Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing a sodium interface and a method for preparing a sodium-based optical structure device. This sodium interface is prepared in an inert gas atmosphere by the following steps: (1) melting solid sodium metal into liquid by heat, and stripping off solid oxides and impurities on the surface of the molten sodium metal to obtain pure liquid sodium with metallic luster; and (2) spin-coating a dielectric substrate with the liquid sodium to obtain the sodium interface tightly attached to the dielectric substrate. The prepared sodium interface can be used as a plasmon polariton material for use in plasmon polariton optical waveguides, nano-lasers and the like.

Abstract: A method of coating an interior surface of a housing defining a volume includes partitioning the volume into a first zone and a second zone, the first zone isolated from fluid communication with the second zone; introducing one or more reactant gases, plasma, ions, or a combination thereof to the first zone and the second zone; and forming one or more coating layers on all or a portion of the interior surface within the first and second zones via reaction of the reactant gases, the plasma, or the combination thereof. A device for coating an interior surface of a housing is also provided.

Abstract: A device for coating an interior surface of a housing defining a volume comprising a plurality of reactant gas sources including reactant gases for one or more surface coating processes; first and second closures to sealingly engage with an inlet and outlet of the volume of the housing to provide an enclosed volume; a delivery line fluidically coupled to the first closure and the plurality of reactant gas sources to deliver the reactant gases to the enclosed volume; and an output line fluidically coupled to the second closure to remove one or more reactant gases, byproduct gases, or both from the enclosed volume. A method for coating an interior surface of a housing is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a dust repellant and anti-reflective inorganic coating and the method for preparing the coating. The dust repellant and anti-reflective inorganic coating includes nano-porous silica (SiO2) network of about 5 nm to about 35 nm and is characterized by cracks. The method of preparing the dust repellant and anti-reflective inorganic coating on a substrate includes mixing of aqueous SiO2 solution with a solvent. The aqueous SiO2 solution with the solvent is stirred to form a solution. The solution is coated on the substrate to form a film on the surface of the substrate. Thereafter, the film is annealed by heating the film to a temperature of about 500° C. to about 700° C. within a period of about 2 minutes to about 2 hours. Finally, the film is allowed to cool down.

Abstract: A wear-resistant element for partial insertion into a recess on the surface of a wear area of a comminuting device. The wear-resistant element includes particles made of a highly wear-resistant material which are embedded in a matrix material.

Abstract: A method may comprise preparing a radical-neutralizing composition comprising a cerium compound and a carrier; applying the radical-neutralizing composition to a passageway surface of a lubricant passageway in a lubricant system component; and/or drying the radical-neutralizing composition to form a radical-neutralizing coating on the passageway surface comprising cerium oxide.

Abstract: A copper dopant delivery powder comprising a fused silica powder and a Cu2S powder. A method of making the copper dopant delivery powder. A method of making a copper-doped glass comprising placing a target glass in a container, packing a composite SiO.CuS dopant powder around the target glass and heating the container and SiO.CuS dopant powder to a temperature of between 800° C. and 1150° C. A copper-doped glass comprising a glass comprising copper-doping wherein the copper-doped glass was formed by covering the glass with a fused silica powder and a Cu2S powder, wherein the fused silica powder and the Cu2S powder are mixed in varying ratios of Cu2S to silica represented by the formula (SiO2)(1-x)(Cu2S)x and heating to a temperature of between 800° C. and 1150° C.

Abstract: This Invention Patent application consists of a fabric to be used in textile applications, which makes those items more comfortable and increases their bactericidal capacity, both in the number of types that it fights, and in the time that this capacity is effective, using a mixture of fibers and performing a series of treatments prior to the final manufacture of the textile goods that reinforce the properties of the fabric.

Abstract: To provide a brazing material for maintaining bonding strength between ceramic substrate and metal plate at a conventionally attainable level, while addition amount of In is reduced, and a brazing material paste using the same. A mixture powder provided by mixing alloy powder composed of Ag, In, and Cu, Ag powder, and active metal hydride powder, the mixture powder containing active metal hydride powder with a 10-to-25-?m equivalent circle average particle diameter by 0.5 to 5.0 mass %, the equivalent circle average particle diameters for the alloy powder, Ag powder, and active metal hydride powder having a relationship: alloy powder?active metal hydride powder>Ag powder, and the powder mixture having a particle size distribution of d10 of 3 to 10 ?m, d50 of 10 to 35 ?m, and d90 of 30 to 50 ?m, and in the frequency distribution, a peak of the distribution existing between d50 and d90.

