Abstract: An inkjet recording medium includes a substrate having two opposed surfaces, an ink receiving layer disposed on at least one of the two substrate surfaces, and a porous protective layer disposed on the ink receiving layer. The ink receiving layer receives an ink when printed thereon. The protective layer includes: reactive polymer particles that cross-link upon exposure to microwave radiation; non-reactive polymer particles that coalesce upon exposure to microwave radiation; or a combination of the reactive polymer particles and the non-reactive polymer particles, to form a substantially non-porous protective film that covers the printed ink.

Abstract: A method of making a coated article including an anti-reflection coating on a glass substrate, the method comprising: mixing at least a tri-alkoxysilane based binder and a tetra-alkoxysilane based binder with at least silica based nanoparticles and a solvent in forming a coating sol formulation; aging the coating sol formulation at least about two weeks so as to provide an aged coating sol formulation; coating at least a portion of said aged coating sol formulation onto the glass substrate to form a coating; and heating said glass substrate and said coating. Anti-reflection (AR) glasses show improved mechanical strength and higher transmittances (e.g., Tqe % gain).

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally relate to a quartz showerhead having an aerosol-deposited yttria coating thereon. The yttria coating is sprayed on the quartz surface of the showerhead through a high pressure nozzle in a vacuum chamber. The yttria coating is transparent in the UV wavelength range, and allows the passage of UV light therethrough. The yttria coating erodes significantly slower than quartz in the presence of a cleaning gas, and thus extends the life of the quartz showerhead while facilitating the transmittance of UV light through the showerhead.

Abstract: An anti-glare sheet that exhibits excellent glossy black textures, blackness in dark locations, and anti-glare properties for dynamic images, and that is suited to the implementation of high quality images. The anti-glare sheet has, on at least one surface of a transparent substrate, an anti-glare layer in which a texturized layer comprising diffusion particles and a first binder, and a smoothing layer comprising a second binder are layered in said order from the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A three-dimensional effect printing method includes steps of providing a housing including a transparent substrate; printing an uneven transparent texture layer to form a textured pattern on an inner surface of the transparent substrate opposite to an outer surface facing a viewer; drying the transparent texture layer; printing a colored texture layer on the transparent texture layer; and drying the colored texture layer.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for forming porous low refractive index coatings on substrates are provided. The method comprises coating a substrate with a sol-formulation comprising silica based nanoparticles and an alkyltrialkoxysilane based binder. Use of the alkyltrialkoxysilane based binder results in a porous low refractive index coating having bimodal pore distribution including mesopores formed from particle packing and micropores formed from the burning off of organics including the alkyl chain covalently bonded to the silicon. The mass ratio of binder to particles may vary from 0.1 to 20. Porous coatings formed according to the embodiments described herein demonstrate good optical properties (e.g. a low refractive index) while maintaining good mechanical durability due to the presence of a high amount of binder and a close pore structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a transparent encapsulating sheet for a light-emissive device, the method comprising the steps: forming a plurality of cavities in one side of a transparent sheet of material for receiving light-emissive structures therein, said forming step producing a frosted surface comprising micro cracks in the cavities; coating said frosted surface with a low viscosity material whereby the micro cracks in the frosted surface are filled with the low viscosity material in order to form the transparent encapsulating sheet.

Abstract: An optical coating includes multiple layers of different materials and thicknesses and is disposed proximate a transparent display cover for an electronic device display. The optical coating transmits most visible light, reflects most non-visible light and substantially absorbs blackbody radiation generated from within the electronic device. The optical coating can be readily removable from the electronic device display either alone or in combination with a removable transparent display cover. The multiple layers comprise two or more materials having alternating low and high indices of refraction, and can include 36 or more layers, each having a thickness ranging from 10 to 400 nanometers. The arrangement and thicknesses of the layers are designed based upon the thickness and optical properties of the transparent display cover.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a structure having a textured surface, including a substrate made of mineral glass having a given texture, for an organic-light-emitting-diode device, the method including supplying a rough substrate, having a roughness defined by a roughness parameter Ra ranging from 1 to 5 ?m over an analysis length of 15 mm and with a Gaussian filter having a cut-off frequency of 0.8 mm; and depositing a liquid-phase silica smoothing film on the substrate, the film being configured to smooth the roughness sufficiently and to form the textured surface of the structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for increasing an amount of visible light transmitted by a light-transmissive substrate containing an organic silicon compound and an inorganic silicon compound, and a process for producing a highly light-transmissive substrate using the aforementioned agent for increasing an amount of transmitted visible light, as well as, a process for increasing an amount of visible light transmitted by a light-transmissive substrate characterized by forming a layer containing an organic silicon compound and inorganic silicon compound on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified fibrous product and a method of producing the same. According to the method, transparent areas are generated in the fibrous product, such as in a paper or a cardboard sheet or in a paper or a cardboard web. According to the present invention, a carbohydrate derivative that includes a plasticizer is incorporated into the fibrous product, and the carbohydrate derivative, which is plasticized with the plasticizer, is brought, in a liquid state and under pressure, to migrate in between the fibres of the product in such a way that at least part of the plasticizer penetrates into the lumens of the fibres, in which case the fibrous product becomes transparent in the treated area. By using the solution, it is possible to simplify the method of further processing paper or cardboard for consumer packages. The present invention can be applied to, among other products, envelopes having a window through which the address is visible.

