Abstract: A continuous hot dip aluminum coating method used in a continuous hot dip aluminum coating line for hot dip aluminum coating on steel in Sendzimir method or nonoxidizing furnace method, said method comprising the covering the surface of the coating bath in the snout of said hot dip coating line by use of an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous coating process by a layer of Zn, Al or of a Zn-Al alloy for a cold laminated steel band comprising a heating thermic cycle, followed by a rapid cooling, a tempered coating in the metal bath of coating in fusion, at a temperature from 460.degree. to 500.degree. C., and a subsequent cooling, characterized in that after the tempered coating, the coated steel band is subjected to an over-aging treatment by maintaining the band at a temperature comprised between 430.degree. and 270.degree. C. during at least two minutes.This process is carried out in an installation comprising an over-aging chamber.

Abstract: An improved method of and apparatus for hot dip metal coating of steel strip in which the strip is heated and cleaned in a furnace then passed through a protective hood containing a reducing gas and into the molten coating metal bath. Coating metal oxides evolved in the hood are removed by flowing a nonoxidizing gas across the surface of the coating metal in the hood and withdrawing the gas and entrained oxides from a location in the vicinity of the coating metal surface. The oxides are removed from the withdrawn gas, and the gas returned to be again flowed across the coating metal surface.

Abstract: Aluminium is coated on steel strip. The steel strip is heated in hydrogen to reduce surface oxides to iron, and is then sprayed at 400.degree. C. with nitrogen-atomized molten aluminium to a depth of 150 microns. Still in nitrogen/hydrogen, at 350.degree. C., the coated strip is rolled. Under these conditions, the aluminium is subjected to very high compressive stress (compared with its yield stress) while the steel does not even reach its yield stress.

Abstract: Low alloy steel tubing is decarburized, chromized and then aluminized with or without masking at the sites at which the tubing is to be welded in place, to greatly increase resistance of the tubing to high temperature oxidation and sulfidation. Low surface aluminum content after aluminizing makes it easier to weld at that surface.

Abstract: A method of fabricating composite metal wires such as aluminium clad steel wires is disclosed which comprises providing a core of hard metal with a cladding of soft metal by extrusion. In fabricating a composite metal wire by extrusion, a core is generally aligned, polished, cleaned or otherwise pretreated before entering an extruder so that a high and variable tension is imparted to the core. By avoiding such tension variation and maintaining the core under a constant low tension and by electrically heating the core before the core enters the extruder, a composite metal wire of improved quality is fabricated in a stable manner.

Abstract: A method for the deposition of aluminum on a solid body of pyrolysis of tri-isobutyl aluminum vapor diluted with an inert carrier gas.

Abstract: In a case where filament-like articles (e.g. wires) are dip-coated by upwardly passing the article into a bath of molten metal through the bottom and top vertical openings of a spout containing the molten metal, the article to be coated is wrapped, before it enters the bottom inlet opening in the spout, with a blanket of protective gas at a pressure sufficient to cause the gas to penetrate into the spout simultaneously with the article, to progressively and regularly circulate around the molten metal and to steadily emerge from the upper opening of the spout still effectively shielding the freshly coated article.

Abstract: The invention relates to the depositing of aluminum alloys useful as material for the manufacture of sleeve bearings. Aluminum and lead in the proper ratio are melted in a furnace, transferred to a holding furnace wherein the temperature of the melt is maintained within the molten range, and the melt is directed to an atomizing or nebulizing chamber. According to the invention, the molten material flowing into the atomization chamber is subjected to an atomizing gas flow having a specified angle of incidence to atomize the molten flow of alloy into small particles which are directly deposited on a continuous pure aluminum strip which moves under the atomization chamber at a preset rate, the aluminum strip with the alloy layer is submitted to a rolling operation and thereafter the strip is rolled together with a steel strip, to provide a cladding of the alloy-aluminum onto the steel of the backing and supporting strip.

Abstract: A finishing method and apparatus for conventional continuous hot-dip coating of the type wherein a ferrous base metal strip is caused to pass beneath the surface of a coating bath of molten coating metal and is thereafter subjected to jet finishing, the ferrous base metal strip having been appropriately pretreated so as to be at the proper coating temperature and so as to have its surfaces oxide-free when passing through the bath of molten coating metal. The method comprises the steps of providing an enclosure for the two-side coated strip as it exits the coating bath, locating a finishing jet nozzle to either side of the coated strip within the enclosure, jet finishing the coated strip with a non-oxidizing or inert gas. The apparatus comprises the above mentioned enclosure with the jet finishing nozzles located therein and an appropriate system to provide a non-oxidizing or inert atmosphere within the enclosure.

