Abstract: The frozen food or food material includes a food or food material processed with from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight of an alkali metal halide or an alkali earth metal halide, from 0.01% by weight to 0.5% by weight of an alkali metal bicarbonate or an alkali earth metal bicarbonate, from 0.0005% by weight to 0.05% by weight of an organic acid, and from 0.05% by weight to 10% by weight of gelatin, and from 0.05% by weight to 10% by weight of polylysine, as needed, each based on the weight of the food or food material, or a mixture of two or more. The frozen food or food material can be stored in cold storage for a prolonged period of time, and the original taste or flavor of the food or food material is not spoiled upon thawing or unfreezing the frozen food or food material.

Abstract: For use in the preparation of fast food product such as hot dogs or hamburgers, buns or rolls which are adapted for heating together with a cooked meat product inserted therein are produced from a dough containing hard white wheat flour as at least part of the starting wheat flour, rice koji and vitamin C. The dough contains a leaving effective amount of yeast and appropriate amounts of conventional additives such as sodium chloride, sugar, oil and fats, milk powder and the like. The dough is free from yeast food, potassium bromate and an emulsifier. The fast food products are packaged with a microwave heatable packaging material in a cooled or refrigerated or frozen state for storage or shipping.

Abstract: A method for producing an animal feed or food item wherein at least one first flow of a viscous mass solidifies under corresponding first process conditions and at least one second flow of a mass of similar viscosity as the first flow, which second flow liquefies under corresponding second process conditions, are mixed in such a way that the individual flows are superimposed in layers. In a next step the flows are subjected, either sequentially or simultaneously, to the process conditions required for the solidification of the first flow and liquefaction of the second flow. A product produced in accordance with the method is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plated frozen meal comprising a plate, a first group of individually frozen predominantly meat-based ingredients positioned on the plate, a second group of individually frozen predominantly carbohydrate-based or predominantly vegetable-based ingredients positioned on the plate, and at least one pellet of frozen sauce. The at least one pellet of frozen sauce is positioned such that when it thaws it facilitates the thawing or heating of at least one of the first or second groups of ingredients. This invention is also directed to a method of increasing the rate of thawing or heating of a frozen plated meal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to nutritionally superior cheese products and their methods of manufacture. More particularly, this invention is directed to the manufacture of nutritionally superior cheese products having at least two phases wherein at least one phase is cheese (e.g., process cheese, uncured natural cheese, cured natural cheese, and the like) and at least one phase is a second edible phase (e.g., a cheese different from the first phase, vegetables, meats, mixtures of vegetables and meats, fruit, nuts, and the like). The nutritionally superior cheese products of the present invention are prepared by co-extruding the two or more phases such that the use of adhesives or heat to bind the at least two phases is not required. Nutritional supplements (e.g., vitamins, calcium, minerals, and the like) can be incorporated into one or more of the at least two phases.

Abstract: A canned pet food product having a base layer and an upper layer. The base layer is formed of solid food pieces in a gravy and has a substantially conical recess formed into its upper surface. The gravy makes up about 20% to about 40% of the base layer. The upper layer is formed of a substantially solid foodstuff and fills the conical recess formed into the base layer. The substantially solid foodstuff provides about 20% to about 80% by weight of the pet food product.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preparing a surface coating composition for an animal food. The process involves combining, in-line along a food processing line, liquid fat and a dry additive to provide a liquid fat-dry additive composition, which then is combined with a liquid additive to provide a surface coating composition. The composition is coated on the food.

Abstract: Shaker delivered savory or sweet seasoning bits formed into various shapes and formats, made from a high protein stabilized crunchy matrix with savory or sweet flavoring and seasonings imbedded within its matrix and coated on the surface thereof.

Abstract: Electrostatic coating compositions are provided comprising a solids content of from 25% to 75% by weight gelatin and from 75% to 25% by weight oxidized starch; or comprising a solids content of from 25% to 75% by weight alginate and from 25% to 75% by weight starch.

