Abstract: An electron-emitting device manufacturing method comprising a gas removal step of removing a gas dissolved in a liquid containing a formation material of an electroconductive film in which an electron emitting area is to be formed, a temperature adjusting step of adjusting a temperature of the liquid from which the gas is removed, and a droplet discharge step of discharging droplets of which the temperature is adjusted by droplet discharge means in an ink jet manner, while controlling relative positions of the droplet discharge means and a substrate on which the electroconductive film in which the electron-emitting area is to be formed is formed. The droplets are thereby applied to a predetermined position on the substrate.

Abstract: A method for applying a coating system that is applied to a surface of a component, such as a turbine nozzle, for preventing or at least substantially preventing interdiffusion between the component surface and a protective thermal layer applied to the component surface when the thermal layer is exposed to elevated temperatures. The method includes applying a carrier layer containing aluminum to the component surface. Next, the layer is heated to a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined period of time in the substantial absence of oxygen to bond the aluminum with the component surface, the heat dissolving the carrier portion of the aluminum layer. The remaining portion of the aluminum layer is then heated to a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined period of time to form an oxidized aluminum layer. Finally, at least one protective thermal layer is applied over the oxidized aluminum layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a coating system that is applied to a surface of a component for preventing or at least substantially preventing interdiffusion between the component surface and a protective thermal layer applied to the component surface when the thermal layer is exposed to elevated temperatures. The method includes applying a carrier layer containing aluminum to the component surface. Next, the layer is heated to a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined period of time in the substantial absence of oxygen to bond the aluminum with the component surface, the heat dissolving the carrier portion of the aluminum layer. The remaining portion of the aluminum layer is then heated to a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined period of time to form an oxidized aluminum layer. Finally, at least one protective thermal layer is applied over the oxidized aluminum layer.

Abstract: An aluminiding process that enables the cooling holes of an air-cooled component, such as a hot gas path component of a gas turbine engine, to be machined and then aluminized after all external surface coatings have been deposited. The aluminide coating is deposited using a slurry process capable of forming the aluminide coating on the component without damaging an existing ceramic coating on the component. The process involves applying an activator-free slurry containing aluminum particles that, when the component is sufficiently heated, melt and diffuse into the component surface to form the diffusion aluminide coating.

Abstract: Method for the production of a laminate and bent product produced from such a laminate. The laminate is made up of at least two outer sheets of metal material with a layer of fibre-reinforced resin between them. During production the fibre layer is applied dry and the layer of resin material is applied around the fibre material only at a later stage. This can take place either by injection or by rendering fluid a layer of resin material that is applied adjoining the layer of fibre material in the laminate. In this way it is ensured that complete filling of the adjacent sheets of metal material with fibre-reinforced resin takes place even in bends.

Abstract: A process for forming an electrical conductor on a substrate is provided, consisting essentially of providing an ink comprised of a metallic chelate, printing directly thereon the ink, and decomposing the ink wherein the metal-chelate is converted to a solid metal conductor on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are silver-containing powders and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the silver-containing particles of high quality, of a small size and narrow size distribution. An aerosol is generated from liquid feed and sent to a furnace, where liquid in droplets in the aerosol is vaporized to permit formation of the desired particles, which are then collected in a particle collector. The aerosol generation involves preparation of a high quality aerosol, with a narrow droplet size distribution, with close control over droplet size and with a high droplet loading suitable for commercial applications.

Abstract: A method for preparing particulate materials useful in fabricating thin-film solar cells is disclosed. Particulate materials is prepared by the method include for example materials comprising copper and indium and/or gallium in the form of single-phase, mixed-metal oxide particulates; multi-phase, mixed-metal particulates comprising a metal oxide; and multinary metal particulates.

Abstract: Fiber-reinforced ceramic composites which comprise at least two layers of a multidirectional woven fiber fabric as reinforcement, with at least 5% of the area of each layer of woven fiber fabric being permeated by matrix material, friction disks comprising these composites as core zone or support zone, a process for producing them and their use as brake disks or clutch disks.

