Abstract: A composite anode active material includes a silicon-based material, a metal fluoride, and a carbon-based material. The metal fluoride may be a compound represented by the following formula: MFx, where M is at least one selected from magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), barium (Ba) and bismuth (Bi), and 0<x?4.

Abstract: A welding torch with a welding electrode and a welding electrode holder is provided. One welding torch includes a securing mechanism and an insulated grip. The securing mechanism is configured to secure an exposed central portion of a welding rod bounded by flux covered first and second sides. The securing mechanism is also configured to make electrical contact with the central portion of the rod for arc welding with the first side. The insulated grip is configured to cover the second side of the welding rod.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flux cored electrode is described that includes a titanium oxide based flux system having a low water content, which resists moisture absorption, and which reduces the amount of impurities transferred to a weld metal comprising: providing titanium dioxide, the titanium dioxide including purified titanium dioxide; providing a solution of colloidal metal oxide, the colloidal metal oxide having an average particle size of less than about 800 nm; mixing together the titanium dioxide and solution of colloidal metal oxide; and, drying the mixture at a temperature of at least about 400° C. for at least about 30 minutes until a moisture content of the mixture is less than about 1%; and, forming a metal electrode sheath so as to include the mixture in a core of the metal electrode sheath. The purified titanium oxide includes little or no impurities that can act as nucleation sites for carbide formation in a weld metal.

Abstract: An energy saving gas discharge lamp, and method of making same, is provided. The gas discharge lamp includes a light-transmissive envelope, and an electrode within the light-transmissive envelope to provide a discharge. A light scattering reflective layer is disposed on an inner surface of the light-transmissive envelope. A phosphor layer is coated on the light scattering reflective layer. A discharge-sustaining gaseous mixture is retained inside the light-transmissive envelope. The discharge-sustaining gaseous mixture includes more than 80% xenon, by volume, at a low pressure.

Abstract: One pixel is divided into a first region including a first light emitting element and a second region including a second light emitting element, wherein the first region emits light in one direction and the second region emits light in the direction opposite to that of the first region. Independently driving the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element allows images to be displayed independently on the surface.

Abstract: Circular contact gaps are formed in the welding flux coating of a continuous welding electrode by locating the electrode in a fabrication duct having the same diameter as the flux coating. High pressure air is injected at evenly spaced position of the flux coating through two air injection air ports from 45 degree angles relative to the cross sectional diameter of the fabrication duct. Contact gaps are formed in alternate consecutive sections of the welding electrode in sequential consecutive steps in which a new section of the electrode is located in the fabrication duct in each sequential step.

Abstract: Electric welding method is provided of aluminium or aluminium alloy in a magnetic field, the aluminium or aluminium alloy adjacent to a weld joint under formation has an oxide layer, and the free end of a welding wire is supplied with a surrounding shielding gas. Furthermore, a welding wire is used that comprises aluminium or aluminium alloy provided with an oxide-inhibiting coating, which forms the outer covering or sheath of the welding wire and/or that as said shielding gas there is used a shielding gas with oxygen incorporated therein, or that the shielding gas is supplied with oxygen during the welding process. When the process is carried out in a magnetic field, the minimum frequency of the welding current is selected as a function of the strength of the magnetic field. A method is also provided for producing the welding wire and necessary material conditions for a usable welding gun.

Abstract: A porous organosilica glass (OSG) film consists of a single phase of a material represented by the formula SivOwCxHyFz, where v+w+x+y+z=100%, v is from 10 to 35 atomic %, w is from 10 to 65 atomic %, x is from 5 to 30 atomic %, y is from 10 to 50 atomic % and z is from 0 to 15 atomic %, wherein the film has pores and a dielectric constant less than 2.6. The film is provided by a chemical vapor deposition method in which a preliminary film is deposited from organosilane and/or organosiloxane precursors and pore-forming agents (porogens), which can be independent of, or bonded to, the precursors. The porogens are subsequently removed to provide the porous film. Compositions, such as kits, for forming the films include porogens and precursors. Porogenated precursors are also useful for providing the film.

Abstract: An electrode for use in a welding process may comprise a finite length electrode core. The electrode core may be encapsulated at least partially within a coating comprising a flux material. One end of the electrode core may be tapered from a first diameter D to a second smaller diameter D1. The tapered end may further be covered with a coating that enhances the arc starting capabilities of the electrode.