Abstract: A food product comprising one or more plastic food substrates is formed into a helical configuration and coated with a fluid barrier agent to prevent reannealing of adjacent turns of the product. The fluid barrier agent may be an edible vegetable oil such, for example, as hydrogenated vegetable oil, Soya oil, rape oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, peanut oil or a mixture of such oils. The product may define a single helix or a multiple helix, e.g. a double or triple helix.

Abstract: A multi-textured food product having a substantially continuous chunky coating. The food product has a central food piece, a thick solid or semi-solid fat-based coating covering the central food piece, and an exterior coating of particles having sizes in the range ⅛ inch through ¼ inch.

Abstract: The disclosed invention includes extrusion apparatus, wherein and by which ground meat replicates selected cuts of natural, unground meat. A ground meat product substantially free of bone and heavy tissue is extruded through a die having a perforated area extending sidewise of the die and constituting at least one row of a series of elongate openings extending closely end-to-end along the perforated area in preferably multilayer rows, the openings of the outer layers of which preferably intercommunicate end-to-end, or even interconnected end-to-end so that a continuous ribbon-shaped, stranded, intermediate product is extruded and may be cut transversely to make final, stranded meat products, both intermediate and final products being preferably enclosed substantially peripherally by an envelope of side by side, substantially merged, longitudinal strands of ground meat that substantially replicates a cut of natural, unground meat.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a helical food product. The method includes the step of extruding one or more plastic food substrates through a nozzle into a hollow shaped part. Relative rotation of the nozzle and the shaping part is caused, thereby forming a product of helical configuration. A fluid barrier agent is applied to the outer surface of the product as it is dispensed from the nozle into the shaping part, which barrier agent is adapted to prevent reannealing of adjacent turns of the helical product.

Abstract: A coaxially combined meat roast (10) is disclosed which comprises a first solid elongated meat mass (12) encasing as a core element along substantially the longitudinal axis thereof within a longitudinal slit-like aperture incised therethrough, a vegetably veneered second solid elongated muscle meat mass (20).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for efficiently making dry-cured meat portions whose weight, size, and shape are easily controlled during manufacturing. The method includes preparing a very thin slice of the cured meat, which is approximately double the size and less than the desired weight of the final portion. To this slice is added a make weight slice of remnants and ham fat, or other binding agent. The “make weight slices” are formed by 1) mixing the lean remnants with semi-emulsified ham fat; 2) placing the mixture into a vacuum stuffer and stuffing the mixture into a fibrous casing; 3) freezing the stuffed casings; and 4) slicing the stuffed casings to form the make weight slices of a desired weight. The make weight slices made according to this method are easy to handle and have a consistent, known weight. The method greatly simplifies the process of making the controlled-weight serving portions.

Abstract: A composite consumable food product in the form of a section of an extruded strand of a first foodstuff impregnated into a second foodstuff. Prior to extrusion of the strand in a twin screw extruder, the first foodstuff is a liquid or a pasty consumable substance, such as a syrup, while the second foodstuff is a plasticized consumable substance, such as a cereal base. The first and second foodstuffs are preferably processed in separate sections of the extruder before a taste or flavor perceptible amount of the first foodstuff is introduced into and uniformly mixed with the second foodstuff prior to extrusion through a die. The resultant extruded strand is typically cut into sections to obtain the final product.

Abstract: A chicken meat product rendered substantially free of pathogenic bacterial species by having an external coating of sodium diacetate substantially free of an adhesive material. The wet coating is retained on the external surfaces of the dressed chicken meat by the surface tension of the sodium diacetate solution after the chicken meat is coated with the solution and is hung freely to permit excess liquid to drain away. The amount of sodium diacetate present in the product of the invention depends upon the degree of pathogenic bacterial contamination of the chicken meat. The sodium diacetate is included in each case in sufficient quantity to preserve the meat from growth of all pathogenic bacteria of the order and species of salmonella, E. coli, and campylobacter.

