Abstract: A substantially pure starch extracted from a starch bearing plant having an amylose extender dull shrunken-1 genotype is disclosed. Maize is the preferred plant. A sol foodstuff containing the starch are disclosed.

Abstract: The rate and ease of water dispersibility and/or water solubility of powdered or granular starch materials are substantially enhanced by the incorporation therein of a small but effective amount of a glycoside surfactant ingredient.

Abstract: A substantially pure starch extracted from a starch bearing plant having a waxy shrunken-1 genotype is disclosed. Maize is the preferred plant. The sols produced for such starch exhibits superior freeze-thaw stability compared to sols made from chemically modified starches. A thickener composition and foodstuff containing the starch are also disclosed.

Abstract: Aqueous slurries of physically and/or chemically modified starch solids, having high starch solids levels, are purified by means of ultrafiltration. An ultrafiltration system is started by circulating water and then the modified starch slurry is added to raise the starch solids level of the stream fed to the ultrafiltration unit to between 20 and 32% by weight. Water is added to the ultrafiltration system, preferably at the same rate at which water is removed from the system in the permeate. After the desired level of purification is achieved the slurry is concentrated to above 35% and then dried.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the stabilization of aspartame, by the formation of an inclusion complex of aspartame and cyclodextrin. The inclusion complex is formed by combining the aspartame with the cyclodextrin in a medium suitable for formation of the inclusion complex before a substantial degree of hydrolysis of the aspartame can occur. Upon drying a dry inclusion complex is formed.

Abstract: A method for preventing deterioration of a food is disclosed wherein an oosaccharide originating from agar or carrageenan or both agar and carrageenan are added to the food. The method is effective to prevent deterioration of foods attributed to retrogradation of gelatinized starch.

Abstract: A dehydrated reconstitutable product is prepared by mixing tomato substance with starch and optionally with flavors, fillers, thickeners and/or auxiliary substances, wherein the starch is at least partially converted into a starch sponge having a grain size of from 0.125 mm. to 6 mm. When reconstituted with an aqueous liquid, the dehydrated product froms a pulpy textured tomato sauce, soup, juice or compote.

Abstract: A structured food or animal feed product comprises a gel formed by the interaction of water soluble components of Chinese grass with amylose or high amylose starch having an amylose content not below 25% by weight. In making the product the amylose or high amylose starch is mixed and allowed to interact in an aqueous medium with water soluble components of Chinese grass, with the optional inclusion of other nutritious material, whereby a gellable mixture is produced, which is formed into solid pieces.

Abstract: A process for preparing a gel confection comprises: (a) heating a first component comprising sugar, water, and a first gelling agent under conditions which activate the first gelling agent; (b) preparing a second component comprising a second gelling agent which is a granular, nonbirefringent cold-water-swelling starch under conditions which prevent activation of the second gelling agent; (c) mixing the first component and the second component under conditions which activate the second gelling agent; (d) obtaining the desired mixture viscosity for forming; and (e) forming the mixture into the desired shape.

Abstract: An imitation cheese product, which is functionally equivalent to a caseinate-based imitation cheese product, contains pregelatinized modified high amylose starches, preferably converted and/or derivatized, as a partial or total replacement for the caseinate present in the cheese. Suitable converted starches include fluidity starches prepared by acid- or enzyme-conversion, oxidized starch prepared by treatment with less than 5% active chlorine, and dextrins having a calcium chloride water fluidity of less than about 50. Suitable derivatives are prepared by treatment with up to 25% propylene oxide, 5% succinic anhydride, and 10% octenylsuccinic anhydride or with a sufficient amount of acetic anhydride or sodium or potassium ortho or tripolyphosphate to provide a maximum of 6% bound acetyl or 0.8% bound phosphate. Mixtures of modified or unmodified high amylose starches with up to 80% by weight of other starches (0-40% amylose) are also suitable.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preventing the retrogradation of foodstuffs containing starchy material, wherein waxy barley starch is used as part of the starchy material. Optionally, a polysaccharide is added to the starchy material.

Abstract: There is provided an extrudable encapsulation matrix composition having improved loading capacity for oils, flavors, fragrances, agricultural chemicals, insecticides, drugs, etc. The matrix comprises a maltodextrin and hydrogen octenylbutanedioate amylodextrin or equivalent.