Abstract: A process of coating a refractory turbine part with a protective coating which is ultimately diffusion bonded to the part. A slurry coating material is prepared from a mixture of a silicon alkyd paint and suspended particles of an aluminum or aluminum alloy powder. Parts may be dipped in the slurry and subsequently be heat treated in selected atmospheres and temperatures to diffuse the coating into the surface of the part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface coating of platinum in which the coating is formed from platinum in a black modification. This can be obtained by applying an organic platinum complex compound with platinum in the oxidation state 0 that decomposes thermally at temperatures below 200° C., or a coating composition which consists substantially of such a platinum complex compound, to the surface of a substrate and then thermally decomposing the platinum complex compound. The surface coatings can be used in many ways, for example as protective layers against mechanical and/or chemical and/or thermal effects, as antiadhesion layers, as antireflective layers or as catalytically active layers.

Abstract: A surface of an article is protected by coating the surface with a silicon-containing coating by preparing a coating mixture of silicon, a halide activator, and an oxide powder, positioning the surface of the article in gaseous communication with the coating mixture, and heating the surface of the article and the coating mixture to a coating temperature of from about 1150° F. to about 1500° F. The article is preferably a component of a gas turbine engine made of a nickel-base superalloy.

Abstract: An aluminiding process that enables the cooling holes of an air-cooled component, such as a hot gas path component of a gas turbine engine, to be machined and then aluminized after all external surface coatings have been deposited. The aluminide coating is deposited using a slurry process capable of forming the aluminide coating on the component without damaging an existing ceramic coating on the component. The process involves applying an activator-free slurry containing aluminum particles that, when the component is sufficiently heated, melt and diffuse into the component surface to form the diffusion aluminide coating.

Abstract: A method to redistribute solid copper deposited by PVD on a wafer topography. The deposited copper is solubilized in a fluid for redistribution. The copper redistribution prevents inherent nonuniformity of the deposited copper film thickness by improving the uniformity of thickness of the copper film on the covered surfaces, such as vertical and bottom surfaces. The method provides the advantages of good adhesion and good grain growth and orientation that are achieved with copper deposited by PVD, and also provides the good step coverage as achieved with copper deposited by CVD.

Abstract: Method for localized aluminide coating applied for the first time or as repair includes creating a contained space by disposing coating material comprising an aluminum source and a halide activator at least partially over and in an out-of-contact relation with a target surface of a metal substrate. Heating the substrate to a temperature to cause the aluminum source to react with the halide activator and the substrate results in diffusion aluminide coating of the targeted surface. An article comprising a target surface of a metal substrate, said surface bounding a contained space, and a coating tape comprising an aluminum source and a halide activator and disposed in an out-of-contact relation at least partially over the contained space whereby, when the substrate is heated to a temperature to cause the halide activator to react with the aluminum source, a diffusion aluminide coating is formed on the target surface.

Abstract: A method of forming a conductive circuit pattern on a circuit board having a first region, on which a desired conductive circuit pattern is to be formed, and a second region. The method includes the step of applying a coating including a solution with conductive particles to the circuit board. The coating is heated to adhere the conductive particles to the circuit board. The conductive particles are removed in the second region. The second region is shielded and, with the second region shielded, a conductive film is formed on the first region.

Abstract: There are provided a conductive film forming composition capable of forming wiring or an electrode which can be suitably used in a variety of electronic devices, easily and inexpensively, a method for forming a film using the composition, a conductive film formed by the method, and wiring or an electrode which comprises the film.