Abstract: In a method for the manufacture of frankfurters, hot dogs and other skinless sausage products, a meat emulsion is extruded onto a flexible conveyor belt which is then conveyed through a tube whose internal diameter is equal to the desired diameter of the sausage product plus twice the thickness of the conveyor belt. In a camming type process, the conveyor belt is caused, upon its entry into the tube, to temporarily form a cylinder containing the meat emulsion. The temporary belt cylinder together with the surrounded meat emulsion extrudate is then conveyed through an ultrasonic waveform generator to cook an outer layer of the meat emulsion. The outer layer may be part of the meat emulsion or a thermoset gelling material deposited on the extruded meat emulsion. At the exit end of the tube, the conveyor belt naturally opens under internal stresses from its cylindrical shape to a flattened belt. The at least partially cooked sausage is then removed from the belt for further processing or packaging.

Abstract: A food composition, particularly for pets, is prepared by adding and mixing cereal, vegetable protein, animal meal, vegetable by-products and lipid ingredients together and extrusion-cooking the mixture and then passing the extrusion-cooked mixture via a cone member and then a die member to obtain, from the die member, a product wherein a plurality of extrudate band layers form a lamellar structure, after which the lamellar-structure product is cut into pieces to obtain pieces which have a band layer lamellar structure, and then, the pieces are dried. The ingredients are employed and the process is carried out so that the dried product has a protein content of between 14% and 35%, a lipid content of between 2% and 20%, a carbohydrate content of at least 25%, a moisture content of between 2% and 15% and a density of between 0.3 and 0.6 g/cc.

Abstract: The invention provides a meat product comprising extruded inner core of meat substrate and one or more co-extruded outer layers wholly or partly around the core, wherein at least one of the outer layers consists of a meat or fat emulsion. The fibers within the meat or fat emulsion layer are distributed substantially uniformly within the emulsion layer and are disoriented, so as to improve the cohesiveness of that layer. The invention also provides an extrusion nozzle for forming the meat product of the invention.

Abstract: A highly palatable and long lasting dog chew for pets has been developed by combining a formulation and processing sequence which results in a highly palatable meat based filling being incorporated into the center of a preformed rawhide stick or rawhide roll. Such outside rawhide fraction is extremely tough and chewy which results in a dog chew which takes a long period of time for the dog to consume. The inside meat filling is highly palatable which results in the animal maintaining interest in the treat until nearly the entire chew has been consumed. The interior meat filling is preserved by reduced water activity to below 0.85 as a result of incorporating of salt, sugars and natural humectants. Said filling is formulated and processed in such a manner that the water phase is bound within the filling and does not pass by capillary action to the outside rawhide fraction. This results in the outer rawhide shell maintaining a tough and chewable texture until such point as the dog is offered the finished chew.

Abstract: A food coating composition which is manufactured from so-called fragrant or scented rices, which are also known as “aromatic rices,” and which derive their distinct aroma and flavor primarily from a potent aroma component, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. The food coating composition is manufactured by grinding a fragrant rice having a 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline concentration of at least 40 ppb by weight to a predetermined particle size at a predetermined temperature. The resulting food coating composition provides excellent and uniform adherence to the food product, as well as improved crispness. Moreover, the resulting food coating composition provides a unique and distinct aroma and taste which is derived from the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline.

Abstract: A crumb coating composition formed by agglomeration which includes (a) an insoluble powdered first protein at least 80% of which has a particle size of greater than 0.5 mm; and (b) a soluble second protein or a polysaccharide capable of being heat set during crumb manufacture, the final agglomerated crumb coating having an average particle size of about 4 to 15 times the size of the first protein; which is used for coating food products and has beneficial crispness qualities, particularly where the food product is prepared for consumption via microwave heating.

