Abstract: In some aspects, the present disclosure provides an advantageous process for preparing meat curing agents. In some embodiments, a process for continuous conversion of plant-based nitrates to nitrites includes: inoculating a source material liquid comprised of nitrates with a bacterial culture capable of converting nitrates to nitrites; when nitrites in the source material liquid reach a desired concentration, harvesting a first harvest volume of the source material liquid at a harvest rate; and replenishing the harvested volume of the source material liquid with source material liquid comprising additional nitrates at a feed rate, wherein the harvest rate is higher than the feed rate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is at least one low protein yogurt composition comprising at least one dairy ingredient, dairy alternative ingredient, or mixture thereof, and a texturizing agent comprising an inhibited starch and a non-granular, enzymatically-debranched waxy potato starch, wherein said low protein yogurt comprises less than 2.9% dairy protein content, and at least one method for making these low protein yogurt compositions. Also disclosed herein is a texturizing agent comprising an inhibited starch and a non-granular, enzymatically-debranched waxy potato starch.

Abstract: A method for recycling protein waste and producing an edible product for animal consumption comprises grinding animal carcasses or parts thereof and thereafter acidifying the waste. The acidified waste may then be emulsified, followed by a heat shock and then fed to animals. Alternatively, a second emulsification may be employed prior to being used for animal consumption. The emulsified products may be provided to animals as a liquid, or dried to a paste prior to use.

Abstract: Shown here is a process for preparing a concentrated liquid composition (such as a broth) from poultry or other meat sources without the use of any enzymes. The resultant composition may have high content of solids but are pumpable or pourable and have relatively long shelf life at room temperature. Also shown are methods of extracting proteins from raw poultry or other meat sources at relatively low temperatures. Methods of making a high protein curd is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes and systems for converting fresh food waste into nutrient rich hydrolysates and particulate compositions. The invention also relates to the hydrolysates and compositions useful, for example, as fertilizers, feedstock or other nutrient supplements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for generating methane from a carbonaceous feedstock with simultaneous in situ sequestration of carbon dioxide to afford a biogas comprising at least 85 percent by volume methane, the method comprising anaerobically incubating a particulate additive in contact with a carbonaceous feedstock in a neutral or alkaline aqueous culture medium containing a culture of methanogenic consortia and collecting methane generated therefrom. The additive comprises at least one material selected from a biochar, an ash produced by gasification or combustion of a carbonaceous material, a black carbon soil, and a Terra Preta soil.

Abstract: A multi-part nutritional supplement system supplies nutrients to a user at advantageous locations in the digestive tract. One type of dosage unit is formulated to release vitamin B12 in the stomach and intestines of the upper GI tract, advantageously in an amount that is greater than or at multiple levels of the DV (Daily Value) of vitamin B12.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes and systems for converting fresh food waste into nutrient rich hydrolysates and particulate compositions. The invention also relates to the hydrolysates and compositions useful, for example, as fertilizers, feedstock or other nutrient supplements.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes and systems for converting fresh food waste into nutrient rich hydrolysates and particulate compositions. The invention also relates to the hydrolysates and compositions useful, for example, as fertilizers, feedstock or other nutrient supplements.

Abstract: Example embodiments provide an apparatus that is useful for recycling protein waste and producing fuel from protein waste. Waste is ground by a grinding means and digested by a enzyme digest medium composed of enzymes, preservatives, inedible egg and or a waste fluid that may include other protein sources with or without fat. The ground proteins are digested with the enzyme in recirculated digest tanks. Fat can be collected from the tank by addition of acid and separation of fat from water with a centrifuge. Alternatively the ground protein and enzyme can be fermented and gas collected from the digest tank in a pressure tank with a compressor. The protein solubles are emulsified, separated from water, and extruded before drying. Either fat or gas can be used to fuel a dryer. Example embodiments provide a highly digestable paletable food stuff from protein waste which is usable for pet, livestock, or an aquaculture diet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for converting nitrates to nitrites and to specific compositions of bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus vitulinus species optionally in association with lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus genus or Pediococcus genus and their use for developing the red color of a food product containing myoglobin.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the field of reddening of food products. In particular the present invention relates to a two-phase fermentation method for boosting the nitrate reductase activity of Staphylococcus strains with nitrate reductase activity comprising a first aerobic phase in the absence of nitrate and a second anaerobic or oxygen limited phase with continuous nitrate feeding and use of the Staphylococcus strains for reddening of most products.

