Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of processing fish in a food processing unit (72), which method comprises the following steps: thawing (44, 62) during a thawing period by ejecting steam and water within the food processing unit (72) while continuously re-circulating air, cooking (46, 64) during a cooking period by firstly discontinuing ejecting water while continuing ejecting steam into the food processing unit, and secondly re-circulating air to maintain the ambient temperature at a predetermined temperature, cooling (48, 66) during a cooling period by discontinuing ejecting steam while ejecting water and continuously re-circulating exterior air communicated to the food processing unit (72). The food processing unit (72) is calibrated for determining the duration of the thawing, cooking, and cooling periods by using a temperature sensitive device to measure a core temperature of the fish and to establish the duration of the three periods according to the core temperature.

Abstract: A method steam flaking grain comprises the steps of providing grain, passing the grain through a steam chest at a predetermined temperature and pressure for a predetermined time, flaking the grain between two rotating corrugated rollers having a gap, sampling the flakes at predetermined intervals as the flakes come out from between the rollers, weighing the sampled flakes to determine the density of the sampled flakes, and adjusting the temperature, the pressure, the retention time, and the size of the gap between the rollers on the basis of the measured density of the sampled flakes, so that the resulting flakes have a predetermined density and a predetermined amount of gelatinization and so that the variability in the amount of gelatinization is minimized. In another highly preferred embodiment, the sampled flakes are cooled for a predetermined time and then screened before measuring the density.

Abstract: A process for internally cooking food includes the steps of injecting a condensable cooking fluid into the interior of the food at a plurality of spaced-apart locations, dispersing the cooking fluid within the interior, and condensing the cooking fluid while in direct contact with the interior. The heat of condensation of the cooking fluid releases considerable heat energy useful for either pre-cooking the food to a desired intermediate cooking level, or thoroughly cooking the food. The heat of condensation of the fluid is high enough that only a small amount of condensable cooking fluid is required, per quantity unit of food being cooked. As a result, the food does not become excessively loaded with cooking fluid, and flavorants such as marinade substantially remain within the food. Where the condensable fluid is used for pre-cooking, the cooking may be thoroughly completed by placing the pre-cooked food in a conventional hot air oven.

Abstract: An apparatus for disinfecting or sterilizing contaminated materials including a first worm screw (15) inside a pretreatment chamber (14) and a second worm screw (17) arranged close to the end of the first worm screw (15) and extending inside a treatment chamber (16). Elements are provided for sealing both ends of the treatment chamber (16) so that an elevated pressure can be maintained in the treatment chamber. Energy can be introduced into the treatment chamber in a controlled manner to supply or produce steam sufficient to create and maintain an elevated pressure and temperature needed to disinfect and/or sterilize the contaminated material. The pretreatment chamber (14) and the treatment chamber (16) are connected to each other by a reversing component (1) having two tube sections (2, 3) which form an angle relative to each other and which are secured to the pretreatment chamber (14) and the treatment chamber (16) by flanges (4, 5).

Abstract: A method of making crunchy bacon bits from raw bellies. The raw bellies are sized and mixed with water and curing ingredients to form a product mixture. The product mixture is placed in a vessel with agitation. Then, the mixture is heated to above 120° F. wherein protein within the product mixture is substantially denatured. The product mixture is then cooked under a vacuum until the product mixture attains a product moisture content of 5% or less and a water activity level of 0.30 or less.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the formulation and process for producing a universal fruit base, which is an apple mash-polysaccharide mixture to which fruit puree(s) and optionally concentrated fruit juice(s) are to be added to form beverage concentrates. The beverage concentrates are to be diluted with water and/or fruit juice(s) to create supreme, distinctive, refreshing, healthy, creamy, smooth, thick, non-gummy and non-settling fruit beverages (smoothies). The resulting beverages possess hydrated cellular particulates, which are stabilized by modified starch and xanthan gum and thus sedimentation of particulates does not occur during the storage of the resulting beverages. Homogenization is not required for particulate stabilization. Pasteurization and sterilization of the resulting beverages can be carried out without the loss of textural and flavour quality attributes and without particulate destabilization and sedimentation.