Abstract: A method of processing an alloy workpiece to reduce thermal cracking may comprise spraying a metallic coating material onto at least a portion of a surface of the alloy workpiece to form a surface coating metallurgically bonded to the alloy workpiece. The surface coating may be more ductile than the alloy workpiece and reduces heat loss from the alloy workpiece.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a metal nanoparticle dispersion suitable to multiple layered coating by jetting in the form of fine droplets is prepared by dispersing metal nanoparticles having an average particle size of 1 to 100 nm in a dispersion solvent having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher in such a manner that the volume percentage of the dispersion solvent is selected in the range of 55 to 80% by volume and the fluid viscosity (20° C.) of the dispersion is chosen in the range of 2 mPa·s to 30 mPa·s, and then when the dispersion is discharged in the form of fine droplets by inkjet method or the like, the dispersion is concentrated by evaporation of the dispersion solvent in the droplets in the course of flight, coming to be a viscous dispersion which can be applicable to multi-layered coating.

Abstract: A method generates an abrasive wear-resistant layer on a substrate. The layer is formed of particles of a ductile material, in particular Zn, wherein the parameters of the cold spraying process are set such that a comparatively loose laminate having pores is formed by the spray particles. The laminate advantageously and surprisingly exhibits high resistance to abrasive wear (for example by a particle) because the layer can avoid the attack by the particle by plastic deformation and closure of the pores, whereby abrasive removal of the layer is advantageously low. The cold gas-sprayed layer is used as a protective layer against abrasive wear.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for repairing a structural weakness in an aircraft fuselage, or preventing the advancement of a structural weakness in an aircraft fuselage. Cold spray methods such as supersonic particle deposition have been shown to positively affect structural characteristics of sheet metal and lap joints as used in fuselage construction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus by which powder is evenly dispersed and is coated on a substrate uniformly and continuously so that a uniform layer may be formed. More specifically the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for forming a coating layer that powder is coated on an entire surface of a substrate uniformly and continuously, regardless of the material or the size of the substrate, as a uniform amount of powder entrained on the carrier air which is generated by carrier air and powder transported to a carrier pipe at a certain rate is consistently fed in to a nozzle, regardless of the size, morphology, and specific weight of the powder particles.

Abstract: Algae-resistant roofing granules include a mineral core and an exterior coating including clay, colloidal silica, phosphate, a metal oxide, and a photocatalytic particulate having an average size under 100 nm. By varying the proportions of the components to the binder for the exterior coating, improved control of the pot life of the coating composition can be achieved, and the binder can be formulated to accommodate different manufacturing conditions.

Abstract: A powder spray nozzle includes an inlet portion having an inlet diameter and an inlet length and an outlet portion having outlet diameter and an outlet length. The nozzle also includes an interface region between the inlet portion and the outlet portion having an interface diameter. A ratio of the inlet diameter to the inlet length is in a range of about 0.15 to 0.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation method for porous hydroxyapatite coatings. In particular, it is a method of using suspension plasma spraying to prepare porous hydroxyapatite coatings, which belongs to the technical field of biomedical material preparations. The present invention added a pore-forming agent into the hydroxyapatite suspension with a solid content of 16%-45%. After full stirring, the feedstock materials for plasma spraying were transferred into the injection system, and injected into the high temperature area of the central plasma flame. Then, the feedstock materials made the heat exchange with the high plasma flame of plasma spraying gun. Then the sprayed raw materials were subjected to breakup and refinement of the droplets, solvent evaporation, the decomposition and gasification of the pore-forming agent and melting of feedstock materials. Finally, the porous hydroxyapatite coatings are directly deposited onto the substrate surfaces of the biomedical materials.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment may include a method comprising: depositing a solution comprising an organometallic compound on a substrate, drying the solution to provide a film of the organometallic compound and at least partially oxidizing an organic component of the organometallic compound to provide nanoparticles including metal oxides on the substrate which would have multiuse industrial applications.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of biomedical material, and is particularly related to a method of preparing bioactive glass coatings by liquid precursor thermal spray. The objective of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the air plasma spraying where the powder feedstock preparation is complicated and time-consuming, and sol-gel or other wet chemistry method where the synthesized coating generally has thin coating thickness and with low production efficiency. Therefore, a new method is provided for preparation of bioactive glass coatings. In this method, organic and inorganic raw materials were first weighed in accordance with the chemical composition of bioactive glasses, and sol or suspension was prepared; then the sol or suspension was used as the feedstock for thermal spray, and was deposited on the biomedical materials substrate, at high temperature to form the bioactive glass coating.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for high-throughput printing of semiconductor precursor layer from microflake particles. In one embodiment, the method comprises of transforming non-planar or planar precursor materials in an appropriate vehicle under the appropriate conditions to create dispersions of planar particles with stoichiometric ratios of elements equal to that of the feedstock or precursor materials, even after settling. In particular, planar particles disperse more easily, form much denser coatings (or form coatings with more interparticle contact area), and anneal into fused, dense films at a lower temperature and/or time than their counterparts made from spherical nanoparticles. These planar particles may be microflakes that have a high aspect ratio. The resulting dense film formed from microflakes are particularly useful in forming photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes airfoils. At least a portion of the airfoils are coated with a coating that provides for erosion and corrosion protection for the portion of the airfoils.

