Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for providing optical communications. Bragg grating used in the optical components and systems of the present invention are produced by selectively hydrogenating one or more selected sections of an optical waveguide in general, and particularly optical fiber. Selective hydrogenation can be performed by selectively establishing local conditions in a first environment conducive to introducing greater quantities of hydrogen into selected sections than into non-selected sections, which are maintained in a second environment. The extent of selective hydrogenation and the hydrogen concentration difference between selected and non-selected section of the waveguide is a function of the temperature, pressure, and time of exposure established in the first and second environments.

Abstract: In a renewing apparatus, a thermal transfer recording medium is made to be used plural times by simple configuration although such a recording medium must be thrown away in the prior art, and the running cost in the printing can be significantly reduced. The apparatus has coating means for applying a thermal transfer recording material including at least one of a photopolymerizing monomer and a photopolymerizing polymer and a coloring agent to a substrate, means for sending the thermal transfer recording medium and means for irradiating light onto the recording material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for reusing an image recording material wherein a releasing property is imparted to at least substrate surface of an image recording material on which an image has been formed of an image forming material containing a heat fusible ingredient, a heat fusible material is added or attached onto the image recording material, a stripping member is contacted under pressure with the heat fusible material while heating the heat fusible material together with the image recording materials to fuse, and the image recording material is peeled off from the stripping member to transfer the image forming material together with the heat fusible material to the stripping member, thereby reusing the image recording material. The materials for imparting a releasing property to the substrate surface include silicone compounds such as silane compounds, preferably those silane compounds containing fine particles such as silicone resins.

Abstract: A method of recycling an image-bearing recording material, at least part of a surface portion having a paper layer which contains cellulose fibers and bears thereon images formed by a thermofusible or thermosoftening ink, includes the steps of causing the image-bearing surface portion of the recording material to hold a water-containing image removal acceleration liquid thereon, and causing the images to adhere to an image releasing member with the application of heat and/or pressure to the images, whereby peeling the images away from the surface portion, with the surface portion of the recording material having a contact angle (cos.theta.) of -0.6 to 0.8 when a liquid with a surface tension of 40 mN/m is placed dropwise on the surface portion of the recording material.

Abstract: A method of recycling a support material for supporting images thereon, at least part of the support material including a paper layer which contains cellulose fibers as the main component and bears thereon hydrophobic images having a coloring agent and a heat softening or thermofusible material, includes the steps of causing the support material to hold a water-containing image peeling liquid thereon; bringing an image peeling member into contact with the hydrophobic images while the image peeling liquid is held on the support material; and peeling the hydrophobic images off the paper layer, with the image peeling liquid being held in an amount of 1.0 g or more per A4-size paper layer, or with the rate of the penetration of the image peeling liquid into the paper layer of the support material being set at 12 ml/m.sup.2 or more for a contact time of 0.

Abstract: An image-bearing member for supporting thereon images formed by a thermofusible or heat-softening ink containing a dye coloring component, at least part of the image-bearing member having a paper layer which contains cellulose fibers and a discoloring agent capable of discoloring the dye coloring component of the thermofusible or heat-softening ink. In addition, a method for recycling the above-mentioned image-bearing member is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regenerating a thermosensitive transfer recording medium 1 comprising a dye layer having a thermally diffusable dye at a concentration, wherein the medium 1 is superposed on a material 10 to be transferred and heated in an imagewise pattern to transfer the dye of the medium 1 to the material 10 to be transferred thereby forming an image. The apparatus comprises a dye supplier 4 containing a thermally diffusable dye at a concentration higher than that of the dye layer, and a heating means 7 for diffusing the dye from the supplier 4 toward the dye layer whereby the dye consumed during the transfer recording operations is supplemented from the supplier 4 to the dye layer. A thermosensitive transfer recording apparatus is also described along with a thermosensitive transfer recording medium and a dye supplier.

