Abstract: A specific oxidation product layer is formed on the surface of a styrene resin container body, and via the oxidation product layer, a coated layer of a copolymer of vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride and a (meth)acrylate is provided. This coated container has not only excellent gas-barrier property but also excellent peel resistance, particularly excellent peel resistance at low temperatures in the wet state.

Abstract: A composite structural material and a method of making it, which material is thermoformable and capable of being rigidified by application of a resin, and which is useful in certain electronics applications because of a metallic layer incorporated within the structure. A layer of a selected metal is needle punched onto a fibrous batt of selected synthetic thermoplastic fibers, which is then thermoformed to a desired shape and rigidified by contacting with, and being embedded in, a suitable resin. Specific applications of the use of this composite include a parabolic dish-shaped antenna, an electromagnetic interference shield for electronic equipment, and a radioactive emission shield.

Abstract: A process of producing a thermoplastic article having resistance to degradation by ultraviolet radiation, which comprises impregnating the surface of the thermoplastic article with a UV-absorbing effective amount of a solution of a multimeric benzotriazole compound at a surface impregnation effective elevated temperature.

Abstract: A shaped body formed of a synthetic organic polymer is surface-treated for increasing the surface energy by a method including the steps of contacting the surface with a UV ray-absorbing organic liquid at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to swell the surface; and irradiating UV rays having wave lengths in the range of 1800-2100 .ANG. on the swollen surface.

Abstract: The surface of a polymer is treated to improve the adherence of paint, ink and glue thereto by contacting its surface with a solution of an ortho-benzoquinone or it substituted derivative together with an organic carboxyic acid or its anhydride or cyanic or thiocyanic acid in an inert organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating a moving web prior to the applying of a photosensitive coating liquid. In order to suppress the entrapment of air between the coating layer and the web, the surface of the web is electrostatically charged so that the coating liquid will be attracted to the web. Wide variations of the potential distribution across the web are avoided by subjecting the web to heat while simultaneously bleeding off part of the surface potential. The heating step increases the mobility of electrostatic charge and accelerates the charge redistribution across the web. The web is subsequently cooled to a temperature between 5.degree. and 25.degree. C. in order to preserve the surface potential of the web until the web is coated.

Abstract: A stainproof woven fabric for use as a wire in paper making, which comprises a woven fabric made of synthetic resin monofilaments as warp and weft, and a cation-exchangeable synthetic resin film which has metallic ions adsorbed therein and is formed on the monofilaments of the woven fabric; and a method for making the stainproof fabric, which comprises providing a woven fabric made of synthetic monofilaments as warp and weft, thermally setting the woven fabric flat, applying an ingredient or ingredients capable of forming a cation-exchangeable synthetic resin to the thermally set woven fabric, curing the thus applied ingredient or ingredients to form a cation-exchangeable synthetic resin film on the woven fabric and then bringing the resin film-formed woven fabric into contact with an aqueous solution containing metallic ions to have the metallic ions adsorbed in the resin film thereby obtaining the stainproof woven fabric.

Abstract: Reinforced synthetic polymer composite is treated by heating at a temperature and for a time sufficient to obtain a moisture content below that for the relative humidity level at which the composite is to be drilled and/or photoresist exposed; and then subjecting it to conditions to increase the moisture content to that for the relative humidity level of the drilling.

Abstract: A process for coating a transparent article of high optical quality, which comprises spraying a polymerizable reaction mixture of reaction components on the transparent article to form a homogenous coating layer of high optical quality, wherein the mixture of reaction components is sprayed by high-speed centrifugal spraying; and polymerizing the resultant coating layer.

Abstract: An electrically conductive fibrous material and a process for preparing the same from a thermally stabilized acrylic fibrous material are provided. The thermally stabilized acrylic fibrous material is first contacted with cuprous ions to produce a cuprous ion-impregnated fibrous material, and subsequently is subjected to a sulfiding agent capable of sulfiding cuprous ions, and preferably washed, to produce thermally stabilized acrylic fibrous material having covellite copper sulfide in association therewith. Also provided are electrically conductive composites and a process for preparing the same by incorporating the fibrous material prepared in accordance with the process within a substantially continuous polymeric matrix.