Abstract: A stabilizer for foods or a stabilizer for meat products, which is effective in preventing syneresis and improving water holding capacities, yield, texture, cloudiness and the like in foods, particularly meat products using livestock meat, fish and the like. The stabilizer is characterized in that it contains a composite which has 10 to 90% by weight of a fine cellulose and 10 to 90% by weight of a gelling agent, and that it provides, when dispersed in water, an average fine cellulose particle size of not more than 20 &mgr;m and a fraction of particles having a size of not less than 10 &mgr;m of not more than 70%. The incorporation of the stabilizer can provide a meat product composition which can prevent syneresis and is improved in water holding capacities, yield, texture and other properties.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an apparatus for making grape leaves with meat. The apparatus comprises a mechanism for rolling a grape leaf about the meat. Additionally, the apparatus comprises a mechanism for positioning the grape leaf and meat so the rolling mechanism can roll the grape leaf about the meat.

Abstract: A method and composition for preparing battered and breaded food compositions which resist absorbing oil during deep fat frying. The breading composition is prepared by enriching the breading formulation with calcium. This is accomplished by either dry blending, spray drying or agglomerating (e.g., spray coating or application with subsequent drying), by baking the calcium source into the bread crumb or any combination of the above. The battered and breaded food composition is then treated, with a solution of calcium reactive pectin. The calcium-pectin coating functions to significantly impede the absorption and adsorption of frying oil, increases the moisture content, the crispness and heat lamp stability of the food composition. Alternatively, the food may first be treated with the calcium reactive pectin and then the calcium source, depending upon the circumstances of use.

Abstract: In order to provide a food product which has all the ingredients necessary for cooking, breadcrumbs are applied to a food fillet such as fish, oil being subsequently applied to the food portion after which the product is frozen. Preferably oil is applied at a first temperature in a first step and at a higher temperature in a second step. As a result, it is possible to produce a frozen food product comprising a food portion coated with a coating comprising oil/fat and particulate coating material, the weight ratio of oil/fat to particulate coating material being greater than 2:1, and the food product having greater than 10% by weight of oil/fat. Substantially all of the particulate coating material is coated with oil/fat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plated frozen meal comprising a plate, a first group of individually frozen predominantly meat-based ingredients positioned on the plate, a second group of individually frozen predominantly carbohydrate-based or predominantly vegetable-based ingredients positioned on the plate, and at least one pellet of frozen sauce. The at least one pellet of frozen sauce is positioned such that when it thaws it facilitates the thawing or heating of at least one of the first or second groups of ingredients. This invention is also directed to a method of increasing the rate of thawing or heating of a frozen plated meal.

Abstract: The meat quality-improving agent of the present invention includes an enzymatic hydrolyzate of a protein. By using the above meat quality-improving agent for frozen meats, pressured and heat-sterilized foods, or processed ground meat foods, an improvement in the water binding capacity, suppression of the meat shrinkage upon grilling, and an improvement in the texture is shown.

Abstract: A animal product filled chew toy for dogs comprises a relatively hard hollow casing. A relatively soft animal product filling that includes a preservative, a gelling agent, an animal fat and a meat is contained within the hollow casing. The toy also preferably includes a mold inhibitor.

Abstract: Procedures are provided herein for the optimization of the utilization of crustaceans, e.g., whole lobsters, through the inclusion of under-utilized components. The procedure involves firstly, initiating the detachment of the raw edible deep-shoulder myotomal meat from deep-shoulder cartilaginous skeleton attachment. This may be accomplished either by immersing the head-shell in a solution of protease enzymes, or subjecting the head-shell to at least one freeze-thaw cycle. Then, the so-treated head-shell is subjected to vacuum aspiration to remove, and to recover, the raw meat fraction. Procedures are further-described for the utilization of such recovered raw meat fraction, e.g., to provide stuffing and to provide stuffed crustaceans, e.g., lobsters.

Abstract: A black edible flat film based on collagen with a wall thickness of up to 40 microns that comprises (a) a collagen substrate, and (b) at least one black pigment and wherein the concentration of said pigment is between 2% and 40% by weight based on dry collagen in order to meet the requirements of suppleness and non-transparency. These films are useful in the manufacture of foodstuffs having a black outer coating.

