Abstract: A method for producing a laminated, imperforate or non-docked product. The dough is formulated and prepared for cooking by frying, during which partial delamination through the production and coalescence of expanded gas cells within the dough are controlled by the formulation, mixing, sheeting and proofing of the dough prior to cooking, and by the selective confinement of the dough piece during cooking, as in immersion frying and sequentially. The product is suitable for topping, followed by freezing, packaging, and ultimately, for baking into a comestible product, such as pizza.

Abstract: Shortening-containing protein enriched biscuits are obtained by using as protein fortifier, a whey protein concentrate wherein the whey protein is substantially oxidized.

Abstract: A novel acidogen system containing an aliphatic C.sub.2-6 dione and hydrogen peroxide is used in the production of acidified dairy products, in the production of soybean curd by acidification and in a chemical leavening system for the production of raised bakery products.

Abstract: A breadmaking method and apparatus particularly adapted for household use. A combined trough and baking-pan unit is removably mounted on a lift table arranged in the oven and, when raised, is automatically covered by a downwardly spring-biased closure member and receives a measured amount of water as allowed to fall down through the bottom port of a water tank provided above and through holes formed in the closure member. Also provided are agitator means which are operable to act upon the mixture in the combined trough and baking pan unit raised. For fermentation and degassing of the dough thus formed in the unit, the lift table is lowered to its bottom position and held there for an appropriate length of time and thereafter the oven temperature is raised to a suitable level.

Abstract: A new leavening acid composition is provided comprising a potassium modified 1:3:8 sodium aluminum phosphate, the calcium modified derivatives or mixtures thereof in combination with an alkali metal acid pyrophosphate such as sodium acid pyrophosphate. The leavening action of the combination in biscuits using a slow sodium acid pyrophosphate is slower than the action of either ingredient alone. The compositions are useful in leavening baked goods and especially refrigerated canned biscuits.

Abstract: Flour substitutes such as purified plant cellulose and modified starches can be improved by adding thereto from about 1 to about 3.5 percent by weight of xanthan gum, and from about 2 to about 7 percent by weight of an emulsifier, such as lecithin.

Abstract: Process for preparing a high density bread having a relatively strong cell structure which is suitable for making bread crumbs or cubes for use in stuffing mix which comprises preparing a fully developed yeast containing bread dough with an initial mixing to full development, and resting said developed dough. Thereafter dividing, and then baking said dough, during baking the dough being initially subjected to a temperature sufficiently high and for a period of time effective to kill the yeast and prevent substantial oven spring and then continuing baking until the bread dough is fully baked. This process is carried out either without a proofing step or with a minimal proofing step prior to the baking of the dough, the proofing and oven spring being limited so that the density of the resultant baked bread is within the range of about 17 to 36 lbs/cubic foot. The bread is then staled and divided into crumbs or cubes for incorporation into a stuffing mix.

Abstract: Alkali metal aluminum phosphate granules having a calcium rich outer surface are provided which are characterized by improved flow and dusting properties as well as lower hygroscopicity without a change in leavening acid performance. The product can be used as a leavening acid in moist doughs, and liquid batters, such as pancake batters and other premixed liquid batter. Longer storage life for liquid or dry products is possible.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high protein snack food including the steps of inoculating whey, such as derived from cheese making, with yeast, incubating the mixture with aeration until substantially all the whey lactose is utilized by the yeast, heating the culture to precipitate the whey protein, separating the whey protein and yeast cells to provide a paste-like material, mixing the whey protein and yeast cell paste with a filler composed of potato flakes or corn starch or a mixture of the two, plus either baking powder or baking soda (to reduce acidity), plus salt, and egg whites, into a dough, extruding the dough to provide snack-like pieces, frying the pieces in a deep fat fryer, and then cooking the fried pieces in a microwave oven.

Abstract: A process for making a cake and icing having a highly porous structure having an icing coated on and entrained throughout the porous structure by combining an effervescent beverage cola into a flour based batter, baking, adding additional holes to the hot baked cake and subsequently adding an effervescent cola based icing to the hot cake thereby causing the effervescing icing to penetrate the interior pores of the cake as well as providing a coating thereon.

Abstract: A method of processing fermented soybeans by freeze-drying the fermented soybeans in a vacuum and separating the dried soybeans into an outer layer portion and an inner layer portion, and a method of preparing instant fermented soybeans or instant rice containing fermented soybeans by contacting the inner layer portion with water with or without precooked rice for reconstitution and adding a powder of the outer layer portion to the reconstituted mass.

Abstract: The shortening requirement of leavened baked goods can be at least partially replaced with a whey protein concentrate wherein the protein is substantially undenatured and non-oxidized. Protein enriched, lower fat content products such as biscuits are prepared.

Abstract: A bread containing substantial quantities of alfalfa provides a convenient, palatable form of introducing significant quantities of alfalfa into the human diet. The bread, which preferably contains honey, retains bread-like texture, taste and odor despite the presence of substantial quantities of alfalfa. Alfalfa, a nonnutritive fiber, functions as a hypocholesteremic agent.

Abstract: Method for making a mixture-type product by preparing a pumpable slush to contain a portion of the product ingredients and then mixing the slush with other product ingredients. Where product temperature control is important, e.g. where the separate mix contains an ingredient which tends to be unstable at elevated temperatures, the slush also serves a cooling and stabilizing function. The slush is prepared by supercooling an aqueous solution of water-soluble product ingredients. For example, water, salt and sugar are used in the manufacture of a food product, dough, and a slush is prepared containing the salt and sugar. Other ingredients of the dough, including a leavening agent which is not stable at the processing temperature and would tend to leaven the dough, are blended as a separate mix.

Abstract: A highly nutritional baked product, high in both protein content and vitamin content, stable against loss of protein efficiency ratio and vitamin potency, and further stable against staling and microbial growth and process for preparing same is disclosed. The product is additionally shelf stable, requires no refrigeration, is low in calories, high in nutrition, low in cholesterol and low in reducing sugars. The product contains added vitamins and minerals and protein. Water content must be maintained between 15% and 45%, and the product is stabilized by having at least about 15% by weight of sugar or sugar equivalents with at least 3% by weight of a polyhydric alcohol in the base. The product may have a sugar containing topping and has a frosting containing vegetable oil or fat coated vitamins.