Abstract: High-temperature method for the treatment of lumber, the method comprising the steps of providing stacks (10) of lumber, restraining those stacks, subjecting the stacks to a first conditioning phase, drying the stacks in an air stream at a temperature of not less than 120° C., cooling the stacks and subsequently subjecting the stacks to a second conditioning phase, and further cooling the dried stacks in ambient temperature air stream.

Abstract: Wood preservatives, methods for protecting wood and wood-based products and/or structures utilizing the preservatives, and treated wood and wood-based articles and/or structures incorporating the preservatives are described. Methods are also provided for remediating structures already infected with mold. The subject wood preservative formulation includes a borate compound and a fatty acid. The addition of an emulsifier to the formulation further facilitates application of the treatment. The combination of a borate compound and fatty acid combination typically provide a synergistic effect compared to the additive result provided by the combination's individual components.

Abstract: A device for galvanic coating of a piston has a pot-shaped interior for accommodating the piston and an electrolyte fluid, a holder device for fixing the piston in place, a cover that is structured like a shutter and leaves only the surfaces of the piston that are to be coated uncovered, a first electrical contact that is connected with an anode and with the plus pole of a direct voltage source, and a second electrical contact that connects the piston with the minus pole of a direct voltage source. The piston can be simply and quickly attached to the holder device, since the holder device is in plate shape, and has an oblong centering device, the length of which corresponds to the radial inside diameter of the piston to be coated so that the piston can be pushed onto the centering device by way of its underside.

Abstract: A material and method for treating timber. The material comprises a preservative and a carrier. The carrier is selected such that it remains mobile within the wood and provides for migration of the preservative within the treated wood. By providing a carrier which is mobile within the wood, the timber has a ‘self healing’ effect wherein the carrier/preservative migrates to any freshly cut or exposed surface of the wood to thereby redistribute and treat such a surface within the preservative and hence maintain integrity of a treatment envelope surrounding the wood.

Abstract: Water-based wax emulsions, optionally for use in conjunction with alkaline copper and/or quaternary ammonium based preservatives systems, are described. These emulsions are comprised of natural or synthetic wax, nonionic surfactants having HL B values greater than 11, anionic surfactants, and water. Certain emulsion compositions as described in this specification posses the unique property of maintaining emulsion stability in wood preservatives during extended use in typical wood treatment processes. Water-repellant wood treated with the wax emulsions are described. A method of treating wood, comprising providing wood and treating the wood with the wax emulsion under conditions effective to increase its water repellency is also disclosed.

Abstract: A wood treatment concentrate includes, by weight;

Abstract: A process for treating wood and wood products is disclosed. Wood is impregnated under pressure with soybean oil or a mixture of vegetable oils with soybean oil, which oil is caused to polymerize within the wood. The polymerized oil is effectively fixed within the wood. The oil may be treated in advance of impregnation to initiate polymerization. Further, the wood may be surface treated with a more fully polymerized coating of oil. Pressure and vacuum may be applied in selected sequence to promote impregnation, and heat, blowing air, oxygen, Ultraviolet light, and other agents may be employed to promote polymerization of the treated wood within the pressure chamber during the impregnation process or outside of the pressure chamber after impregnation. Additional additives may be used to prevent pest infestations and the growth of fungi or to promote the migration of the oil into the wood.

Abstract: The invention relates to the impregnation of wood by a solvent-free melt of modified natural resin which is solid at ambient temperature. Besides the modified natural resin, melts according to the invention may comprise wax and further additives. The melting point of the wax is preferably above 80° C. The addition of wax elevates the softening point and reduces the viscosity of the melt. Melts according to the invention do not tend to discolor even at the given temperatures of the loading treatment so that the wood treated with a melt of modified natural resin mainly retains its natural appearance.

Abstract: A baseball bat which meets Major League specifications is fabricated from porous red oak wood. The pores of the handle portion of the bat contain an impregnation oil. The resultant bat provides greater ball-hitting power while having greater resistance to breakage. The process for producing the bat involves slow and uniform drying of individual hardwood billets under conditions which provide non-warped dry billets having 4%-8% H2O. The dry billet is then shaped to the bat configuration and impregnated with a penetrating oil while standing upright in a vacuum/pressure chamber.

Abstract: Solvent-free coating materials and treating agents used as water-based wood or material protective agents containing emulsifiable binding agents, quaternary ammonium compounds and optional additional active agents. The wood or material protective agents are non-flammable and enable a uniform distribution of the binding agent and the quaternary ammonium compounds in the substrates. As a result, the quaternary ammonium compounds function as a dissolving mediator for the binding agents which are dispersed in water without opacifying effects and are used as a biocide. The agents can additionally absorb water-insoluble organic biocides without impairing the homogeneity or stability of the formulation of the homogeneity of the distribution in the substrate.

