Abstract: Defects in green, unsintered ceramic casting cores which contain a thermoplastic binder are repaired according to this invention. In a preferred embodiment, a mixture of a volatilizable solvent and ceramic particles are applied to the defect. The solvent softens the binder in the core, and the loose ceramic particles patch the defect area. After the solvent volatilizes, the binder hardens and binds the newly applied particles to the core. Then, the repaired core is heated to a first temperature to volatilize the binder, and then to a second, higher temperature to sinter the ceramic particles to each other.

Abstract: A dye-receiving sheet for thermal transfer printing which is used in combination with a dye transfer sheet and comprises a substrate and a dye-receiving layer formed on one side of the substrate. The dye-receiving layer is made of a dye-receiving resin matrix dispersing a mixture of a silane copolymer and colloidal silica particles which form strong network structures through silane coupling, and a releasing surface active agent.

Abstract: A method of applying .gamma.-alumina to a porous ceramics structure includes the steps of: causing fine particles of .gamma.-alumina together with a carrier gas to flow through pores in the porous ceramics structure so as to deposit the .gamma.-alumina fine particles on the surfaces of the skeleton of the porous ceramics structure, and heating the structure with the .gamma.-aluminum particles deposited thereto to a predetermined temperature thereby fixing the .gamma.-alumina particles. The fine particles of .gamma.-alumina are formed by causing an arc discharge between the surface of molten aluminum and an aluminum electrode so as to generate vapor of aluminum, and oxidizing the aluminum vapor by an oxidizing gas which may be Ar-O.sub.2 carrier gas which is made to flow through the pores in the porous ceramics structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to synthetic coatings applied to substrates to simulate natural stone. The synthetic coatings are curable and saturated with a thin coating of fine particulate material. An implement is then used to tamp the coated surface to produce a natural stone appearance.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface condition of materials comprises applying simultaneously to the surface of a material a plurality of typo-offset, silk screen printing or offset inks or varnishes having different polymerization temperatures and polymerization speeds, predrying at an appropriate temperature and for a length of time sufficient for polymerizing a certain type of ink(s), applying to the treated surface at least one batch of particles which adhere exclusively to not yet polymerized inks, removing the excess particles of a batch by suction and/or blowing and finishing the drying at a temperature and for a length of time appropriate for completing the polymerization of all the types of ink.

Abstract: Techniques are described for the formation of an abrasive surface layer on an article. The surface layer is characterized by a single layer of particles which are evenly spaced apart, in a high density arrangement, within a metallic matrix. In the deposition of the particles on the article, a vacuum is drawn through a perforated plate, wherein the location of each perforation corresponds to the desired location of one particle on the article surface. The vacuum holds one particle over each perforation in the plate, then the plate is positioned over the article and the vacuum level adjusted so that the particles fall onto the article. The matrix is then deposited by plasma arc spraying a superalloy powder. The invention is particularly suited to the formation of an abrasive layer on the tip surface of a blade used in a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for manufacturing synthetic decorative coverings is presented in which at least one powder (generally a polymeric resin) is selectively deposited, in accordance with a pattern or decoration, onto a base material. The power deposition is carried out under gravity without contact between the means of applying the powder and the base. At least one of the deposited powders contains particles which are fusible at a temperature below the distortion temperature of the base and which is compatible with the base material. At least one thermal treatment is then carried out at a temperature below the distortion temperature of the base so as to fix the decorative pattern produced by deposited powders. The apparatus for applying the powders consists of a continuous screen printing frame, in particular, a screen printing roller which is fed by a device providing uniform distribution of the powder into a hopper located inside the roller.

Abstract: A method of planarizing or smoothing the surface of a ceramic substrate by deposition of a silicon nitride layer. The silicon nitride in addition to planarizing the surface forms an alpha particle barrier. The substrates suitable for planarization with silicon nitride in accordance with the method of the present invention are sintered oxide particles which are bonded with a silicon bonding phase. The silicon content of the silicon bonding phase is greater than the silicon content of the aggregate of the oxide particles. The silicon nitride is preferably deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and the silicon bonding phase is preferably a glass.