Abstract: Multi-colored products, particularly food products, are obtained by preparing a base mixture suitable for preparing an emulsion, pumping the base material mixture to an emulsifier device and supplying a coloring solution to the emulsifier device and emulsifying the base material mixture and coloring solution to obtain a colored material mixture emulsion, passing the colored emulsion to a distribution valve which is connected to a plurality of parallel piping lines connected in series to extruders to pass differing colored emulsions to the extruders for extrusion.

Abstract: Precooked and partially-dehulled masa flour for tortilla and the like is produced by pressure pre-cooking in a continuous process with saturated-steam. The precooking effects corn hull hydrolysis and partial cooking with a lime solution, reduced kernel washing and solid loss in wastewater. Next, moisture content is stabilized, and the corn is ground and dried in a super-heated stream of air to produce a partial cooking, cooling and further drying of the dried-ground particles. Separating and recovering yields the fine grind or masa flour from the coarse grind which is segregated to isolate a hull fraction as corn hull waste. Reground coarse grind is sieved to produce further yield of the instant masa flour. The flour is well suited for use in making tortilla and other corn-based snack foods.

Abstract: The device includes an oven, the inside of which is a space designed to hold food to be cooked and which is designed to generate saturated steam inside this space. The device also includes a dosing appliance for water which presents a duct which passes through one of the walls of the oven. In this duct, there are valves to control the supply of water into the cooking space. The outlet of this device is directed towards a heating element which is also located in the cooking space. The device also includes a steam condenser which is connected to the cooking space.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a manufacturing process of carrot juice capable of obtaining, with high yield, carrot juice having a high-quality and stable characteristic free from occurrence of cohesion with less fishiness. To this end, the present invention comprises, first, peeling washed raw carrot, carrying out enzyme deactivation processing within one day, preferably, within 12 hours after peeling, and second, completely deactivating pectin esterase activity of carrot and carrying out enzyme deactivation processing so that a residual rate of pectinase activity is less than 60%. Such an enzyme deactivation processing may be done by blanching carrot till an internal temperature reaches 70 to 80° C. in water at 70 to 80° C., or blanching carrot till an internal temperature reaches 60 to 70° C. in 0.02M to 0.05M citric acid solution at 60 to 70° C., or processing carrot with supercritical carbonic acid gas by a microbubble SC—CO2 method.

Abstract: Precooked and dehulled corn flour for arepa and tortilla is produced in a continuous process. First, the whole cleaned kernel is wetted and crushed to obtain two fractions. The fine fraction only is air-dried and sieved, while segregating both fractions through aspirations to isolate a floury-grit and hull fraction, incorporating the isolated fractions for animal feed by-product, and further producing an endosperm-germ fraction. The endosperm-germ fraction is conditioned and precooked fraction, cooled, air-dried and stabilized as to moisture content in the flaked material. It is then ground to particulate form, separating and collecting fine particles from coarse particles which are further processed, subjecting only the fine particles to centrifugation to yield an integral arepa flour, and, if desired, admixing the fine flour with lime to make a masa flour.

Abstract: A process for ecologic cooking of food, comprising providing an external container, the external container having a cover, the cover having a regulator for regulating steam, gas generated in cooking of foods, or both; providing an internal container, the internal container containing foodstuff; wherein the internal container hangs inside the external container from one or two points; and a space is formed between the internal container and the external container preventing the foodstuffs from contacting with red-hot metal of the external container, and heating the internal container with water, steam, or water-steam wherein the maximum temperature reached by the foodstuff in the internal container is the temperature of the water, steam, or water-steam. Preferably a first ambient of heat tempered by humidity is formed in the internal container and the first ambient of heat is uniformly tempered with a second ambient of heat comprising heated water, steam, or heated water-steam.

Abstract: A method for steam-cooking shrimp at reduced temperatures below 100° C. to decrease the loss of shrimp by weight during the cooking process. An exemplary apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention includes a steam cooker with a conveyor belt for continuously transporting shrimp product into and through a cooking chamber open to the atmosphere. Thermostatic controls allow the temperature of the cooking chamber to be adjusted for the proper cooking time depending on the size of the shrimp and their loaded density. The cooking chamber contains a substantially homogeneous gaseous environment of a steam mixture for even cooking. Adjusting the speed of the conveyor belt can control the dwell time of the shrimp in the cooking chamber. Results of testing have shown that, to heat shrimp to an internal temperature of 62.8° C.

