Abstract: An object is to provide a dielectric layer of a double-sided copper clad laminate, for use in formation of a built-in capacitor layer, which can be formed in an optional thickness without using a skeletal material and is provided with a high strength. For the purpose of achieving the object, “a dielectric filler containing resin for use in formation of the built-in capacitor layer of a printed wiring board obtained by mixing a binder resin comprising 20 to 80 parts by weight of epoxy resin (inclusive of a curing agent), 20 to 80 parts by weight of a solvent soluble aromatic polyamide resin polymer, and a curing accelerator added in an appropriate amount according to need; and a dielectric filler which is a nearly spherical dielectric powder having perovskite structure which is 0.1 to 1.0 ?m in the average particle size DIA, 0.2 to 2.0 ?m in the weight cumulative particle size D50 based on the laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method, and 4.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a cosmetic powder whose coating includes polymers or co-polymer belonging to the Poly Alpha Hydroxi Acids family, to a cosmetic composition that contains it and to the process of preparation of the powder.

Abstract: A new class of surface modified particles and a multi-step Michael-type addition surface modification process for the preparation of the same is provided. The multi-step Michael-type addition surface modification process involves two or more reactions to compatibilize particles with various host systems and/or to provide the particles with particular chemical reactivities. The initial step comprises the attachment of a small organic compound to the surface of the inorganic particle. The subsequent steps attach additional compounds to the previously attached organic compounds through reactive organic linking groups. Specifically, these reactive groups are activated carbon—carbon pi bonds and carbon and non-carbon nucleophiles that react via Michael or Michael-type additions.

Abstract: A method for coating particles and the coated particles obtained thereby are disclosed. The particles are first placed in a solution of a first monomer that forms a self-assembling monolayer on the particles thereby forming coated particles. The coated particles are then suspended in a second solution that includes a chemical species and an initiator for oxidative polymerization. The chemical species has a higher oxidation potential than the monomers. In addition, the chemical species form a homopolymer in the presence of the initiator that is covalently bound to the first monomers. Particles of semiconductors such as TiO2, SiO2, SnO2, Al2O3 can be coated with polymers that alter the bandgap energy of the semiconducting particles and/or provide other useful surface chemistries.

Abstract: A method of coloring or coating particles, such as small stones, recycled plastic fragments or recycles rubber fragments comprises mixing the particles with curable liquid resin coating in a mixture, wherein the weight of the coating is within the range of 0.2 percent to 20 percent of the weight of the particles, accelerating the curing when needed by heating, radiation, or additional chemicals to speed the cure, and continuing to agitate the mixture in the mixer until the coating is cured. Preferably, the coated particles are recycled rubber fragments, and the particle size is larger than 0.1 mm, preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The colored particles can be used as a cheap substitute colored EPTM granules.

Abstract: Fine silica particles surface-treated with a silane and having primary particles having a particle diameter of from 0.01 to 5 ?m, which fine silica particles fulfill the following conditions (i) and (ii), a process for their production and an organic resin composition containing such particles as a component are provided. (i) When an organic compound which is liquid at room temperature and has a dielectric constant of from 1 to 40 F/m and fine silica particles are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1 and shaked, the fine silica particles disperse uniformly in the organic compound, and (ii) the quantity of primary particles remaining as primary particles when methanol is evaporated under heating by means of an evaporator from a dispersion prepared by dispersing the fine silica particles in methanol and thereafter the particles are held at a temperature of 100° C. for 2 hours, is in a percentage of at least 20% based on the quantity of primary particles originally present.

Abstract: A washfast and down-proof metallized fabric which comprises a metallic side, a non-metallic side and a cross-linked polyurethane latex coating over both sides which encapsulates said metal particles, its method of preparation and articles of clothing comprising such fabric are described.

