Abstract: An endless belt contains a resin, a filler A having an aspect ratio of 5 or more, and two or more fillers B having an aspect ratio of less than 5, in which a volume-based particle size distribution of the fillers B has two or more peaks among which a peak existing on a largest diameter side has a particle size Dmax that is equal to or more than 5 times and equal to or less than 50 times a particle size Dmin of a peak existing on a smallest diameter side.

Abstract: A supporting glass substrate includes a compression stress layer on a surface thereof, and has an average thermal expansion coefficient at 50° C. to 200° C. that is 7 ppm/° C. to 15 ppm/° C., an internal tensile stress that is 5 MPa to 55 MPa, and a depth of the compression stress layer that is 10 ?m to 60 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof. The polymer composite material includes a polymer base layer and a metal thin film layer provided on a surface of the polymer base layer. The metal thin film layer is made of amorphous alloy. The surface of the polymer base layer is provided with a metal thin film with an amorphous structure. In this way, the arrangement of the metal thin film with amorphous structure can not only improve the mechanical properties, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the polymer substrate material, but also can greatly improve the toughness of the polymer substrate material, to simultaneously improve the strength and toughness of the polymer material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electromagnetic wave attenuator includes a first structure body. The first structure body includes a first member, a second member, and a third member. The first member includes a first magnetic layer and a first nonmagnetic layer alternately provided in a first direction. The first nonmagnetic layer is conductive. The first direction is a stacking direction. The second member includes a second magnetic layer and a second nonmagnetic layer alternately provided in the first direction. The second nonmagnetic layer is conductive. The third member includes a third nonmagnetic layer. The third nonmagnetic layer is conductive. A direction from the third member toward the first member is along the first direction. A direction from the third member toward the second member is along the first direction. A first magnetic layer thickness is greater than a second magnetic layer thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemically strengthened glass having a sheet shape, having a compressive stress layer on a glass surface, having a compressive stress value on the glass surface of 800 MPa or more, having a sheet thickness (t) of 100 ?m or more, having a depth of the compressive stress layer (DOL) of (t×0.1) ?m or more, and satisfying: CSB>CSA>0, where DB is a depth in a range of 10 ?m or more and not more than DOL from the glass surface, at which a compressive stress value is maximum; CSB is the compressive stress value at the depth DB; D? is a depth in a range of equal to or less than DB from the glass surface, at which a compressive stress value is minimum; and CSA is the compressive stress value at the depth DA.

Abstract: Various embodiments for a laminate glass article and related methods are provided. The laminated glass article includes a first glass layer and a second glass layer with a TPU interlayer positioned therebetween.

Abstract: A method for forming a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic part may comprise the steps of locating a lightning strike protection layer on a mold surface of a mold tool, locating a thermoplastic layer over the mold tool, heating the thermoplastic layer to a pliable forming temperature, conforming the thermoplastic layer to a mold surface of the mold tool, and depositing a plurality of fiber strips over the thermoplastic layer.

Abstract: An absorbent article comprising an absorbent member positioned between a topsheet and a backsheet is provided. The absorbent member contains at least one layer that comprises superabsorbent particles containing nanopores having an average cross-sectional dimension of from about 10 to about 500 nanometers.

Abstract: A rigid conduit (for example, a metal conduit) featuring an electrofusable section secured to the rigid conduit to allow the rigid conduit to be electrofusion welded to another component of the fueling installation, such as a sump or further electrofusable conduit, is provided by the present disclosure. In certain exemplifications, multiple spaced electrofusable sections are provided on the rigid conduit, with corrosion resistant sections spanning the electrofusable sections in certain arrangements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-layer, preferably co-extruded, plastic film with improved modulus properties, which is suitable, in particular, for producing three-dimensionally shaped articles.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to oxygen scavenging polymers, compositions comprising the polymers, articles comprising the polymers and/or compositions, and methods of making the polymers, compositions, and/or articles. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Implementations described herein generally relate to flexible display devices, and more specifically to flexible cover lens films. The flexible cover lens film has improved strength, elasticity, optical transmission, and anti-abrasion properties. The flexible cover lens film comprises a multi-layer hardcoat disposed on a substrate layer. The substrate layer has a thickness between 2 ?m to 100 ?m, and the multi-layer hardcoat has a thickness between 1 ?m to 10 ?m. The multi-layer hardcoat comprises a first layer deposited using a wet deposition process, a second layer deposited using a dry deposition process, and one or more adhesion promotion layers. In terms of optical properties, the multi-layer hardcoat has a total transmission greater than 88%, a haze of about 1% or less, and a yellowness index of b*<1. By combining wet and dry deposition processes to form the multi-layer hardcoat, the cover lens film is both flexible and strong with hardness between 4 H and 9 H.