Abstract: Plastics articles, such as plates, bowls, cups and the like which are for containing foodstuffs and are useable in freezers, and microwave and conventional cooking ovens, are of crystalline polyethylene terephthalate rendering them suitable for such purposes, and the articles are decoratively printed using inks containing thermoplastic resin binders and pigments, and the pigment is keyed firmly to the articles to prevent ready removal therefrom by abrading by heating the applied ink by means of a naked flame quickly to bring the resin binder up to its melting point so that the binder and article become bonded together keying the pigment to the article.

Abstract: A technique is described for increasing the adhesion between metals and organic substrates, where the metals are those which normally only very weakly bond to the substrate. These metals include Ni, Cu, Al, Ag, Au, Ta, Pt, Ir, Rh, Pd, Zn, and Cd. The organic substrates include mylar, polyimides, polyesters, polyethylene, polystyrene, etc. Enhanced adhesion occurs when intermixing between the depositing metal atoms and the substrate is optimized to a depth less than about 1000 angstroms into the substrate. This occurs in a critical substrate temperature range of about (0.6-0.8) T.sub.c, where T.sub.c is the curing temperature of the substrate. The deposition rate of the metal atoms is chosen such that the arrival rate of the metal atoms at the surface of the substrate is comparable to or less than the rate of diffusion of metal atoms into the substrate. This provides optimum intermixing and maximum adhesion.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium, comprising evaporating a magnetic metal material from an evaporation source to form a vapor stream of the magnetic metal material, vapor-depositing the magnetic metal material on a tape-shaped substrate moving along a cooling can such that the incident angle (.theta.) of the vapor stream which is incident upon the substrate changes continuously from a high incident angle (.theta.max) to a low incident angle (.theta.min), and at the same time introducing one or more gases selected from the group consisting of a rare gas, CO.sub.2 gas, N.sub.2 gas, and nitrogen oxide gas, or a mixed gas composed of oxygen gas and one or more gases selected from the group consisting of a rare gas, CO.sub.2 gas, N.sub.2 gas and nitrogen oxide gas from a gas inlet part disposed at a position in the vicinity of the substrate and near the vapor stream at a low incident angle (.theta.min) upon the substrate, thereby providing a ferromagnetic metal film on the substrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing a magnetic recording medium is described, comprising subjecting a surface of a non-magnetic support having a surface roughness of not less than 0.01 .mu.m to a non-contact surface treatment, providing a layer containing a compound polymerizable by radiation exposure on the surface of the support, exposing said layer to radiation, and then providing a magnetic layer on the radiation-exposed layer.

Abstract: A process of coating a surface of an article which is capable of being heated, by contacting the heated surface of the article with a coating composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of an organic film-forming material which is sterically stabilized and which has a critical coalescence temperature which is lower than the temperature to which the surface of the article is heated. Suitable coating compositions are described.

Abstract: Discontinuities, e.g. scratches, in a plastics surface are removed by exposing the surface to a pulsed radio frequency plasma comprising a mixture of argon and hydrogen. After melting has been effected the surface is exposed to an argon plasma to effect cross-linking to form a smooth surface layer.

Abstract: An antistatic or electrically conductive carpet tile and a method of producing such carpet tile, which method comprises forming a plurality of separate columns of electrically conductive material, extending generally perpendicularly between the back surface of the carpet tile and the face of the carpet tile, the electrically conductive columns formed in a nonelectrically conductive thick backing layer, so as to provide an electrically conductive path from the face of the carpet to ground. An antistatic carpet which comprises a fibrous face secured to a primary backing layer, an electrically conductive precoating layer on the backing layer, and a nonelectrically conductive backing layer and a plurality of columns of electrically conductive material, such as electrically conductive polymeric ink, extending from the back surface of the carpet tile to the nonelectrically conductive backing layer and into contact with the electrically conductive precoat layer or face.

Abstract: A process for the surface treatment of a part wherein it comprises subjecting the surface of said part in an inert atmosphere to the action of a hot gaseous arc plasma, and followed by the immediate cooling of the thus treated surface by projecting on to the same a cooling liquid at a temperature close to its saturation point which is a temperature whose variation from the saturation temperature does not exceed 15.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of constructing a weatherproof coating over a roof comprises laying a piece or pieces of cloth over a roof, bonding the pieces of cloth together at any seams, adhering the cloth to the roof surface at least at the edges and projections, then coating the cloth with a liquid elastomeric silicone composition. The composition cures under ambient conditions to yield a water impermeable membrane that has been manufactured in place. A preferred embodiment uses unimpregnated, non-woven thermoplastic cloth having an upper surface thermally treated to remove projecting fibers, the thermally treated surface being subsequently wash coated with a layer of liquid elastomeric silicone emulsion except for any surface of the cloth edges which will be subsequently bonded at any seams, the wash coating being cured before application of the coated cloth to the roof.

