Abstract: A composite material formulated for slow release of a small molecule in seawater includes a porous inorganic oxide framework and micelles embedded within the pores of the framework. The micelles include a surfactant and a small molecule, the surfactant being present in the composite material at no more than 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight inorganic oxide, the composite material being stable in seawater for releasing the small molecule over at least 20 days.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, including a porous membrane including ceramic fibers crisscrossed in a network and pores formed by the ceramic fibers coalesced at intersection points, and a proton conductive polymer inside the pores.

Abstract: The present invention envisages a cleaning implement comprising a melamine foam preferably having a thickness of at least about 5 mm and a perfume source, processes for making them and methods for using them.

Abstract: A gas filled panel (GFP) intended for general use, especially in construction, mostly in prefabricated building envelopes, i.e., integrated facades. A panel of the first embodiment is characterized in that it is a two- or more-chamber panel made of at least approximately plan parallel chambers with a mutual distance larger than or equal 8 mm, preferably between 8 and 12 mm, filled with insulation gas, which is a binary or ternary mixture of gases from hydro-fluorocarbons (HFC), carbon dioxide and argon and the mixture has an average molecular mass higher than 50 and lower than 71. A panel of the second embodiment is characterized in that it is a three- or more-chamber panel made of at least approximately plan parallel chambers with a mutual distance larger than or equal 18 mm, preferably between 18 and 22 mm, filled with insulation gas, or a mixture of gases having an average molecular mass higher than 38 and lower than 50.

Abstract: A method and a porous article are provided. In said method, a porous article which comprises a matrix material in a solid state and pores therein, is processed at least some of the pores being open to an outer surface of the article. A flowing treatment substance is applied to the outer surface of the article and into at least some of the pores. The flowing treatment substance is allowed to react with the outer surface of the article and surfaces of said at least some of the pores such that a hydrophobic coating layer is established on surfaces thereof. An excess of the flowing treatment substance is removed from the article, and the hydrophobic coating layer established on the outer surface of the article is converted into a hydrophilic coating layer.

Abstract: An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of a binary azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (trans-HFO-1233zd) and a second component selected from the group consisting of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) and trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (trans-HFO-1234ze), and combinations of these and various uses thereof.

Abstract: Diamond bonded constructions include a diamond body comprising intercrystalline bonded diamond and interstitial regions. The body has a working surface and an interface surface, and may be joined to a metallic substrate. The body has a gradient diamond volume content greater about 1.5 percent, wherein the diamond content at the interface surface is less than 94 percent, and increases moving toward the working surface. The body may include a region that is substantially free of a catalyst material otherwise disposed within the body and present in a gradient amount. An additional material may be included within the body and be present in a changing amount. The body may be formed by high-pressure HPHT processing, e.g., from 6,200 MPa to 10,000 MPa, to produce a sintered body having a characteristic diamond volume fraction v. average grain size relationship distinguishable from that of diamond bonded constructions form by conventional-pressure HPHT processing.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for using particle templating, e.g., to produce composites, discrete particles, or the like. In some embodiments, the present invention generally relates to the production of particles using the interstitial spaces between templating elements in a template structure. For example, a plurality of templating elements, which can include colloidal particles, may be arranged to form a template structure. The interstices of the templating elements can provide regions in which a fluid may be introduced. The fluid may be hardened (e.g., solidified) in some cases, e.g., to form a composite comprising the templating elements and the interstitial segments. In certain embodiments, the template structure may then be broken down to release the hardened fluid, e.g., as a plurality of discrete particles.

Abstract: An article undergoing stimulus-induced deformation, that is capable of being driven rapidly and in large displacement in air, is provided. An article undergoing stimulus-induced deformation comprising, incorporated in a polymer material having a cell, a liquid crystal serving as a deformation source in a skeleton other than the cell.