Abstract: Translucent building element and method and equipment for manufacturing the same, where the translucent building element made of a castable matrix, especially concrete, is casted and incorporates a fiber composite with translucent fibers. The translucent fibers are placed in the translucent fiber composite in that way, that they form with at least one surface of the building element, which is designed for the light entrance or light exit, at least two different angles. For manufacturing, first a fiber composite is supplied to a first transporting device, which feeds the fiber composite into a coating device, in which the fiber composite is coated with the castable matrix. Using a second transporting device the coated fiber composite is conveyed out of the coating device to a formwork, in which the coated fiber composite is placed layer wise, and the castable matrix with the enclosed translucent fibers is cured to a translucent slab.

Abstract: An coated translucent substrate that comprises a translucent substrate, an anti-reflection coating and a conductive oxide coating and a process for manufacturing the same is provided. The translucent substrate has a first surface at a first side. The anti-reflection coating is provided at the first side of the translucent substrate to reduce the reflection of light by the coated translucent substrate. The anti-reflection coating is applied to the conductive oxide coating. The conductive oxide coating is arranged between the first surface of the translucent substrate and the anti-reflection coating to reduce the transmission of light in the near infrared spectrum through the coated translucent substrate. The conductive oxide coating comprises SnO2:F. The coated translucent substrate transmits relatively good light in the Photosynthetically Active Radiation spectral range and blocks the light in the Near Infrared spectral range.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a smart panel and a smart panel. A method of manufacturing a smart panel includes spraying a coating solution including a thermochromic material and a silicon oxide on a surface of a transparent substrate, and drying the coating solution to form a coating film on the surface of the substrate. A smart panel is manufactured in accordance with the above-described method.

Abstract: Disclosed are solar-reflective building materials, including roofing articles, that include nanoparticle-containing thin films; such articles display high reflectance of near-infrared radiation and high transmission of radiation in the visible light range so as to reduce the heat island effects experienced by the articles while also maintaining an aesthetically pleasing appearance. Also disclosed are related methods of fabricating such articles.

Abstract: Methods for processing substrate surfaces carrying coatings comprising a metal are disclosed. The methods involve providing a substrate surface having a coating comprising a metal, and exposing the substrate surface to a halogen-containing gas.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to optical coatings including magnesium fluoride and/or organosilane based coatings, which may be disposed on textured or un-textured substrates (e.g., glass substrates). Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the magnesium fluoride coatings are temperable, while the organosilane based coatings are low temperature heat treatable. Additionally, surprisingly and unexpectedly, such coatings on textured and un-textured glass surfaces result in superior transmission increases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel form of titanium oxide. The titanium oxide is characterized in that it has the crystallographic structure of rutile with an orthorhombic lattice and a Pnmm space group, it has a platelet morphology, the platelets being of rectangular shape with a length between 3 and 10 nm, a width between 3 and 10 nm and a thickness of less than 1 nm and it has a specific surface area, determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption, of 100 to 200 m2/g. Applications: self-cleaning glazing, photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a transparent encapsulating sheet for a light-emissive device, the method comprising the steps: forming a plurality of cavities in one side of a transparent sheet of material for receiving light-emissive structures therein, said forming step producing a frosted surface comprising micro cracks in the cavities; coating said frosted surface with a low viscosity material whereby the micro cracks in the frosted surface are filled with the low viscosity material in order to form the transparent encapsulating sheet.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments relate to a method of forming a coating on a glass substrate using combustion deposition. A glass substrate having at least one surface to be coated is provided. An organosiloxane inclusive precursor having a ring- or cage-like structure to be combusted is introduced. Using at least one flame, at least a portion of the precursor is combusted to form a combusted material, the combusted material including non-vaporized material. The glass substrate is provided in an area so that the glass substrate is heated sufficiently to allow the combusted material to form the coating, directly or indirectly, on the glass substrate. In certain example embodiments, the precursor is a cyclic siloxane based and/or polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS) based precursor, which advantageously may affect the coating's transmission and/or reflection properties compared to conventionally used silicon precursors.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for preventing smudges (608) including oils and dust from collecting on a portable electronic device display (110, 150, 200, 300). A plurality of islands (606) are formed on a surface of the display device, each island (606) comprising a transparent material and having a diameter of between 5 and 200 nanometers. Liquid (608) forming on the plurality of islands has a large contact angle (610), increasing the likelihood of the liquid migrating from the display device and thereby removing contaminants therewith.

