Abstract: Microporous diaphragms adapted for wet-consolidation with composite cathodes for use in electrolytic cells, e.g., chlorine/soda electrolysis cells, comprise a sintered, fluoropolymer microconsolidated asbestos-free microporous fibrous sheet material, such sheet material including from 3% to 35% by weight of fluoropolymer binder, from 0% to 50% by weight of a uniformly distributed gel of an oxohydroxide of at least one metal of Groups IVA, IVB, VB and VIB of the Periodic Table or of the lanthanide or actinide series thereof, and from 20% to 95% by weight of a mixture of poly-tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers and inorganic fibers, such inorganic fibers constituting from 1% to 80% by weight of the mixture and such inorganic fibers including carbon, graphite or titanate fibers, or admixture thereof.

Abstract: A miniaturized sensor component for measuring concentrations of substances in liquids comprises a support that contains cavities accommodating a membrane. The membrane is produced in situ by polymerization or by precipitation from a solution. An electric lead is either mechanically connected to or integrated into the membrane and is in contact with the membrane. The membrane support is a capillarized solid and the membrane is produced in the capillaries by impregnating the support with a liquid that subsequently either polymerizes or evaporates leaving a residue.

Abstract: Methods of forming permselective oxide membranes that are highly selective to permeation of hydrogen by chemical deposition of reactants in the pore of porous tubes, such as Vycor.TM. glass or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 tubes. The porous tubes have pores extending through the tube wall. The process involves forming a stream containing a first reactant of the formula RX.sub.n, wherein R is silicon, titanium, boron or aluminum, X is chlorine, bromine or iodine, and n is a number which is equal to the valence of R; and forming another stream containing water vapor as the second reactant. Both of the reactant streams are passed along either the outside or the inside surface of a porous tube and the streams react in the pores of the porous tube to form a nonporous layer of R-oxide in the pores. The membranes are formed by the hydrolysis of the respective halides. In another embodiment, the first reactant stream contains a first reactant having the formula SiH.sub.n Cl.sub.

Abstract: A method for making a composite fluorinated ion exchange membrane is provided comprising applying a continuous fluorinated ion exchange polymer film to a porous reinforcing substrate, preferably made from a polyolefin such as linear high density polyethylene. The composite membrane is made by applying a solvent to the surface of the film and/or the substrate and then affixing the reinforcing substrate. These reinforced membranes may advantageously be used as separators in fuel cells, and as selective barriers in permeation separation and facilitated transport operations.

Abstract: A nitride or carbonitride layer is formed on the surface of a metal material as follows: A treating agent composed of a refractory powder of alumina or the like and a powder of a metal for forming a nitride or a carbide or an alloy thereof is disposed in a fluidized bed furnace; the treating agent is fluidized to form a fluidized bed by introducing an inert gas; the fluidized bed furnace is heated to a temperature of not higher than 700.degree. C.; an activator of a halogenated ammonium salt is intermittently supplied into the fluidized bed at a rate of 0.001 to 5 wt %/hour based on the total amount of the treating agent; and the metal material to be treated is disposed in the fluidized bed during or after any of the above steps. For example, a nitride layer composed of only a metal for forming a nitride which contains almost no Fe--N is formed on the surface of iron steel even at a temperature as low as not higher than 700.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for manufacturing inorganic membranes which are capable of separating oxygen from air. The membranes comprise a thin layer of a multicomponent metallic oxide which has been deposited onto a porous substrate by organometallic chemical vapor deposition. The inorganic membranes are formed by reacting organometallic complexes corresponding to each of the respective metals making up the multicomponent metallic oxide and an oxidizing agent under conditions sufficient to deposit a thin layer of the multicomponent metallic oxide onto the porous substrate.