Abstract: Porous carpeting for use within vehicles, and methods of making same, are provided. A carpet backing is heated to achieve a fluid or semi-fluid state and then subjected to intense vacuum to draw air through the carpet backing to create a porous structure. A layer of porous thermoformable material may be applied to the porous carpet structure to provide mechanical strength.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect film includes a substrate, a plurality of ferromagnetic particles disposed on the substrate, a nonmagnetic film deposited on the substrate and covering the plurality of ferromagnetic particles, and a pair of electrodes arranged on the nonmagnetic film, in which the resistance across the pair of electrodes is changed by applying a magnetic field. The magnetoresistance effect film is manufactured by vapor-depositing ferromagnetic particle starting material on a substrate at a temperature not exceeding 300° C., the starting material being vapor-deposited in an amount enough to cover the substrate surface to a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 15 nm, and, after formation of ferromagnetic particles on the substrate, vapor-depositing at a temperature not exceeding room temperature a nonmagnetic film over the ferromagnetic particles, the nonmagnetic film having a thickness ranging from 1 to 100 nm, and providing a pair of electrodes each at a predetermined position on the nonmagnetic film.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the production of functionalised unreactive substrates in which the surface of the substrate is firstly coated with a melamine-formaldehyde resin and subsequently reacted with a functionalising reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a TiO2 pigment coated sequentially in a wet treatment process with hydrous silica and hydrous alumina both in the presence of citric acid wherein the resulting pigment is coated with from 1 to 4% amorphous alumina based on the weight of the untreated TiO2; from 3 to 6% silica glass based on the weight of the untreated TiO2.

Abstract: The invention provides coated abrasive products having as a backing material a barrier-coated tear-resistant laminate of fabric and paper overcoated on the barrier coating with an abrasive coating. The coated abrasive product is made by laminating at least one fabric sheet and at least one paper sheet with adhesive to provide a laminate having at least one major surface provided by the fabric sheet, coating the surface of the fabric with a barrier coating and coating the barrier coated surface with an abrasive layer.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing multilayer pellets having a core-sheath structure with a molding material forming a sheath which covers the outer circumference of another molding material forming a core, which includes (a) supplying the core material and the sheath material to a die extruder having multiple extrusion-forming parts arranged along a circumference, (b) extruding multiple multilayer strands from the extrusion-forming parts by covering around the outer circumference of the core material concentrically with the sheath material, and (c) cutting the extruded multilayer strands to manufacture multilayer pellets.

Abstract: This invention provides a high-solids coating composition which comprises (A) a compound which has at least one radically polymerizable unsaturated group per molecule, (B) a hydroxyl group-containing ester compound which is obtained by ester-forming addition reaction between 2,2-dimethylolalkanoic acid having 6 to 8 carbon atoms and alkanoic acid monoglycidylester, and which has an acid value of 20 mgKOH/g or less, (C) a curing agent which is reactive with the above-mentioned hydroxyl group-containing ester compound (B), and (D) a photopolymerization initiator, and also provides a process to form a coating film by spray coating of said coating composition, which process is characterized by irradiating flying paint particles which have been sprayed and/or paint which has been applied onto a substrate with active energy ray so as to make the coating composition partially react, and by subsequently heating the coating composition.

Abstract: A mercury-containing material, a method for producing the same and a fluorescent lamp using the same that can enclose a minimal amount of mercury in a glass bulb precisely, prevent flaws in a fluorescent coating while suppressing a noise during a lamp transportation, and prevent deterioration in appearance are provided. A surface of liquid mercury is coated with a continuous film made of metal oxide or metal complex oxide by dipping the mercury in a metal alkoxide solution and then heating the mercury on which the metal alkoxide solution adheres. Accordingly, the minimal amount of the mercury can be enclosed in the fluorescent lamp precisely, thus achieving friendliness to the environment. It also is possible to prevent flaws in the fluorescent coating while suppressing a noise during the lamp transportation and further to prevent deterioration in appearance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organosilicon particle having the formula SiaObCcHd. The particle may be coated with an organic film, preferably a rigid connector compound. The present invention also provides a method of using the organosilicon particle and/or rigid connector compound in the formation of a low-k dielectric film.