Abstract: A thermal transfer type printer having an ink sheet rejuvenation system and method for rejuvenation of an ink sheet used in the printer wherein the printer has a transport path for transporting the ink sheet past an ink deposition station for selective transfer of powder ink from a powder ink supply to an ink sheet surface when a bias is applied at the station; ink fixing station having fixing applicator for selective engagement with the ink sheet surface for fixing the powder ink to the ink sheet; and a printing station having a thermal print head for engagement of the print head with the ink sheet onto a surface of an output medium for forming images on the output medium by selective thermal transfer of ink to the output medium surface in imagewise formation.

Abstract: The invention concerns a patch or repair assembly for repairing vehicles, installations and parts. The assembly comprises at least one photocurable prepreg fabric, a UV transparent release film on top of the fabric and a UV blocking film over the release film. There is also disclosed a method of repairing using the assembly of the invention.

Abstract: This the method of manufacturing metal pipes by inserting tin or tin based coating material into the metal pipe, raising the temperature rapidly to over 1000.degree. C. in the high frequency furnace in a non-active, or non-oxide atmospheric gas, or in a reducing gas, to coat the entire interior wall of the metal pipe with tin or tin based alloy, and, then, to cool it at a high rate of cooling.According to this method of manufacturing, a uniform coating is formed in the interior wall of the metal pipe, without giving rise to residuous collection of the coating material, or to the non-formation of coating, and such effects as the prevention of metal corrosion as well as the absence of the weakening of the mechanical strength as vibration resistance and also of pressure resistance may be obtained.

Abstract: A web charging apparatus, for use in a coating system for applying various coating liquids onto a web which has been previously charged by a static field in which conductive wires form a corona discharge electrode. The diameter of the wires is in a range of 100-200 .mu.m, and the tension of the wires is not less than 1 kg. Intermediate holding frames for holding the wires are also provided. The web charging apparatus reduces the voltage irregularities in the width direction of the web and the irregular thickness of the coating liquid in the transfer direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for replenishing depleted portions of an ink layer of an ink sheet formed with a conductive ink layer disposed on an insulating layer from which ink has been transferred, without unintentionally supplying ink to undepleted portions of the ink layer are provided. Electrically conductive replacement ink is charged and supplied onto an intermediate transfer roller having a dielectric layer disposed on an electrically conductive layer. Charge is supplied to the insulating layer side of the ink sheet and replacement ink on the intermediate roller contacting the ink sheet at depleted regions of the ink sheet is transferred from the intermediate roller to the depleted portions by electrostatic attraction and not to undepleted portions. The method and apparatus are adaptable for multi-color ink sheets and can be employed in connection with a printer or image forming device.

Abstract: A process is provided for the non-electrostatic transfer of a toned image. Using an intermediate transfer roll from an element to a receiver, a developed toned image on the surface of an element is transferred by pressure and heat to a transfer roll. The heat is sufficient to sinter the toner particles to each other. The roll is then positioned against a receiver and rolled thereover and the toned image is transferred to the receiver. If the combination of heat and pressure is sufficient, the transferred toned image is fused to the receiver during the transfer; if not, then the transferred image can be subsequently fused to the receiver. The process is suited for producing high resolution images from very small particle size toner powder on rough paper.

Abstract: A method of applying a multicolor finish to an elongated channel member, particularly a ball channel for a pinball machine. A first fusible color coating is applied to a first portion of the channel member. A second fusible color coating is applied to a second portion of the channel member, while also applying the second color coating to a part of the first portion. The part of the first portion is adjacent the second portion, and the first and second color coatings are of different colors. Upon fusion of the color coatings the part of the first portion of the channel member assumes a third color that is a blend of the first and second colors, to provide a pleasing ball channel of at least three colors.