Abstract: A method of treating piston rings to render their surfaces extremely hard-wearing, wherein the rings are assembled in batches on a tubular mandrel which is then surrounded by a matching cylinder, the mandrel bearing the rings and the cylinder being subjected to relative cyclical motion while a slurry of hard silicon carbide particles is poured into the cylinder. Either the wall of the tubular mandrel, or the wall of the cylinder, or both, are provided with holes to allow the slurry to flow away. The cyclical motion may consist of relative rotation at 170 r.p.m. and simultaneous relative reciprocation at 5 cycles per minute. The slurry may consist of 220 mesh silicon carbide powder in oil, with the treatment lasting for one minute, and preferably this is followed by a further treatment of one minute with a 400 mesh silicon carbide particle slurry.

Abstract: A minute color coded identifier having a longitudinal axis, which is transversely color banded about its periphery. The identifier may, for example, be 0.015 inch long, have a transverse dimension of about 0.004 inch and have seven or more color bands such as to be observable under a power of 10 or more magnification. A method of making such identifiers, as well as a method of applying the same to articles for later identification is disclosed that involves a dispersion of identifiers in a transparent and hardenable cementitious liquid such as nitrocellulose in a suitable volatile solvent such as acetone and ethyl acetate, e.g. a common clear fingernail polish.

Abstract: A process for metallizing the surface of a ceramic is provided. The surface of a ceramic is coated with a mixture of SiO.sub.2 and at least one copper compound selected from the group consisting of copper carbonate, copper sulfate, copper sulfide, copper oxide, and copper chloride. Thereafter, the film is heated at 900.degree. to 1300.degree. C. in an oxidizing atmosphere to form a baked layer on the surface of the ceramic. The ceramic having the baked layer formed thereon is subjected to a reduction treatment to form a copper-metallized layer on the surface of the ceramic.

Abstract: A metallic base paint comprising a blend consisting essentially of (A) a silyl group containing vinyl type resin having a backbone substantially comprising a polyvinyl type polymer chain and containing at least one silicon atom attached to a hydrolyzable group at a terminal or in a side chain in its molecule; (B) metal powder; and one or more of the following: (C) acrylic resin; (D) cellulosic compound; (E) reactive silicon compound. This paint can be cured at low temperatures, with setting time, and provides a coated surface of uniform metallic luster.

Abstract: A decorative plastic floor tile composed of a decorative plastic base having a plurality of elements positioned on the base with a clear or translucent wear layer overlying the elements and the base. The base has raised and depressed areas. The elements comprise particles, preferably inorganic and rounded, and these are embedded in a plastic matrix which is placed only on the raised areas of the base. The particles are distributed throughout the matrix in a single layer of particles with the particles protruding from the matrix but being below the upper most level of the wear layer.

Abstract: The surface properties of solid substrates are improved by the formation of discrete sites of inorganic materials on one surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A non-skid decorative plastic floor covering comprised of a decorative plastic base having a plurality of slip-resistant elements positioned on the base with a clear or translucent wear layer overlying the slip-resistant elements and the exposed intervening base. The slip-resistant elements comprise particles, preferably inorganic and rounded, embedded in a cured plastic matrix, the particles being distributed throughout the matrix in a substantially abutting relationship with the upper-most layer of particles protruding from the matrix such that the protruding particles impart a rough, irregular non-skid surface texture to the wear layer overlying the slip-resistant elements.

Abstract: An ultraviolet reactive ink is applied to a translucent substrate in the desired circuit image and partially cured to a tacky state with ultraviolet radiation. A resist material is then applied to the substrate in the negative circuit image and metallic particles are deposited on the ink by vacuum deposition. The ink is then further cured to a hardened state with ultraviolet radiation applied from both above and beneath the substrate to counteract the tendency of the metal to reflect radiation applied only from above the substrate. Finally, the resist material is removed from the substrate leaving the fully formed circuit board comprising the substrate, the fully cured ink circuit image bonded thereto, and a metallic conductive layer on the ink.