Abstract: An asparaginase enzyme derived from the fungi Basidiomycete, in particular the Basidiomycete is Flammulina velutipes. A method for hydrolysing at least one of L-asparagine or L-glutamine. A method for reducing acrylamide formation in a substance comprising L-asparagine is also described.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the prevention and/or reduction of acrylamide formation and/or acrylamide precursor formation in a foodstuff containing (i) a protein, a peptide or an amino acid and (ii) a reducing sugar, the process comprising contacting the foodstuff with an enzyme capable of oxidizing a reducing group of the sugar.

Abstract: A sealed battery includes: a columnar battery case encapsulating a chargeable/dischargeable electrode assembly and electrolyte in an interior and having a vent that cleaves up when a pressure in the interior exceeds a threshold; a cover that covers at least a portion of an outer surface of the vent of the battery case to prevent the vent from being covered with resin which is formed on the battery case; and a temperature protection device electrically connected with a terminal of the battery case and capable of blocking electric current when a temperature exceeds a threshold. The cover includes an overhang located to cover at least a portion of the temperature protection device when the temperature protection device is mounted on the cover. The temperature protection device is at least partially covered with the overhang and, together with the cover, covered with the resin.

Abstract: The invention provides for compositions and methods for the preservation of meat tissues, including fish, beef, poultry and pork us phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a process for preparing a concentrated liquid composition (such as a broth) by heating and by treatment with one or more enzymes. The resultant composition may have high content of solids but are pumpable or pourable and have relatively long shelf life at room temperature.

Abstract: A method of measuring digestibility of food proteins is disclosed, the method comprising using protease enzymes in combination with an ultra filtration step.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for preparing an animal digest having enhanced palatability, comprising: a) providing animal viscera; b) contacting said animal viscera with at least one alkaline endopeptidase in an appropriate amount; c) allowing said alkaline endopeptidase to hydrolyze said animal viscera for a suitable period of time; d) thermally treating the thus obtained digest product to inactivate said alkaline endopeptidase; and e) obtaining said animal digest having an appropriate degree of hydrolysis and exhibiting enhanced palatability. The present invention also relates to animal digests having enhanced palatability that are obtainable by such a method, and uses thereof for preparing pet food having enhanced palatability.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for preparing a meat tissue digest having enhanced palatability, comprising: a) providing a meat tissue from animal; b) contacting said meat tissue with at least one alkaline endopeptidase; c) allowing said alkaline endopeptidase to hydrolyze said meat tissue; d) thermally treating the thus obtained digest product to inactivate said alkaline endopeptidase; and e) obtaining said meat tissue digest having enhanced palatability. The present invention also relates to meat tissue digests having enhanced palatability that are obtainable by such a method, and uses thereof for preparing pet food having enhanced palatability.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a melon juice concentrate, such as watermelon juice concentrate, includes a finisher with brushes for separating melon flesh from melon rind including leaving at least 1/16 inch flesh on the rind and screens for separating juice from flesh. The apparatus also includes a steamer to reduce bacteria count on whole melon, a chopper for chopping melons into pieces less than about 16 inches square, an extractor for extracting juice from the flesh, and an evaporator for concentrating melon juice to form melon juice concentrate. The steamer includes a cylinder frame, steam jets directing steam through apertures in the cylinder frame at whole melon therein, and a motivator to move the whole melon along the cylinder frame. The apparatus can also process cantaloupe, honeydew melon, and other melon.

Abstract: This invention relates to polypeptides, more specifically amylase polypeptides and nucleic acids encoding these, and their uses e.g. as non-maltogenic exoamylases in producing food or feed products.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a reducing agent effective for color development of meat and uses therefor. The present invention provides a reducing agent containing a heme reductase derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus. Preferably, crushed bacterial cells of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus natto, Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bacillus mycoides are used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to frozen and freeze dried starter culture compositions comprising microorganisms. The invention also relates to methods of producing the frozen and freeze dried starter culture compositions and methods of using them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for desalting tissue originating from animals. In particular, the present invention provides a method for desalting mucosa tissue, notably mucosa tissue originating from bovine or porcine. The invention also provides a method for preparing animal feed supplement or additive enriched in nutritional elements readily available to the animal, in particular to the young animal, for example young piglets, chickens, calves or aqua species. The invention also provides a low-salt content or a salt-free animal feed supplement and a feeding or growing method using the same.

Abstract: The process for upgrading fresh meat is effected by adding the mold fungus Thamnidium elegans during the maturing of the meat, storing the meat within a temperature range between 0 and 8° C., storing the meat at a relative air humidity between 50% and 95%, and storing the meat for between 21 and 100 days.