Abstract: Electrically conducting printable webs of plastic having upper and lower sides, at least one of said sides being provided with a primer layer for printing pretreatment, comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, acrylates, polyester resins with isocyanates or combinations thereof, on which another layer containing an electrically conducting organic polymer is coated.

Abstract: Particles have an ultrathin, conformal coating are made using atomic layer deposition methods. The base particles include ceramic and metallic materials. The coatings can also be ceramic or metal materials that can be deposited in a binary reaction sequence. The coated particles are useful as fillers for electronic packaging applications, for making ceramic or cermet parts, as supported catalysts, as well as other applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for coating a surface through graft polymerization, characterized in that before graft polymerization, the surface is modified, in the presence of an amine of formula: wherein R1 is hydrogen or a group R4, R2 and R3 are each independently a group R4, and R4 is [-1,2-C2-C3alkylen-T-]n-H wherein T is O or NH and n is a number from 1 to 3, by a compound having a functional group: wherein R5 to R7 are each C1-C4alkyl. The amount of amine is preferably from 5 to 500 g/m2 of surface of the substrate particle. The amount of the trialkoxysilane compound is preferably from 0.1 to 2 g/m2 of surface of the substrate particle. The process for coating a surface is particularly useful for effect pigments.

Abstract: PZT crystals are peripherally coated in manufacture by cutting a series of intersecting first kerfs in a wafer comprising a plurality of PZT crystal precursors, filling the kerfs with a coating resin, and cutting a second, narrower kerf in the locus of the first kerfs to separate the crystals while providing them a peripheral coating of the coating resin.

Abstract: The present invention is for particulate compositions and methods for producing them that can absorb or scatter electromagnetic radiation. The particles are homogeneous in size and are comprised of a nonconducting inner layer that is surrounded by an electrically conducting material. The ratio of the thickness of the nonconducting layer to the thickness of the outer conducting shell is determinative of the wavelength of maximum absorbance or scattering of the particle. Unique solution phase methods for synthesizing the particles involve linking clusters of the conducting atoms, ions, or molecules to the nonconducting inner layer by linear molecules. This step can be followed by growth of the metal onto the clusters to form a coherent conducting shell that encapsulates the core.

Abstract: A conductive powder having an organic silicon polymer layer on the surface of each particle and a metal layer enclosing the silicon polymer layer possesses a stronger bond between the particle base and the metal even at elevated temperature and exhibits a high and stable conductivity and heat resistance.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing multilayer pellets having a core-sheath structure with a molding material forming a sheath which covers the outer circumference of another molding material forming a core, which includes (a) supplying the core material and the sheath material to a die extruder having multiple extrusion-forming parts arranged along a circumference, (b) extruding multiple multilayer strands from the extrusion-forming parts by covering around the outer circumference of the core material concentrically with the sheath material, and (c) cutting the extruded multilayer strands to manufacture multilayer pellets.

Abstract: The invention generally provides a method of coating a material, the method including the following steps: (a) forming a generally elongate coating structure (15), the coating structure having an internal cavity (17) extending at least substantially along its length, and wherein the internal cavity of the coating structure is capable of receiving a core material (21); (b) inserting a core material (21) into the internal cavity (17) of the coating structure (15); (c) compressing the coating structure at a first location (44) along its length so as generally to form a seal at that location; and (d) compressing the coating structure at a second location along its length (45).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to coat an article using a plating process, either electroless or electrolytic, whereby nickel is plated on the article using a solution that includes a suspension of powders or containing one or more of the following elements: Ni, Cr, Al, Zr, Hf, Ti, Ta, Si, Ca, Fe, Y and Ga. Optionally, the coating is then heat treated at a temperature above about 1600° F. for an effective amount of time to allow to homogenize the coating by allowing effective interdiffusion between the species. The level of aluminum may be altered to produce a coating of the predominantly &bgr; phase of the NiAl alloy composition. Optionally, a TBC layer is applied over the predominantly &bgr; phase NiAl alloy composition metallic bond coat.