Abstract: A masking film suitable for masking during electrostatic spray painting is disclosed. In one embodiment the masking film is made from an acid copolymer/quaternary amine mixture which is permanently antistatic. The acid copolymer is a copolymer of (i) a major amount by mol % of an alpha-olefin of the formula RCH.dbd.CH.sub.2 wherein R is H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl, and (ii) a minor amount by mol % of an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. The quaternary amine is of the formula [(R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)(R.sup.3)(R.sup.4)N].sup.+ [X].sup.- wherein R.sup.1 is selected from H, aryl, or C.sub.1 to C.sub.50 alkyl optionally having one or more non-contiguous C.dbd.O or NHC.dbd.O or --S-- or --O-- in the carbon chain, or the same as R.sup.2 ; each of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is the same or different and selected from H, C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more OH or from --(R.sup.5 --O).sub.a --H where a is an integer from 1 to 10 and R.sup.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for replenishing depleted portions of an ink sheet including a conductive ink layer on a dielectric layer wherein portions of ink have been transferred to a transfer medium. Conductive replacement ink material is supplied to the ink sheet and an electric charge is induced in the replacement ink and opposite charges are induced at an electrode on the opposite side of the dielectric layer. Replacement ink contacting the dielectric layer at the voids will adhere to the ink sheet, but charges in the replacement ink contacting the non-transcribed ink regions will flow to the conductive ink layer and will not adhere to the ink sheet.

Abstract: Methods for the coating of different closely-spaced areas of an electrode member to produce a color filter matrix thereon. A thin translucent layer of electroconductive composition, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), is applied to isolated areas of the electrode substrate, and selected ones of said areas are charged to one polarity while the other closely-spaced areas are charged to an opposite polarity. Color material is introduced as fine droplets in a volatile vehicle, charged to said opposite polarity, for selective attraction to said selected areas and repulsion from all other areas. The procedure is repeated with different color material droplets for deposition on others of said closely-spaced areas to produce a multi-colored matrix filter, such as on the lower pel electrode or on the upper pixel common electrode of a LCD device. Preferably the ITO layer is coated with a thin polymer layer and the color material is a diffusible dye which is heat-diffused thereinto.

Abstract: A patterned decorative material is prepared by a method which comprises application of a thermosetting powder coating material to a base plate; melting of the thermosetting powder coating material by heating; embossing of the coating layer alone while the melt thermosetting powder coating material has a gel fraction formed by a hardening reaction of 15 to 75 weight percent; and further heating to form a hardened coating on the base plate. The prepared patterned decorative material is excellent in appearance, corrosion resistance, weathering resistance and abrasion resistance and free from the defects of conventional steel plates coated with polyvinyl chloride and the like, such as formation of craze and loss of luster.

Abstract: A device for fusing and fixing electrophotographic toner powder to a receiver sheet and a method for using the same. The device comprises a first fusing member, such as a fusing roll, having a resilient surface for pressure contact with thermoplastic toner on the receiver sheet. A second member, which can be a non-resilient pressure roll, presses the toner into contact with the resilient surface. The device also is designed to heat the toner. The fusing member has a layer of an elastomeric, amorphous silarylene-siloxane alternating or random copolymer which is thermally stable, has good wear resistance, and good thermal conductivity and exhibits little or no swelling when contacted with poly(dimethylsiloxane) release oils.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for regenerating an ink recording medium formed by successively laminating an anisotropic electrically conductive layer, a heating resistor layer for generating heat in response to application of an electric signal, an electrically conductive layer, an ink parting layer, and a heat-melting ink layer, in which the heat-melting ink layer after print-recording with the ink recording medium is regenerated by use of ink particles containing a binding resin and a coloring agent, the improvement is in that by use of the ink recording medium further including an ink parting layer having a thickness of 0.08 to 3 .mu.m, and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.8 .OMEGA. cm or more, the heat-melting ink layer after print-recording with the ink recording medium is electrified with the same polarity as the potential of electrified ink particles, and then the ink particles carried by an ink carrier is deposited on traces of transferred ink formed in the heat-melting ink layer.