Abstract: A method of the present invention is used for the high-rate deposition of materials, such as carbon, silicon, metals, metal oxides, and the like, onto a metal substrate defined by a metal tape. The particles of the material are mixed with fluid and are injected against the metal tape at high pressure and high velocity. The particles of the material form a current collection surface of the metal tape. The metal tape is used as cathode or anode combined with a separator to form a fuel cell of a secondary battery, metal-ceramic membranes, film composite metal-ceramic materials for electronic devices.

Abstract: An aryl amine polymer is provided which contains a specific repeat unit, its use in preparing an organic semiconductor material which contains the aryl amine polymer and an additional specific compound and in the preparation of organic light emitting devices (OLED), organic thin film transistors (TFT) and so on, along with an organic TFT including a substrate, an organic semiconductor layer which contains the organic semiconductor material and is located overlying the substrate, an electrode pair of a source electrode and a drain electrode; and a third electrode.

Abstract: An EDM wire having an outer coating of gamma phase brass with an overlayer of continuous unalloyed zinc or ductile epsilon phase brass entrapping the gamma phase and a process for manufacturing the EDM wire is provided. A second process for synthesizing a ductile epsilon phase brass coating on the aforementioned and other substrates is also provided. The first process includes coating a copper bearing metallic core with zinc. The zinc coating is then converted to gamma phase brass via a diffusion anneal and subsequently re-coated with zinc prior to being cold drawn to its finish diameter. The process of converting a zinc coating to a ductile epsilon phase brass includes heat treating the wire at a temperature low enough to minimize or eliminate changes in the mechanical properties of the composite wire.

Abstract: Low dielectric materials and films comprising same have been identified for improved performance when used as interlevel dielectrics in integrated circuits as well as methods for making same. In certain embodiments of the invention, there is provided a low-temperature process to remove at least a portion of at least one pore-forming material within a composite film thereby forming a porous film. The pore-forming material may be removed via exposure to at least one energy source, preferably an ultraviolet light source, in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A novel electrically conductive polymer, a sensor using the electrically conductive polymer, and a method for detecting a target molecule that hybridizes to a probe, using the sensor, are provided. The electrically conductive polymer has the following formula: where m is 1, 2, or 3; R is a hydroxysuccinimidyl group, a hydroxyphthalimidyl group, or a pentafluorophenolyl group; and n is zero or an integer.

Abstract: An aryl amine polymer is provided which contains a specific repeat unit, its use in preparing an organic semiconductor material which contains the aryl amine polymer and an additional specific compound and in the preparation of organic light emitting devices (OLED), organic thin film transistors (TFT) and so on, along with an organic TFT including a substrate, an organic semiconductor layer which contains the organic semiconductor material and is located overlying the substrate, an electrode pair of a source electrode and a drain electrode; and a third electrode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation of colloidal particulates and biomolecules at the interface between an insulating electrode such as silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution. Light-controlled electrokinetic assembly of particles near surfaces relies on the combination of three functional elements: the AC electric field-induced assembly of planar aggregates; the patterning of the electrolyte/silicon oxide/silicon interface to exert spatial control over the assembly process; and the real-time control of the assembly process via external illumination. The present invention provides a set of fundamental operations enabling interactive control over the creation and placement of planar arrays of several types of particles and biomolecules and the manipulation of array shape and size. The present invention enables sample preparation and handling for diagnostic assays and biochemical analysis in an array format, and the functional integration of these operations.

Abstract: A novel electrically conductive polymer, a sensor using the electrically conductive polymer, and a method for detecting a target molecule that hybridizes to a probe, using the sensor, are provided. The electrically conductive polymer has the following formula: where m is 1, 2, or 3; R is a hydroxysuccinimidyl group, a hydroxyphthalimidyl group, or a pentafluorophenolyl group; and n is zero or an integer.