Abstract: Geldhart class C tungsten carbide particles are provided with a discontinuous coating of grain growth inhibitor. Further, the fine tungsten carbide coatings are preferably provided with a continuous coating of another discreet phase material, such as, for example, a continuous coating of cobalt. Compacts produced using such materials are particularly useful as WC—Co hardmetals wherein the compacts are extremely fine grained.

Abstract: A process for coating a solid surface comprises 1) applying onto a solid surface a primer coating prepared from an amine curing agent, a polysulfide toughening agent, an epoxy resin, a rubber toughening agent, a fire retardant, a glass fiber thixotrope, and a pigment; and 2) applying onto the primer coating a topcoat prepared from an amine curing agent, a polysulfide toughening agent, an epoxy resin, a rubber toughening agent, a fire retardant, a glass fiber thixotrope, a pigment and an abrasive aggregate.

Abstract: Composite particles made of a binder and filler material are provided for use in subterranean formations. The filler is finely divided mineral and optional fiber. The particles are proppants useful to prop open subterranean formation fractures. The particles are also useful for water filtration and artificial turf for sports fields. Methods of making the composite particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Crosslinked fine particles having a Tg of 100° C. or higher and an amount of remaining double bonds of 0.01 mmol/g or more, which are obtainable by polymerizing a compound (a1) having one or two radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated groups in the molecule and a compound (a2) having three or more (meth)acryloyl groups in the molecule.

Abstract: A degassed polyester varnish is applied to the transduction driver to increase surface dielectric strength (insulation resistance), driver voltage breakdown, physical protection, and heat and water resistance. A vacuum chamber application process is used to apply the polyester varnish. The disclosed coating technique is applicable to all transducer drive materials and all transducer types.

Abstract: Colored roofing granules and methods for their preparations, having decorative metallic appearance and enhanced stability against discoloration of color containing a silica-encapsulated metallic flake or colored lamellar effect pigment distributed in an insolubilized alkali silicate coating.

Abstract: The use of surface-coated rutile modification TiO2 pigments having a primary particle grain size d50 of 0.1 to 1.0 &mgr;m as an anticorrosive white pigment, with firstly magnesium phosphate and secondly aluminum oxides and/or aluminum hydroxides being precipitated onto the TiO2 pigments, is described.

Abstract: Coated abrasive particle for use in vitreous bond matrices, which particle is coated with between 1 and about 50 coating layers. Each coating layer ranges in thickness from between about 0.1 and 50 microns. Each layer has the composition, MCxNyBzOw, where, M represents one or more of Ti, Si, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W, Re or a rare earth metal, and w, x, y, and z, each range from between 0 and 3. The outermost coating layer has a concentration of oxygen that is higher by a factor of at least about 2 than the layer in direct contact with the abrasive particle.

Abstract: A method for forming an oriented strand board comprises forming a laminate of mats of wood flakes covered with a resin and pressing the laminate under heat. The laminate comprises a core layer laminated to two surface layers. The flakes are bound together with a resin comprising phenol formaldehyde (PF) or polymeric methylene di-isocyanate (MDI).

Abstract: A process for multi-layer coating of bulk granulated materiel, the process comprising the steps of obtaining a bulk of granulated materiel at a damp state, premixing the granulated materiel with a first coating agent provided at powdered form and then introducing the premixed material into an inlet-end of a spiral winding path within a rotating drum. The dim is rotated at a speed so as to advance the material along the winding path towards an outlet-end thereof, whilst at least a second coating agent is introduced into the drum. Finally, the coated material is dried.