Abstract: The process of the present invention significantly increases the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces, while retaining similar optical properties to those of the original surface. The process uses velocity and heat to take freshly formed nano- and ultrafine particles and can partially embed and chemically bond them to the substrate, creating a strongly bonded nano-to-submicron textured surface. This nanotextured surface can then be modified to have desirable surface properties; for example, it can be hydrophobic, oliophobic, or hydrophilic. The high points of the coating made with this process protect the remainder of the surface from abrasion, thus greatly increasing product life in many uses. In preferred embodiments, the process is used to coat transportation vehicle windshields.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed the formulation and application of an anti-corrosion coating system for use on an associated metallic substrate, the coating composition including at least a sacrificial binder and particles of at least one metallic compound comprising a metal which is anodic relative to the metallic substrate. The associated method includes the steps of applying the coating system to the metallic substrate to form an initial coating, heating this initial coating to remove the sacrificial binder and continued heating under controlled atmospheric conditions sufficient to reduce the metallic compound(s) to elemental metal and form a corrosion suppressing alloy coating on the metallic substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the reprocessing or production of a sputter target or an X-ray anode wherein a gas flow forms a gas/powder mixture with a powder of a material chosen from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, mixtures of two or more thereof and alloys thereof with at least two thereof or with other metals, the powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 150 ?m, wherein a supersonic speed is imparted to the gas flow and the jet of supersonic speed is directed on to the surface of the object to be reprocessed or produced.

Abstract: There are provided a dielectric composition and a preparation method thereof, the dielectric composition including: a first perovskite powder for a core represented by ABO3: and a second perovskite powder for a shell represented by ABO3, having an average particle diameter corresponding to ? to 1/10 of an average particle diameter of the first perovskite powder, and included in an amount of 1 to 70 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the first perovskite powder, wherein particles of the second perovskite powder have pores having a volume fraction of 3 to 50 vol % therein. According to the present invention, there are provided a dielectric composition having excellent dielectric characteristics and electrical characteristics, and a preparation method thereof.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a joined sputtering target is formed by filling at least a portion of a gap between two discrete sputtering-target tiles with a gap-fill material, spray-depositing a spray material to form a partial joint, removing at least a portion of the gap-fill material, and, thereafter, spray-depositing the spray material to join the tiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a coating on a gas turbine component, in which particles at least of parts of a material to be applied as coating are accelerated by means of kinetic gas dynamic cold spraying in a spray jet onto the surface (2) of the component (1) to be coated, wherein a reactive gas is fed into the spray jet (6), so that the reactive gas reacts at least partially with the particles of the coating material when the particles impinge on the surface (2) to be coated and/or wherein the deposited layer (9) is heated locally and/or over a large area and impacted with a reactive gas, as well as a gas turbine component produced in this way.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing an engine component. The method includes providing a structural bridge device on a base block; forming a component portion on the structural bridge device with an additive manufacturing technique; removing the component portion from the base block and the structural bridge device; and finishing the component portion to form the engine component.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of laying a floor covering (14) on a floor (12). The method comprises the step of painting the floor to be covered (10) with a floor paint comprising ferromagnetic particles, and placing a magnetic floor covering (14) thereon.

Abstract: A method for making a thermal interface material includes following steps. A substrate having a plurality of CNT arrays arranged thereon and a number of first interspaces defined between the CNT arrays is provided. A container is provided and the substrate with the CNT arrays is disposed into the container. A number of low melting point metallic nanoparticles is provided and filled in the first interspaces. The low melting point metallic nanoparticles in the container is heated into a liquid state, and the low melting point metal nanoparticles in liquid state is combined with the CNT arrays to form a composite material on the substrate. The composite material is peeled off from the substrate, and a thermal interface material is obtained.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for the production of composite particles utilizing a mechano chemical bonding process following by high energy ball milling on a powder mixture comprised of coating particles, first host particles, and second host particles. The composite particles formed have a grain size of less than one micron with grains generally characterized by a uniformly dispersed coating material and a mix of first material and second material intermetallics. The method disclosed is particularly useful for the fabrication of oxide dispersion strengthened coatings, for example using a powder mixture comprised of Y2O3, Cr, Ni, and Al. This particular powder mixture may be subjected to the MCB process for a period generally less than one hour following by high energy ball milling for a period as short as 2 hours. After application by cold spraying, the composite particles may be heat treated to generate an oxide-dispersion strengthened coating.

