqueous alkali at a pH between 8.5 and 12.5 to give a starch suitable for conversion to starch hydrolyzates by enzymatic hydrolysis.

Abstract: Wheat gluten products may be processed to remove their components which cause undesirable flavors and color. The processing can include extraction with an aqueous solution of alcohol, alkali, or mixtures thereof, and can optionally also include ultrafiltration.

Abstract: Black barley malt extract is produced by crushing fully grown and fully germinated barley malt followed by a series of hulling, heating, agitating, cooling, separating and concentrating procedures.

Abstract: A food grade colorant which is substantially free of 4 methyl imidazole 4 MeI is obtained by digesting a roasted malted cereal in water by use of at least one protease and at least one carbohydrase enzyme. The aqueous extract is separated from remaining solids and retained for use as the colorant. It may be concentrated or dried to a free flowing powder. The colorant obtained from roasted black malted barley typically has a 4 MeI content of less than 50 mg/Kg and a color greater than 14,000 EBC units at 70% solids.

Abstract: A process is provided for the processing of certain organic agricultural foodstuff by-products normally having little commercial value to produce a cellulosic product suitable for human consumption or use in various products. The process of the present invention is characterized by subjecting a variety of certain agricultural by-products having little commercial value, such as, for example, soy bean hulls, to a series of separate steps utilizing certain chemical treating to effect a solubilizing and removal of the non-cellulosic components of the by-product agricultural material to produce residue solids which consist essentially of cellulose. The cellulose residue solids are subjected to specified purification procedures and thereafter dried to produce a short, fine fibered cellulose which may be processed to a fine powdered state suitable for use as a component part in a wide variety of edible or otherwise useable products by humans, an example of such a product being a low calorie bread.

Abstract: A pressure cooker particularly adapted for use as a pressure fryer. The cooker's tank is electrically heated by a novel electrical resistance heater and heat reflector structure. The cooker also includes a novel cover and cover hold-down mechanism.

Abstract: A process for fractionating the whole wheat kernel into its gluten, starch and bran-germ components including the steps of tempering the whole wheat kernel in water to increase its moisture content, flaking the tempered wheat kernel, disintegrating the flakes to a particle size range such that 20% to 90% of the particles will be retained on a 30 mesh U.S. Standard screen and in a manner that the resulting bran-germ particles are larger than the resulting endosperm particles, hydrating and agitating the kernel particles to just saturate them and to form a thick, dough-like mass and subjecting the mass to tumbling and/or manipulation together with water washing to separate and recover the gluten, starch and bran-germ components of the kernel.

Abstract: Procedures are described for obtaining about 80% of the high-grade protein in pearl millet grain as a concentrate. These procedures involve extraction of lipid-free whole millet flour with a combination of 70% aqueous isopropyl alcohol, aqueoussodium hydroxide, and dilute mineral acid to give three protein-rich fractions, which can be combined for optimum use as a protein concentrate.

Abstract: A process for the separation of a comminuted oat fraction from an admixture thereof with solvent is disclosed. An admixture of the fraction and the solvent is subjected to a high voltage electric field between an anode and a cathode, thereby depositing at least part of the comminuted oat fraction on at least the anode. The solvent is either an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing from 5 to 8 carbon atoms or a normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon containing 1 or 2 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment the fraction is a fraction of high protein content and the deposit is only on the anode. In another embodiment the fraction is in the form of a dispersion, e.g. fines, in the solvent.

Abstract: A process for the separation of comminuted proteinaceous material from an admixture thereof with solvent is disclosed. An admixture of the material and the solvent is subjected to a high voltage electric field between an anode and a cathode, thereby depositing at least part of the material on at least the anode. The solvent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing from 5 to 8 carbon atoms or a normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon containing 1 or 2 carbon atoms. The proteinaceous material may be wheat, rye, barley, triticale, rice, peas, beans, soya beans, sesame seeds, peanuts, sunflower seeds, whey powder, corn, rapeseed, sorghum, flax and buckwheat. In an embodiment the fraction is in the form of a dispersion, e.g. fines, in the solvent.