Abstract: Pressure impregnation methods for preserving wood. The impregnant combines a wood preservative with a wax-surfactant-water emulsion. A cationic surfactant component made up of two different surfactants is preferred.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a finished product from a length of a lignocellulosic material, such as a length of solid wood or chip board, includes the steps of impregnating the length of lignocellulosic material through its depth with an impregnating composition comprising a mineral oil, a non-aqueous solvent for the material oil such as dichloromethane or super critical carbon dioxide, and a thermosetting resin and, if necessary, a catalyst therefore dissolved in the mineral oil and solvent. Thereafter, the non-aqueous solvent is removed and the product is subjected to an elevated temperature to polymerize the thermosetting resin to bind the mineral oil into the lignocellulosic material.

Abstract: A process for treating a wood substrate with a water-based formulation containing a wax in order to confer water repellency to the substrate comprising the steps of: (a) placing the substrate in a treatment vessel and reducing the pressure in the vessel to remove air in the pores of the substrate; (b) contacting the substrate in the vessel, while reduced pressure is present in the vessel, with the formulation to allow the formulation to flow into said pores, said contacting being carried out at a temperature at or above that required to cause the wax to change into a molten state; (c) applying a positive pressure to the vessel to force the formulation into said pores; and (d) releasing the pressure in the vessel and removing the resultant wood substrate from the vessel.

Abstract: A wood treatment process is disclosed in which in one aspect the wood is impregnated with a waterborne preservative such as CCA at elevated temperature and pressure. The impregnated wood and excess waterborne preservative are separated while the treatment vessel (8) is pressurized, for example by blowing the preservative out of the vessel at the treatment pressure using a pump (10). Kickback may be segregated from the wood once pressure is reduced after the separation of wood and preservative. In another aspect the wood is impregnated with a waterborne preservative and with oil, each of the impregnating steps being performed under pressure and the oil being heated. If the preservative is one such as CCA which is capable of being fixed to the wood the hot oil may enhance this as well as providing water repellency. The oil may be a process oil.

Abstract: A wood treatment process in which lignocellulosic materials are treated for several hours in a liquid bath of oil with the exclusion of oxygen. The liquid bath at that time has a temperature of 180 to 260° C. By thermal action the wood substance is converted, so that some properties of these materials are altered. Resistance against wood-destroying fungi, for example, is improved.

Abstract: A first tram loaded with wood is introduced at a first, loading end of a treatment chamber along a primary trackway. After treatment, the first tram is removed along the primary trackway from the treatment chamber to a second, opposite unloading end, while a newly loaded second tram is introduced into the chamber at the first end. After the treated wood is unloaded from the first tram, the empty first tram is returned to the first, loading end via a second trackway located under the chamber, parallel to the primary trackway. Pivotable bridges of the primary trackway selectively connect the primary and secondary trackways to allow the return of the unloaded tram to the loading end of the chamber.

Abstract: The method includes the step of applying a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve to at least that part of the object most vulnerable to decay. A meltable sealing solution, typically a bituminous substance, is provided between the heat shrinkable plastics sleeve and the object. The sleeve is heated so as to melt the sealing solution sufficiently for it to bond intimately to the wooden object and pressure is applied to the plastics sleeve. The sleeve may be extruded and the sealing solution may be applied to the internal surface of the sleeve as it is extruded. Pressure can be applied to the sleeve using pressure pads, which may be heated, or by a jet of hot air.

Abstract: A glass laminate comprising panes of glass held together by a bonding layer is provided with an edge seal by the drying of an ethylene polymer emulsion such that the emulsion thins out along the edge of the glass panes.

Abstract: A method in which a flexible outer barrier layer is applied to at least that part of the object most vulnerable to decay, a bituminous substance is provided between the outer barrier layer and the object, and the barrier layer is heated so as to melt the bituminous substance sufficiently for it to bond intimately to the wooden object. The barrier layer may be a heat shrinkable plastic film and may be a sleeve which is heat shrunk onto the object. The invention is particularly useful for protecting vulnerable parts of elongate wooden objects, such as fence posts or poles, from decay.

Abstract: A method for treating lumber using a treatment composition having white mineral oil. The lumber is submerged in the treatment composition at atmospheric pressure or at an elevated pressure. The white mineral oil replaces moisture removed from the lumber, and thus lubricates the cell structure of the wood. The method is particularly well suited to the treatment of wood flooring blocks, since the white mineral oil is non-toxic and does not pose health or environmental hazards. A fungicide may be added to the treatment composition to inhibit the formation of mold.