Abstract: There is provided a mobile terminal comprising a back lighting structure. The mobile terminal according to an embodiment comprises a light emitting device and a case part provided on the light emitting device and formed of a transmissive material. The mobile terminal further comprises a shielding coating layer laminated on a region excluding a specific region of the case part and formed of a shielding material so that the specific region of the case part transmits light.

Abstract: A plastic glazing system having weatherable coating for automotive windows is disclosed. The system comprises a transparent plastic substrate comprising an inner surface and an outer surface. The system further comprises a first weathering layer disposed on the outer surface of the substrate. The weathering layer comprises one of a polyurethane and a polyurethane-acrylate. The first weathering layer has a predetermined glass transition temperature. The system further comprises a first abrasion-resistant layer disposed on the first weathering layer. The first abrasion-resistant layer is compatible with the one of a polyurethane and a polyurethane-acrylate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus designed to make a window envelope rapidly using a water-soluble clarifying agent without causing an inconvenience in its window area. Upstream of an envelope making stage wherein a continuous paper while traveling along a continuous path of travel is successively folded, pasted and cut to form an envelope, a water-soluble clarifying agent is applied to an area on the continuous paper that is designed to become the transparent window in the envelope and the continuous paper carrying the clarifying agent is wound on a plurality of drying cylinders so that its surface carrying the clarifying agent faces outwards to dry the clarifying agent while holding the surface of paper carrying the clarifying agent out of contact with the drying cylinders.

Abstract: On a support, a porous resin layer which is opaque in a water-unabsorbed state and capable of turning transparent in a water-absorbed state is formed, and also a water-repellent resin layer is so provided as to exist in the porous resin layer at its some area or areas in a co-existent state, to make up a water-metachromatic laminate. A novel toy element can be provided in which latent images standing invisible in a normal condition are rendered visible by means of water as a medium so as to be visually distinguished.

Abstract: An antifogging composition for food packaging containers comprising (i) an antifogging nonionic surfactant blend comprising a fatty acid ester and an ethoxylated compound and (ii) acetone. An antifogging composition comprising (i) an antifogging nonionic surfactant blend comprising a fatty acid ester and an ethoxylated compound and (ii) a solvent selected from methyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and mixtures thereof. A method of defogging a food packaging container surface comprising selecting a surface; providing (i) an antifogging nonionic surfactant blend comprising a fatty acid ester and an ethoxylated compound and (ii) acetone to form an antifogging composition; and applying the antifogging composition to the surface.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method of transparentizing a paper substrate to produce a translucent area or “window” through which information and data are displayed. The method of the invention applies a transparentizing material to a preselected application site of the paper substrate, and exposes the transparentizing material to heat for a predetermined period of time to help facilitate penetration of the transparentizing material into the paper substrate and prevent migration of the transparentizing material from the application site. The rate of penetration of the transparentizing material into the paper substrate reduces the time and increases the efficiency of the transparentizing process. The invention also provides a paper substrate and a one-piece paper assembly in which a translucent area or “window” is formed according to the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method for forming an anti-glaring and anti-reflecting film is disclosed in this invention. According to this invention, an anti-glaring and anti-reflecting film can be produced by a single coating process. Therefore, according to this invention, the manufacture of the anti-glaring and anti-reflecting film can be simplified, and the yield thereof can be improved. Preferably, the anti-glaring and anti-reflecting film of this invention further comprises the functions of anti-fouling and hard-coating. Accordingly, the design of this invention can provide a more powerful anti-glaring and anti-reflecting film.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there are provided methods for affixing a transparent coating upon a substrate, such as canvas, paper, cardboard or the like, that optionally has an image printed or otherwise recorded thereon, the coating effective to repel water and to prevent smearing or running of inks that are not water-fast, such as, for example, water-based inks used in ink-jet printers. In accordance with the invention, a coating composition including a particulate thermoplastic resin a plasticizer and, optionally, one or more of a wetting agent, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet light absorber and a flatting agent is applied on the substrate and heated to cure the composition to a transparent, flexible, water-impervious coating.