Abstract: Interference pigment flakes and foils are provided which have luminescent and color-shifting properties. The pigment flakes can have a symmetrical coating structure on opposing sides of a core layer, can have an asymmetrical coating structure with all of the layers on one side of the core layer, or can be formed with encapsulating coatings around the core layer. The coating structure of the flakes and foils includes a core layer, a dielectric layer overlying the core layer, and an absorber layer overlying the dielectric layer. A luminescent material is incorporated into the flakes or foils as a separate layer or as at least part of one or more of the other layers. The pigment flakes and foils exhibit a discrete color shift so as to have a first color at a first angle of incident light or viewing and a second color different from the first color at a second angle of incident light or viewing.

Abstract: A light emitting diode and a method for making the same are proposed. The LED comprises an inorganic phosphor, a silicon compound and an organic glue. The silicon compound has one side being completely or partially C1-C6 alkyl oxide reacted with the inorganic phosphor to modify the surface property of the inorganic phosphor and another side being a functional group selected from a group consisting of epoxy, C1-C6 alkyl, phenyl, amino. The inorganic phosphor with modified surface property can be uniformly mixed in the glue and less deposition is produced.

Abstract: Interference pigment flakes and foils are provided which have luminescent and color-shifting properties. A luminescent material coating structure is provided which partially covers or encapsulates a color-shifting pigment flake, or covers the outer surface of a foil. The pigment flakes can have a symmetrical coating structure on opposing sides of a core layer, can have an asymmetrical coating structure with all of the layers on one side of the core layer, or can be formed with encapsulating coatings around the core layer. The coating structure of the flakes and foils includes a core layer, a dielectric layer overlying the core layer, and an absorber layer overlying the dielectric layer. The luminescent pigment flakes and foils exhibit a discrete color shift so as to have a first color at a first angle of incident light or viewing and a second color different from the first color at a second angle of incident light or viewing.

Abstract: Inorganic phosphor particles having a diamond-like carbon coating and the method of making these particles. Inorganic phosphor particles are coated with a diamond-like carbon coating, which can include additive components. The coating is applied in a plasma reactor process.

Abstract: A sheet material for use in a gyricon display in which a rotatable element, which has a portion which is capable of being permanently magnetized may be oriented to experience either an attractive force or a repelling force between itself and another magnetized element. The attractive force between the element and the pad serve to latch the element in place and prevent unwanted display changes from taking place while the repellant force serves to trap the element in place for the same reasons. The element may be constructed to be either cylindrically or spherically shaped. Further, the sheet material may also contain soft magnetic material pads which may be arranged to provide multiple latching states as desired.

Abstract: A machine system and process for producing attrition resistant, controlled release fertilizer is described. In the process, a prewet solution is used to initially coat the plant nutrient to be coated followed by the separate application of the individual components used in the coating. The machine system provides an improved means for uniformly applying a single layer or multiple layers of polymer coatings to the plant nutrient.

Abstract: Reactive silica particles capable of producing coatings exhibiting excellent scratch resistance, weather resistance, adhesiveness, and curability, while satisfying a wide spectrum of performances from transparency to semi-transparency and providing a glossy surface as well as a frosty surface. Reactive silica particles comprises silica particles and an organic compound chemically bonded to the silica particles via a silyloxy group, wherein the organic compound has a polymerizable unsaturated group, a group represented by the following formula (1), (wherein X is a group selected from —NH—, —O—, and —S— and Y is a group selected from oxygen and sulfur, provided that when X is —O—, Y is a sulfur atom), and a group represented by the following formula (2), (wherein Z is a group selected from oxygen and sulfur).