Abstract: A rotary blancher having a food product receiving chamber sealed substantially everywhere except at its food product inlet and food product outlet to permit operation using solely a non-liquid heat transfer medium that is a gas or vapor that preferably is steam. To minimize loss of heat transfer medium out the inlet and outlet, some atmosphere preferably is vented. Preferably, the blancher can also use a liquid heat transfer medium or liquid and non-liquid heat transfer combined media. During operation, food product is introduced into the chamber and a rotary food transport mechanism urges the food product toward the outlet. The heat transfer medium is introduced into the chamber where it comes into contact with the food product. After heating the food product to the desired temperature, the food product is removed from the blancher. Preferably, food product is blanched in this manner in a continuous flow process.

Abstract: A method and rotary blancher for processing food product using a heat transfer medium and directed flows of a fluid that can comprise a liquid, a gas, a vapor or a combination thereof. The directed flows can be discharged from orifices or banks of orifices that are distributed around the food products in the blancher. The flows are discharged at a high flow rate, a high pressure, or a combination of both. Where a liquid is discharged, it preferably is discharged at a flow rate of at least 20 gpm and at least 30 psi. Where a gas is discharged, it is discharged at a flow rate of at least 60 CFM at a pressure of at least 2 psi or at a flow rate of at least 10 CFM at a pressure of at least 80 psi. If desired, discharged fluid can be recirculated to save energy. To help increase agitation and help break up clumps of food products in the blancher, direct-contact mechanical agitation devices, such as baffles, can be used.

Abstract: Softened unpolished rice on which knurling patterns are formed is provided. The rice has pores and cracks formed on a rice bran. Furthermore, the method of preparing the same is provided.

Abstract: A rotary blancher that is sealed such that it can be positively pressurized during operation to a pressure greater than the ambient pressure outside the blancher to increase food product heating speed and efficiency. The blancher has a sealed housing, a sealed food product inlet, and a sealed food product outlet all for enabling an atmosphere inside the blancher to be positively pressurized. A heat transfer medium, such as a heated gas, a heated vapor, a heated liquid, or a combination thereof is introduced into the blancher to heat the food product inside the blancher. In one preferred embodiment, steam and hot water comprise the heat transfer medium. During operation, food products are continuously or substantially continuously introduced into the blancher through the food product inlet, continuously or substantially continuously processed by the blancher, and thereafter continuously or substantially continuously discharged from the blancher through the food product outlet.

Abstract: A method for the steam treatment of beans in which beans are inserted into a chamber (1). Steam at high pressures (“pressure” hereinafter indicates a gauge pressure) of 5 to 7 Kg/cm2, and at high temperatures 158 to 169° C. is jetted into the chamber. Beans in chamber (1) are exposed to the saturated steam at high pressures of 5 to 7 Kg/cm2 and high temperatures of 158 to 169° C. for a period of 15 to 30 seconds so that boiling of beans achieved in a sterilized state.

Abstract: Food cooking apparatus for melting cheese disposed on a food product. The cheese topped food product, for example a bun half, burger patty and cheese stack, is transferred in and out of a cooking chamber by a trolley. Entry of the trolley to the cooking chamber starts a cooking cycle. A steam generator provides pressurized steam from a location just above the cheese by a distance of up to about 2.0 inches for a short time until the cheese is melted. The trolley carries a transport medium upon which the food product is placed. A plurality of holes is disposed in the medium to remove from it any water formed by condensation. The steam generator includes a heated platen and a lid that form a steam generating chamber. Water is injected into the chamber onto the heated platen in a small enough quantity that substantially all of the water is converted to steam substantially instantaneously.