Abstract: Dispersed powders are disclosed that comprise fine nanoscale powders dispersed on coarser carrier powders. The composition of the dispersed fine powders may be oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, chalcogenides, metals, and alloys. Fine powders discussed are of sizes less than 100 microns, preferably less than 10 micron, more preferably less than 1 micron, and most preferably less than 100 nanometers. Methods for producing such powders in high volume, low-cost, and reproducible quality are also outlined. Such powders are useful in various applications such as catalysts, sensor, electronic, electrical, photonic, thermal, biomedical, piezo, magnetic, catalytic and electrochemical products.

Abstract: As a method of treating a frame of spectacles which enables fine color modulation with ease, good reproducibility, and at low cost, there is provided a method of treating the surface of a frame of spectacles characterized in that a surface treating composition comprising a metal complex is used to form a coating layer on part or the whole of the surface of the frame of spectacles.

Abstract: Composition whereby ceramic manufactured articles are colored in shades from pink to violet, such composition includes of a monovalent gold thiolate water solution or mixture of water with a water soluble organic solvent according to the following formulas Au—S—R—X and Au—S—R—H, where R stands for a linear or branched bivalent radical of aliphatic or aromatic or cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic type optionally with substituents, such as for example aminic, amidic, hydroxylic, carboxylic, hydrocarbylic or carbonylic groups or CONH—, in the chain; X stands for a monovalent group selected out of —COOH, SO2OH, —OH, —CONH2, —NH2; O—P(O)(OH)2, in which H atoms may be replaced by alkyl groups and wherein acid group may be salified with amines or alkaline or alkaline earth metals and basic groups may optionally be salified with organic acids

Abstract: A method of stabilizing particles with an insulating, semiconducting and/or metallic coating and stabilized particles prepared thereby are disclosed. In addition, particles stabilized by an insulating, semiconducting and/or metallic coating, wherein said coating is attached to said particles via a bifunctional ligand are provided, as is a method is provided for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample comprising incubating the sample with a ligand bound to a coated particle, capable of specifically binding to the analyte and capable of providing a detectable signal and detecting the presence of a ligand-coated particle:analyte complex as indicating the presence of the analyte in the sample.

Abstract: An activated substrate surface suitable for electronics and microsystems preparation is prepare by contacting the surface with a surface activation compound, e.g. organometallic based on palladium, platinum, rhodium or iridium. The photo labile ligand has an optical absorption band which overlaps with the wavelength of the UV. A UV lamp is used, in combination with a mask, to selectively irradiate the contacted surface. Irradiation of the surface with light of a suitable wavelength decomposes the organometallic compound to the activating metal. The surface is then ready for electroless plating with the desired conducting material. The mask is patterned to delineate areas where surface activation is not to occur. The organometallic compound absorbs ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range 210-260 nm, or in the wavelength range 290-330 nm, in the solid state if the compound exists as a solid at 25° C. or in the liquid state if the compound exists as a liquid at 25° C.

Abstract: Defective, e.g. worn or substandard, carbon-carbon fibre composite materials such as frictional materials in brakes or clutches may be restored and/or upgraded by impregnation with a molten reactive metal source comprising a carbide-forming metal or a derivative thereof such as an oxide.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition for deposition of a mixed metal or metal compound layer, comprising a solventless mixture of at least two metal-ligand complex precursors, wherein the mixture is liquid at ambient conditions and the ligands are the same and are selected from the group consisting of alkyls, alkoxides, halides, hydrides, amides, imides, azides cyclopentadienyls, carbonyls, and their fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen substituted analogs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for marking metallic alloys using laser alloying. Specifically, the present invention is directed toward the use of laser alloying steel or aluminum alloys with a mark that provides protection against wear and corrosion and greater permanency.