Abstract: A modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) separation membrane and a method for its preparation. The membrane has improved water permeability, contamination resistance, and hydrophilic properties. The method comprises contacting a PVC membrane with a treating solution containing a compound having an amino functional group, preferably in the presence of an alkali alcoholate catalyst, and heat-treating the PVC membrane at elevated temperature. The membrane can be dipped in the treating bath at high temperature or dipped in solution at room temperature and heat-treated after removal from the treating bath.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode structure for ozone production which comprises a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid-based ion-exchange membrane as a solid electrolyte and an anode placed on one side of the solid electrolyte and having a lead oxide as an electrode catalyst, wherein a porous, perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid-based ion-exchange resin layer is formed between the electrolyte and the anode. A process for producing the electrode structure for ozone production is also disclosed, which comprises coating one side of a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid-based ion-exchange membrane as a solid electrolyte with a liquid, perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid-based ion-exchange resin or with a suspension of ion-exchange resin powder, heating-treating the liquid or suspension-formed ion-exchange resin coating to form an ion-exchange resin layer, and then positioning an anode so as to keep it in close contact with the ion-exchange resin layer, the anode having a lead oxide as an electrode catalyst.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a ceramic membrane for micro-filtration having a porous ceramic carrier and a ceramic micro-filtration coating on a bulk surface of said carrier, the steps are performed of(i) silanizing said carrier at least at said bulk surface thereof,(ii) after step (i), applying a coating film containing metal oxide to said bulk surface of said carrier by contacting a stable suspension of non-agglomerated metal oxide particles with said bulk surface and moving said suspension along said bulk surface, so that said coating film remains adhering to said bulk surface, and(iii) drying and heating said carrier and said coating film thereon, so as to sinter at least said coating film and thereby form said micro-filtration coating on said carrier.In order to improve the uniformity and evenness of the coating film of the suspension, the stable suspension contains an organic additive which increases the yield stress of the stable suspension to a value greater than zero.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrophobic porous membrane with a polymer having fluorinated alkyl side chains held in physical contact with the surface of a polyolefin porous membrane in which the fluorinated alkyl side chains of the polymer are crystallized, as well as its manufacturing process. Also disclosed is a hydrophobic porous membrane with a fluorinated crosslinked polymer from a fluorinated monomer with a fluorinated alkyl side chain and a crosslinking monomer held in physical contact with the surface of a polyolefin porous membrane, in which the fluorinated alkyl side chains of the fluorinated crosslinked polymer are crystallized, as well as its manufacturing process. These porous membranes use polyolefin porous membranes having a higher mechanical strength and lower costs than the fluorinated polymer porous membranes and still provide superior hydrophobicity over polytetrafluoroethylene type membranes.

Abstract: Membranes composed of sulphonated polyaryl ether sulphones are disclosed in which the repetitive polymer units have the formula ##STR1## in which the aryl radicals are substituted by SO.sub.3 X where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal and the polymer includes from about 0.3 to 0.6 SO.sub.3 X radicals per unit. Processes for producing these membranes are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for detecting any defect in a ceramic body, including the steps of forming an electrically conductive layer in any such defects including fine voids present in the ceramic body, and then detecting presence or absence of the defect by measuring electrical conductivity between two given points shorted by the electrically conductive layer. The electrically conductive layer may be formed by penetrating an electrically conductive liquid into the defect. Alternatively, the electrically conductive layer may be formed by penetrating a penetrable liquid capable of forming the electrically conductive layer by thermal treatment or chemical treatment and thermally or chemically treating same.

Abstract: A highly flexible leather-like sheet material has a base layer of a fibrous aggregate containing a first polymer principally containing a first elastic polymer and, provided on the surface thereof, a coating layer of a second polymer principally comprising a second elastic polymer, said coating layer containing the two layers of a wet-formed porous intermediate coating layer integrated with the base layer and having a thickness of 10 to 40 .mu.m and having continuous pores with a maximum pore diameter of 1 to 30 .mu.m and a dry-formed porous surface coating layer having a thickness of 20 to 80 .mu.m and having continuous pores with a maximum pore diameter of substantially not more than 20 .mu.m and an average pore diameter of, preferably, 1 to 5 .mu.m obtained by extracting off fine particles, the two layers both containing a softening agent.

Abstract: A method to improve bonding of breathable coatings onto fabrics uses a hydrophobic polyurethane resin solution having isocyanates and/or double bond polar group crosslinking agents. The substrates used for coating are nylon and polyester taffeta.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for fabricating an asymmetric fluoropolymer membrane comprised of a fluoropolymer material, the membrane having a first surface comprised of a dense layer of the fluoropolymer material, and an opposite second surface comprised of a porous layer of the fluoropolymer material, comprising the steps of:(a) dissolving a fluoropolymer material in a solvent to form a solution;(b) depositing the solution on a casting surface; and(c) removing the solvent from the solution, thereby precipitating the membrane therefrom.The present invention also provides asymmetric fluoropolymer membranes comprised of a fluoropolymer material, wherein the membrane has a first surface comprised of a dense layer of the fluoropolymer material, and an opposite second surface comprised of a porous layer of the fluoropolymer material, and provides compositions for making the same.