Abstract: The method of providing on location a vitreous enamel bathtub with traction means in a predetermined pattern comprising the steps of:(a) cleaning the vitreous enamel surface;(b) securing a stencil having cutouts therein to the bottom of the tub and, in the stencil cutouts;(c) removing the glaze by etching with acid, scrubbing and sanding;(d) rewashing the cutouts;(e) applying an enamel coat;(f) sprinkling on silica sand;(g) top coating with enamel; p0 (h) removing the stencil;(i) curing the resulting traction means with heat; and(j) removing any excess sand.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermal transferable twinkling pattern is disclosed. The resulting colorful twinkling pattern preformed on a substrate may be transferred on any material to be decorated by simply applying heat and pressure, and a vivid twinkling colorful decorative effect will be achieved by incident light.

Abstract: A ceramic throw-away tip which comprises a hot-pressed sinter of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 on the surface of which is a thin coating of at least one of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and AlON.

Abstract: Printed circuits are produced by an additive technique wherein a metal-loaded resinous ink is first printed on the board, the circuit next being covered with a conductive metal powder while the ink is still wet. The powder is then pressed into the ink and the circuit cured. Next, a solder stratum is alloyed with the powder as by a solder paste printed over the circuit and the board heated to cause the solder to alloy with the ink an powder substrates. A solder resist may then be applied selectively over the circuit and multiple layers of circuits may be built up on the board. The conductive ink is an epoxy resin loaded with a metallic powder, preferably copper, with a catalyst added to the ink. The solder paste is a lead-tin alloy containing antimony suspended in a binder and a flux.The apparatus employed to carry out the procedure includes silk screens and a roller arrangement for pressing the metallic powder into the ink. The press includes a plurality of progressively harder rollers.

Abstract: A novel process for fastening ceramic material such as alumina or the like to metallic material such as an electrical conductor. The process is characterized by the fact that a solder wettable, oxidation-resistant barrier is used, on metal particles printed onto the ceramic. In some advantageous processes, the carbide layer allows metallizing processes to be carried out in non-hydrogen atmospheres. The process requires no expensive noble metal; and it utilizes a barrier material which is sufficiently stable to tolerate conductive film formation at high temperatures. Nickel-carbide coated nickel is a particularly favorable material for use in the invention because it is conductive, in the ohmic sense, and is readily wetted by common solders.Also disclosed are novel articles and compositions useful in practice of the process of the invention, and novel articles produced by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A method of treating metal sliding contact surfaces is disclosed. The method comprises pitting the surface (as by shot-blasting with glass or sand), impregnating the pitted surface with a dry lubricant (such as powdered graphite or MoS.sub.2), and roughening the impregnated surface to partially close the pits and to generate "peaks" of metal which are worn away during a bedding-in of the interengaging sliding contact surfaces.

Abstract: An enameled steel plate is disclosed having a linear thermal coefficient of expansion at a temperature between 30.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. within the range of from 100.times.10.sup.-7 to 190.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree. C. and covered with phosphate glass or crystallized glass consisting essentially of from 40 to 75 mol % component X, from 20 to 55 mol % component Y, and from 0.1 to 10 mol % component Z, whereinComponent X is P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ;Component Y is selected from ZnO, K.sub.2 O, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in an amount of up to 20 mol % and CaO and BaO in an amount of up to 55 mol %; andComponent Z is selected from SrO, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, CeO.sub.2, and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5.The product has improved water resistance and chemical durability especially in high temperature and high humidity environment, and therefore, is suitable for use in thick film hybrid integrated circuits employed in automobiles.

Abstract: A composition is provided for marking hot metal objects, which may be moving e.g. steel bar emerging from a rolling mill. The composition is in powder form and comprises a major weight proportion of refractory pigment and a fusible adhesion agent therefor. For marking, the composition may be applied in a carrier gas, optionally through a stencil, to the surface of the object and allowed to adhere there. Clear, durable markings are obtainable.