Abstract: An internal passage of an article such as a gas turbine airfoil is coated with an aluminum-containing coating. To accomplish this coating process, a coating slurry of a mixture of a carrier component of water and a hectorite clay or a bentonite clay, together with a solids component of a source of aluminum, a halide activator, and an oxide dispersant, is prepared. The coating slurry is applied to the internal passage of the gas turbine airfoil and dried. The gas turbine airfoil and the applied coating slurry are heated to form an aluminum-containing coating bonded to the internal passage of the gas turbine airfoil. Excess coating material is removed from the article internal passage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a film deposition method, which performs one series of processing from formation of the barrier metal up to and including formation of the metal layer in an environment cut off from air. Specifically, the performing of the barrier metal layer formation in a first device and the metal layer formation in a second device; and the transport of a semiconductor wafer from the first device to the second device is performed through a transport pathway that is cut off from air. As a result, the barrier metal layer that is formed is not affected by, for example, natural oxidation and layer quality is improved.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal-containing layer on a substrate is disclosed. A slurry of the metal is first deposited on the substrate; followed by heating to remove volatile material from the slurry, and to form a layer of the metal. In another embodiment, a slurry of aluminum is deposited over the slurry of the metal, before or after the metal has been heat-treated to some degree. A diffusion heat treatment results in a coating which includes the noble-metal aluminide compound. Related articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for forming a thin metal film of copper, silver, or the like on a surface of a semiconductor or another substrate. A method of forming a thin metal film, comprises preparing a dispersed liquid having a metal-containing organic compound dispersed in a predetermined solvent, coating the dispersed liquid on a surface of a substrate and evaporating the solvent to form a coating layer, and applying an energy beam to the coating layer to decompose away an organic substance contained in the coating layer in an area irradiated with the energy beam and bond metal contained in the coating layer. According to the present invention, it is possible to form a thin metal film of good quality efficiently and stably. The thin metal film used as metal interconnects in highly integrated semiconductor circuits contributes to the progress of a process of fabricating semiconductor devices.

Abstract: Slurry coating compositions are provided for metal substrates, particularly nickel or cobalt-containing alloys, that enable inward-type diffusion aluminide coatings having a substantially uniform coating thickness to be formed thereon. Substantially uniform coating thicknesses are achieved independent of applied slurry composition thickness or application method. The slurry coating composition of the invention comprises a Cr—Al alloy containing about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % Cr in the alloy, LiF in an amount greater than or equal to 0.3 wt % of the Cr—Al alloy, an organic binder, and a solvent.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention a method is provided for forming a superconductor composite. A salt is heated to a melting temperature of the salt. Superconductor particles are added to the salt. A metal composition is added to the salt. The metal composition is decomposed into a metal substance and another substance. The metal substance plates out onto surfaces of the superconductor particles to form metal plated particles. The metal plated superconductor particles are removed from the salt.

Abstract: A composition of matter having a metal powder or powders of specified characteristics in a Reactive Organic Medium (TOM). These compositions can be applied by any convenient printing process to produce patterns of electrical conductors on temperature-sensitive electronic substrates. The patterns can be thermally cured in seconds to form pure metal conductors at a temperature low enough to avoid damaging the substrate.

Abstract: The method is disclosed for coating or impregnating a substrate with a metal oxide. The method includes the steps of applying a liquid metal carboxylate composition, or a solution thereof, to a substrate material, and exposing the substrate material to an environment that will cause vaporization or dissipation of any excess carboxylic acids in the liquid metal carboxylate composition and conversion of the metal carboxylates to metal oxides.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an apparatus and means to lower emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in lean, pre-mixed gas turbine combustors. Specifically, this invention employs a catalyst deposited on the inner surfaces of the combustor in the region of combustion which oxidizes CO combustion products. Also provided is a means for depositing a catalyst within the thermal barrier coating on the combustor liner walls.

Abstract: Primarily dedicated to the production of ultrafine particles with good dispersion stability on a industrial scale, the invention provides ultrafine particles characterized in that each of its constituent particles comprises a shell substantially composed of a metal organic compound and a core substantially composed of the metal derived from the metal organic compound, the ultrafine particles having a mean diameter of 1-100 nm, and a process for producing the ultrafine particles.