Abstract: An erosion and CMAS resistant coating arranged on a TBC coated substrate and including at least one porous vertically cracked (PVC) coating layer providing lower thermal conductivity and being disposed over a layer of MCrAlY wherein M represents Ni, Co or their combinations. At least one dense vertically cracked (DVC) erosion and CMAS resistant coating layer is deposited over the at least one PVC coating layer.

Abstract: An absorbent article comprising an absorbent member positioned between a topsheet and a backsheet is provided. The absorbent member contains at least one layer that comprises porous superabsorbent particles, wherein the particles exhibit a relative humidity microclimate of about 67% or less after being exposed to an atmosphere having a temperature of about 23° C. and relative humidity of 80% for a time period of 20 minutes.

Abstract: An article includes a carrier including a carrier bonding surface, a sheet including a sheet bonding surface, and a surface modification layer disposed on at least one of the carrier bonding surface and the sheet bonding surface. The surface modification layer includes a plasma polymerized material. The plasma polymerized material planarizes the at least one of the carrier bonding surface and the sheet bonding surface. The carrier bonding surface and the sheet bonding surface are bonded with the surface modification layer so that the carrier is temporarily bonded with the sheet. A method of making an article includes depositing a surface modification layer on at least one of a carrier bonding surface and a sheet bonding surface. The method further includes bonding the carrier bonding surface and the sheet bonding surface with the surface modification layer to temporarily bond the carrier with the sheet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to multi-layer film constructions and related methods. The multi-layer film constructions can include a first layer joined to a second layer. The first layer can include one or more heat resistant materials. The second layer can include a sealant film, which can be a multi-layer film having one or more sealing layers or sublayers. The sealing layers can include a blend of one or more ionomers and polybutylene. The multi-layer film constructions can also be free from or devoid of wax.

Abstract: A vehicle glass sheet is provided that includes a borosilicate glass with a thickness between 1.1 mm and 5.4 mm and a two-dimensional area for a sensor assigned to this two-dimensional area. The two-dimensional area has an inclination (?) with respect to an upward direction (S) perpendicular to a main direction of movement (V) of the vehicle that is in a range between 35° and 65°.

Abstract: Provided is an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of enhancing the sound insulating properties of laminated glass, and making foaming less likely to occur in an end part. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention includes a first layer, and a lateral covering part that covers at least part of a lateral part of the first layer, and the first layer has a shear elastic modulus at 25° C. of 0.17 MPa or less, and the lateral covering part has a shear elastic modulus at 25° C. of more than 1 MPa.

Abstract: Disclosed is a degradable film (1) in which a barrier layer (3) is disposed on a surface of a water-soluble polymer layer (2). The water-soluble polymer layer (2) is made of a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The barrier layer (3) is made of silicon oxide or silicon oxynitride. The barrier layer (3) is formed on the water-soluble polymer layer (2) by a CVD process with the supply of a raw material gas containing a precursor of a substance that forms the barrier layer (3), an ozone gas with an oxygen concentration of 20 vol % or higher and an unsaturated hydrocarbon gas to the water-soluble polymer layer (2).

Abstract: A laminated glass comprising an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, and an intermediate layer between the outer and inner glass sheets. The intermediate layer has a first busbar, a second busbar, and heating wires connecting the first and second busbars, and a sheet-like substrate supporting the heating wires. The intermediate layer further comprises an adhesive layer. A distance from a centre of the wires to a surface the outer glass sheet and a distance from the centre of the wires to a surface the inner glass sheet being different; and a distance from the centre of the wires to the inside surface of the outer glass sheet and a distance from the centre of the wires to the outside surface of the inner glass sheet being different, and the adhesive layer thickness or the substrate thickness, whichever is smaller, is not more than 400 micrometres.