Abstract: A method for making a particulate filled polymeric matrix composite film includes mixing a polymeric matrix material with a dispersion of particulate filler in a carrier liquid to form a casting composition and adjusting the viscosity of the casting composition to retard separation of the particulate filler from the composition. A layer of the viscosity-adjusted casting composition is cast on a substrate and the layer is consolidated to form the particulate filled polymer matrix composite film. Films made by the method include very thin, e.g less than 1.0 mil, fluoropolymeric matrix films highly filled with very small diameter, preferably spherical, particles for use as, e.g. dielectric substrate materials in laminar electrical circuits.

Abstract: A method of making a semipermeable composite membrane comprising a discriminating layer formed insitu by interfacial polymerization is disclosed. The method provides for removal of a water immiscible solvent for a reactant in the interfacial polymerization by physical means not requiring a phase change such as a water knife, air knife, roller, or rubber blade. Composite membranes having good flux, good salt rejection, and low levels of remaining organic solvent are obtained.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an anode for an electrochemical cell, in particular a solar cell, on electrically conductive glass to which a layer of porous metal oxide is applied. The layer includes metal complexes of the porphyrin-phthalocyanine class and other dyestuffs and is then subjected to a heat treatment. A paste of highly dispersed metal oxide, in particular aluminum oxide and/or titanium oxide, is first produced with the addition of a dyestuff and an alcoholic solution, which acts as a binder, in a dry atmosphere. The paste produced in this way is applied as a thin layer to the glass plate coated with a transparent, electrically conductive layer, and the configuration including the glass plate and the pasty metal oxide layer is subjected to a heat treatment at temperatures below 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Fibers coated with thin polymeric films are disclosed and claimed. In a preferred embodiment, microporous fibers are coated with a pre-cast polymeric film having a thickness of about 200 to about 2000 Angstroms.

Abstract: There is described a process for producing a filtration membrane that is also capable of adsorbing proteins. The process comprises the steps of subjecting a porous polymeric substrate to a graft polymerization reaction with a polymerizable monomer under exposure to an ultraviolet radiation or an ionizing radiation and thereafter bringing an amino acid into contact with the resulting graft membrane for immobilization. The amino acid is contained in an amount of 0.01-1 millimole per gram of the porous polymeric substrate. The polymerizable monomer to be grafted onto the porous polymeric substrate contains an epoxy group.

Abstract: A composite reverse osmosis membrane comprising a thin membrane and a microporous supporting membrane supporting it, wherein said thin membrane mainly comprises a crosslinked polyamide comprising; (a) an amine component containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of substantially monomeric amine compounds each having at least two primary and/or secondary amino groups, and (b) an acid halide component containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of substantially monomeric cyclic acid halide compounds each having at least two acid halide groups and comprising at least two rings.

Abstract: A process of producing a composite semipermeable membrane which includes applying a polyfunctional amine solution and a polyfunctional acid halide solution in a hydrocarbon-based solvent having a flash point of not lower than 10.degree. C. on a surface of a microporous substrate to allow interfacial polycondensation reaction so as to form a cross-linked polyamide-based ultra-thin membrane superposed on the microporous substrate, then blowing a gas on the surface of the ultra-thin membrane so as to evaporate the hydrocarbon-based solvent, which gas has a velocity at the surface of 2-20 m/sec., a temperature of 10.degree.-80.degree. C. that is lower than the flash point of the hydrocarbon-based solvent, and an absolute humidity of not less than 1 g of water per 1 kg of dry gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a breathable coated fabric is disclosed. The method involves coating a fabric substrate with a resin then opening pores in the resin by directing a flow of air through the fabric substrate and resin coating. The pores provide breathability of the coated fabric and allow for a vapor or moisture transmission rate about ten times that of a resin coated fabric without pores.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sponge support made of a metal selected from nickel, copper and lead, including (a) impregnating a sponge made of an organic material based on polyurethane, polyester or polyether with a solution of a nitrite or a sulfate of the metal, the concentration of the solution being a function of the desired weight per unit area for the sponge made of metal, the sponge made of an organic material has a porosity in the range of from 96% to 98% and a pore-size in the range of from 200 .mu.m to 400 .mu.m, and (b) heat-treating the impregnated sponge to remove the organic material.