Abstract: A probiotic composition, delivery device, method of forming, and a method for delivery are disclosed. The composition may be in the form of a spray, mist, film, or the like suitable for use with any pre-formulated pet food product, whether in solid or liquid form, and further to the use of the spray directly on the coat or skin of an animal. The probiotic spray may also be applied directly into a cavity of the animal, for example into its mouth or nasal passages. The probiotic composition provides multiple strains or species of viable bacteria that provide health benefits when ingested, and is shown herein primarily for consumption by or use on/in animals, though the invention is not limited in any way to use strictly for animal intake, but may also be suitably used for human ingestion.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a reducing agent effective for color development of meat and uses therefor. The present invention provides a reducing agent containing a heme reductase derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus. Preferably, crushed bacterial cells of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus natto, Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bacillus mycoides are used.

Abstract: Example embodiments provide an apparatus that is useful for recycling protein waste and producing fuel from protein waste. Waste is ground by a grinding means and digested by a enzyme digest medium composed of enzymes, preservatives, inedible egg and or a waste fluid that may include other protein sources with or without fat. The ground proteins are digested with the enzyme in recirculated digest tanks. Fat can be collected from the tank by addition of acid and separation of fat from water with a centrifuge. Alternatively the ground protein and enzyme can be fermented and gas collected from the digest tank in a pressure tank with a compressor. The protein solubles are emulsified, separated from water, and extruded before drying. Either fat or gas can be used to fuel a dryer. Example embodiments provide a highly digestable paletable food stuff from protein waste which is usable for pet, livestock, or an aquaculture diet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a protein emulsion from bone material from which meat has been at least partially removed. The invention also relates to the protein emulsion obtained with such a method and to the use of this protein emulsion. In addition, the invention also relates to a food product comprising the protein emulsion according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides yeast transformed with a nucleic acid molecule (GAT1) to reduce nitrogen catabolite repression of asparagine transport/degradation and/or overexpress genes (ASP1 or ASP3) encoding cell-wall or extracellular proteins involved in asparagine degradation and/or genes (AGP1 or GNP1 or GAP1) encoding proteins involved in asparagine transport under food preparation/processing conditions. The genetically modified yeast has enhanced ability to reduce acnlamide concentration in foods prepared by heating. Also provided are methods and uses of the transgenic yeast for reducing acnlamide in a food product and food products having reduced acrylamide content prepared using the transgenic yeast.

Abstract: An enzyme treatment solution of the present invention is adapted to be used in a softening method for softening an animal-based food material composed of meat or fish and shellfish by subjecting it to an enzyme treatment using the enzyme treatment solution. pH of the enzyme treatment solution is 8.0 or higher but lower than 10.5, and a salimeter measurement value obtained by measuring an electrolyte concentration of the enzyme treatment solution using a salimeter as a salt concentration is 0.7% or more but less than 3.0%. This makes it possible to reliably soften the animal-based food material while maintaining mouthfeel and flavor thereof, thereby obtaining a softened animal-based food material having smooth mouthfeel.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the prevention and/or reduction of acrylamide formation and/or acrylamide precursor formation in a foodstuff containing (i) a protein, a peptide or an amino acid and (ii) a reducing sugar, the process comprising contacting the foodstuff with an enzyme capable of oxidising a reducing group of the sugar.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enzyme preparation containing, as the active ingredient, an acidic or alkaline substance capable of shifting the pH value of the preparation toward a pH range wherein the expression of activity of a transglutaminase is inhibited when the transglutaminase is dissolved in the presence of collagen in a solution. The present invention also provides a process for producing a food by using the aforementioned enzyme preparation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for generating methane from a carbonaceous fuel source with simultaneous sequestration of carbon dioxide, the method comprising anaerobically incubating a particulate alkaline earth metal salt in contact with a particulate and/or dissolved carbonaceous feedstock in a neutral or alkaline aqueous culture medium containing a culture of methanogenic bacteria consortia and collecting methane generated therefrom. At least a portion of carbon dioxide produced during the incubation reacts with the alkaline earth metal salt to form an alkaline earth metal carbonate, thereby sequestering the carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A chew for a domestic animal comprises one or more sheets of a chewable bovine rawhide formed into a shape suitable for chewing by a domestic animal, wherein the one or more sheets has a mass loss of at least 45% as measured by the Degradability Standard Test Protocol. The bovine rawhide is made with a process that includes treatment with an enzyme. A process of making a pet chew from a split bovine hide comprises treating the split bovine hide with an enzyme solution.

Abstract: By using phospholipase C and/or phospholipase D when producing a processed meat product, water content released while the processed meat product is stored can be suppressed without adversely affecting the texture, such as the hardness and flexibility, of the processed meat product.

Abstract: There is provided use of a conversion agent to prepare from a food material a foodstuff comprising at least one functional ingredient, wherein the at least one functional ingredient has been generated from at least one constituent of the food material by the conversion agent.