Abstract: Steel strip is dipped in a molten metal bath (e.g. Al-Zn) maintained at above 500.degree. C., cooled to solidify the metal coating, and then cooled to below 475.degree. C. by an intense and rapid cooling operation which does not impair the flatness of the strip, e.g. immersion in a hot aqueous bath or spraying a mist. Before hot-dipping, the steel strip is preferably recrystallisation annealed and cooled to a temperature not lower than that of the molten metal bath.

Abstract: A plating chamber holds a reducing or inert atmosphere heated to a temperature suited for plating or galvanizing. A pair of power-driven coating rolls are horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, one roll contacting the top surface of a metal strip to be plated and the other contacting the bottom surface. A molten coating metal is continuously supplied so as to form a uniform film of the metal on the peripheral surface of each coating roll. By means of deflector rolls horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, a metal strip heated to a temperature suited for plating continuously travels through the chamber. A surface of the strip becomes plated on contacting the peripheral surface of the coating roll on which the film of the molten coating metal has been formed. The coating rolls can be drawn away from the surface of the strip by shifting the deflector or coating rolls, so that plating can be applied to one, both or neither side of the strip as desired.

Abstract: A process of hot-dip coating a strip of cold rolled low carbon steel having as an essential alloying element at least one strong oxide forming metal, such as titanium, aluminum, silicon or chromium or a combination thereof, to overcome the difficulty of uniformly hot-dip coating such steels with aluminum and other protective metals on a Sendzimir-type hot-dip coating line wherein the steel strip is thoroughly cleaned by washing in an alkaline cleaning solution, brushing and drying to remove metallic particles and non-metallic contaminants, forming a dry film coating on a clean dry surface of the strip of a higher fatty acid amide having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, heating said strip to a temperature sufficient to completely volatilize said amide film coating, passing said strip through a heating zone containing a reducing atmosphere in which the strip is heated to a temperature of at least about 704.degree. C. (1300.degree. F.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing a composite metal wire including a core metal wire having extruded therearound a coating metal layer which is different in material from the core metal wire, includes feeding the coating metal into a narrow passageway which is defined between a circumferential groove formed on the outer edge of a rotary wheel and a close fitting surface of a fixed shoe block, carrying the coating metal towards an outlet end of the passageway by frictional drag with the surface of the passageway in accordance with the rotation of the wheel, and passing a core metal wire harder in material than the coating metal through a covering chamber of a larger cross sectional area which is provided with a die and a nipple at the front and rear portions, respectively, whereby the core metal wire is covered with the coating metal in the covering chamber so that a predetermined construction of a composite metal wire is extruded through the die.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is the preparation of thin films of tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium or osmium on a high-temperature resistant substrate by thermal evaporation in a high vacuum, wherein the oxides of these high-temperature-resistant metals are evaporated simultaneously with a reduction metal in a manner such that the oxide molecules and the metal atoms or molecules impinge together on the surface of the substrate heated to a predetermined temperature and react with each other there chemically, so that the high-temperature-resistant metal oxides are reduced and the reduction metals are oxidized. In this process, the high-temperature-resistant metal is deposited on the surface of the substrate, and the oxides of the reduction metals evaporate, either completely or partially, and are pumped off.

Abstract: This invention is for providing a bearing lining on a backing, for example of aluminum, and uses polyphenylene sulphide which has good bearing properties, in combination with a base comprising a component of a metal from Group I or Group II of the Periodic Table, to effect a good bond between the lining and the backing.

Abstract: The work-pieces are mechanically cleaned, degreased and washed, and then etched in an aqueous solution containing 0.5-1.0% by weight of citric acid, and 16-24% by weight of hydrochloric acid, having a temperature of 15.degree.-30.degree. C., preferably of 20.degree.-25.degree. C., for the time of 1-20 minutes, preferably 2-5 minutes, whereafter the work-pieces are neutralized in an aqueous ammonia solution having a concentration not exceeding 1% by weight, at a temperature of 15.degree.-25.degree. C., in a time not shorter than 1 minute. After being washed in water at a temperature not exceeding 35.degree. C. in a time not shorter than 1 minute, they are dipped in an agitated aqueous solution of the flux, containing 1.8-2.5% by weight of potassium fluoride, 0.8-1.5% by weight of sodium fluoride, and 1.5-3.0% by weight of potassium fluorozirconate, having a temperature of 40.degree.-80.degree. C.