Abstract: A system and process for forming a curved glass laminate article is provided. The process and system utilizes a separation material, such as solid lubricating material and/or a spray applied separation material that Applicant has determined reduces bending dot formation during co-sagging shaping of glass sheets. The bending dot reduction provided by the separation materials discussed herein is particularly seen when the pair of glass sheets have significantly different thicknesses and/or viscosities from each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to highly effective disinfecting or sterilising cloths with chlorine dioxide as the main active ingredient. For this, the chlorine dioxide is only generated shortly before use by bringing a cloth impregnated with a chlorite or chlorate salt in contact with a clearly defined amount of a suitable activation agent that is fluid or dissolved or admixed in a fluid, and prepackaged as a single dose, for the generation of chlorine dioxide. In a preferred embodiment, the impregnated cloth and the activation fluid are packaged in a common packaging unit and the activation occurs by breaking through a barrier separating the cloth or the cloths and the activation fluid. In a further preferred embodiment, the packaging is a moulded part having two packaging spaces separated from one another by removable barriers, which can be converted into a moulded part with only one chamber via simple pressure in one direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a methacrylic resin composition comprising 75 to 99.8 mass % of a methacrylic resin [A], 0.1 to 15 mass % of a UV absorber [B], and 0.1 to 10 mass % of a polymer [C] having an SP value of 6.0 to 9.7 (cal/cm3)1/2 calculated by the Fedors method.

Abstract: A speaker is disclosed, which comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system cooperating with the vibration system. The vibration system includes a speaker diaphragm, the speaker diaphragm comprises two surface layers compounded together and at least one intermediate layer positioned between the two surface layers, at least one of the surface layers is a thermoplastic polyester elastomer film layer, the at least one intermediate layer is an adhesive layer, the speaker diaphragm has Young's modulus of 5-700 MPa and an amplitude of 0.25 mm-1 mm, and the speaker has F0 of 150-1500 Hz. The speaker has a good sounding effect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-extinguishing power cable with microcapsules and a method for manufacturing the same. A method of manufacturing a self-extinguishing power cable with a microcapsule, the method includes applying a mixed solution of water-soluble adhesive, a magnetic powder and a swellable powder on one surface of a first nonwoven fabric; magnetically treating and drying the first nonwoven fabric; pressing one surface of a second nonwoven fabric on the one surface of the first nonwoven fabric to form a single nonwoven fabric; and forming the single nonwoven fabric into a neutral conductor water blocking layer of an electrical power cable to manufacture the electrical power cable, wherein the microcapsule is provided between the first nonwoven fabric and the second nonwoven fabric.

Abstract: A composite structure including a composite body having an outer surface, wherein the composite body is elongated along a span axis, and a detection layer connected to the outer surface of the composite body, the detection layer including a plurality of strips, wherein each strip comprises a plurality of glass fibers embedded in a matrix material, is elongated along a detection axis, the detection axis being substantially aligned with the span axis, and is spaced a non-zero distance apart from adjacent strips such that a discontinuity is defined between adjacent strips.