Abstract: A process to synthetize zircon as an ultra thin coating and comprising: (A) mixing an alcoholic sol resulting from hydrolysis of a silicon alkoxide with an alcoholic solution of a chelated zirconium compound and in the presence of and with a doping agent, until a homogenous mixed sol is obtained; (B) forming a matured sol containing colloidal particles and/or the polymeric entities from the mixed sol; (C) forming a coating of the matured sol on a microporous substrate; (D) drying slowly the sol coating into a gel coating free of flaws; and (E) firing the gel coating at a temperature of 900.degree. to 1500.degree. C. to form an ultra thin zircon layer. Use of the zircon layer obtained above as an ultrafiltration membrane or as a protective coating.

Abstract: A decorative sheet is formed of an oil absorbing substrate and an oil permeable decorative layer. The decorative layer is a porous oleophilic membrane formed from fused polymer particles. Fingerprints and other skin oil placed on the exposed surface of the decorative layer are absorbed into the sheet so that they do not appear on that surface and do not interfere with the optical effect of diffraction gratings or holograms thereon.

Abstract: A composite porous membrane is formed from a porous polymeric substrate having its entire surface modified with a cross-linked polymer which results in a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface. The composite membrane retains substantially all of its other original properties. The cross-linked polymer is formed in situ on the polymeric substrate from a reactant system comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one fluoroalkyl group, a cross-linker, and, if needed, a polymerization initiator, dissolved in a nonpolar and or weakly polar solvent system. The membrane substrate saturated with the reactant system is exposed to a suitable energy source to effect polymerization and cross linking of the monomer.

Abstract: A process for producing a porous ceramic, ceramic composite or metal-ceramic composite structure by combustion synthesis wherein a foamed polymer shape is impregnated with a slurry of ceramic precursors and ignited to initiate combustion synthesis, thereby obtaining a ceramic, ceramic composite or metal-ceramic composite article having interconnected porosity. Ceramic composite filters having improved strength, toughness and thermal shock resistance are provided, with the ceramic composite being an oxide and a nonoxide.

Abstract: Semipermeable composite membrane, with a porous carrier substrate, whereby said carrier substrate is provided with a polymer network obtained by polycondensation, especially interfacial polymerization, which is built up of at least one reactive polyfunctional monomer or oligomer or prepolymer or polymer, and at least one acid halide containing polymer.The specialty of this semi-permeable composite membrane consists therein that the acid halide containing polymere itself is built up of one or more vinyl containing monomers.The acid halide containing polymer is generally a copolymer of acryloylchloride H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHCOCl or methacryloyl chloride H.sub.2 C.dbd.C(CH13)COCl with one or more vinyl containing monomers.Usually the vinyl containing monomer is an acrylate or an acrylamide or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A semipermeable membrane suitable for reverse osmosis applications is prepared by interfacially reacting on a support an aromatic polyamine containing at least three and, preferably, four aromatic nuclei with a polyfunctional amine-reactive compound such as an aromatic polyacyl halide.

Abstract: An optical fiber package of this invention applies a friction enhancing material to the smooth surface of a bobbin or mandrel onto which the optical fiber is wound. The friction enhancing material adheres the initial layer of fiber to the smooth surface of the bobbin, thereby eliminating the need for an independent base structure for establishing and maintaining a winding path for the fiber. Furthermore, the friction enhancing material prevents the lateral movement at initial layer of fiber relative to the bobbin. In accordance with the present invention, the friction enhancing material is preferably a plastic material such as room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicones and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) or the like. In addition, the optical fiber package of this invention may combine the use of both a friction enhancing material between the initial fiber layer and the bobbin, as well as an adhesive material coating applied along the length of the optical fiber.

Abstract: Porous membranes incorporating porous anodic films are disclosed. The membranes, which may be used as filters, gaseous diffusion media, dialysis membranes, etc., are produced by porous anodizing aluminum or other porous anodizable metal, creating a weakened stratum in the resulting porous anodic film (e.g. by a voltage reduction procedure during the anodizing step), attaching a support to the porous anodic film and separating the film along the weakened stratum. If the support is perforated the resulting structure is suitable as a separation device. If imperforate, the support can subsequently be perforated, if required, or replaced by a perforate support or supporting structure. The resulting structure has a non-metallic imperforate or perforated supporting layer (made, for example of plastic or ceramic) or other supporting structure, reinforcing a porous anodic film in which the pores completely penetrate the film.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is directed to the manufacture of high-flux, thin-film, composite reverse osmosis membranes by use of cyclohexane or aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane with selected solvent additives. This avoids the use of chlorofluorocarbon-based solvents.