Abstract: A water absorptive composition comprising, a fibrous substrate impregnated with a water absorptive, water insoluble polymer, wherein the polymer is intertwined and interlocked with fibers of the fibrous substrate, and the composition has high water absorbing capacity, a method of making thereof, and a cable, more particularly a fiber optic cable, made therewith.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with methods for treating wet fir-woods or leaf-woods mainly for reduction of their moisture content and for preservation.The procedure of the invention is conducted in two steps. In the first step, the wet wood is kept in a bath of molten paraffin or a mixture of paraffin with paraffin oil at weight ratios from 90:10 to 10:90 containing 0.05 to 5 percent by weight of colloidal silicon dioxide at 80.degree. to 180.degree. C. for 10 to 50 minutes.In the second step, the wood is transferred into another bath of an emulsion consisting of 10 to 30 parts by weight of an aqueous urea/formaldehyde resin with solid content of 30 to 50 percent by weight in term of the solid content of the resin, 0.1 to 0.8 percent by weight of catalyst, 90 to 70 parts by weight of paraffin or a mixture of paraffin with paraffin oil at weight ratios from 90:10 to 10:90, and optionally 1 to 8 parts by weight of additives, preferably emulsifier, pigment, fungicide, and insecticide.

Abstract: Wrap around article (10) for wood preservative treatment of wood poles, posts and the like, including an outside backing sheet (12) which has an inwardly and downwardly folded mounting flap (18) at the upper end thereof. A single or series of generally flat pockets or bags (30) on the inside of which is an absorbant pad (40). Wood preservative solution is added to the bag (30) and held in the pad (40) and the bag is sealed. The bags are attached to the flap (18). When the wrap around article (10) is to be applied, the inside faces of the bags are cut away exposing the pads soaked with the wood preservative. Upon installation the pads (40) contact substantially all of the circumference of the pole and the wood preservative penetrates the pole wood. In another form the pad material (40') is wrapped around the treatment zone, the pad saturated with wood preservative solution and then the backing (12') is secured over the pad.

Abstract: A wood preserving impregnating oil with improved leaching, evaporation, and exudation characteristics comprised of:10-100 weight % of coal conversion oil,0-90 weight % of coal tar impregnating oil,0-75 weight % of mineral oil fraction in the boiling range of 200.degree.-400.degree. C.,0-60 weight % of alkyl- or cycloalkyl-substituted aromatics with 2 to 4 rings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in impregnated wood preserving processes utilizing naphthalene containing preservative agents comprising recovering that portion of the naphthalene stripped from the preservative agent during a drying phase in the process and returning said recovered naphthalene portion to the impregnation phase of said process.

Abstract: A novel stable, homogeneous aqueous solution for application to wood surfaces is provided herein. The aqueous solution consists essentially of creosote, a conventional inorganic wood preservative component, ammonia and an oil. The oil and the creosote are present in specified proportions in the aqueous solution. When the solution is applied to wood, and the wood dried, a creosote-treated wood surface which may be painted is provided.

Abstract: The apparatus and the method for impregnation of wood. The apparatus has a closable tank which defines our interior space and comprises a vessel with at least one door for closing the vessel to isolate the interior space from the exterior of the tank. The tank being capable of supporting a pressure difference between the interior space and the exterior of the tank. The apparatus contains a device for supplying liquid to and receiving from the interior space of the tank, a device for establishing a pressure difference between the interior space and the exterior of the tank, a structure which is disposed in the interior space for holding wood to be treated and a structure supporting the holding structure to permit rotation of the holding structure about a non-vertical axis while holding wood to be treated.

Abstract: A method of treating wood to prevent stain and decay which includes extracting from a decay resistant species of wood material a fungi growth inhibiting material and using this material to wet the surface of wood to be treated. The substance for use as a fungi growth inhibiting material is obtained by extracting it from decay resistant species of wood material.

Abstract: An improved process for the drying/coloring of wood is disclosed wherein the wood is contacted with a drying/coloring oil. At least the outer surface layer of the wood has a moisture content in excess of the fiber saturation point of the wood. The treatment process is carried out until the moisture content of the wood decreases below the fiber saturation point.