Abstract: A viscoelastic plastic interlayer intended to be arranged between two glass sheets of a glazing in order to provide it with vibroacoustic damping properties, includes two outer layers of thermoplastic adhesive, an inner layer arranged between the two outer layers, the inner layer having a loss factor tan ? greater than or equal to 1.6 at 20° C. and for a frequency range of between 2 kHz and 8 kHz, and first and second barrier layers arranged respectively between the outer layers and the inner layer 3, and composed of a viscoelastic plastic material.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a transparent fluoropolymer film includes, a vinyl fluoride polymer, 2 to 8 wt % of an acrylate polymer, and 0.1 to 4 wt % of a triazine UV absorber. After heating at 100° C. for 96 hours, the transparent fluoropolymer film has a 340 nm absorbance of at least 1.5. In a second aspect, a transparent multilayer film includes a polymeric substrate film and a fluoropolymer film. The fluoropolymer film includes a vinyl fluoride polymer, 2 to 8 wt % of an acrylate polymer and 0.1 to 4 wt % of a triazine UV absorber. After heating at 100° C. for 96 hours, the transparent fluoropolymer film has a 340 nm absorbance of at least 1.5.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semi-crystalline article from at least one pseudo-amorphous polymer including a poly aryl ether ketone, such as PEKK, including a softening step, wherein the at least one pseudo-amorphous polymer is heated to a temperature above its glass transition temperature to soften the polymer, and a crystallization step, wherein the at least one pseudo-amorphous polymer is heated to a temperature between its glass transition temperature and melting temperature, the pseudo-amorphous polymer being placed on a mold during either the softening step or the crystallization step before at least some crystallization takes place. The method results in articles demonstrating increased opacity, increased crystallinity, increased thermal resistance, improved chemical resistance, and improved mechanical properties over articles formed by traditional thermoforming processes.

Abstract: A window spacer may include a spacer substrate having two pane contact surfaces, an adhesive surface, and a glazing interior surface. A multilayer barrier film is in contact with the adhesive surface of the spacer substrate. The multilayer barrier film includes at least two first polymeric layers and at least two inorganic layers. The inorganic layers are separated by a second polymeric layer. The second polymeric layer has a thickness lower than 5 ?m, preferably lower than 4 ?m, more preferably having a thickness between 1 ?m and 4 ?m.

Abstract: An automotive laminated glass includes a thermoplastic interlayer film, a curved first glass sheet, and a curved second glass sheet. The thermoplastic interlayer film is disposed between the first and second glass sheets. The first glass sheet is a 0.7- to 3-mm thick non-chemically strengthened glass sheet including a convex-side first main surface and a concave-side second main surface facing the thermoplastic interlayer film. The second glass sheet is an ion-exchanged, 0.3- to 1.5-mm thick chemically strengthened glass sheet including a convex-side third main surface facing the thermoplastic interlayer film and a concave-side fourth main surface. The second glass sheet is thinner than the first glass sheet, and is adjusted to have a curvature equal to the curvature of the first glass sheet. A compressive stress layer on the concave-side fourth main surface is thicker than a compressive stress layer on the convex-side third main surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a film for use in a resilient floor covering, wherein the film comprises (a) a first layer and (b) a second layer and wherein the first layer has a Shore D hardness of 60 to 80 at 20° C. and the second layer has a Shore D hardness of 40 to 65 at 20° C. Also provided is a composite laminate floor covering comprising the film of the invention. Also provided is a floor tile comprising the film of the invention.

Abstract: A laminated product (10) comprises at least: a layer (1) of silicone rubber, in particular of the high temperature crosslinking type, such as, for example, a silicone rubber of VMQ or PVMQ grade the said layer (1) of silicone rubber being sandwiched between two layers (2) of fibre-resin composite comprising filaments (3) of an inorganic substance (4), in particular glass, embedded in a thermoset resin (5), such as, for example, a vinyl ester resin. The silicone layer has a thickness, denoted T1, of between 1.5 and 3 times the thickness T2 of each layer of fibre-resin composite, which is between 0.25 and 2 mm. Such a laminate may be used in the manufacture of a finished article, in particular of a non-pneumatic wheel or tire.

Abstract: The cushioning preform comprises two layers of foam material, e.g. polyethylene foam, laminated together in a laterally offset relation to one another, with or without a polyethylene film therebetween. Each of the foam layers is of rectangular cross-section has a surface section of greater density than the remaining section thereof. Rolls of the preform may be unrolled into a flattened condition on a substrate, such as a concrete floor, with a stepped edge of each unrolled preform overlaid by an adjacent unrolled preform and adhered thereto by a glue on the stepped edge.