Abstract: A method of forming a deposit using a cold spray apparatus is disclosed. The method includes introducing a powder feedstock into a cold spray apparatus, and operating the cold spray apparatus to deposit the feedstock. The feedstock includes particles including an interior portion and an outer portion, wherein a melting point of the outer portion is less than a melting point of the interior portion.

Abstract: A method for brazing a component in a power generation system, the brazed power generation system component, and braze are provided to improve repairing power generation systems. The method includes providing the component having a feature in a surface of the component and coating a particulate material with a filler material to obtain a coated particulate material. The method includes preparing the feature to obtain a treatment area and filling the treatment area in the surface of the component with the coated particulate material. The method includes heating the treatment area and surrounding component to a brazing temperature and applying oxidation protection to the treatment area. After the brazing temperature is obtained, the method includes brazing the treatment area and the screen and cooling the component to obtain a brazed joint.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic honeycomb structure comprising a ceramic honeycomb body having large numbers of longitudinally extending cells defined by cell walls, and an outer peripheral wall formed on an outer peripheral surface of the ceramic honeycomb body, comprising the steps of applying a coating material comprising colloidal silica having an average particle size of 4-150 nm to longitudinally extending grooves defined by cell walls on the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic honeycomb body, and induction-drying the coating material to form the outer peripheral wall.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to production of photoelectric grade films or cells from semiconductor powders or dust. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for producing a photoelectric grade film from a semiconductor powder. The method includes providing a substrate, coating the substrate with a layer of the semiconductor powder and moving the substrate with the layer of the semiconductor powder under an energy source at a predefined rate, wherein the predefined rate is sufficient to melt the semiconductor powder by the energy source and to cool the substrate such that substantially all impurities are moved to an edge of the substrate.

Abstract: The method of laser treating Ti-6Al-4V to form surface compounds is a method of forming barrier layers on surfaces of Ti-6Al-4V workpieces. The Ti-6Al-4V workpiece is first cleaned and then a water-soluble phenolic resin is applied to at least one surface of the Ti-6Al-4V workpiece. The Ti-6Al-4V workpiece and the layer(s) of water soluble phenolic resin are then heated to carbonize the phenolic resin, thus forming a carbon film on the at least one surface. TiC particles are then inserted into the carbon film. Following the insertion of the TiC particles, a laser beam is scanned over the at least one surface of the Ti-6Al-4V workpiece. A stream of nitrogen gas is sprayed on the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V workpiece coaxially and simultaneously with the laser beam at a relatively high pressure, thus forming a barrier layer of TiCxN1-x, TiNx, Ti—C, and Ti2N compounds in the surface region.

Abstract: A method for making a housing of an electronic device includes applying a layer of ceramic powder material to an outer surface of a metal substrate. The layer of ceramic powder material and a top layer of the metal substrate are melted by laser irradiation, forming a ceramic-metal composite coating integrally bonding with the metal substrate when cooled. The substrate with the ceramic-metal composite coating is heated to a peak temperature, maintained at the peak temperature for a desired period of time, and then cooled down to room temperature. The heat treated metal substrate with the ceramic-metal composite coating is then formed into a desired shape.

Abstract: Provided herein are nanoparticulate coated structures and methods of making structures. The structures comprise a support element, a nanoparticulate layer, and a binder disposed on the support element, wherein the binder comprises an alkali silicate or borate. In addition, methods of making the structures and uses of the described structures are described herein.

Abstract: A film formation method according to the present invention includes the step of forming a film of material powders 7 by introducing a carrier gas 5 to a first chamber 8 accommodating the material powders 7 intermittently and mixing the material powders 7 and the carrier gas 5 to generate a first aerosol, introducing the first aerosol to a second chamber 9 to generate a second aerosol, and jetting the second aerosol to a third chamber 13 to form a film of the material powders 7.

Abstract: In a method for applying an electron absorber layer to a substrate, an electron absorber layer is produced from a composite material, by coating the substrate with a metallic material, and material inclusions made from an additional material are embedded in the metallic material during coating. The metallic material contains aluminum, magnesium, cobalt, iron, chromium, titanium, nickel, copper, or an alloy or mixture thereof. The additional material contains one or more of the following substances: boron, carbon or silicon, a mixture of these elements, one or more chemical compounds made from or having at least two of these elements, or a mixture of such chemical compounds.