Abstract: A ferroelectric element comprising a ferroelectric material containing at least two metals, the ferroelectric element having been produced by a process including a sol-gel process in the presence of a thickener and/or an association preventive from aqueous solutions of respective salts of the metals. The ferroelectric element is advantageous in that the handling of starting compounds and the production of the ferroelectric element are easy, the storage stability of the starting compound solution is good, the cost is low, the ferroelectric element can be formed as a thin layer, particles on the surface of the thin layer are fine and dense, and, hence, the surface smoothness is good. The ferroelectric element is excellent also in piezoelectric properties and therefore can be advantageously used as a piezoelectric element in a piezoelectric ink jet head.

Abstract: A limiting-current-type hydrocarbon sensor comprising a solid electrolyte formed of a barium-cerium-based oxide, capable of detecting hydrocarbon stably and accurately regardless of whether no oxygen is present or a high concentration of oxygen is present. The cathode on the surface of the solid electrolyte is formed of an alloyed layer including Au and Al. In particular, an alloyed layer including an Al—Au intermediate phase is suited for the alloyed layer of the cathode. The alloyed layer comprises a first layer including an Al—Au intermediate phase and making contact with the surface of the solid electrolyte and a second layer including a metal Al phase and covering the first layer. The Al phase of the alloyed layer blocks oxygen, and the Al—Au intermediate phase smoothens hydrogen association and reduces the resistance of the electrode. The hydrocarbon sensor can thus detect hydrocarbon accurately even when oxygen is included in an atmosphere.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for adjusting the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of a temperature-measuring resistive element comprising an electrically insulating base and a platinum film formed on the base. The platinum film is formed by sintering an organic platinum compound. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) is adjusted by controlling either the temperature at which the platinum film is heat-treated after the formation of the platinum film or the thickness of the platinum film.

Abstract: Conductor track structures arranged on a nonconductive support material, especially fine conductor track structures, composed of a heavy-metal base and a metallization layer applied to the base, and a method for producing the conductor track structures. The heavy-metal base contains heavy metal nuclei which are formed by breaking down a nonconductive heavy metal complex by using UV radiation produced by an excimer laser. The heavy metal complex is applied to the entire microporous surface of the support material and covers the surface of the support material in the area of the conductor track structures. Conductor track structures produced according to the invention are comparatively easier to produce than previously known conductor track structures and exhibit very good adhesion.

Abstract: A ferroelectric element comprising a ferroelectric material containing at least two metals, the ferroelectric element having been produced by a process including a sol-gel process in the presence of a thickener and/or an association preventive from aqueous solutions of respective salts of the metals. The ferroelectric element is advantageous in that the handling of starting compounds and the production of the ferroelectric element are easy, the storage stability of the starting compound solution is good, the cost is low, the ferroelectric element can be formed as a thin layer, particles on the surface of the thin layer are fine and dense, and, hence, the surface smoothness is good. The ferroelectric element is excellent also in piezoelectric properties and therefore can be advantageously used as a piezoelectric element in a piezoelectric ink jet head.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an article that emits infrared radiation for a period of about 15 minutes or more, depending on the size and shape, and to a process for preparing the article. The article includes, in a preferred embodiment, a combustible aerogel or other nanocellular substrate with iron metal impregnant formed by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl deposited on and in the substrate in an amount of at least about 5% or at least about 20% of the weight of the substrate, depending on the substrate. The impregnant reacts exothermically on contact with air or an oxygen-containing gas and imparts sufficient energy to the substrate to cause it to burn for about 30 seconds to about 30 minutes depending on size and shape, thereby emitting infrared radiation. The process pertains to deposition of the impregnant on and in the substrate by flowing a carrier gas saturated with the impregnant precursor over and through the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming a nickel metal thin film, comprising the steps of coating a substrate with a solution for forming a nickel metal thin film, the solution being formed of an alcohol solution containing nickel ions and a reducible chelate type ligand having a hydrazone unit so as to form a gel film, and subjecting the resultant gel film to a heat treatment under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: An oxygen sensor element includes a solid electrolyte having cavities on a surface thereof and an electrode formed on the surface of the solid electrolyte. In a method of producing the oxygen sensor element, a solution containing a noble metal compound for nucleus formation is first applied to an electrode forming portion of the solid electrolyte to form a coating film. Then, the coating film is heat-treated to form a nucleus forming portion where noble metal nuclei are deposited. Subsequently, metal plating is applied to the nucleus forming portion to form a plating film deeply entering the cavities. Thereafter, the plating film is burned to form the electrode deeply entering the cavities.