Abstract: An apparatus, and method for cooking and smoking food items and a smoked product produced by the inventive method. The inventive apparatus preferably comprises (a) an oven including a belt-type conveyor, for continuously conveying food items through the oven, and a circulation system for circulating a cooking medium in the oven such that the cooking medium contacts and cooks the food items and (b) a smoke generation and delivery system for delivering smoke to the circulating system such that the smoke contacts the food items along with the cooking medium. The inventive method preferably comprises the steps of (a) continuously conveying food items through an oven and (b) delivering smoke into the oven such that the smoke contacts the food items. The oven used in the inventive apparatus and inventive method is preferably an indirect-fired oven. The smoke most preferably contacts the food items in an impinging manner.

Abstract: A method for processing at least one rope of aerated confectionery foam. The method includes extruding at least one rope of aerated confectionery foam from an extruder. The rope is conveyed from the extruder to a rotary cutter. An anti-sticking agent, such as powdered starch, is applied to the rope as the rope is conveyed from the extruder to the rotary cutter. Finally, the rope is cut into pieces with the rotary cutter. In one preferred embodiment, the rotary cutter is operated to perform at least 5,000 cuts per minute.

Abstract: A low viscosity, high gel strength protein-starch composition is provided. The protein-starch composition contains a denatured protein material and a starch material which are complexed together where the starch material is in a substantially non-gelatinized state. The protein-starch composition has a low viscosity prior to cooking, yet has a high gel strength after being cooked. A meat emulsion is also provided which contains a meat material and the protein-starch composition. A process is provided for forming the protein-starch composition in which an aqueous slurry of a protein material is formed, the protein in the slurry is denatured by subjecting the slurry to temperatures sufficient to denature the protein, a starch material is mixed into the slurry of denatured protein, and the slurry of starch and protein material is spray dried under conditions which cause the protein material and starch material to complex without gelatinizing the starch material.

Abstract: A processed meat product is provided made up of meat and a crosslinked starch product containing a first crosslinked starch which is a potato or tapioca starch and a second crosslinked starch which is a corn starch wherein the first and second crosslinked starches are present at a ratio of 1:3 to 3:1.

Abstract: A food product breading machine comprising a breading material reservoir, a breading station, a food product loading location, a discharge location from which breaded food products are discharged from the machine, and a perforate conveyor belt extending through the reservoir, the loading location, the breading station, and the discharge location. Breading material exiting the breading station falls through the conveyor and a reservoir intake opening below the conveyor belt between the breading station and the discharge location. Breaded food products remain on the belt and are conveyed to the discharge location. A breading support member is movable to a position beneath the conveyor belt between the breading station and the discharge location for preventing breading material from falling from the conveyor through the reservoir intake opening so that breading material is conveyed to the discharge location and the reservoir is emptied.

Abstract: A pet foodstuff and treatment method for reducing the incidence of dental canes in non-human animals is provided. The treatment method includes orally administering the xylitol by allowing the pet to consume the xylitol containing foodstuff in an effective amount. The pet foodstuff is composed of an effective amount of xylitol and an edible pet food. The xylitol may be present as a coating or in bulk.

Abstract: A method and means for coagulating a co-extruded collagen gel on a food product is described wherein a highly dissoluble salt having a dissolubility of at least 8 moles per liter water at 20.degree. C. is applied to the collagen gel whereby the collagen gel is coagulated in less than 60 seconds. The collagen gel is acidified with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid and has a dry matter of between 3 and 25%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a commercial process for preparing battered foods. The process produces a fully cooked food product coated with par-fry batter and includes the steps of: providing a quantity of raw food product; providing a conveying means to convey the raw food product through the various steps of the present invention; steam and heat-cooking the raw food product; chilling the food after the step of steam and heat-cooking, which chilling step both chills the product so that it does not continue to cook, and cools the product before it enters the following battering step; battering the food; par-frying the battered food; and lastly, and freezing the food for shipment.