Abstract: A method for adhering a coating material to at least one surface of a densified random-fiber composite sheet is provided. The method comprises applying sufficient heat to a surface of the composite sheet to form an activated surface whereby the fiber component of the sheet is projected outward from a plane defined by that surface, and contacting the activated surface with the coating material. The coating material is generally of a viscous or liquid nature such that it can physically interact with the projected fibers to adhere thereto. A method for adhering asphalt to a metal substrate employing a densified random-fiber composite sheet is also provided wherein the metal is coated with an adhesive and then adhered to an activated surface of a composite sheet. Asphalt is then coated onto the exposed surface of the composite sheet which has been activated or is activated by coating with hot asphalt.

Abstract: A bright-finish metal-coated fabric having a metal layer directly deposited on the fabric. A fabric, selected to be capable of flattening or polishing under heat and pressure, is pressed against a heated surface and is then vacuum metalized. In a preferred embodiment, a thermoplastic fabric is flattened against a hot roll in a calender press under high pressure, and aluminum is then vapor-deposited.

Abstract: A process and composition for improving the ultraviolet radiation stability of articles made from resins subject to photo degradation by contacting the article at a selected temperature with a stabilizer composition comprising an ultraviolet radiation absorber and a hindered amine light stabilizer in a nonagressive liquid carrier.

Abstract: Poly(arylene sulfide) substrates are laser treated, i.e., treated with a beam of laser radiation, and then contacted with plating solution. In a specific embodiment, laser treatment imparts a specific pattern on the poly(arylene sulfide) substrate, which is then subjected to an electroless plating solution to give a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Oriented and heat-set polyester film base is coated from nonflammable organic solvents with a polyester terpolymer resin to improve the anchorage of subsequently applied layers (e.g., photographic emulsions).

Abstract: A backing sheet for the weathering-resistant coating of thin, plane backings in continuous presses without recooling comprising(A) a paper impregnated with curable melamine resin in an amount of 40 to 60 weight percent of aminoplast resin, based on the weight of the paper, in the dried state, and(B) a coating of curable acrylic resin on the impregnated paper in an amount of 60 to 150 g/m.sup.

Abstract: A method of forming a coating on a polyolefin substrate comprising the steps of applying a primer coating onto the substrate and then applying a finish coating is disclosed. The method is characterized in that the primer coating consists essentially of a polyurethane prepolymer derived from a polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight from about 400 to about 2,000 and an excess of diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

Abstract: A film laminate comprising a base film and a first sealant web with a coating of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) sandwiched therebetween is disclosed. The first sealant web is selected from the group consisting of (a) film made from a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and (b) a film made from a blend of (i) a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate with (ii) a homopolymer of ethylene, or a copolymer of ethylene and one or more C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefins, said homopolymer or copolymer having a density of from about 0.915 to about 0.955 g/cm.sup.3, or blends of said homopolymer and copolymer. The base film is selected from the group consisting of oriented nylon film, oriented polyester film, oriented polypropylene film and a second sealant web, said second sealant web being selected from the same group as said first sealant web and having a slip coefficient of less than about 0.4.

Abstract: A method is provided by which a silver coating is applied to a polymeric substrate using an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. Also provided is a method for incorporation of silver as silver nitrate into a polymeric composition suitable for molding.

Abstract: The microscopic pores, cavities and crevices of the strings and the interstices of a wound string are filled with dry lubricant particles using a moisture displacing agent and rust inhibitor as a carrier for the dry lubricant. This provides lubrication and inhibits corrosion, thus shortening initial break in periods and extending string life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for growing cell cultures of diploid cells. The process comprises the steps of(a) introducing cell culture medium into a container containing cell support prepared by applying to glass or polysaccharide base support a solution of thermosetting plastic material comprising the reaction product of an aldehyde with a polyvinyl alcohol and then subjecting said support thus-coated to the effect of heat under sufficient conditions to permit hardening of said thermosetting plastic material and the sterilization of the thus-coated support;(b) adding human or animal diploid cells to the culture medium of step (a) to form a cell-containing culture medium; and(c) maintaining the cell-containing culture medium of step (b) under cell growth conditions.