Abstract: A method for hydrothermal processing of a raw grain composition for production of food or animal feeds is provided. The method includes the steps of contacting a raw grain composition in a conditioning chamber with steam produced from boiler water in a boiler and delivered through a conduit including a pressure-reduction valve and through a steam inlet on the conditioning chamber. The method further includes the step of selecting the pressure-reduction valve to reduce the pressure in the conduit downstream of the valve to a value of no less than 30% of the boiler pressure. The method also includes the step of sizing the conduit so that stoichiometric amounts of steam can be delivered to the conditioning chamber at a linear velocity in the conduit of about 8,000 to about 12,000 feet per minute measured downstream of the pressure-reduction valve.

Abstract: A process for producing fully and uniformly gelatinized hulled oats comprising the steps of:(i) adding water to the oats; and(ii) subjecting the moist oat product of step (i) to sufficient temperature and pressure for a suitable period of time to cause full and uniform gelatinization of the oats.

Abstract: An oven for continuous cooking of products carried upon a open mesh wire conveyor provides the impingement of a cooking vapor from air discharge structure having ports arrayed above and below the conveyor. The discharge ports extend laterally of the conveyor and communicate with upper and lower plenums each charged by blower fans which draw cooking vapor from low pressure corridors alongside the product conveyor. Gas, electric or thermo fluid heaters are disposed in the corridors. The discharge ports are in slot form disposed about the apex of a Vee shaped riser spaced from the adjacent riser to provide a low pressure flow channel communicating with the corridors giving a rapid velocity change of the cooking vapor from turbulent to a less turbulent flow. The distance for vapor travel between the upper discharge ports and the product carrying conveyor is variable. Temperature and moisture content of the process vapor can be changed to suit cooking conditions.

Abstract: A convection based cooking apparatus with an insulating baffle to provide improved air-flow and isolation between a cooking chamber and a heating chamber. The heating chamber and the cooking chamber are positioned side by side, and separated by the insulating baffle. The insulating baffle is hollow for holding a liquid and includes an opening for emitting steam. An air passage exists between the heating chamber and the cooking chamber, in such a way that, heated air passes through the passage, flows over the insulating baffle to combine with the steam, and then into the cooking chamber. The air passage is located near the top of the heating chamber and the cooking chamber. As the air passes over the insulating baffle, the air is diffused throughout the cooking chamber and thereby uniformly distributed across a cooking surface within the cooking chamber.

Abstract: A griddle is disclosed having a base with a surface for cooking food items that is heated by pressurized steam circulated through a passageway in the base from a temperature controlled boiler. Steam injected beneath a cover adapted to be placed over the food items cooking on the heated surface can greatly decrease the required cooking time for the food item. A grill heated by the same pressurized steam is also disclosed with a similar cover and steam injection feature.

Abstract: A system enabling the performance of ecologic cooking of food, wherein a first ambient of heat tempered by humidity is built up, containing the food and being uniformly tempered from a second ambient consisting of hot water and/or steam, said device comprising an external container and its cover provided with a device for facilitating the regulation of aeriform fluids and/or steam, within said container there is an interchangeable internal container as an accessory in which food to be cooked is placed, the container and cover are fastened together by a semi-hermetic closing system, said cover having the regulation device for outlet of the aeriform fluid; the internal container is hanging, on at least one point, inside the external container permitting the isolation of food from red-hot metal, so that the food placed in said interchangeable internal container or first ambient of heat tempered by humidity are cooked by effect of heat produced from a second ambient consisting of water and/or steam, the second am

Abstract: A process for precooking fish for removal of skin and bones prior to canning. The precooking process includes the steps of enclosing fish in a pressure vessel, heating the fish under pressure by saturated steam with a temperature of above 214.degree. F. to 270.degree. F. until the heat within the fish is sufficient to enable the backbone temperature to reach about 135.degree. F. with equilibration, removing the fish from the pressure vessel with a backbone temperature of 85.degree. F. and equilibrating the heated fish outside of the pressure vessel until the temperature of the backbones of the fish reach about 135.degree. F.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of baking or cooking food in an environment-protecting and safe way in preferably program-controlled baking-, hot air-, combined steam devices or steam cooking devices, wherein considerable, possibly overheated amounts of steam are produced during baking or cooking and remain in the device when the baking or cooking process has finished. In accordance with the invention, a removal of dampness from the cooking space is always performed prior to the termination of the baking or cooking process.