Abstract: A method, and an apparatus for practicing the method, for producing heavy pure aluminum coatings on small diameter steel tubing are disclosed. The coating has an average thickness of 0.004 inch to 0.008 inch (100-200 .mu.m), to provide outstanding resistance to corrosion, and to maintain integrity in the face of abrasive action, and with coating ductility and adherence sufficient to permit double flaring. The method and apparatus are highly useful in the manufacture of Bundyweld tubing for automotive brake lines, and single wall tubing for refrigeration or air conditioner heat exchangers. Various surface preparations are disclosed; and after surface preparation the tube is uniformly heated to a carefully regulated peak temperature in a non-oxidizing high intensity direct fired furnace, followed by passing the tube vertically upward through a shallow pool of molten aluminum, whereby to cast on a thick coating, followed by "free exit" finishing, air quenching, and, if desired, redrawing.

Abstract: Method and means for continuously contact-coating one side only of a ferrous base metal strip with a molten coating metal. One or more roll means are provided to conduct the strip surface to be coated above the surface of a bath of the molten coating metal. The strip surface to be coated is caused to travel sufficiently close to the molten coating metal bath surface that the surface tension and wetting characteristics of the coating metal will permit the formation of a meniscus which will continuously contact and coat the strip surface. The coating is subjected to jet finishing. The strip is maintained in a protective non-oxidizing atmosphere at least until the one side thereof is coated. Alternatively, at least that side of the strip to be coated with the molten coating metal is coated with a flux which remains on the strip until contacted by the coating metal meniscus.

Abstract: A drawing quality hot-dip coated low carbon aluminum killed steel strip produced by conventional steel strip forming and continuous hot-dip coating procedures wherein the hot rolled coiling temperature is maintained within a temperature range of 1250.degree. F. - 1300.degree. F. and the cold rolled steel strip is continuously heat treated on a Sendzimir-type continuous hot-dip coating line at a temperature of between 1850.degree. F. and 1950.degree. F. before cooling the strip to about the temperature of the hot-dip coating bath and immersing the strip in a hot-dip galvanizing or aluminum coating bath followed by conventional annealing. The microstructure of the drawing quality hot-dip coated steel strip is characterized by spaced islands formed of fine pearlite and fine ferrite having a grain size of about ASTM 9-10 surrounded by areas of large ferrite grains having the grain size of about ASTM 7.5-8.

Abstract: A method of surface treatment of aluminum-killed and low alloy steel strip and sheet for fluxless hot dip metallic coating which comprises heating the steel in a furnace atmosphere containing the hot gaseous combustion products of air with a sulfur bearing gaseous fuel including 5 to 1600 grains of sulfur per 100 cubic feet of fuel wherein the atmosphere includes sulfur compounds and from about 6% free oxygen to about 7% by volume excess combustibles whereby to form a sulfur and oxygen rich film on the steel surfaces, passing the steel into a further heating section wherein it is brought to a maximum temperature of about 593.degree. to about 927.degree. C. in a reducing atmosphere containing at least 10% hydrogen by volume, passing the steel into a cooling section having an atmosphere containing at least 10% hydrogen and the balance nitrogen whereby to reduce the sulfur and oxygen rich film to a metallic iron surface, and cooling the steel approximately to the temperature of the molten coating metal bath.

Abstract: Anti-plating agents which form, after heated, compounds having a composition of(0.5-9.0)M.sub.2 O.SiO.sub. 2.(0.1- 7.2)B.sub.2 O.sub.3.(1.0- 34.5)MgOwherein M represents an alkali metal, are disclosed. An anti-plating film formed on the surface of a steel sheet by the use of the agent is excellent in the property for preventing the sheet from being plated and in the peeling property from the sheet, and the agents are suitable for production of one-side hot-dip plated steel sheets.

Abstract: A method of preparing the surfaces of steel strip and sheet stock for fluxless hot dip metallic coating, comprising the steps of passing the stock through a first heating section under conditions which form a visible iron oxide layer on the stock surfaces within the color range of dark straw through blue, continuing the heating of the stock in a second heating section isolated from the first heating section in an atmosphere containing less than 5% hydrogen by volume, thereby preserving the oxide layer, and cooling the stock approximately to the temperature of the molten coating metal in a cooling zone containing a reducing atmosphere comprising at least 10% hydrogen by volume, whereby to reduce the oxide layer completely to a metallic iron surface wettable by the coating metal. The radiant energy absorptivity of the steel stock is increased by the formation and preservation of the iron oxide layer in the first and second heating sections.

Abstract: A method of producing a support for a printing plate comprising treating an aluminum plate, which has been oxidized by anodizing and then etched, with hot water or with water vapor.