Abstract: An automotive glazing unit includes a glazing and a system for allowing the glazing to be moved translationally with respect to a door of the vehicle. The glazing is curved and laminated and includes an exterior and an interior glass sheet and a plastic sheet between the exterior and interior glass sheets, each sheet having a peripheral edge face. The edge face of the interior glass sheet is located beyond the edge face of the plastic sheet and beyond the edge face of the exterior glass sheet over a portion of the length of the edge face of the interior glass sheet. The edge face of the interior glass sheet includes a protective layer on a portion of the length of that edge face of the interior glass sheet which is located beyond the edge face of the plastic sheet and beyond the edge face of the exterior glass sheet.

Abstract: A multilayer film comprises (a) two or more non-plasticized layers comprising lactic acid polymer and (b) one or more plasticized layers comprising lactic acid polymer and plasticizer sandwiched between the two or more lactic acid polymer layers; wherein the thickness of the one or more plasticized layers comprises from about 60% to about 70% of the total thickness of the multilayer film.

Abstract: Provided is a strand board with improved strength and water resistance. Reduction in productivity is prevented and characteristics of the strand board can be varied as desired while achieving certain strength and water resistance of the strand board. A strand board B is formed by stacking and laminating five strand layers 1 each formed by a large number of strands 5. The strand board B has substantially constant density distribution in the lamination direction of the strand layers 1. Three of the five strand layers 1 of the strand board B are high-density strand layers 1a having a higher density than the other strand layers 1, and the other strand layers 1 are low-density strand layers 1b.

Abstract: There are provided a multilayer light-blocking film and the like whose front and back surfaces are easy to discriminate while they have light-blocking layers having high optical density whose front and back are usually difficult to discriminate. A multilayer light-blocking film 100 has a multilayer structure comprising at least a substrate film 11, a light-blocking layer 21 provided on one major surface 11a side of this substrate film 11, and a light-blocking layer 31 provided on the other major surface 11b side, the light-blocking layer 21 and the light-blocking layer 31 have an optical density of 2.5 or more in total, and the difference between the 60-degree glossiness of the light-blocking layer 21 and the 60-degree glossiness of the light-blocking layer 31 is 0.1% or more and 9.9% or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aircraft window including a polyurethane including a reaction product of components including (a) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate; and (b) about 1 equivalent of 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol based upon the about 1 equivalent of the at least one polyisocyanate, and other aircraft window compositions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a curved joined glass sheet having excellent optical quality by adjusting a radius of curvature of a curved thick glass sheet and a radius of curvature of a curved thin glass sheet. The method includes preparing a curved thick glass sheet having a first radius of curvature, manufacturing a curved thin glass sheet having a second radius of curvature by heating and molding a flat plate thin glass sheet, providing a joining film or an adhesive agent between a concave surface of the curved thick glass sheet and a convex surface of the curved thin glass sheet, and elastically deforming the curved thin glass sheet to join the elastically deformed curved thin glass sheet so as to match with the concave surface of the curved thick glass sheet.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a heat-sealable composite liquid impervious, moisture-eliminating membrane with a metallic antimicrobial surface treatment including a compatibilized thermoplastic laminate structure, an integral inductive-welding element, and a metallic antimicrobial surface treatment. The method is provided with at least one scrim, a film exudate, a quantity of primary adhesive, at least one susceptor, and a quantity of flocking material, wherein the scrim, film exudate, and flocking material are composed of a compatibilized thermoplastic compound. The method is further provided with an optional metallic slurry, defining a thermoplastic-particulate emulsion configured to coat and embed into a subjected membrane section and fibrous materials when exposed to heat.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter relates to chemical and biological protective garments and ensembles (i.e., two-part garments that when worn together cover most of the human body) and composite fabrics used therein. The composite fabrics include embodiments having a fabric cover layer combined with a vapor protective layer.