Abstract: A method of preparing a permanent photopolymer master with a permanent latent image for use in electrostatic image transfer to a receiving substrate is provided in which the photopolymer master is first flood pre-exposed to increase the resistivity of the entire photopolymer material and then is selectively exposed for a second time to form the permanent latent image in areas of high resistivity and to leave the background areas of the photopolymer with lower resistivity.

Abstract: A method for forming a one-sided cling stretch wrap film by adhering a particulate antiblock to one surface of the film while the surface is in a semiplastic state, applying a particle-embedding force to the surface and removing excess particulate matter. The thermoplastic stretch wrap film exhibits a significant level of cling on one surface but no appreciable cling force on the other, the latter surface exhibiting a slide property when in contact with a film or like surface due to the presence of particulate antiblock agent mechanically bonded thereto. The film can be used to overwrap one or a group of articles to form a unitized packaged unit employing any of the known and conventional tension-wrapping techniques. Because of its one-sided cling and slide capabilities, pallet loads overwrapped with the film and in mutual contact avoid film tearing or destruction when the pallet loads are separated from each other.

Abstract: A method of heat-fixing a visible image of toner to a recording medium comprises applying a toner image onto the recording medium, whereinthe toner to form said toner image or the resin component of the toner has the properties such that the melt viscosity .eta.' measured by an overhead-type flow tester is from 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.6 poise at a temperature within the temperature range of from 120.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., and the absolute value of the inclination of a graph is not more than 0.50 ln (poise)/.degree.C. when the natural logarithms ln.eta. of the melt viscosities at 120.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. are plotted with respect to the temperatures; and heat-fixing the toner image retained on the recording medium to the recording medium by use of a heater element as stationarily supported and a pressure member that brings said recording medium into close contact with said heater element through a film interposed between them.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrostatic recording medium comprising an electroconductive support and as formed thereon a dielectric layer containing an insulating resin and a pigment, said dielectric layer carrying a surface static charge of a polarity opposite to that of a charge to be applied for image formation.

Abstract: A pattern metallizing procedure is described wherein aluminum or other metal is deposited in a desired pattern on a polymeric material or other material web. The metal is charged with one polarity while a backing roll contacting the web is provided with regions charged with the opposite polarity to attract metal and with regions charged with the same polarity to repulse metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for fusing an electrophotographic image to a substrate which comprises developing an electrostatic latent image with a toner of one polarity and contacting the developed image with a fuser roll having on the surface thereof an insulating material charged to the same polarity as the toner. In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the fuser roll comprises an insulating material and the charge is applied with a charging means such as a corotron. In another embodiment of the invention, the surface of the fuser roll comprises a polymeric electret material having embedded therein stable electrical charges of the same polarity as that of the toner. For this second embodiment, the fuser roll may optionally be charged with a charging means.

Abstract: A method of making a liquid crystal device comprises producing, for example by means of electrostatic spraying, ligaments of a curable liquid which are deposited as such or as droplets (as a result of breaking up of the ligaments) on a sheet which is to form one boundary wall of the device. Curing of the liquid may be initiated while the liquid is in flight and completed after deposition. Liquid crystal material is applied to the deposited ligaments or droplets and a second sheet is laminated with the first sheet to encapsulate the liquid crystal material. The deposited ligaments or droplets serve to space the sheets apart and/or provide surfaces with which, in the field-off condition, the liquid crystal molecules can align in directions different to the direction of alignment induced by application of an electric or magnetic field.

Abstract: Dual layer, pressure sensitive label sheets for ion deposition printing, use an adhesive on the back of the labels in the form of geometric patterns with narrow, adhesive-free bands between the geometric patterns. The patterns may be hexagonal or diamonds, for example, so that the edges of the die-cut labels will be held down; and the adhesive-free areas may be less than 1/16 inch, preferably in the other of 1/32 inch in width so that with the high pressures encountered in ion deposition printing, curl-free labels with high resolution printing is achieved.