Abstract: A multilayer membrane for separating gas mixtures includes a polymer supporting membrane with a voids volume of more than 50% and a coating of two or more separating layers made of two or more different polymers. A hollow capillary serving as the supporting membrane is guided through the central bore of a spinneret. The spinneret has one or several concentric annular slits and/or annular grooves, through each of which a solution of one of the polymers forming the separating layers is applied to the supporting membrane. The spinneret terminates in a sealed chamber in which the solvent or solvents of the polymer solutions is/are evaporated and removed. The coated supporting membrane is drawn out of the chamber and wound up, possibly following aftertreatment with heat and/or liquids.

Abstract: A method of coating chromatographic particulate supports to provide a biocompatible outer layer of synthetic membrane-type film which prevents the release of fines but permits the adsorption of components to an affinity ligand is described. The matrix is provided with a membrane-type coating, which prevents leaching of fines, with a pore size of at least 20 angstroms. The coating is applied to a solid particulate under conditions where an integral membrane coat will be formed. It may also be necessary to control the size and number of pores of the membranes by treating a suspension of the solid support in a solvent which contains 0.1-1% of the support weight of a biocompatible polymer along with 0.5-5% of the weight of said polymer of a dissolved compatible pore-controlling component. The solvent is then removed from the suspension and the membrane-coated material used in extracorporeal treatment of body fluids or in other chromatographic techniques.

Abstract: A method of protecting, renovating, or restoring a stone structure comprises treating the stone structure with a solution that includes an aliphatic isocyanate and one or more organic solvents inert to the aliphatic isocyanate, the aliphatic isocyanate being cured by exposure to moisture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing gas separation membranes wherein a thin film of an amorphous fluoropolymer is spray-deposited as an aerosol onto a microporous substrate and rendered substantially continuous or defect-free by thermal and/or chemical treatment.

Abstract: A thin-film seimpermeable composite membrane employs the reaction product of N-alkyl phenylenediamine or N,N'-dialkyl phenylenediamine and a poly acyl halide, such as trimesoyl chloride. Preferably the membrane is post-treated with an acid solution followed by an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a buffer and/or base to improve its physical properties.

Abstract: Porous, distensible, gel-like membranes which in tubular form are suitable as implants, e.g., vascular prostheses and a process for the preparation thereof. The membranes are formed by a spraying, phase-inversion technique which employs thermodynamically unstable polymer solutions and is accomplished by separately spraying the unstable solution and a nonsolvent onto a rotating surface. Prostheses from the highly porous tubular membranes have shown a high degree of patency and completeness of the healing process and are useful for direct implantation in the body or for extracorporeal vascular accesses.

Abstract: Asymmetric hollow fibers comprising a fluoropolymer, and a process for making such fibers. The hollow fibers are useful for making fluid separation membranes, especially gas separation membranes. In one embodiment of the process of this invention, a polymer dope having a viscosity of about 3000 poise or greater is prepared by solvating the polymer in a solvent system containing about 40%-90% N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and about 60%-10% propionic acid by weight. The dope is dry-jet wet-spun into hollow fibers using a water-NMP core solvent. The fibers are coagulated in methanol. The fibers are then coated with a highly permeable material.

Abstract: A membrane for extracting hydrogen from gaseous and gaseous-liquid mixtures at low temperature makes use of a palladium or palladium alloy substrate and permits reduction of the surface resistance of the substrate. The membrane includes combined coatings including vacuum-deposited palladium ions driven into the substrate with inert gas ions and an electrochemically applied catalyst coating in the form of palladium or palladium/platinum black. A method for fabricating the membrane and a method for using the membrane to separate ultra-pure hydrogen are also disclosed.

Abstract: A water-vapor permeable, waterproof coated fabric having a fibrous base fabric, and a porous film coated on one side of the base fabric. The porous film comprises a synthetic polymer composed mainly of a polyurethane resin and inorganic fine particles having a mean particle diameter of not more than 0.1 .mu.m. In the porous film, microcells intercommunicate in the thicknesswise direction of the film to form a honeycomb skin core structure having a diameter of 1 to 20 .mu.m. The porous film has a multiplicity of micropores having a diameter of not more than 1 .mu.m. The coated fabric has waterproof and water-vapor permeability characteristics sufficient to meet such performance characteristics required in various applications, such as rainwears, military garments, and sportswears.