Abstract: A fatty material and a starch product are brought together and sterilized, then a quantity of sterilized water is added and, by violent agitation, an emulsion is formed which is stored in a pressure dispensing bottle. Measured doses of this emulsion are used as thickeners in daily kitchen use.

Abstract: An improved enteral nutritional hypoallergenic formula is disclosed. The formula contains carbohydrates, lipids, protein hydrolysate, vitamins and minerals and a starch modified by octenyl succinic anhydride which is utilized as the sole lipid emulsifying agent to provide a nutritionally well-balanced dietary formula.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a cold water swelling starch composition which is comprised of a blend of at least two distinct starch components. One starch component is an essentially amylose free starch, while the other is a starch containing at least 20 percent amylose. The starch components are heat processed together under conditions that impart cold water swelling characteristics. The starch composition is useful in instant and convenience food formulations.

Abstract: An instant yogurt-like food product which can be easily and readily reconstituted by simple shaking and which is ready for consumption within two minutes and does not require refrigeration in its preparation, comprises at least one yogurt producing bacteria, a viscosity control agent, an encapsulated starch agent, edible acid, sweetener, dry edible oil, flavoring agent and salt.

Abstract: A dry instant dessert mix composition containing a cold water swelling hydroxypropylated granular starch component, a non-starch saccharide bulking and/or sweetener agent and a high intensity sweetener, which can be readily dispersed and hydrated in cold liquids. The dry mix composition is particularly advantageous in that it can be formulated to provide a reduced calorie dessert mix composition.

Abstract: Chemically and yeast leavened bakery products which have improved shelf lives are provided by the inclusion of an effective amount of a starch or flour selected from a plant of a wxsu.sub.2 genotype in the bakery product dough. Breads which contain the starch or flour, preferably obtained from maize, are provided with a softer, moister crumb after baking as well as a fresher texture and appearance after a storage period.

Abstract: An imitation cheese product which is functionally equivalent to a caseinate-based imitation cheese product, contains pregelatinized modified high amylose starches, preferably converted and/or derivatized, as partial or total replacement for the caseinate present in the cheese. Suitable converted starches include fluidity starches prepared by acid- or enzyme-conversion, oxidized starch prepared by treatment with less than 5% active chlorine, and dextrins having a calcium chloride water fluidity of less than about 50. Suitable derivatives are prepared by treatment with up to 25% propylene oxide, 5% succinic anhydride, and 10% octenylsuccinic anhydride or with a sufficient amount of acetic anhydride or sodium or potassium ortho or tripolyphosphate to provide a maximum of 6% bound acetyl or 0.8% bound phosphate. Mixtures of modified or unmodified high amylose starches with up to 80% by weight of other starches (0-40% amylose) are also suitable.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of producing an artificial truffle and to a composition forming an artificial truffle. The method includes the steps of mixing quantities of alginic acid, protein and starch with water, kneading the mixture, forming the kneaded mixture into one or more balls resembling the shape of a natural truffle, immersing the ball or balls in a solution of calcium salt until the balls have hardened, removing the balls from the solution, forming a seasoning liquid containing seasoning and flavor, and immersing the balls in the liquid.

Abstract: Edible water-in-oil emulsion spreads displaying good organoleptic properties, microbiological stability and release of flavouring ingredients are produced by incorporating, as a component of the dispersed phase of the emulsion, hydrated, non-crystalline, intact, undissolved starch particles.

Abstract: Edible water-in-oil emulsion spreads with good organoleptic properties, particularly with regard to release of salt, are produced by incorporating in the emulsion at least 1 wt. % of native starch granules or agglomerates of native starch granules in the crystalline state, 80-100% of said granules having a diameter of less than 25 microns.

Abstract: A process and a product of a process for producing agglomerated flavor bits is disclosed. The agglomerated flavor bits are produced by mixing a sugar and a vegetable oil with a starch and a gum. Flavorings can be added to this blend. Upon mixing of this blend a corn syrup solution is added and agglomeration occurs. Following agglomeration, the particles are dried and sifted through a U.S. #6 mesh for size. Particles are suitable for use in cooked grain cereals and other foods.