Abstract: Lumber, which is substantially warp-free and check-free and has a reduced susceptibility to decay and insect damage, particularly red alder, beech, birch, cottonwood, maple, oak, aspen and hemlock, is produced by felling the tree, preferably when in substantially full leaf; long butting the tree trunk; sealing the butt end surface to deter decay and attack by insects, and reducing the sap content by allowing the unlimbed tree to age for a minimum of six weeks; sawing the tree into lumber; purging additional sap from the lumber by soaking it with high-pressure water sprays periodically for a minimum of three days; and drying the lumber. Mold and other deterioration is deterred in wood chips which are to be stored by soaking, pressing and washing them.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for impregnating low density fiberboard with asphalt is disclosed, and which includes stacking the sheets, placing the stacks in a sealable chamber, and flooding the chamber with a treating solution composed of a mixture of asphalt and solvent. The chamber is thereafter drained, and the fiberboard is then heated by the injection of live steam into the chamber. A partial vacuum is then drawn in the chamber, while condensing and separating the withdrawn solvent and water vapors. Both the condensed solvent and water of the steam injection system are maintained in closed conduit systems to permit their reuse and to prevent contamination of the environment.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for use in the preservative treatment and/or drying or coloring of wood. The apparatus consists of an enclosed vessel which is divided into two chambers by an intermediate wall portion. Wood to be treated is placed in one chamber in a treatment liquid, with the liquid passing into the second chamber by passing over said intermediate wall portion.

Abstract: A combined water repellent and preservative for wood prepared in a concentrate for mixing with water and utilizing 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate.

Abstract: An improved wood preservation process is disclosed wherein wood is contacted with an emulsion of an oil-based perservative in water.

Abstract: A method is provided which permanently embeds a fire retardant such as diammonium phsophate into wood shingles, wood framing members or other wood members by means of blasting a special slurry of the fire retardant into the body of the wood with an airless spray gun, or alternatively soaking or dipping the wood in a softening solution and then emersing it in the fire retardant slurry which is subsequently pressurized to over 100 pounds per square inch, in either case the diammonium phosphate granules being embedded into the wood where they are protected from being leached at by rainfall and the like by a nonsoluable, nonvolatile carrier liquid.

Abstract: The penetration properties of creosote and pentachlorophenol oil-borne wood preservative compositions are improved by adding to such compositions an N,N-dimethylamide of a carboxylic acid containing 18 carbon atoms and at least 1 carbon to carbon double bond.

Abstract: An agent for stabilization of a decorative finish is incorporated in a timber preservative composition comprising a preservative e.g. fungicide, insecticide or fire retardant in an organic solvent e.g. white spirit, chlorinated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride or a liquified butane or propane for use in a double vacuum treatment of the timber. The agent may be an alkyd resin or colloidal pigment of a defined mean particle size, or both.

Abstract: A wood preservative composition having deep penetration capability, leaving a clean surface and imparting high retention of active preservative within the wood, which consists primarily of (a) an organic wood preservative agent, (b) a hydrophobic agent, and (c) small amounts of an amorphous vinylic-type polymer, in a penetrating organic solvent. The preservative may be pentachlorophenol, an oxathiin compound or other preservative preferably of low mammalian toxicity. The hydrophobic agent may be fatty acids and their esters, fatty alcohols and paraffin waxes. The amorphous polymer may be a polystyrene, a polymethylmethacrylate, a polyvinylformal, an atactic polypropylene or other such amorphous polymer. The penetrating solvent may be most suitably chloroform, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene or liquefied petroleum gas, although others may be used. Solutions suitable for deep penetration pressure treatment are preferred.

Abstract: An agent for stabilization of a decorative finish is incorporated in a timber preservative composition comprising a preservative e.g., fungicide, insecticide or fire retardant in an organic solvent e.g. white spirit, chlorinated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride or a liquified butane or propane for use in a double vacuum treatment of the timber. The agent may be an alkyd resin or colloidal pigment of a defined mean particle size, or both.

Abstract: Production of treated wood with improved penetrability by projectiles is accomplished in an improved pressure treatment with an improved treating solution. The wood is impregnated in a pressure treatment process with a treating solution containing an impregnant, an aliphatic hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon liquid carrier, a cosolvent if the solubility of the impregnant in the liquid carrier is inadequate, and an effective amount of lubricating oil. After the treating solution has impregnated the wood, the liquid carrier is evaporated leaving treated wood containing an impregnant with internal lubrication due to the oil and possibly some cosolvent.

Abstract: Method of partially converting wood into plastic material by impregnating the wood with a phenol and substances which form a reaction product which forms a prepolymer with the lignin in the wood, heating said impregnated wood to form said reaction product and pre-polymer, and thus applying further heat and pressure to said impregnated wood to form a copolymer between said pre-polymer and the lignin in said wood.