Abstract: Meat products such as poultry parts are injected with a base marinade or a base marinade massaged into the meat, the base marinade contains less than the total amount of seasoning desired in the meat product. The injected meat product is then placed upon a packaging material such as a tray previously coated with a seasoning layer and the meat product is then coated with another seasoning layer before being sealed in the packaging material so that the balance of the seasoning is supplied from the seasoning layers.

Abstract: Bacon products having very low fat contents are provided from high fat sources which can include pork trimmings. The bacon products are made from a composite of two low-fat meat components. In an illustrated arrangement, one of the low-fat meat components is processed from high-fat content meat trimmings which are comminuted, heated and centrifuged, preferably in conjunction with being phosphated, under specific processing conditions. The second low-fat component in the illustrated arrangement is desinewed to remove substantial amounts of fat associated with the sinew that is mechanically removed from whole muscle tissue. The bacon product has a total fat content of not greater than about 5 percent by weight. It can be of the no-fat or fat-free variety within which fat contents which meet the regulatory definition will vary depending upon the particular type of product being made. Fat contents can be not greater than about 3.

Abstract: An improved shirring solution for cellulosic sausages casings and its method of use is provided comprising carboxymethylcellulose and polyethylene glycol.

Abstract: A food product includes an edible base and an outer coating that contains a whitener such that the resulting food product has a white light color. The whitener includes titanium dioxide, white dye, or other substance that imparts a white color. A process for making the food product includes incorporating a whitener into the process by such means as addition of the whitener into a dry batter mix, addition of the whitener to the water used to hydrate the dry batter mix, passing the edible base through an aqueous solution of the whitener, addition of the whitener after a batter coating has been applied to the edible base, or a combination of the above.

Abstract: An uncooked meat portion that has shape-retaining and non-agglomeration properties is formed by subjecting the meat product to a process that causes controlled migration of soluble protein to the surface of nugget portions for positive internal binding characteristics, and subsequently heating the portions to a sufficient level to denature the surface proteins thereby encapsulating each portion in a thin-layer that will not stick to other encapsulated portions and that will enable each uncooked portion to retain it shape during handling.

Abstract: Within the present invention, a powder or "fines" is created from the targeted wood (i.e. mesquite, peach, hickory, apple). This powder is then sprinkled onto, or rubbed into, the meat (fish, chicken, beet, ostrich, buffalo, etc.) and then the meat is flame grilled. During the flame grilling, the wood powder is incinerated, thereby releasing the wood's flavor into the meat through the smoke.

Abstract: A method for preparing a food portion where the food portion is frozen to a temperature of at least -15.degree. C. a first fat containing layer is applied onto the surface of the food portion and the layer frozen as a first gravy layer, and a second layer of a fat-free liquid is applied onto the first layer and the second layer frozen to inhibiting oxidation of the first layer.

Abstract: A method for coagulating a co-extruded collagen gel on a food product is described wherein a highly dissoluble salt having a dissolubility of at least 8 moles per liter water at 20.degree. C. is applied to the collagen gel whereby the collagen gel is coagulated in less than 60 seconds. The collagen gel is acidified with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid and has a dry matter of between 3 and 255.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for applying a powder blend to a whole meat muscle product and the product so produced. A cooked, whole meat muscle product is placed on an electrically grounded support in a coating chamber to expose a surface of the whole meat muscle product to be coated. A powder blend containing a food grade powder, that is at least partially cold water soluble, and a powdered moisture absorbent agent is then introduced into the coating chamber and an electrostatic charge applied to the powder blend to cause the powder blend to be attracted to and form a coating on the exposed surface to the whole meat muscle product.

Abstract: An uncooked meat portion that has shape-retaining and non-agglomeration properties is formed by subjecting the meat product to a process that causes controlled migration of soluble protein to the surface of nugget portions for positive internal binding characteristics, and subsequently heating the portions to a sufficient level to denature the surface proteins thereby encapsulating each portion in a thin-layer that will not stick to other encapsulated portions and that will enable each uncooked portion to retain it shape during handling.