Abstract: Alpha-potato starch with a quality suitable for use as a binder in feeds for fish can be produced by first adjusting the electrical conductivity of a potato starch slurry, then thermal gelatinizing and dehydrating the same.

Abstract: A modified pregelatinized starch which is readily dispersible in water comprising a pregelatinized starch coated with from 0.05 to 20% by weight of a food grade emulsifier. A process for producing a coated pregelatinized starch comprising blending a pregelatinized starch with a mixture of a non-toxic solvent and a food grade emulsifier followed by removing the solvent.

Abstract: A snack-type confectionary product is comprised of a hollow, substantially tubular body, made of extruded cooked biscuit with particular characteristics of lightness, crispness and digestibility, with the ends closed or open, stuffed with more or less fluid cream with or without grains and fruit, possibly covered with chocolate and grains of various kinds. A process is also provided for the production of the confectionary product described above, involving the high temperature extrusion cooking of said biscuit, as well as subsequent operational phases for completing the product.

Abstract: Cheese sauce which is shelf stable, has good mouth feel and has superior tolerance to heat. The cheese sauce includes 5 to 15 weight percent of cheese, 0.1 to 0.7 weight percent of lactic acid, 0.2 to 0.6 weight percent of a nontoxic edible alkali metal salt or a nontoxic edible alkaline earth metal salt, 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent of a dairy protein, 0.5 to 5.0 weight percent of natural cheese flavor, 4.0 to 7.0 weight percent of at least one starch, 0.03 to 0.08 weight percent of carrageen gum, 0.2 to 0.4 weight percent of locust bean gum and guar gum, and 70 to 85 weight percent of water. The weight ratio of the carrageen gum, locust bean gum, guar gum and starch to the water is between 0.05 and 0.11. The weight ratio of the carrageen gum, locust bean gum and guar gum to the starch is between 0.03 and 0.12. The weight ratio of the carrageen gum to the locust bean gum and guar gum is between 0.07 and 0.4. The process of preparing the improved cheese sauce is also unique.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dehydrated base products for thickened soups and sauces which disperse readily in hot water and form thick, creamy, lump-free products. The product is prepared by combining a starchy material with an edible fat into a homogeneous mixture. Water is added to the mixture which may also contain milk proteins. The mixture is then subjected to heat treatment, cooled and grated. Optionally the homogeneous mixture is heated under elevated pressure.

Abstract: A modified non-waxy starch, the processes for making such starch and the salad dressing produced from the modified starch. The modified starch is etherified with an alkylene oxide to a degree of substitution between about 2 to about 3.5% and in a second step is cross-linked with not more than 0.1% cross-linking agent. The modified starch has a shear resistance of about 40 to about 80%, shear resilience of about 70 to about 100% and a gel strength of about 5.0 to about 32.0 ml.

Abstract: A solid composition containing a monosaccharide or/and a disaccharide and an amino acid is stabilized by incorporating therein at least 40%, based on said amino acid, of a polysaccharide with a water content of not more than 3%.

Abstract: The invention provides cereal snackfoods of the expanded variety such as crisps and the like. The snackfoods of the invention comprise discrete cooked portions of a dough composition comprising gelatinized starch and added cereal bran other than rice bran, in which the amylolytic activity of the bran is controlled, and contain at least about 5% by weight and generally no more than about 35% by weight of oil or fat. The snackfoods may be produced from a half product comprising at least some gelatinized starch and added cereal bran by frying or by immersion in a bed of hot particulate material followed by spraying with fat or oil. Even when fried the snackfoods have a lower energy value than comparable known products; moreover they are highly palatable, and the bran content provides a useful source of fibre in any diet.

Abstract: A novel frozen-dessert coated with a viscoelastic material is disclosed. The viscoelastic material is prepared by mixing and kneading starch of substantially amylopectin with saccharides and water. Preferably, the starch is selected from starch of glutinous rice, corn or glutinous corn.