Abstract: A welding wire of the type consists of a plated or uncovered solid wire and a flux-cored wire for carbon steel or stainless steel, wherein one or more of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, which have from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and a linear or branched structure, and hydrocarbon compounds having a cyclic structure are deposited on a wire surface. A lubricating oil and/or lubricating particles are chemically combined with a wire surface through the one or more hydrocarbon compounds. The total amount of the hydrocarbon compounds, and a lubricating oil and/or lubricating particles deposited on the wire surface is in the range of 0.1 to 5 g per 10 kg of the wire.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation of colloidal particulates and biomolecules at the interface between an insulating electrode such as silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution. Light-controlled electrokinetic assembly of particles near surfaces relies on the combination of three functional elements: the AC electric field-induced assembly of planar aggregates; the patterning of the electrolyte/silicon oxide/silicon interface to exert spatial control over the assembly process; and the real-time control of the assembly process via external illumination. The present invention provides a set of fundamental operations enabling interactive control over the creation and placement of planar arrays of several types of particles and biomolecules and the manipulation of array shape and size. The present invention enables sample preparation and handling for diagnostic assays and biochemical analysis in an array format, and the functional integration of these operations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation of colloidal particulates and biomolecules at the interface between an insulating electrode such as silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution. Light-controlled electrokinetic assembly of particles near surfaces relies on the combination of three functional elements: the AC electric field-induced assembly of planar aggregates; the patterning of the electrolyte/silicon oxide/silicon interface to exert spatial control over the assembly process; and the real-time control of the assembly process via external illumination. The present invention provides a set of fundamental operations enabling interactive control over the creation and placement of planar arrays of several types of particles and biomolecules and the manipulation of array shape and size. The present invention enables sample preparation and handling for diagnostic assays and biochemical analysis in an array format, and the functional integration of these operations.

Abstract: A welding wire of the type consists of a plated or uncovered solid wire and a flux-cored wire for carbon steel or stainless steel, wherein one or more of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, which have from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and a linear or branched structure, and hydrocarbon compounds having a cyclic structure are deposited on a wire surface. A lubricating oil and/or lubricating particles are chemically combined with a wire surface through the one or more hydrocarbon compounds. The total amount of the hydrocarbon compounds, and a lubricating oil and/or lubricating particles deposited on the wire surface is in the range of 0.1 to 5 g per 10 kg of the wire.

Abstract: A method for installing an electroconductive flooring and an electroconductive welding rod for use in this method are disclosed. The electroconductive welding rod is composed of a joint material including as the main component a thermoplastic resin composition of a ribbon-shape or a rod-shape, with the peripheral surface thereof being coated with an electroconductive coating material. The method for installing the electroconductive flooring is composed of the steps of laying flooring sheets in mutual contact and cutting joint-forming grooves, or laying the flooring sheets with spaces therebetween for the formation of the joints of the adjacent flooring sheets, softening the electroconductive welding rod, filling the softened electroconductive welding rod into the grooves or the spaces between the flooring sheets, and welding the adjacent flooring sheets to form joints, whereby the flooring sheets are electrically integrated.

Abstract: A method for forming an EDM wire electrode includes coating a copper wire core with zinc, and then heating the coated wire in an oxidizing atmosphere to simultaneously provide a copper-zinc alloy layer over the copper core and a zinc oxide surface on the alloy layer. The oxide- and alloy-coated wire is then reduced in diameter to reduce the thickness of the alloy layer by about one-half of its initial thickness. The resulting electrodes wire permits a greater current density and a greater tractional force to be employed, yielding a significantly greater machining speed in the EDM process.

Abstract: Aluminum weld wire having a nascent aluminum surface, (the weld wire is also useful for vacuum and arc metallizing), is lubricated with a dual coating of an essentially anhydrous lower alkanol and a colloidal solid lubricant each present as a layer so thin that they are essentially invisible to the naked eye. The solid lubricant is oil-free colloidal graphite which may be combined with a minor amount of a sulfide of molybdenum. The lubricant particles are deposited from a 1% to 15% by wt dispersion of the particles in the alkanol, in substantially spaced-apart relation, forming a non-uniform, monoparticulate layer on the nascent aluminum surface. The high propensity of the lubricant particles to settle out (they are smaller than 10 microns, and generally smaller than 1 micron in size) from the dispersion, permits formation of the monoparticulate layer. The alkanol layer is so thin that only from 100 ppm to 0.1% of alkanol, by weight of the weld wire, is present.

Abstract: A coating for improved resistance welding of galvanized steel parts or sheets comprises a binder, and a metal phosphide pigment, preferably a ferrophosphorus pigment, having a particle size of from about 0.1 to about 30 microns. The pigment can also include up to about 40% by weight of an additional metal such as tin, aluminum or lead, which can be combined with the metal phosphide in pigment form or deposited onto the surface of the particles. The coating can be applied to either the faying or non-faying surfaces of the galvanized steel, or to the resistance welding electrode, and may be removed, if desired, after the welding operation.The advantages of the present invention include a significant reduction in welding current and an increase in the weldability lobe width, a restoration of the dynamic resistance beta peak, and an increase in electrode life.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting out-diffusion of dopants from polycrystalline or single crystal silicon substrates of high speed semiconductor devices into metal silicide conductive layers disposed on the substrate comprises interposing a refractory metal nitride layer between the doped silicon substrate and the refractory metal silicide conductive layer. Dopant out-diffusion is further retarded, and contact resistance lowered, by adding a thin layer of refractory metal between the refractory metal nitride layer and the silicon substrate.