Abstract: Variants of Bacillus sp. TS-23 strain alpha-amylases exhibit improved enzymatic performance, including increased themostability, reduced calcium dependence, increased washing/cleaning performance, and baking ability. Compositions comprising these variants are useful in methods of starch processing, starch liquefaction, fermatation, starch saccharification, cleaning, laundrying, textile desizing, baking, and biofilm removal.

Abstract: Variant polypeptides derivable from a parent polypeptide having non-maltogenic exoamylase activity, in which the variant polypeptides comprise an amino acid mutation at one or more positions selected from the group consisting of: 121, 161, 223, 146, 157, 158, 198, 229, 303, 306, 309, 316, 353, 26, 70, 145, 188, 272, 339, with reference to the position numbering of a Pseudomonas saccharophila exoamylase sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for converting nitrates to nitrites and to specific compositions of bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus vitulinus species optionally in association with lactic acid bacteria such as Lactococcus genus or Pediococcus genus and their use for developing the red color of a food product containing myoglobin.

Abstract: Meat extract (warm and/or cold blooded animal) having a protein content of at least about 50% or greater and is substantially fluid or pourable at ambient temperature of about 15-25 degrees C. or more. The meat extract may have a viscosity ranging between about 1000 cP to no more than about 40000 cP for temperatures of about 20-80 degrees C. The meat extract may have a protein content of at least about 50%-about 70% with an extract moisture content of about 25%-40%, and a salt content of less than about 5%, e.g., less than 1%. The protein may have a minimum of about 22% of total essential amino acids, e.g., about 3.0% of L-Leucine and/or about 0.2% of L-Tryptophan. Also disclosed is a process of manufacturing a meat extract by extracting meat with water and at least one enzyme, e.g., a proteolytic enzyme, e.g., at least one endopeptidase (amino-endopeptidase and/or at least one carboxy-endopeptidase) and/or at least one exopeptidase, e.g.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for reducing or eliminating the presence of pathogens in meat or meat products are disclosed. Administration of one or more lactic acid producing microorganisms to a live animal, to a carcass, to meat, to meat products, or in animal feed results in significant reductions in the amount of pathogens potentially harmful to humans when ingested. Synergistic effects can be achieved with the administration of multiple strains of microorganisms.

Abstract: A method of making raw sausage by an accelerated maturing process consisting of modifying conventional recipes and basic principles relating to the making of raw sausage by adding between about 5 mg and about 25 mg, preferably 10 mg, of folic acid or folate or both per kg of sausage meat.

Abstract: There is provided use of a conversion agent to prepare from a food material a foodstuff comprising at least one functional ingredient, wherein the at least one functional ingredient has been generated from at least one constituent of the food material by the conversion agent.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for producing a meat based food product by treating meat with a phospholipase, to a meat based food product obtainable by the method of the invention and to use of a phospholipase for producing a meat based food product.

Abstract: The invention relates to the enzymatic treatment of a proteinaceous substrate with a first enzyme, such as a sulfhydryl oxidase. The first enzyme removes enzyme inhibitors, such as free thiols, present in the proteinaceous substrate. The removal of the inhibitory compounds in the substrate allows for an effective enzymatic action of a second enzyme such as protein cross-linking of the protein present in the substrate by tyrosinase enzymes.

Abstract: Examples of methods, systems and computer accessible mediums related to producing synthetic meat are generally described herein. In some example methods, a substrate configured to support cell growth may be provided. The substrate may be seeded with cells. The seeded substrate may be rolled through a bioreactor having a roll-to-roll mechanism, thereby allowing nutrients and growth factors to interact with the cells. The seeded substrate may be stretched to simulate muscle action. The seeded substrate may be monitored for uniformity of cell growth as it is rolled through the bioreactor. A film of synthetic meat is obtained from the substrate.

Abstract: A method of denaturing a protein by treating the protein with a protein glutaminase and a transglutaminase, a food containing a protein having been denatured with these enzymes, and an enzyme preparation for denaturing a protein which contains these enzymes. A protein is denatured by adding protein glutaminase and transglutaminase to the protein substantially at the same timing, or adding protein glutaminase to the protein before the transglutaminase acts on the protein, or controlling the quantitative ratio of protein glutaminase to transglutaminase, by which a protein is treated, to a definite level.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the use of a lipolytic enzyme obtainable from one of the following genera: Streptomyces, Corynebacterium and Thermobifida in various methods and uses, wherein the lipolytic enzyme hydrolyzes a glycolipid or a phospholipid or transfers an acyl group from a glycolipid or phospholipids to an acyl acceptor. The present invention also relates to a lipolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes at least a galactolipid or transfers an acyl group from a galactolipid to one or more acyl acceptor substrates, wherein the enzyme is obtainable from Corynebacterium species.