Abstract: A solution containing a metal component comprises composite ultrafine metal particles each having a core substantially made of a metal component and a covering layer made of an organic compound chemically bonded to the core. The core has an average diameter ranging from 1 to 10 nm. The composite ultrafine metal particles are uniformly dispersed in a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition for deposition of a mixed metal or metal compound layer, comprising a solventless mixture of at least two metal-ligand complex precursors, wherein the mixture is liquid at ambient conditions and the ligands are the same and are selected from the group consisting of alkyls, alkoxides, halides, hydrides, amides, imides, azides cyclopentadienyls, carbonyls, and their fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen substituted analogs.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating ceramic materials, including oxide ceramic materials such as zirconia, with a treatment agent comprising a metallic material, such as titanium, by contacting a surface of the ceramic material with the treatment agent and heating the assembly to a temperature at which the ceramic material incorporates a portion of the metallic material by diffusion. The treated ceramic material is uniformly darkened and exhibits improved structural and physical properties.

Abstract: A process for producing, on a metallic substrate, a geometric metal structure having a precise contour, including the steps of: solder coating a solder paste onto the substrate by screen printing to create the geometric metal structure, the solder paste comprising an organic binder system, and 80 to 95 weight % of a mixture of a nickel-based solder and a pulverulent alloy of nickel with at least one member selected from the group consisting of chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese and iron, provided as a higher-melting metallic filler, wherein a weight ratio of solder to filler is 2-6:1, an average grain size of the solder is between 10 and 50 &mgr;m, and a grain size ratio of solder to filler, relative to the average grain size is from 0.5-2.5:1; drying the structure; decomposing the organic binder system present in the solder paste, without leaving a reside, by a heat treatment; and raising the temperature until the resulting solder material liquifies.

Abstract: This invention relates to a spray coating powder material which, when applied to gas turbines using a crude low-quality fuel oil as fuel, has sufficiently higher corrosion resistance to sulfur, vanadium, sodium and other substances that accelerate corrosion in a high-temperature service environment, than conventional materials such as Ni-50 Cr and MCrAlY materials, as well as high-temperature components coated therewith. Specifically, this invention relates to a spray coating powder material comprising, on a weight percentage basis, greater than 45% and up to 60% of chromium, 5 to 15% of aluminum, 0.5 to 10% of zirconium, and the balance comprising cobalt or iron, or both, and incidental impurities, as well as high-temperature components coated therewith. This material can yield a sprayed coating having high corrosion resistance to sulfur, vanadium, sodium and other substances that accelerate corrosion in a high-temperature service environment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating a fiber used in oral hygiene. The method comprises aerosolizing a coating and projecting the aerosolized coating particles onto a target area of the fiber. The method also comprises recycling recaptured coating particles for reuse in fiber coating. An apparatus for coating oral hygiene fibers is also described.

Abstract: The invention provides a nanotechnology process for implant surface treatment for producing an implant article. The nanotechnology process comprises subjecting a non-porous material to a mechanical or chemical surface treatment until a surface roughness with an average peak distance (Ra value) between 10 and 1,000 nm is obtained. The roughened surface can subsequently be subjected to precipitation of calcium phosphate from a solution containing calcium and phosphate ions.