Abstract: A process for coating a selected portion of the surface of a substrate, such as an electrical bus bar, with a coating of a fusible powdered resin. The process comprises the steps of heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to cause gelling of a gelable liquid masking composition and to cause the fusible powdered resin to bond to the substrate surface, coating those areas of the surface of the substrate which are not to be coated with the fusible powdered resin with liquid masking composition which begins to gel upon contact with the hot substrate and continues to gel until it forms a removable mask, then coating the hot substrate with the powdered resin which adheres to those areas of the substrate that are not coated with the masking composition, cooling the substrate, and removing the mask from the substrate.

Abstract: An erroneously recorded image among recorded images on a recording medium is corrected by a correction sheet comprising an adhesive layer on a support. The adhesive layer is heated to develop an adhesive force and caused to adhere to the error image and peel the error image when the correction sheet is separated from the recording medium. The adhesive layer comprises a laminate structure including a separation prevention layer and an upper layer, and the separation prevention layer is in charge of cohesion strength, intimate adhesion to support and flexibility under heating of the adhesive layer. Because of the laminate adhesive layer structure, the correction sheet allows for adequate correction of an error image even on a recording medium with poor surface smoothness without causing correction failure, such as reverse transfer.

Abstract: A method of preventing smudging of indicia printed on a surface by selective application of an amount of coating material to lubricate the contact with surfaces abrading the printed indicia or to provide physical separation from abrading surfaces, and thus prevent smearing. The coating material is preferably a Teflon micropowder that is applied by dispensing controlled amounts through a plurality of apertures adjacent the surface of a piece of paper on which indicia has just been printed by a non-impact printer such as a laser printer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for powder sewing two plies of cloth or fabric material by spraying an adhesive powder onto one side of one ply of cloth or fabric from a powder spray gun having a corona discharge electrode mounted thereon. A second pin electrode is provided on the opposite side of the one ply of cloth or fabric. Electrical charges of differing polarity are applied to the electrodes while the cloth or fabric material is moved between the two and powder is sprayed thereon. In the course of migrating through the electrostatic field created between the two electrodes, the powder is caused to follow the force lines created within that field and to migrate onto one side of fabric in the form of a long, narrow band of powder. A second ply of cloth or fabric is then positioned over the first ply and over the band of powder. Pressure and heat applied to the powder activates the powder and causes it to become tacky so that when subsequently cooled, it adheres the two plies together along the narrow powder band.

Abstract: A triboelectric charge application member for imparting or applying electrostatic charge to a toner through the triboelectric charging thereof for developing electrostatic images with the charged toner to visible toner images. The triboelectric charge application member includes an overcoat layer comprising as the main component a polymer which comprises a fluoro-olefin compound and an unsaturated silicon compound as the monomer units of the polymer. The triboelectric charge application member may be carrier particles having the above overcoat layer and a toner transportation member having the overcoat layer, depending upon its application.

Abstract: A thermoplastic stretch wrap film exhibits a significant level of cling on one surface but no appreciable cling force on the other, the latter surface exhibiting a slide property when in contact with a film or like surface due to the presence of particulate antiblock agent mechanically bonded thereto. The film can be used to overwrap one or a group of articles to form a unitized packaged unit employing any of the known and conventional tension-wrapping techniques. Because of its one-sided cling and slide capabilities, pallet loads overwrapped with the film and in mutual contact avoid film tearing or destruction when the pallet loads are separated from each other.