Abstract: A coated roller for transportation and stretching of plastic film web during load unitization, and a process for preparation of the coated roller. A cylindrical metallic roller core is pitted by blasting, then primed, heated and immersed in a room-temperature liquid plastisol comprising vinyl particles dissolved in a plasticizer. The plastisol accumulates on the hot metal to a depth determined by immersion time. After removal, curing and cooling the coated core is machined by lathe to expose a cellular infrastructure and achieve a cylindrical coating coaxial with the core. The coated roller exhibits superior durability, resistance to tackifier additive buildup, and resistance to circumferential web slippage during web stretch between two rollers in a film path from a supply roll to a load being wrapped.

Abstract: A liquid coating method for coating a liquid onto inner cells of a honeycomb structure includes the steps of supplying a liquid to the inside of a honeycomb structure vertically arranged from its lower part to cause the liquid to adhere to the inner cells therein, and supplying pressurized air to an upper part of the honeycomb structure to discharge the liquid within the inner cells. A holding apparatus for holding an article includes an outer cylinder in a form of a pipe having an inner wall with an inner diameter which allows an article to be held to pass therethrough easily and which has a sufficient strength, a resilient tube having an inner diameter which prevents the article to be held from passing therethrough under no tension and having ends each sealingly connected to the outer cylinder, thus defining together with the inner wall of the outer cylinder sealed space therebetween, means for discharging a fluid from the sealed space; and means for supplying the fluid to the sealed space.

Abstract: A soft foam article (20) and a method for making the article including a permeable cover (24) of a cloth type sheet construction having an interior (26) and an exterior (28) as well as including an open cell soft polyurethane foam (30) molded in situ within the cover in direct engagement with the cover interior without permeating the cover. The soft foam article (20) includes a soft toy (22) and seating components embodied by a seat cushion (52), a seat back (54), a headrest (56), and an armrest (58). The in situ molding of the soft polyurethane foam is achieved by the use of an aqueous gel coating (34) on the cover interior (26) so as to prevent a liquid foam mixture from permeating the cover while still permitting escape of any air within the cover and of gas generated during the foaming.

Abstract: A composite or asymmetric membrane for separating and concentrating a particular component from a mixture of gases. The asymmetric membrane is of a fluorine-containing aromatic polyimide resin of the 6FDA type. The composite membrane has a thin film of an elastomeric polymer formed on a supporting film of a fluorine-containing aromatic polyimide resin of the 6FDA type.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing an improved reverse osmosis membrane that shows surprisingly improved solute rejection and permeation properties. The membrane includes a separating layer of a polyamideurea formed in situ by reaction of isocyanate-substituted acyl chloride and a diamine-treated microporous substrate.

Abstract: To a first organic liquid which has dissolved therein a flurocarbon polymer, e.g. 5 to 50% w/w e.g. PVDF, is added a second, compatible, non-solvent organic liquid in an amount (e.g. 1-50%) w/w such as to leave the polymer in solution. The mixed solution is applied to a leather or fabric substrate and heated e.g. at 60.degree. C. to 150.degree. C. for 2-15 minutes. Polymer deposits as the first liquid evaporates and pores form therein as the second liquid evaporates from the deposit. The anchored layer produced repels liquid water, but allows passage of water vapor.

Abstract: A method for the uniform coating of honeycomb bodies with finely divided solid matter from a dispersion in an amount which is below that which arises during customary immersion. To this end, the honeycomb is flooded from below with dispersion, emptied after a dwell time and blown out. Filling time, filling amount, dwell time emptying time as well as the time between emptying and blowing out are measured in such a manner that in order to increase the separated amount of solid matter, filling time, dwell time, pumping-out time and the time between emptying and blowing out are increased but the filling amount is reduced.

Abstract: A composite or asymmetric membrane for separating and concentrating a particular component from a mixture of gases. The asymmetric membrane is of a fluorine-containing aromatic polyimide resin of the 6FDA type. The composite membrane has a thin film of an elastomeric polymer formed on a supporting film of a fluorine-containing aromatic polyimide resin of the 6FDA type.