Abstract: A dry particulate mix comprised of a sugar component, a starch component and additional minor amounts of appropriate flavorants, colorants, acidulants and the like, which can be hydrated in a room temperature (or cold) aqueous medium to directly and rapidly form, without need for heating or reliance upon an independent or auxiliary gelation system, a firm, gelled mass suitable for use as a filling for pies, tarts or other pastry products. The starch component comprises a quick-setting, cold-water swellable starch, preferably derived from corn starch, possessing specified properties of solubility, pH, gel formation and gel strength. Also disclosed is a dry mix particularly adapted for preparation of a lemon pie filling.

Abstract: A method for treating teeth to reduce caries is provided wherein the teeth are contacted with a hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, in the presence of a sugar, for example, as contained in a chewing gum composition or toothpaste or powder composition, the hydrogenated starch hydrolysate and sugar being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit growth of Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity or on the teeth.

Abstract: An instant pudding composition which, upon admixture with milk, produces a pudding having a creaminess and smoothness closely similar to that of a cooked starch pudding, while at the same time possessing sufficient firmness and cutting ability to function as a filling for dessert products such as pies or tarts, comprising pregelatinized starch, sugar, an alkali metal orthophosphate, an alkali metal pyrophosphate and an emulsifier component comprising a mixture of mono- and diglycerides.

Abstract: A liquid batter for use in coating foodstuffs prior to cooking comprising a blend of a substantially ungelatinized, highly crosslinked, high amylose starch and water. The batter may be processed aseptically and stored for months.

Abstract: An imitation cheese product, which is functionally equivalent to a caseinate-based imitation cheese product, contains selected edible modified starches as replacements for up to 80% by weight of the caseinate present in the cheese product. Suitable starches include pregelatinized converted starches having a water fluidity (WF) of about 5-90 and an amylose content of at least about 15% to below 40% and selected derivatives and/or crosslinked products thereof. Suitable converted starches include fluidity starches prepared by acid- or enzyme-conversion or oxidized starches prepared by treatment with up to about 2% active chlorine. The starches may be pregelatinized by drum-drying and jet-cooking, or jet-cooking and spray drying.

Abstract: A hot-water dispersible starch-surfactant product and process for preparing the same is disclosed wherein a blend of granular starch and at least about 0.25% by starch weight of a surfactant containing a fatty acid moiety are subjected to heat-moisture treatment. Heat-moisture treatment is carried out at from about 10% to about 40% by total weight at a temperature from about 50.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. Also disclosed are acid stable food thickeners obtained by blending the starch surfactant product with one or more gums in the amount of from about 0.5% to about 10% by total weight.

Abstract: Smooth, elastic and even protein fibres are formed by extruding a mixture of protein micellar mass (PMM) and gellable starch into hot water. The starch may be present in an amount up to about 30 wt % of the PMM. A wide variety of properties can be achieved by varying the concentration of starch. An increase in fibre strength and elasticity is achieved at low concentrations of starch while softer fibres of increased moisture content result at higher concentrations of starch. The fibres are useful in a variety of food analog products.

Abstract: A high amylose starch enrobing slurry comprising a starch material of not less than 50 percent by weight of amylose, wheat flour, and edible acid is applied to the outer surface of a frozen food product. After the starch slurry has been applied, the food product is frozen and then coated with a high melting point lipid. The resulting product is then stored at subfreezing temperatures. After the coated food product is deep fried in lipid, the starch enrobing forms a crisp tender crust that is retained for a substantial period of time.

Abstract: An emulsifier composition for use in starch containing foods which is prepared by melt-mixing a composition consisting of 65 to 90 wt % of saturated fatty acid monoglyceride and 35 to 10 wt % of cis-type unsaturated fatty acid monoglyceride, said composition having an iodine value of 10 to 40, with less than 10 wt % of one or more monoglycerides selected from diacetyltartaric acid esters of monoglyceride, mixed tartaric and acetic acid esters of monoglyceride, tartaric acid esters of monoglyceride and citric acid esters of monoglyceride, and powdering the resultant mixture.

Abstract: A non-dairy dry blend, suitable for reconstitution with milk to provide an imitation sour cream product having the color, flavor, consistency and texture of natural sour cream. This product is particularly useful as a base in food recipes calling for sour cream, such as baked goods and beef stroganoff.The dry blend comprises, as essential ingredients, a spray dried coffee whitener formulation emulsified with a mono- diglyceride; a pregelatinized starch; and an acidifying amount of a food grade acid, of which a flavoring amount is acetic acid; and a milk-soluble hydrocolloid gum.