Abstract: A multifilament yarn of an aromatic polyamide, in particular poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide, having a tenacity of at least 15 cN/dtex and an initial modulus of at least 400 cN/dtex is provided with a water-soluble size, the filaments of the yarn having a cohesion corresponding to a Manra number not higher than 40. The yarn is made by subjecting a non-sized yarn having a moisture content which is lower than its equilibrium moisture content, while under a tension of at most 0.25 cN/dtex, to a continuous wetting treatment with an aqueous solution of a size and subsequently winding the treated yarn into a yarn package. The yarn package contains a single continuous length of the sized yarn. The sized yarn is suitable as warp and weft yarn in the weaving industry.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coating a substratum sheet material, such as woven fabrics, by first removing from the substratum material any moisture that does normally exist therein, and then coating the substratum material with a coating composition with no moisture, air or other impurities being trapped between the substratum and the coating. Novel products produced by this process comprise new compositions of sheet materials having improved weathering characteristics including stability against ultraviolet degradation for improved service in highly transparent or translucent coverings for roofs and solar devices.

Abstract: A heat-recoverable polymeric sheet is coated with a solid sheet of heat-activatable sealant by heating the sheet preferably to a temperature above the crystalline melt point of the polymer, applying, preferably by means of a roller, the sealant sheet to the heated polymer sheet while the polymer sheet is at a temperature capable of activating the sealant so as to adhere it to the polymer sheet. The polymer sheet may be flame-brushed after heating and before application of the sheet of sealant. The technique is particularly useful for sheets intended as wrap-around sleeves for use as enclosures, and which thus have closure rails adjacent opposing longitudinal edges thereof.

Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate moulding compositions which contain delaminated kaolin may be processed into highly-reflecting objects.

Abstract: A method for selectively plating metal, such as copper, onto poly(phenylene sulfide) substrates is disclosed. In this method, a crystalline region and an amorphous region are created in a substrate. One method for creating these regions is to selectively crystallize a region in an amorphous poly(phenylene sulfide) substrate by heating it above its glass transition temperature. The surface of the substrate is then activated with an electroless plating catalyst such as palladium metal. After activation, a nitrosyl salt is introduced into the amorphous region of the substrate. The substrate is then immersed in an electroless plating solution containing the metal ions whereby metal selectively plates onto the crystalline region of the substrate.

Abstract: A continuous method for making free-flowing, melt-coated elastomeric pellets is disclosed in which pellets are coated with particles of coating material in a zone of interference created in a pneumatic conveying system.

Abstract: Hydrophobic fibers are prepared by treating fibers with a composition containing an organopolysiloxane having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms as essentially its only reactive group, and a platinum catalyst which is inhibited by a compound which is volatile under the conditions at which the organopolysiloxane containing Si-bonded hydrogen atoms is deposited on the fiber.

Abstract: A surface of the thermoplastic polyester film which has stickiness after having been heated is treated with a monocarboxylic acid so as to convert hydroxyl groups on the film surface into corresponding ester groups by reaction with the acid. Further, the film surface is treated with a monohydric alcohol so as to convert carboxyl groups on the film surface into corresponding ester groups by reaction with the alcohol. Thus, the stickiness on the film surface is eliminated.

Abstract: A method of preparing nitrile elastomer surfaces for bonding by epoxy adhves is presented. A treating solution comprising a dilute concentration of a mineral acid such as HCl in a carrier comprising water and either alcohol or ketones is prepared. The treating solution is applied to the elastomer surface with the surface being hydrolyzed in a mild manner thereby providing an improved adherable surface for covalent bonding by epoxy adhesives. A surfactant can be added to the treating solution for cleaning the surface to enhance the surface treatment.

Abstract: A lubricating composition to improve the sliding properties of organic fibers comprising an organosilicon compound having at least one OSiR.sub.2 unit and a compound selected from the group consisting ofO.dbd.P[(OCHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.1).sub.n OR.sup.2 ].sub.3, NR.sub.4.sup.2+ x.sup.-and mixtures thereof, where R is a hydrocarbon radical or a substituted hydrocarbon radical, R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or the methyl group, with the proviso that in each --OCHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.1 unit at least one R.sup.1 must be hydrogen, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, with the proviso that in each compound of the formula NR.sub.4.sup.2+ x.sup.- at least two of the R.sup.2 radicals must represent hydrocarbon radicals, n is either O or an integer having a value of from 1 to 15, with the proviso that when R.sup.2 is hydrogen in each of the phosphorus compounds, n must be at least 1 and that at least one --OCHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.