Abstract: A process for fractionating the whole wheat kernel into it gluten, starch and bran-germ components including the steps of tempering the whole wheat kernel in water to increase its moisture content, flaking the tempered wheat kernel, disintegrating the flakes to a particle size range such that 25-75% of the particles will be retained on a 50 mesh screen and in a manner that the resulting bran-germ particles are larger than the resulting endosperm particles, hydrating and agitating the kernel particles to just saturate them and to form a thick, dough-like mass and subjecting the mass to tumbling and/or manipulation together with water washing to separate and recover the gluten, starch and bran-germ components of the kernel.

Abstract: In the brewing of beer, spent grain at about 90% moisture from a straining tank having no internal rotating rake is collected and pumped to a centrifuge which reduces the moisture of the spent grain to about 70% and provides spent grain liquor of about 2.0 to 4.5% or more of total solids. The spent grain liquor is stored in a tank at 165.degree. F. to 170.degree. F. and held until it is used up to 50% of the sparge liquid for a subsequent brew in the straining tank. The spent grains at about 70% moisture are directed to a large holding tank. Nutritious brewery waste streams are added thereby increasing the nutritional value.

Abstract: A processed vegetable seed fiber, particularly corn and soybean fiber, for use in food products is disclosed. Processing is accomplished by heating an aqueous slurry of the crude vegetable seed fiber to about 155.degree.-180.degree. F., and then maintaining the pH of the heated slurry in the range of about 2.5 to 5.0. The elevated temperature of the slurry is maintained for up to about 15 to 60 minutes while the slurry is agitated.The resulting acid-pasteurized slurry is then dewatered to obtain a fiber material at about 20-30% dry solids. Fresh water is then added to the dewatered fiber material to reslurry it to about 3-4% dry solids. The reslurried fiber material is agitated at a temperature up to about 140.degree. F. for about fifteen to thirty minutes, dewatered a second time, and then dried to about 10% moisture.

Abstract: A process for fractionating the whole wheat kernel into its gluten, starch and bran-germ components including the steps of tempering the whole wheat kernel in water to increase its moisture content, milling the tempered kernel to reduce the particle sizes of the kernel components, forming a homogeneous slurry of the particles and water, the wheat to water ratio of the slurry being in the range 1:3 to 1:10, by weight, vigorously admixing the slurry to achieve uniform dispersion of the particles in the water, applying centrifugal forces to the slurry to cause it to separate into its gluten, starch and water phases, separating the gluten and starch phases and purifying them by conventional techniques to recover gluten, starch and bran-germ in very high yield fractions.

Abstract: Stale flavor formation in beer is reduced by contracting malt, prior to extracting to produce wort, with a primary or secondary mono- or polyhydric alcohol or with acetic acid or with dimethylsulfoxide to reduce the amount of precursors of 2-trans-nonenal present in the malt.

Abstract: Oat groats are ground to form a coarse branny fraction, and a fine fraction. The coarse fraction is separated, formed into a slurry, and subjected to an extraction and separation process to isolate oat gum and oat protein together with other by-products.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for separating and washing solid particles in suspension in a liquid which includes a series of continuously decanting centrifuges and an equal number of reslurry stations. Fresh wash liquid is introduced into the last of the reslurry stations, together with solids which are discharged from the next to last decanting centrifuge. Solids are separated from liquid in the last decanting centrifuge and the effluent therefrom is directed into the next to last reslurry station for dilution of the suspension therein. The system is particularly adapted for use as a continuous lautering method for producing malt beverages.

Abstract: A process for fractionating the whole wheat kernel into its bran, germ and endosperm components includes the steps of tempering the wheat kernel in water, pin milling the wheat kernel, sifting the milled kernal to separate the germ and bran components from the endosperm, hydrating and agitating the endosperm to just saturate it and to form a thick, dough-like mass and mechanically working, by kneading, cutting and stretching, the dough-like mass while continuously washing it with water to separate the non-gluten endosperm components from the gluten. The bran and germ components can be separated from each other by conventional gravity table techniques.