Abstract: A coated fabric having desirable weight and high durability, and particular utility in the manufacture of linings for particular articles is described. The fabric has a textile substrate which is coated to provide a structure having an abrasion resistance of at least about 750 cycles to failure when tested according to ASTM D 3884, and more preferably at least about 2200 cycles to failure. The coating is desirably transparent so that the pre-coated shade of the textile substrate is altered less than about 15%, and more preferably less than about 1%, when the fabric is coated. More particularly, the absolute value of the difference in shade depth of the coated fabric and the textile substrate is less than about 0.2, so that no visible shade change results. A method for producing the fabric and articles incorporating the fabric are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a stain-resistant float glass and an apparatus for carrying out such a method. In keeping with this method, SO3 is applied to the upper surface of float glass in an amount efficacious to materially reduce staining of the upper surface of the glass. Optimally, SO3 gas can be applied directly onto the upper surface of the glass. An apparatus of the invention generally includes a downwardly open hood positioned above the upper surface of the glass and having walls defining an enclosure. SO3 gas (either as such or as a reactive mixture of S02 gas and an oxygen-containing gas) is delivered through a delivery tube to the enclosure.

Abstract: A process for making a light-reflective bicycle frame and a light-reflective bicycle frame made therefrom are provided. The process includes: preparing a bicycle frame, providing a transparent adhesive layer on the bicycle frame, spreading uniformly light-reflective particles on the transparent adhesive layer to form a light-reflective particle layer which is substantially free of any superimposed or overlapping particles, and providing a transparent protective layer on the light-reflective particle layer.

Abstract: Transparentized paper is prepared by impregnating a paper web with a solution of a sucrose acetate isobutyrate in a lower alcohol and removing the residual alcohol. The preferred paper is 100% cotton rag content, the preferred lower alcohol solvent contains up to 5 carbon atoms, particularly isopropanol. In production, the transparentizing solution is applied to one side of a travelling paper web, excess solution is removed by an air knife, wire wound rod or other means, and residual solvent is removed by impinging hot air on the travelling web. The sucrose acetate isobutyrate can also be applied when fluidized by heating and in the absence of a solvent. The preferred content of sucrose acetate isobutyrate residual in the paper web is from about 10% to about 50% of the paper content of the transparentized paper.

Abstract: A hot-melt ink composition, which is solid at room temperature, comprises a wax having a melting point of about 50.degree. C. or above, a resin and a colorant. The resin has a softening point higher than the melting point of the wax in order to obtain a transparent image, or the resin has a softening point lower than the melting point of the wax in order to obtain an opaque image.

Abstract: A transparentized paper is prepared by coating a transparentizing medium on to a paper substrate by a screen coating process. The method may be carried out on a continuous basis, and the medium may comprise an ultra-violet curable resin. Also disclosed is a universal vellum prepared according to the method of the invention, and having a first side which has a smooth texture and may be utilized for electrostatic, pen plotter and xerographic applications, and a second side having a rougher texture which may be utilized for drafting and ink-jet printing applications.

Abstract: A method for protecting against forgery a printed document comprises the step of applying on the document, during the printing thereof, a microcapsule layer. This layer comprises microcapsules including a chemical product adapted to release an indelible mark which reveals tampering on surfaces portions of a document subjected to a pressing or rubbing tampering force.

Abstract: An anti-reflective coating composition comprising a polyimide dissolved in an organic solvent is used to form an anti-reflective coating beneath a chemical amplification type resist layer. The composition allows a fine resist pattern to be formed with high accuracy in a convenient, efficient, reproducible manner.

Abstract: A coating composition which imparts anti-reflective and anti-fog properties to substrates coated therewith. The coating composition utilizes an inorganic metal oxide in combination with silane or a siloxane oligomer. The coating compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of disposable surgical masks and face shields. Methods of coating are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making a tantala/silica interference filter on a vitreous substrate, the filter retaining integrity at temperatures in excess of 600.degree. C., includes the steps of applying to the vitreous substrate a first coating of vitreous silica doped with submicron-sized particles, depositing on the first coating by low pressure chemical vapor deposition the filter which comprises a second coating comprising alternating layers of tantala and silica, and heat treating the substrate and first and second coatings to bond the filter to the substrate. There is further provided an electric lamp having an envelope made in accordance with the above method.

Abstract: An applicator for coating sheet material has a relatively thick compressible, saturable layer for engaging the sheet which is effective to apply an optically clear coating when saturated with a flood of liquid coating composition. The coated article has virtually no visible defects and has high optical transmission and low haze.