Abstract: Heat-sealable films are described which are constituted by a polyolefin film, particularly polypropylene, having on one surface thereof a layer of primer, applied in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution, and chosen from: polyethylenimines, products of the condensation of urea or melamine with formaldehyde, particularly the etherified compounds; alkoxyalkyl melamine polyhydroxylates; or mixtures of the said compounds; and, on the other surface thereof, a layer of the said primer or one similar to the first, followed by a layer of vinyl, vinylidene or acrylic polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions containing liquid-crystalline phases which comprises a cyclic organopolysiloxane having mesogenic molecules chemically bonded thereto.

Abstract: A method of electrolessly plating a substrate having a rubber-modified epoxy surface includes the steps of preheating the substrate and while still warm, sputter etching at least 50A. from its surface. The substrate is then vacuum metalized with an adhesion promoting metal film, coated with a catalytic layer and a metal is electrolessly deposited thereover.

Abstract: A method of producing sheet material comprises heating a web 10 of closely woven fabric to a temperature of at least 50.degree. C., and preferably to about 150.degree. C., and then impregnating the hot fabric with polyvinylchloride (PVC) paste containing a bonding agent, thereby to provide a material in which the fabric is coated with PVC on each side thereof. Impregnation takes place in a bath 14 with pinch rollers 16 through which the web passes. The pinch rollers 16 squeeze surplus PVC from the web and enhance impregnation. Thereafter the coating can be built up to the desired thickness by dip-coating (in a bath 18) or by a lamination process, whereafter the coated web is cooled in cooling rollers 34 and wound up by a wind-up device 36.

Abstract: A liquid penetrable material such as a compactible gasket material is coated with a liquid dispersion of polymer or polymers, by first preheating the liquid penetrable material to a temperature sufficient to prevent any substantial penetration of liquid into the material when the material at the preheated temperature is coated with the liquid dispersion of polymer or polymers. The preheated material is then coated with the liquid dispersion of polymer or polymers in an amount sufficient to form a fluid-impermeable barrier over the material and the coated material is supported on a plurality of support members through a drying section until the coating is in a tack-free condition. After drying the material to a tack-free condition, it is supported on a conveyor through a curing station to cure the coating. Thereafter the material is delivered by suitable conveyors to an inspection and packaging station, but may be passed en route through another coating station, this time to receive a suitable release coating.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for retarding electrochemical tree-type decomposition of polyolefin electrical insulation by saturating the insulation with a liquid having high resistivity and a low dielectric constant. The insulation of cables which have already been in service is dried prior to being saturated with the liquid. One embodiment of the invention provides a continuing supply of liquid to the cable after it has been buried underground.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting solder sticking between circuit elements of a partially uncured rubber-modified epoxy printed circuit board comprises exposing the board containing the circuit pattern thereon to UV radiation prior to the application of solder thereto.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for impregnating a fabric reinforcement structure with a liquid impregnant especially suited for impregnants which set rapidly under normal conditions. The reinforcement structure is continuously advanced through a column of liquid impregnant to which impregnant is continuously supplied so as to cause the impregnant to move in a direction opposite to that in which the reinforcement structure is advanced.

Abstract: A process for rendering cellulosic material water repellent that requires no subsequent neutralization step while retaining the desired water repellent and strength characteristics thus provided by selecting a cellulosic material having a water content of up to about 10%, preferably below about 2% and contacting the material with vapors of a lower alkyl silicon halide during which contacting the concentration and temperature of the halide vapor, the pressure within the treating chamber and the contact time are all maintained so as to provide a water repellent cellulosic material having a pH greater than 2.5. In one aspect of the invention, the cellulosic material subjecting to contacting is substantially frozen and in another aspect contacting is conducted under vacuum.

Abstract: Solid woven conveyor belting is produced by a process which includes the steps of subjecting the fabric carcass to a plurality of alternating changes of direction while immersed in a bath of impregnant material, and then heating the carcass to gel the impregnant. Each of the alternating changes of direction are effected by causing the carcass to follow a generally curved path whose radius of curvature is appreciably less than 75 mm. Prior to immersion, a synthetic polymeric yarn-containing carcass is subjected to a shrinking treatment effective to close the interstices of said carcass to some extent to reduce the impregnant material expelled upon subsequent heating to gel the impregnant.