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to an improved heating chamber of a heating device having a non-reactive surface layer. The heating chamber includes at least one metal layer and at least one non-reactive disposed thereon. The improved heating chamber is protected against reacting chemically during the thermal treatment process, and has better anti-corrosion capability. The heating chamber is also protected against cracking. Therefore, the service life of the heating chamber is extended. A heating device having improved heating chamber and at least one method of forming the non-reactive layer are also disclosed.

Abstract: A self-renewing cutting tool or cutting element is formed by bonding an overcoat, cladding or layer of highly abrasive, very durable material on a surface of a substrate or load-bearing element. The cutting layer is a composite structure and includes appropriately sized, multi-edged pieces of a superhard material, such as tungsten carbide, dispersed in a softer material which produces high strength bonds between and among the pieces and the substrate or load-bearing element.

Abstract: A method for forming an oxide-dispersion strengthened coating on a metal substrate is disclosed. The method generally includes comminuting MCrAlY alloy particles to form an oxygen-enriched powder, wherein at least about 25% by volume of the MCrAlY alloy particles within the oxygen-enriched powder have a particle size of less than about 5 ?m. Additionally, the method includes applying the oxygen-enriched powder to the metal substrate to form a coating and heating the oxygen-enriched powder to precipitate oxide dispersoids within the coating.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing fabric includes the steps of grinding a material with cool effect into powder of nanometer scale; adding antibacterial zinc oxide powder of nanometer scale or antibacterial silver powder of nanometer scale to the powder; mixing the zinc oxide powder or the silver powder with the powder to form a mixture wherein weight percentages of the cool powder to either the zinc oxide powder or the silver powder are about 95 wt % to 5 wt %; and applying the mixture to top and bottom surfaces of a flat fiber assembly respectively so as to form a cool layer on each of the top and bottom surfaces of the flat fiber assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are described for deposition of materials such as particulate materials onto a surface. The methods employ the use of shockwaves or compression waves to project the particulate material onto the surface as desired. This allows for the preparation of solid objects or coated surfaces that exhibit, for example, superior density and uniformity.

Abstract: A film forming apparatus for forming a film according to an AD method in which separation of the film or generation of hillocks is suppressed when the film formed on a substrate is heat-treated. The apparatus includes: an aerosol generating unit (1-4) for dispersing raw material powder (20) with a gas, thereby aerosolizing the raw material powder (20); a processing unit (6) for processing the raw material powder (20) aerosolized by the aerosol generating unit (1-4) to reduce an amount of impurity, which generates a gas by being heated, adhering to or contained in the raw material powder (20); and an injection nozzle (9) for spraying the aerosolized raw material powder (20) processed by the processing unit (6) toward a substrate (30) to deposit the raw material powder (20) on the substrate (30).

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate with cryo-milled, nano-grained particles includes forming a face-centered-cubic gamma matrix comprising nickel, cobalt, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum, adding a dispersion strengthening material to the gamma matrix to form a first mixture, cryo-milling the first mixture to form a second mixture to form a nano-grained structure, and cold spraying the second mixture onto a substrate to form a coating having a nano-grained structure.

Abstract: To provide a sliding material whose superficial sliding characteristics can be modified in compliance with the requirements of sliding component parts without ever changing the surface roughness of sliding material very much by means of shot blasting treatment, and to provide a sliding member using the sliding material. A sliding material according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: a metallic substrate; and an adhered metal being formed by mechanical adhesion by means of shot blasting metallic particles, which are softer than said metallic substrate and whose friction coefficients are smaller than that of said metallic substrate, onto a sliding surface of said metallic substrate so as to cover 8% or more of the sliding surface of said metallic substrate.

Abstract: The embodiments include a method for producing a coating through cold gas spraying. In the process, particles according to the embodiments are used which contain a photocatalytic material. In order to improve the effect of this photocatalytic material (such as titanium dioxide), a reactive gas can be added to the cold gas stream, the reactive gas being activated by a radiation source not shown, for example by UV light, on the surface of the coating that forms. This makes it possible to, for example, dose titanium dioxide with nitrogen. This allows the production of in situ layers having advantageously high catalytic effectiveness. The use of cold gas spraying has the additional advantage in that the coating can be designed to contain pores that enlarge the surface available for catalysis.

Abstract: Methods of reducing corrosion between magnesium and another metal are disclosed herein. In one method, a corrosion protection material is cold sprayed at an interface formed between the magnesium and the other metal, the corrosion protection material including magnesium. In another method, a cladding layer is applied to heat affected areas of the magnesium and/or the other metal, at a welded joint, or combinations thereof.