Abstract: An iron oxide pigment having a coating of a silane of the formulaR.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-nwhereinR is an, in some cases, branched or oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl or alkenyl moiety of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aryl moiety,R' is an, in some cases, branched and, in some cases, oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl moiety of 1 to 8,n=1 to 3,or a hydrolysis product thereof; a magnetic tape containing such coated iron oxide pigment and a process for coating such iron oxide pigment. There is particularly disclosed the treatment of iron oxide magnetic pigments to thereby improve their wear resistance and dispersibility in organic mediums.

Abstract: A method for decorating a surface of a ceramic article wherein a selected design is delineated on said surface by applying to said surface an adhesive flowable sticky medium comprising ceramic and organic material including an organic gum, Bentonite, and a frit material. Particulate material in the form of discrete flowable granules of ceramic and organic material are applied to the adhesive medium where the granules at ambient temperatures stick to the adhesive medium coating on the article. Excess granules are removed from the sticky adhesive medium and adjacent surfaces. The article is then fired; the ceramic body and the ceramic material and organic material of the adhesive medium and of the granules interacting during firing and fusing together without exhibiting crawling and maintaining design area integrity.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin, a leafing grade aluminum paste, and a solvent are mixed to form a metallic printing ink which is useful for metallizing a wide range of paper stocks by selected conventional printing processes, such as rotogravure printing. The metallic ink can be applied at four pounds per ream (6.5 g/m.sup.2) of dry coating to form a satisfactory moisture barrier, but the ink is similar to paint in that a glossy aluminum finish is produced by leafing of the aluminum particles when the coated paper is heated, as by passing the paper over a heated roll.

Abstract: A design is fabricated by placing an outline of the design on a surface and covering the outline with fragments of material such as mother-of-pearl so that the fragments extend beyond the outer periphery of the outline. An opaque mask is placed on the fragments and the surface surrounding the fragments in registry with the outline to insure that the mask is properly aligned with the fragments. The mask conceals the fragments extending beyond the periphery of said outline as well as the surface to which the fragments are secured. The mask may include a pattern covering the fragments in the design for simulating a line between adjoining mother-of-pearl fragments which have been precisely cut to match each other as in a conventional mother-of-pearl design. Finally the fragments and the surrounding surface are covered with a clear sealant to protect the design.

Abstract: A magnetic image decorator is disclosed wherein two or more rotatable cylindrical magnetic augers disposed in a sump of magnetically attractable toner are used in conjunction with cooperating knife blades to decorate a surface containing a latent magnetic image and to distribute and redistribute toner particles to maintain a level sump.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of embossing a wood grain pattern on a composition board surface to provide it with a grain detail such that auto-glazing may be carried out. Auto-glazing is automatically providing variable amounts of glazing on a wood surface to highlight the grain pattern of the wood.

Abstract: An iron oxide pigment having a coating of a silane of the formulaR.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-nwhereinR is an, in some cases, branched or oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl or alkenyl moiety of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aryl moiety,R' is an, in some cases, branched and, in some cases, oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl moiety of 1 to 8,N=1 to 3,Or a hydrolysis product thereof; a magnetic tape containing such coated iron oxide pigment and a process for coating such iron oxide pigment. There is particularly disclosed the treatment of iron oxide magnetic pigments to thereby improve their wear resistance and dispersibility in organic mediums.

Abstract: Farinaceous material and water are mixed in proper proportion, applied to panels to be decorated and/or protected in desired designs or embedded with various inert materials, and then dried. The coating material cracks, then it is stained and coated with shellac, lacquer or varnish to give further protection. After staining, the coating material has the appearance of inlaid stone.

Abstract: In a process for forming an extremely hard-wearing rubber or bearing surface on a metal machine part, particles of hard grit, such as carbide grit, are deliberately formed into the surface using a resiliently-loaded tool, so that the surface becomes permanently impregnated with the hard particles. During the operation the particles can conveniently be contained in a slurry that flows over the surface. After impregnation, a lapping operation is performed on the impregnated surface using a fine carbide grit.