Abstract: Correction compositions for correcting markings provided on the surface of a pressure-sensitive chemical recording medium carrying a developer material which comprises an acidic developer by interaction of the developer material with a color-providing material. The compositions comprise a substantially uniform dispersion of an opacifying pigment, a polymeric film-forming material, and a Lewis acid. The composition is applied to a marking to provide a film which covers the marking, and a visible corrected marking can be provided on the film by applying a pattern of color-providing material corresponding to the corrected marking to the film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for controlling the width and improving edge thickness uniformity of a layer of coating material electrostatically deposited on a moving web surface. The apparatus preferably includes a coating applicator, a rotatably mounted web-supporting backing roll spaced therefrom and a source of electrical power coupled between applicator and backing roll for generating a coating material charging and transporting electrostatic field capable of transporting the charged coating material from the applicator to a web surface as the web moves between applicator and backing roll for web coating purposes. The apparatus additionally includes a pair of electrodes coupled to a source of electrical power and mounted in an opposed relation on opposite sides of the charged coating material moving between the coating applicator and the web surface spaced therefrom.

Abstract: An imaging member employed in the high temperature transfer of toner onto paper. The imaging member operates at temperatures above the melting temperature of the toner by sealing the porous structure of the imaging member with a material having suitable dielectric, thermal and fluid release properties.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the thermal transfer printing upon a record medium utilizing a print ribbon so as to form a protective transparent layer over a printed area upon a record medium. The thermal transfer print film includes plural colored ink regions separated by transparent ink regions. The method and apparatus of the present invention thus provide for the initial printing via thermal transfer of the colored ink regions onto an area of the record medium. Subsequent alignment of a region of the transparent ink with the printed area on the record medium and selective operation of thermal print heads thus thermally transfers portions of the thermal transparent ink to the previously colored ink printed area to provide a transparent ink layer over the printed information upon the record medium thereby protecting the same.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrostatically applying a layer of coating material to a moving substrate. In a preferred embodiment, a threaded shaft formed of dielectric material, having one end thereof coupled to a drive motor, has a portion of its threads mounted for rotation through a bath of coating material. An electrostatic field of predetermined magnitude is established between the coating material and a substrate surface spaced therefrom. The electrostatic field atomizes coating material accumulating on the ridge portion of the rotating thread and subsequently deposits a layer of the atomized coating material on the adjacent substrate surface as it is moved past the rotating dielectric thread at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the threaded shaft.

Abstract: A combination Xerograhic-DEP printing apparatus wherein highlight color images are formed without scavenging and re-development of a first developed image. A first image is formed in accordance with conventional (i.e. total voltage range available) electrostatic image forming techniques. A successive image is formed on the copy substrate containing the first image subsequent to first image transfer, either before or after fusing, by utilization of direct electrostatic printing.

Abstract: In a printing system for printing an image on a recording sheet, adopted as the recording sheet is a sheet coated with microcapsules on one surface thereof. Each microcapsule envelopes a first component therein while the sheet itself holds a second component. The color of second component is changed when mixed with the first component. The microcapsule further envelopes a third component which increase the mechanical strength of microcapsule when light is projected thereto. An image is formed on the recording sheet by selectively rupturing the microcapsules in accordance with the image to be printed thereon, and the unruptured microcapsules remaining on the recording sheet are then hardened by exposing a light thereto and thus the image printed on the recording sheet is fixed thereon.

Abstract: An electrostatic printing apparatus capable of printing both normal sheets of paper and composites such as envelopes. In accordance with a mode in which normal sheets are printed and with the other mode in which envelopes are printed, transfer current applied to a transfer charger, fixing pressure applied to between a pair of fixing rollers, and heat generation of the heat source(s) in the fixing roller(s) can be changed respectively to those suitable for the sort of a transfer member. This change can be performed manually, or controlled automatically based on a signal issued from a member sorting sensor disposed in a paper supply portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for applying two or more colors of paint by applying a first paint to at least part of a substrate, followed by a second and, if desired, further different-colored paints to different parts of the substrate and hardening the applied coats of paint by baking, which comprises applying the second and if desired the further different-colored paints without interim baking of the first paint to the preselected different parts of the substrate using electrostatic atomization at stationary atomizer edges involving transport of the paint particles in an electric field and, after the first and subsequent paints have been applied, hardening all coats of paint together by baking.