Abstract: An appliance for cooking food articles includes a receptacle for receiving a quantity of food articles to be cooked, and a sufficient quantity of cooking liquid to only partially immerse the food articles therein; a heater for heating the cooking liquid and the food articles when received therein; a paddle movably mounted with respect to the receptacle so as to be movable therein; and a periodically-reversing drive for driving the paddle back and forth in the receptacle to move the food articles therein back and forth through the cooking liquid. The appliance is particularly useful for frying as it causes all the surfaces of the food article to be crisply fried without absorbing undue quantities of the frying oil. The appliance is also useful for other applications including steaming food, cooking rice, and popping corn.

Abstract: A two-stage steam peeler for peeling the skins of fruit, such as tomatoes, from the body of the fruit, comprising an infeed conveyor (10), a feed valve (12), a pressurized steam chamber (14), an outlet vacuum valve (16), a flexible cable peeler (20), and a pinch roller assembly (22). A first stage heater is provided by an enclosure (90) and steam introduction device (100) that preheats the tomatoes prior to entry into feed valve (12).

Abstract: A method for continuously steaming rice includes the steps of evenly placing rice on a moving carrying surface of a single conveyor belt after the rice absorbed water, primarily steaming the rice by blowing steam to the rice placed on the carrying surface, sprinkling of hot water to be absorbed into the rice, and secondarily steaming the rice by blowing steam into the rice. These steps are performed successively without agitating the rice on the single conveyor belt within a sealed housing. The apparatus has a housing (4, 5) made up of a lower housing member (4) and an upper housing member (5) capable of moving vertically relative to the lower housing member (4). The boundary between the upper and lower housing members (5,4) is sealed by drained water during a steaming step.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a continuous process for the production of rice flour and dough. Rice flour and dough is made by hydrating rice flour or a blend of rice flour and other cereal components, tempering, and then cooking to partially gelatinize the starch in the flour.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining a dehydrated plants, by blanching the chopped plant and subsequently drying the chopped plant until its moisture content is less than 3%. The product retains its natural color and has low microbial content.

Abstract: A tamale roll prepared from a dough comprising from 1 to 15% by weight of wheat gluten in the presence of a humectant such as glycerol and/or maltodextrin, processes for preparing the tamale roll by steaming tamale shape dough followed by freezing or packaging in nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide or their combinations and kept refrigerated. An edible filling such as a meat or cheese filling may be placed on the tamale roll to make a tamale for serving.

Abstract: A moist multi-colored food product is prepared by mixing meat and meat-by-product materials and cereal, fat and water ingredient materials to obtain a base mixture, pumping the base material mixture to an emulsifier device and supplying a coloring solution to the emulsifier device and emulsifying the base material mixture and coloring solution to obtain a colored material mixture emulsion, passing the colored emulsion to a distribution valve which is connected to a plurality of parallel piping lines connected in series to extruders to pass differing colored emulsions to the extruders for extrusion and deposit onto a conveyor for conveying through a steam oven, and to obtain the differently colored product, a first coloring solution is delivered to the emulsifier device for a time, the colored emulsion is passed to the distribution valve and to one piping line and one extruder in series and then after that time, a differently colored solution is delivered to the emulsifier device to obtain a differently colore

Abstract: An apparatus and method of producing a food product is disclosed. The food product is placed inside of an air-tight chamber, in which the food product is to be cooked, wherein steam is generated from a source of water and is introduced into the cooking chamber. The steam heats the inside of the cooking chamber and serves as a heat transfer media to heat the food product as well as a color and flavor transfer media to color and flavor the food product. That is, a flavoring and coloring additive, such as liquid smoke, may be added to the water utilized in generating the steam in order to flavor the food product being cooked. The steam then transfers the flavoring and coloring additive to the food product which condenses on the food product adding flavor and color to the food product.

Abstract: A convective food steamer includes at least one chamber for steaming food and the like in which the steam is dispersed into the chamber through a number of variously oriented and configured nozzles which promote the convective flow of steam within the chamber for more complete and even steaming of the food. Various sets of the nozzles are arranged and configured in combination with baffles in the chamber to generate the convective flow of steam therein. The steam is delivered to the various nozzles through a feed pipe which is in communication with a remotely located steam boiler. The steam boiler may provide steam to a number of remotely located discrete steaming chambers.