Abstract: Disclosed are a freeze-thaw stable egg product and a process for preparing it. The product comprises discrete pieces of egg, bound together and covered with a batter coating. Preferably, the discrete pieces of egg include from about 0.5 to about 4.0% of water-binding carbohydrates including cold-water-insoluble starch and hydrophilic colloids to obtain freeze-thaw stability. The use of cold-water-insoluble starch, and the addition of the hydrophilic colloids in a blend with a vegetable oil, are helpful in obtaining good mixing without excessive shear. The egg mixture is cooked, diced and coated with a binder. Preferably, the binder is added in two portions, one dry and one liquid. The dry portion preferably employs cold-water-soluble gelatin which provides structural integrity during forming but is liquid at serving temperature, thereby adding juiciness and enhancing flavor release. The products are batter dipped and preferably breaded, and are preferably prepared for serving by deep fat frying.

Abstract: A cold-water-swelling granular starch material derived from ungelatinized corn starch and characterized by a cold-water solubility of at least 50% is prepared by subjecting granular corn starch, slurried in selected aqueous alcohols, to conditions of high temperature and pressure. The cold-water-swelling granular starch material derived from chemically unmodified (or minimally modified) ungelatinized corn starch has an ability to set to a sliceable gel without cooking or chilling when blended with an aqueous sugar syrup. That granular starch material is particularly useful in food systems of the type which set or gel upon standing such as pie fillings, jellies, demouldable desserts and puddings.

Abstract: A dry, protein-free coffee whitener comprises a dried emulsion concentrate comprising an edible fat having an average particle size of about 1-3 microns in diameter. The fat is stabilized with a degraded and chemically modified starch derivative having a flow viscosity of at least 15 seconds and a lipophilic character in an amount sufficient to provide said concentrate with a starch derivative to fat ratio in the range of 0.05-0.3 to 1. A method of preparing the stable, dry, protein-free coffee whitener comprises forming a liquid emulsion concentrate comprising water and the stabilized edible fat and drying the liquid emulsion concentrate.

Abstract: A method for treating teeth to reduce caries is provided wherein the teeth are contacted with a hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, in the presence of a sugar, for example, as contained in a chewing gum composition or toothpaste or powder composition, the hydrogenated starch hydrolysate and sugar being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit growth of Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity or on the teeth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of branching enzyme, and a method for improving the qualities of food products therewith. According to the present invention, a large amount of branching enzyme with a high specific activity can be easily obtained, and employment of the branching enzyme in food processing remarkably improves the qualities of food products without changing the desirable inherent properties of their amylaceous constituent(s); thus, said food products retain their qualities over a long period of time, prolonging extremely their shelf lives.

Abstract: An instant rice pudding mix which comprises a mixture of a powder comprising 15 to 35% by weight of a finely divided sugar, 25 to 40% by weight of a starch, 5 to 20% by weight of a finely divided fat; 5 to 25% by weight of a dried skim-milk powder; up to 3% by weight of an emulsifier and 0 to 4% by weight of an edible gum; and granules formed by the extrusion of a dough formed from 87 to 100% by weight of rice flour, up to 4.0% by weight of a starch-complexing agent, up to 5% by weight of an aerating agent and up to 4.0% of dried skim milk powder and/or dried whey powder mixed with a proportion of water sufficient to produce an extrudable dough. The pudding mix of the invention may conveniently be made up by the addition of hot or boiling water to produce a product having the texture of a traditional rice pudding. The pudding mix of the invention may be packed in pouches, envelopes or other protective cartons which afford moisture-barrier features.

Abstract: A process for producing a pudding with a specified starch particle size distribution is disclosed. As a result of this process, a very uniform, fine starch particle distribution is produced.

Abstract: A thickener is prepared comprising water and a waxy starch from a selected plant of a wxsu2 genotype, the sol of which starch exhibits superior resistance to breakdown on storage at low temperatures. The starch may optionally be modified. The thickener, which preferably employs a starch extracted from maize, is particularly useful for food applications.