Abstract: Correction compositions for correcting markings provided on the surface of a pressure-sensitive chemical recording medium carrying a developer material which comprises an acidic developer by interaction of the developer material with a color-providing material. The compositions comprise a substantially uniform dispersion of an opacifying pigment, a polymeric film-forming material, and a Lewis acid. The composition is applied to a marking to provide a film which covers the marking, and a visible correcting marking can be provided on the film by applying a pattern of color-providing material corresponding to the corrected marking to the film.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for coloring polymer-insulated wire, the wire is guided through a solvent reservoir to dissolve surface contaminants and etch the surface of the insulation, and passed between opposed wiping surfaces to wipe surface contaminants from the wire. The wire is then passed through a hot air duct to evaporate solvent remaining on its surface. The dried wire is guided through a solvent-based colorant reservoir to coat it with colorant and passed against a wiping surface to wipe excess colorant from its surface. The coated wire is passed through a hot air duct to evaporate some of the solvent in the colorant, and through a cold air duct to harden an outer surface of the colorant before it passes over a guide wheel. The hardened surface prevents adherence of the colorant to the guide wheel. The coated wire is passed by a spraying device which intermittently sprays solvent-based colorant on the wire to band encode it.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge is selectively applied to the anodized surface of an anodized aluminum plate in a predetermined pattern corresponding to the image to be printed, a liquid toner is applied to the charged portions of the anodized surface and the toner is fixed to the anodized surface to provide an imaged lithographic printing plate. The printing plate made by the method may be used to make lithographic prints by applying printing ink to the imaged portions of the plate and transferring the printing ink from the lithographic printing plate to a substrate.

Abstract: An image bearing member for forming a toner image on the surface thereof characterized in that said surface has a maximum surface roughness of 20 .mu.m or less, and an average surface roughness satisfying the relation of r.ltoreq.2d between the average surface roughness and a toner particle size, wherein r is the average surface roughness; and d is a mean particle size of the toner particles; a contact angle with water at least 70 degrees; or a pencil hardness of F or harder as measured according to the JIS test method K-5400; a process for forming image with said member, and an utility thereof.

Abstract: In a transparent molded segmented mirror having individual sectors on a transparent molding and comprising a myriad of reflecting surfaces at the rear side of the mirror away from the viewer, said surfaces located to produce, in the eyes of the viewer, a virtual image, or separate virtual images from separate portions of such molded mirror, there being zones separating the reflecting surfaces, the improvement comprising:(a) a material coating said zones and which includes a light absorber,(b) such material having approximately, the same index of refraction as the transparent molding,(c) whereby undesirable reflections from said zone are substantially reduced, because light impinging thereon cannot be reflected, but is only absorbed.

Abstract: In a transparent molded segmented mirror having individual sectors on a transparent molding and comprising a myriad of reflecting surfaces at the rear side of the mirror away from the viewer, said surfaces located to produce, in the eyes of the viewer, a virtual image, or separate virtual images from separate portions of such molded mirror, there being zones separating the reflecting surfaces, the improvement comprising:(a) a material coating said zones and which includes a light absorber,(b) such material having approximately, the same index of refraction as the transparent molding,(c) whereby undesirable reflections from said zone are substantially reduced, because light impinging thereon cannot be reflected, but is only absorbed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing duplex copies. First and second unfixed images are transferred to opposite sides of a copy sheet before fixing of either image to the copy sheet. The first and second unfixed images may be electroscopic images sequentially formed on a photoconductor by electrophotographic techniques. The first unfixed electroscopic image is transferred from the photoconductor to a first side of a copy sheet, the sheet is inverted while the first image thereon remains unfixed, the second unfixed electroscopic image is transferred to the second side of the copy sheet, the copy sheet with the first and second unfixed images thereon is then transported to a fixing station.