Abstract: A dehydrated vegetable product is obtained by:(a) flash blanching a vegetable in about 100% saturated steam;(b) steam cooking the vegetable in 35 to 65% saturated steam; and(c) cooking the vegetable by exposure to infra-red radiation for from 1.5 to 6.0 minutes.This dehydrated vegetable product is particularly useful as a binder in complex moulded products and as a filling or topping component.

Abstract: A mash feed treatment system including a mash feed conditioning apparatus connected in series with a roller mill and a pellet mill. The mash feed conditioning apparatus includes a housing having an interior and an inlet and outlet, a shaft mounted within the interior of the housing having an internal cavity, and mechanisms for rotating the shaft to convey feed within the interior and for introducing steam into the interior via the cavity of the shaft. The shaft and the housing preferably include pressure containment mechanisms for maintaining superatmospheric pressures within the cavity and the interior respectively.

Abstract: An improved process for cooking foodstuffs, e.g. french fried potatoes from a cold initial state, in a hot air oven with a steam phase and a roasting phase, includes the following steps: preheating a refining chamber to a predetermined temperature, introducing the foodstuff to be cooked into a basket mounted for rotation within the refining chamber, switching on a basket-rotating drive, switching on a hot air fan, reheating the refining chamber, refining the foodstuff in the refining chamber, part of the water contained in the foodstuff passing into the ambient atmosphere within the refining chamber, thereby creating an atmosphere of increased moisture (steam phase), replacing the moist atmosphere with relatively drier hot air, thereby beginning a roasting phase, and switching off the heating, fan, and basket-rotating drive when cooking is completed.

Abstract: A potato product is obtained by washing peeled potatoes, cutting the potatoes into slices then treating the slices with superheated steam and coating the steam-treated slices with an emulsion prepared from an edible oil and a starchy material, and the coated potato product may be toasted or cooled and frozen.

Abstract: A method for forming a dehydrated leguminous food product for reconstitution into a ready-to-eat food product. The method includes the steps of cleaning the food product, removing all unwanted material, tempering the food product until it is partially hydrated, steam cooking the food product in a low pressure steam environment, smoothly crushing the food product between at least one pair of rolls, dehydrating the food product, and breaking up the food product to a desired size. The food product produced by the present method has a moisture content of approximately 4% to 14%, and preferably 7%. The product formed by the present method is instantly reconstitutable and has the color, appearance, texture, aroma, and consistency of conventionally prepared pea soup.

Abstract: A method of processing rice to provide a quick-cooking rice includes the steps of fluidizing the rice by recirculation of a gaseous fluid of saturated steam at 100.degree. C. during a first and major part of a cooking time period; injecting saturated make-up steam at 100.degree. C. into the recirculating gaseous fluid in order to compensate condensated steam; spraying water of a temperature close to 100.degree. C. upon the fluidized rice at most during the first and major part of the cooking time period and in an amount calculated for gelatinizing all starch of the fluidized rice; and drying the rice mainly in fluidized state in a successive second zone by dry air.

Abstract: Whole potatoes are optionally peeled and optionally preheated before cutting into strips. The strips are blanched in water before being dipped in an aqueous solution containing sodium chloride, dextrose and chelating agents. The strips are then blanched in steam before being dried in heated air. The partially dried strips are again treated with steam for a short time to blanch the strips, then parfried in oil, cooled for an extended period, and parfried a second time in oil. The strips are then frozen and packaged, ready for reconstitution by frying, oven or microwave rethermalization.

Abstract: Water is circulated in the processing of food products, such as rice, and in quantities sufficient to avoid undesirable clumping within processing machinery. Further, recycled water produced during the processing of food products is recirculated and reabsorbed by the food products. A portion of the water which contains cooked starch is drained off, and the remainder is recirculated in the processing of additional food products. In one application, a method and apparatus for recirculating water in the processing of rice is provided, whereby the ratio of the amount of water used and/or excreted in the processing of the rice as compared to the amount of cooked rice is less than or equal to about 3:1 by volume.