Abstract: Retroreflective-treated fabrics, and products and methods for forming the treatments are taught. As an example, a free-flowing mass of minute retroreflectorization particles that each comprise hemispherically reflectorized transparent microspheres supported in a softenable binder material are cascaded onto a fabric. The binder material is softened during application to provide adhesion of the particles to the fabric. A very sparse retroreflective treatment can be provided, which leaves the fabric with nearly its full original appearance as well as hand, feel, and breathability. Yet the treatment will greatly increase the safety of a pedestrian by making him visible at night.

Abstract: A support for use in electrophotographic sensitive plates which is superior in durability as well as half-tone reproducibility as photosensitive material and is prepared by forming a barrier layer on practically the whole surface of a conductive base plate by burying fine particles of metal oxide therein.

Abstract: Retroreflective sheeting having improved resistance to delamination is prepared by imparting a grid pattern to a monolayer of glass spheres having a light reflecting layer thereon, applying a sphere binder layer over the grid pattern imposed on the monolayer of glass spheres so as to adhere to the reflective layer on the monolayer of glass spheres, and pressure consolidating the resulting composite against a clear, protective overlay film, wherein the overlay film bonds to the sphere binder layer in the grooves formed by the grid pattern.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming an adherent image, such as a design, print, or decoration, on a substrate by applying a fusible pigmented polyolefin powder in a selected pattern to a hot surface of a polyolefin substrate, and fusing the particles of the powder to each other and to the surface to form the image on cooling.

Abstract: Powdered binder metal and hard metal granules are deposited in measured quantities on the cutting edge of a metal blade. When these materials both have a magnetic component, an electromagnet with an elongated air gap is used to pick up quantities determined by the amount of exciting current and to deposit them on the surface to be coated. A high-frequency heating current flows through the object being coated and also through a nearby inductor in series. This produces a short heating cycle in which the binder metal is melted, this being done in a protective gas atmosphere and without the presence of a flux. The object to be coated is held in a clamping device provided with a cavity around the surfaces to be coated, which include adjacent side surfaces as well as the edge of the blade, and the clamping plates also operate as heat sinks. The method and apparatus can also be used for sintering on a coating, but that requires a longer heating cycle.

Abstract: Retro-reflective material is made by applying a mono-layer of transparent glass beads to a tacky coating formed on a carrier sheet, coating exposed parts of the beads with a reflective material such as aluminium, and embedding the reflectively coated parts of the beads in an adhesive coating on a backing member. The carrier sheet is then stripped off. The thickness of the adhesive coating on the backing member is less than the typical diameter of the beads, and the thickness of the tacky coating on the carrier sheet is less than that of the adhesive on the backing member. In some cases screens or stencils are interposed between the carrier sheet and the backing member. Products resulting from these processes are described.

Abstract: A method of producing a hard wearing bearing surface on a component such as a cylinder or cylinder liner, by pressing an accurately screened hard powder in liquid medium into engagement with the surface and on a helical path, the pressure and powder size being such that oil retaining micro-grooves are formed and also that a great number of powder particles, which particles virtually constitute the bearing surface, are embedded.

Abstract: An overglaze decalcomania is provided which includes a prefused low melting point glass flux or frit as a protective layer and is substantially resistant to both acid and alkali attack, to mechanical abrasion, and inhibits release of lead, cadmium and other toxic substances normally found in decalcomanias. The frit is comprised of increments of lead oxide, silicon dioxide, cadmium oxide and tin oxide, and optionally titanium dioxide. It can include substituents of conventional frits as well. There is also provided a method for preparing such an overglaze decalcomania.

Abstract: Retroreflective-treated fabrics, and products and methods for forming the treatments are taught. As an example, a free-flowing mass of minute retroreflectorization particles that each comprise hemispherically reflectorized transparent microspheres supported in a softenable binder material are cascaded onto a fabric. The binder material is softened during application to provide adhesion of the particles to the fabric. A very sparse retroreflective treatment can be provided, which leaves the fabric with nearly its full original appearance as well as hand, feel, and breathability. Yet the treatment will greatly increase the safety of a pedestrian by making him visible at night.