Abstract: The heat treatment of a continuous band or sheet of metal as the same travels through a plurality of stages in a protective atmosphere, between conveying rollers, by applying direct-current electricity to the rollers for inclusion of the travelling sheet in the circuit therebetween. The charged rollers in the initial stage are spaced more widely from one another than those in the later stage, to compensate for the lower resistivity of the metal in the former, so that the Joule effect of I.sup.2 R factor in the stages are substantially equalized. The protective atmosphere of oxidizing, reducing or inert gases which encompasses the sheet, is confined in chambers of galvanized iron sheeting and the like, the walls of which are in close proximity to the travelling sheet, so that lesser amounts of reacting gases are necessary.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of hot-dip coating a ferrous strand. The strand is passed through a furnace in which the strand is heated, passed through a second furnace in which the strand is subjected to a reducing atmosphere and then passed through a protective hood and into the molten bath of aluminum-zinc alloy. A preheated reducing gas is introduced into the protective hood so as to sweep across and cover the surface of the molten bath within such hood prior to passing upwardly through it and the second furnace countercurrent to the movement of the strand. The preheated reducing gas has a temperature of at least 750.degree. F, a dew point no greater then 0.degree. F and is composed of at least 20% by volume of hydrogen, balance essentially nitrogen.

Abstract: Complete coating or localized repair and replacement of a diffusion aluminide coating applied to the surface of an article is attained through use of a powdered Fe-Al alloy as a source of aluminum. In another aspect, more accurate control of a coating method, such as for aluminide diffusion coating, is achieved when a source powder is provided in a layer, such as a tape, preferably by combining the powder with a binder which decomposes substantially without residue upon heating.

Abstract: A metal coating is deposited on a metal substrate by means of a method which consists in sand-blasting the metal substrate, in heating the substrate to a temperature between 100.degree. and 650.degree. C, then in spraying a powder of nickel or cobalt alloy having a high value of hardness and containing reducing agents as well as agents for reducing the melting point, the spraying operation being performed at a distance of 50 to 200 mm from the nozzle of a spray-gun and at a velocity within the range of 100 to 250 meters per second.

Abstract: A metallization system for metallurgically bonding a semiconductor die to metallic conducting slugs as terminals at the same time, and at the same temperature, that a surrounding glass sleeve is hermetically sealed to the conducting slugs for forming a zener diode, for example, is disclosed. The metallization system comprises a combination of aluminum, tin and palladium, for bonding to molybdenum, the aluminum being vapor deposited followed by a vapor co-deposition of aluminum and tin and further followed by a vapor deposited layer of palladium.

Abstract: The crazing resistance of hot-dip aluminum coatings is enhanced by heat-treating the coated strip at a temperature of about 500.degree. - 1000.degree.F for a period of at least 10 minutes. At the lower end of the temperature range, a period substantially in excess of 5 hours is required. This heat treatment may be effected by retarding the cooling of the coated strip after its emergence from the molten aluminum bath, or the strip may first be cooled as in conventional practice and then reheated to the requisite temperature range.

Abstract: Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is plated on a metallic substrate from a bath of molten aluminum or aluminum alloy containing 0.005 to 1.0% (preferably 0.01 to 0.5%) strontium and/or 0.01 to 5.0% antimony. The metal substrate is preferably iron, steel, or a noniron metal such as copper, titanium, nickel, cobalt, chromium, tantalum, tungsten, vanadium or zirconium. The bath may also contain 1.0 to 15.0% by weight silicon and 0.005 to 1.0% beryllium.

Abstract: A method of preparing carbon steel strip and sheet for hot dip metallic coating in a Selas-type direct-fired furnace, wherein the atmosphere in the furnace is controlled to contain from about 3% oxygen to about 2% excess combustibles by volume, thereby forming a thin iron oxide film on the carbon steel surfaces. The strip and sheet is then heated in a subsequent furnace containing at least 5% hydrogen by volume at a temperature sufficient to reduce the oxide film, viz., at least about 675.degree.C. The direct-fired furnace is preferably operated at stoichiometrically equivalent fuel:air ratios.

Abstract: A method of preparing carbon steel strip and sheet for hot dip metallic coating in a Selas-type direct-fired furnace, wherein the atmosphere in the furnace is controlled to contain from about 3% oxygen to about 2% excess combustibles by volume, thereby forming a thin iron oxide film on the carbon steel surfaces. The strip and sheet is then heated in a subsequent furnace containing at least 5% hydrogen by volume at a temperature sufficient to reduce the oxide film, viz., at least about 675.degree. C. The direct-fired furnace is preferably operated at stoichiometrically equivalent fuel:air ratios.