Abstract: An improved extrusion process for making a reconstitutable instant refried bean product, the process including:introducing a bean grind into a co-rotating twin screw extruder;adding sufficient water to the extruder to elevate the moisture content of the bean grind to be in the range of 25-40% by weight;heating the bean grind to a temperature in the range of 100.degree. C. to 180.degree. C.;extruding the cooked bean grind;the improvement including:advancing and massaging the bean grind towards an extrusion die to gelatinize the bean starch and still maintain starch granule integrity in forming a bean dough;selecting a die restriction such that pressure necessary to force such bean dough through the die is approximately equal to the vapor pressure of steam built up due to the product temperatures generated inside the extruder, and by virtue of die selection minimizing expansion and retrogradation of such bean dough;exploding such bean dough from the die as the steam and product escape.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a novel cooking utensil for use in cooking food together with a conventional cooking vessel such as a covered skillet. The cooking utensil comprises a thin, substantially planar food-supporting cooking member having a bottom surface shaped substantially identically to a lower, inner surface of the conventional cooking vessel so that the food supporting member will substantially completely cover the lower, inner surface of the cooking vessel in flush contact therewith when the food supporting member is placed in the vessel, and handle means integrally connected to a central portion of an upper surface of the food supporting member for lifting and handling the food supporting member. The food supporting member preferably has a uniform thickness significantly smaller than the thickness of a bottom wall portion of the cooking vessel, and a continuous surface so that fluid cannot pass therethrough during a cooking operation.

Abstract: A three-stage cooking apparatus and method for automatically cooking food products are provided. The three-stage cooking apparatus has a housing, a first conveyor within the housing for transporting a food product to be cooked thereon, a heating element located above the first conveyor and a condiment dipper located at an end of the first conveyor. The condiment dipper is constructed and arranged to receive the food products from the first conveyor for dipping the food products in a condiment contained therein. A second conveyor is located at an output of the condiment dipper to receive dipped food products thereon. A second heating element may be located within the housing below the first conveyor and above the second conveyor to cook the food products on each conveyor. Another heating element may be located beneath the second conveyor to cook the food products while the same are traveling on the second conveyor. In addition, a method for automatically cooking food products is provided.

Abstract: A meat product, and apparatus and method of producing the same including a piece of meat which is heat treated to have no outer skin about its surface is disclosed. The meat is placed inside of an air-tight chamber, in which the meat is to be cooked, wherein steam is generated from a source of water and is introduced into the cooking chamber. The steam heats the inside of the cooking chamber and serves as a heat transfer media to heat the meat product. The steam and pressure within the cooking chamber are regulated so as to create an atmospheric humidity of 100% within the chamber, so any water present within the meat is prevented from evaporating into the atmosphere of said cooking chamber. The pressure within the cooking chamber may also be reduced so as to produce a low temperature steam from 150.degree. to 180.degree. F. to cook the meat product. A flavored ingredient, such as liquid smoke, may be added to the water utilized in generating the steam in order to flavor the meat product being cooked.

Abstract: An enhanced hydration extrusion cooking system, method and extruded product are provided which utilize a conventional extrusion cooking system with a material feed bin feeding material to a conditioning cylinder, from which it is fed to a cooking or forming extruder. An enhanced hydration subsystem is provided for providing a high-starch slurry to the conditioning cylinder, which can be gelatinized immediately prior to or promptly upon entry to the conditioning cylinder. The enhanced hydration subsystem includes a make-up tank receiving high-starch powder and water, which are mixed therein to form a slurry. The slurry is transferred to a pumping tank, from which metered amounts of the slurry are pumped to the conditioning cylinder. The slurry provides a source of pre-gelatinized starch which facilitates the extrusion cooking process and provides a number of desirable characteristics in the extruded product.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for cooking bacon bits which uses a continuous cooker. Bacon and bacon fat are delivered to the cooker which uses an auger to move the bacon from one end of the cooker to the other. The cooker is heated, for example, using a steam supply to heat a jacket on the outside of the cooker. The auger moves the bacon and bacon fat from the beginning point of the cooker to the exit point of the cooker. The heated jacket provides the heat needed to cook the bacon. Steam is injected in the casing to bubble through the oil and product.