Abstract: A laminated glazing for a vehicle or a building, includes an inner structural glass sheet having a surface compressive stress of between 400 and 1000 MPa with exchange depths of between 100 and 500, for example at least equal to 150 ?m and an outer structural glass sheet having a surface compressive stress of between 50 and 300 MPa with exchange depths of between 50 and 100 ?m, on condition that the product of the two is at most equal to 25 000 MPa·?m.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a method for forming a surface layer of a ceramic matrix composite (CMC) article. The technique includes depositing a slurry on a surface of an infiltrated CMC. The slurry includes a carrier material, a binder, a plasticizer, and solid particles. The solid particles include a plurality of fine ceramic particles defining a fine particle average size less than about 5 micrometers. The method further includes drying the slurry to form an article having an outer surface layer that includes the solid particles on the infiltrated CMC. The method further includes machining at least a portion of the outer surface layer of the article. The method further includes infiltrating the article with a molten infiltrant to form a composite article.

Abstract: A fibre-reinforced polymer component is provided which comprises a main portion comprising fibre-reinforced polymer and at least one surface and at least one raised feature extending from said surface. The at least one raised feature consists of non-reinforced polymer and is shaped to incur visually perceptible damage when the component is subject to an impact with an energy above a predetermined impact energy threshold and to resist an impact with an energy below the predetermined impact energy threshold. The at least one raised feature thus provides a clear visual aid as to when a component has experienced an impact with an energy above the impact energy threshold. Because the raised feature consists of polymer without fibre reinforcement, it is more fragile than the fibre-reinforced polymer main portion 204 and thus reduces the energy at which impacts may be detected.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a polymer composite film, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing a phthalocyanine compound with a polymer or its precursor and a liquid to form a slurry and forming the slurry into a wet film on a solid substrate, wherein the polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamide, polyoxadiazole, polybenzoxazole, polybenzobisoxazole, polythiazole, polybenzothiazole, polybenzobisthiazole, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), polybenzimidazole, polybenzobisimidazole, and combinations thereof; and (b) removing the liquid from the wet film and, in some embodiments, converting the precursor to the polymer to form the polymer composite film comprising from 0.1% to 50% by weight of the phthalocyanine compound dispersed in the polymer.

Abstract: A laminated glass includes an interlayer between an exterior glass plate and an interior glass plate; an information acquisition area; and a test area A specified in JIS R3212. The information acquisition area is positioned above the test area A. At least a part of a periphery of the information acquisition area is surrounded by a shielding layer formed of a colored ceramic layer. One of the exterior and interior glass plates is thicker at an upper end than at a lower end. Denoting a degree of thickness difference of the information acquisition area by ? and a degree of thickness difference of the test area A by ?, a ratio ?/? is greater than or equal to 1.01, where ? or ? is the ratio of thicknesses of the exterior and interior glass plates at the center of gravity of the corresponding area.

Abstract: A multilayer release liner for use in a roofing system, that includes a roofing membrane and an asphalt or bitumen adhesive. The multilayer release liner contains a core layer including PET, surrounded by several outer layers including at least two tie layers adhered to the core layer, and at least two polyolefin layers adhered to the tie layers. The multilayer release liner of the present invention is highly compatible with silicone and does not contain any ingredients that may interfere with the adhesion or cure of a silicone coating. The liner of the present invention also provides an effective oil barrier and minimizes oil migration and discoloration of the multilayer release liner from the adhesives used in roofing systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plasticizing composition comprising a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizing agent which comprises at least one diester having the general formula (I), derived from a diacid selected from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, ethylsuccinic acid, methylglutaric acid and mixtures thereof wherein: A is a C4 to C6 linear or branched aliphatic chain, and R is an alkyl, a cycloalkyl or an aryl. The plasticizing agent according to the present invention has a good performance for different types of formulations (foam, film and paste). Said plasticizer gels rapidly, has a very low viscosity, and ages very well. Efficient debubblizing is one of the key properties thereof. The foams prepared with said plasticizer have very low densities, a high expansion rate, and excellent qualities.

Abstract: An artificial leather sheet includes a substrate layer, a foaming layer formed on upper surfaces of the substrate layer, a surface layer formed on upper surfaces of the foaming layer, and a surface treatment layer formed on upper surfaces of the surface layer. The foaming layer includes a polyvinyl chloride resin, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, and a stabilizer. The surface layer includes the polyvinyl chloride resin, the plasticizer, and the stabilizer. The plasticizer is bis-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP) and di-isononyl adipate (DINA).