Abstract: An exothermic cutting electrode or burning bar provided with a coating containing oxidizing material, arc stabilizing material and a binder with portions of reduced coating thickness along the length of the electrode.

Abstract: A coating is provided which substantially lengthens the life of carbon and graphite electrodes used in electrical arc processes for the manufacture of ferrous metals. The coating forms a silica-phosphorus glass upon the electrodes.

Abstract: In a low hydrogen type covered arc-electrode, the sources of diffusible hydrogen are kept to a low level by selecting kind of the ingredients for producing the electrodes or by baking the ingredients. In the process of the present invention, the covered arc-electrode is baked at a high temperature so as to extremely reduce the amount of the sources of diffusible hydrogen of the weld metal, while decomposition of limestone, which is one of the covering components, is prevented due to a novel baking atmosphere containing CO.sub.2. The weight ratio of Na.sub.2 O/K.sub.2 O in the covering is adjusted to be 1 or more, so as to keep amount of fumes.

Abstract: A surface treatment is disclosed for welding rod or wire of ferrous composition to greatly enhance its resistance to corrosion and considerably extend shelf life. The treatment consists of forming a relatively thick (0.0001 inches) black oxide surface layer on the rod, by an aqueous alkali-nitrate immersion process, and is applied to the wire or rod after the final drawing operation in which the outside diameter of the wire or rod is sized to closely controlled tolerances to insure proper feeding in reel and other automated arc welding operations. The aqueous alkali-nitrate immersion process enables the formation of relatively thick layer of black oxide without appreciably affecting the diameter of the treated welding rod, such that mechanical working may be entirely completed prior to treatment, insuring a smooth, uninterrupted coating.

Abstract: Method for hard-facing substrates is disclosed using a hard facing material consisting essentially of at least one vanadium carbide. In a particular embodiment of the invention tungsten is present in the hard facing material in solid solution with vanadium carbide.

Abstract: This invention relates to brazing materials. In particular it is concerned with a novel combination of brazing alloy and flux. Specifically, a brazing material in accordance with the invention comprises a brazing alloy having a coating comprising a brazing flux and an elastomer.

Abstract: A coated electrode is provided comprising a metal core rod and a sheath coating enveloping said rod, said sheath consisting essentially of at least one hard phase-forming element in particulate form bonded to said rod, said sheath containing an amount of a solid metal halogenide ranging from over 0.01 to 3% by weight of said sheath effective to provide a weld deposit in which hard phases are uniformly distributed therethrough.

Abstract: A waterproof electrode useful in metal-working is obtained by coating the ectrode with a polyolefin selected from the class consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and mixtures thereof at a thickness from 0.25 cm to 0.80 cm by a method which comprises placing the electrode inside a polyolefinic heat-shrinkable tubing of a length sufficient to cover at least 0.6 cm of the bare metal of an electrode with a flux coating and sufficient to extend at least 0.8 cm beyond the electrode and with a diameter and a shrinkability sufficient to bring the polyolefin in contact with the bare metal of a flux-coated electrode.

Abstract: A coating composition for a coated electrode for arc welding comprising 3 to 30% of fibrous mineral, 2 to 12% of crystalline cellulose, with the balance being at least one of a slag forming agent, an arc stabilizing agent, a deoxidizing agent and an alloying agent.

Abstract: A method of making flux-covered welding electrodes which are resistant to moisture absorption wherein untreated covered electrodes are treated with a dilute aqueous dispersion of at least one material taken from the class of silicon bearing materials consisting of colloidal amorphous solid silicas, quaternary ammonium colloidal silica sols and soluble silicates of lithium and potassium.

Abstract: Directed to a welding flux and covered welding electrodes, and, more particularly, to covered electrodes having a nickel-chromium-iron alloy core and a special flux coating or covering, which electrode is capable of joining similar and dissimilar metals and which produces, in all positions, sound welds free from cracking and porosity and deposits having excellent corrosion resistance.

Abstract: Carbon articles, particularly carbon electrodes, are protected against corrosive attack in use by fusing material to the article, or applying material to the carbon article which under the conditions of its use is capable of fusing to the carbon article, to form a coherent coating of protective material over only that part of the carbon article liable to corrosive attack when the article is in use.