Abstract: Fine silica particles surface-treated with a silane and having primary particles having a particle diameter of from 0.01 to 5 &mgr;m, which fine silica particles fulfill the following conditions (i) and (ii), a process for their production and an organic resin composition containing such particles as a component are provided. (i) When an organic compound which is liquid at room temperature and has a dielectric constant of from 1 to 40 F/m and fine silica particles are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1 and shaked, the fine silica particles disperse uniformly in the organic compound, and (ii) the quantity of primary particles remaining as primary particles when methanol is evaporated under heating by means of an evaporator from a dispersion prepared by dispersing the fine silica particles in methanol and thereafter the particles are held at a temperature of 100° C. for 2 hours, is in a percentage of at least 20% based on the quantity of primary particles originally present.

Abstract: A wheel rim includes a transparent adhesive layer provided on the surface of the wheel rim, a light-reflective particle layer which is substantially free of any superimposed or overlapping particles and which is formed by spreading solely and uniformly dry light-reflective particles on the transparent adhesive layer and contacting directly the particles with the transparent adhesive layer, the particles having dimensions larger than the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer so that some of the dry light-reflective particles which do not contact the transparent adhesive layer can be allowed to fall off the transparent adhesive layer by gravity, and a transparent protective layer provided on the light-reflective particle layer.

Abstract: An addressable display device comprising a light transparent body having a plurality of spheroidal balls supported therein. Each ball has an electrical dipole moment and a magnetic dipole moment. An addressing circuit is provided for applying an electric field and a magnetic field across a selected portion of the body to position a given ball. Preferably a given ball is multichromal and includes longitudinal ranges of different colors. A given color within a longitudinal range may include regions of variable saturation as a function of latitude.

Abstract: The composite nickel fine powder includes surface-oxidized nickel fine particles and at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxides and complex oxides of at least one metal element having an atomic number ranging from 12 to 56 or 82 and belonging to Group 2 to 14 of the Periodic Table on the surface of the surface-oxidized nickel fine particles.

Abstract: A microcapsule (or microencapsulated product) having a uniform and smooth coating film and also an excellent performance of gradually liberating the content material is produced at a good particle size distribution while suppressing the occurrence of isolated or aggregated film material, aggregated microcapsules and isolated core material. The production process includes: a first coating step of mixing a water-soluble cationic amino resin and an anionic surfactant in the presence of a hydrophobic core material dispersed in an aqueous medium to coat the dispersed core material with a coacervate of the cationic amino resin and the anionic surfactant; and a second coating step of adding an amino resin prepolymer into an aqueous dispersion liquid containing the coated dispersed core material and polycondensating the amino resin prepolymer to further coat the coated dispersed core material with a polycondensate of the amino resin prepolymer.

Abstract: A moisture-resistant electroluminescent phosphor is provided wherein the individual phosphor particles have a first coating of an inorganic moisture-resistant coating and a second coating of an organic moisture-resistant coating. The process for making the moisture-resistant phosphor comprises applying a first layer of an inorganic moisture-resistant coating to individual particles of an electroluminescent phosphor to form a first-coated phosphor, substantially isolating said first-coated phosphor from contact with atmospheric oxygen and moisture, and applying a second layer of an organic moisture-resistant coating to the first-coated phosphor to form a second-coated phosphor.

Abstract: A conductive powder having an organic silicon polymer layer on the surface of each particle and a metal layer enclosing the silicon polymer layer possesses a stronger bond between the particle base and the metal even at elevated temperature and exhibits a high and stable conductivity and heat resistance.

Abstract: A method of preparing particles of a lignocellulosic material for the manufacture of a finished product, such as a particle board, includes the steps of chemically modifying the lignocellulosic material by impregnating the lignocellulosic material with a suitable anhydride in a non-aqueous solvent; applying to the particles of lignocellulosic material an adhesion promoter to promote the adherence of a thermoplastic resin to the surfaces of the particles of lignocellulosic material; and applying to the particles a thermoplastic resin in dry powder form, so that after the application of the adhesion promoter, the thermoplastic resin adheres to the surfaces of the particles of lignocellulosic material, the thermoplastic resin having been surfaced modified by irradiation or by fluorination; and removing any solvent present.