Abstract: A method of fabricating high quality layered structure oxide ferroelectric thin films. The deposition process is a chemical vapor deposition process involving chemical reaction between volatile metal organic compounds of various elements comprising the layered structure material to be deposited, with other gases in a reactor, to produce a nonvolatile solid that deposits on a suitably placed substrate such as a conducting, semiconducting, insulating, or complex integrated circuit substrate. The source materials for this process may include organometallic compounds such as alkyls, alkoxides, .beta.-diketonates or metallocenes of each individual element comprising the layered structure material to be deposited and oxygen. Preferably, the reactor in which the deposition is done is either a hot wall or a cold wall reactor and the vapors are introduced into this reactor either through a set of bubblers or through a direct liquid injection system.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing tracing paper, comprising coating a plastic film with a coating material. The coating material comprises a solvent system, adhesives, writable inorganic pigments and surfactants. The solvent system contains 50-80% by weight of aliphatic solvent and 20-50% by weight of aromatic solvent. The coating material includes 20-60% by weight of solid components. The inorganic pigments are in an amount of 30-60% based on the weight of the solid components of the coating material.

Abstract: A hard-coating, heat-absorbing composition which is capable of absorbing near-infrared rays from sunlight and a heat-shielding substance is disclosed. The composition comprises a silicone varnish for hard-coating comprising polysiloxane and, dissolved therein, diphenylthiourea and copper monobutyl-o-phthalate. It can be applied to plastic substrate and heated to cure the silicone varnish, whereupon curing of polysiloxane and production of a heat-absorbing compound are simultaneously effected. The composition ensures to provide various substrates with a heat-shielding characteristic.

Abstract: A method of coating is disclosed which is based on applying a composition which is based on colloidal silica dispersed in a silanol or methacrylic derived polymer system or an aminoplast resin to an article of a polybutylene terepthalate or polyethylene terephthalate, or blends of polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate, which optionally include a polycarbonate, or optionally include a polyether ester or polyetherimide ester and a heavy inorganic filler.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device wherein after forming a titanium silicide thin film on a silicon substrate, dopant impurities are implanted into the silicon substrate through the titanium silicide thin film so as to form shallow p.sup.+ -n junctions in the silicon substrate. At least one of the following conditions (1) to (3) is satisfied: (1) forty to seventy percent of the total implant dose is within the n-type silicon substrate; (2) the projected range is set at the depth corresponding to 90% to 125% of the titanium silicide film thickness; and (3) the dopant dose that comes to rest within the n-type silicon substrate is in the range of 2.0.times.10.sup.15 /cm.sup.2 to 3.5.times.10.sup.15 /cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A method for increasing the optical transmission characteristics of zinc sulfide in the visible and infrared portions of electromagnetic spectrum is described. Materials such as metals and, in particular, transition metals are diffused through the zinc sulfide material over a duration of time sufficient to cause the material to turn substantially water clear and substantially colorless.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a stable dispersion. The dispersion is comprised of a pigment, such as cuprous iodide, dispersed in a binder resin solution. The process is comprised of first dispersing the pigment into a binder resin solution, grinding the dispersion, preferably until a bi-modal distribution of pigment particles is obtained, separating the dispersed particles into two fractions and then recovering the fraction having the smaller average particle size. The resulting dispersion has been found to be quite stable and useful in transparent coatings applicable to electrophotography, electrostatic and thermal imaging elements.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing printed circuit boards by coating a flux preventive film for preventing a flux from rising on a component surface of an insulation board, the method of manufacturing printed circuit boards according to the present invention is characterized in that said method comprises the steps of printing white blank marks, white blank symbols and white blank letters corresponding to symbol marks, other symbols and letters on the component side surface of said insulation board before coating said flux preventive film, and then coating said flux preventive film of a transparent or translucent material on the printed surface.

Abstract: A method of producing a simulated watermark in which intense, focused heat is momentarily applied, in the desired watermark pattern, onto a thin solid matrix of waxy material placed in contact with a sheet of uncoated paper. This results in impression of a durable translucent mark. The wax penetrates the paper without the need wither for chemical action or the application of significant direct pressure, and creates regions of translucence in the paper fibers.

Abstract: A process for producing flat or parabolic mirrors for visible wavelength applications is described and includes the steps of casting onto a substrate of substantially the selected mirror shape a liquid polymer resin in multiple cured layers whereby the last applied layer has the selected mirror shape unaffected by topography flaws in the surface of the substrate. A reflective coating may then be applied to the last applied and cured resin layer.