Abstract: An article includes a membrane having pores and that is air permeable. A nanoparticle precursor is dispersed throughout the pores, and the nanoparticle precursor is responsive to a stimulus to form a catalytically active nanoparticle. An associated method is also provided.

Abstract: An infiltrated carbon foam composite and method for making the composite is described. The infiltrated carbon foam composite may include a carbonized carbon aerogel in cells of a carbon foam body and a resin is infiltrated into the carbon foam body filling the cells of the carbon foam body and spaces around the carbonized carbon aerogel. The infiltrated carbon foam composites may be useful for mid-density ablative thermal protection systems.

Abstract: A shaped body, particularly a sorbent shaped body, made of microporous and mesoporous adsorbents and of composite adsorbents is provided for, which shaped body employs a reduced proportion of binding agents. The binding agent added to the shaped body solidifies under the application of force, under which force non-uniformly distributed cavities are formed. The proportion of binding agent on the support forming the wall of the shaped body is higher than the proportion of binding agent inside the shaped body. By using modified alumosilicates and/or aluminum silicates with fluidic action during materials exchange and heat exchange, the shaped body provides for high space-time yields while storing heat and cold.

Abstract: A system for self-repairing matrices such as concrete or cementitous matrices, polymeric matrices, and/or fibrous matrices, including laminates thereof The system includes repair agents retained in and/or on vessels, such as hollow fibers, within the matrix. Upon impact, the vessel rupture, releasing the chemicals. For multi-layer laminates, the systems provides a total dynamic energetic circulation system that functions as an in situ fluidic system in at least one layer or area. The energy from the impact ruptures the vessels to release the chemical(s), and mixes the chemical(s) and pushes the chemical(s) and/or resulting compound through the matrix. The repair agents can withstand high temperatures, such as the heat of processing of many laminates, e.g., 250-350° F.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam article comprises a first lift, a second lift, and a pass-line therebetween. The polyurethane foam article comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate-reactive resin composition, an isocyanate, and an indicator dye in the presence of a blowing agent. The indicator dye imparts a color in the first and second lifts and at the pass-line at a first temperature below a decomposition temperature of the indicator dye. The indicator dye chemically decomposes to impart a change in color in the first and second lifts and at the pass-line at a second temperature which is at or above the decomposition temperature of the indicator dye.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte composite membrane and method of manufacturing the same. The composite membrane comprises a porous ceramic support having a top surface and a bottom surface. The porous ceramic support may be formed by laser micromachining a ceramic sheet or may be formed by electrochemically oxidizing a sheet of the base metal. A solid polymer electrolyte fills the pores of the ceramic support and preferably also covers the top and bottom surfaces of the support. Application of the solid polymer electrolyte to the porous support may take place by applying a dispersion to the support followed by a drying off of the solvent, by hot extrusion of the solid polymer electrolyte (or by hot extrusion of a precursor of the solid polymer electrolyte followed by in-situ conversion of the precursor to the solid polymer electrolyte) or by in-situ polymerization of a corresponding monomer of the solid polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A structural product comprising: one or more layers of a component lightened by the presence of cavities and made of steel manufactured article with multiple-cells configuration, that can be obtained from the integration of hermetically sealed tube-like units; a layer of other materials that embeds the lightened component so as to obtain a modular unit with a rectangular section; and an outer coating layer. Inside the cavities is present a compressed gas mainly helium, and/or vacuum.

Abstract: A composite formed by impregnating open cell foam having a plurality of foam cells with liquid adhesive, wherein the liquid adhesive fills most of the plurality of foam cells, wherein in an uncured state, the composite remains pliable and compressible, wherein in a cured state, the composite becomes rigid and is capable of adhering to a surface in contact therewith, and wherein in the uncured state, the composition responds to applied pressure to a surface of the composite by generating a counter pressure uniformly along the surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a porous resinous oil-retaining article, containing lubricating oil, which is excellent in the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil, has a high mechanical strength, and further allows the resin and the lubricating oil to be combined with each other according to a use and a specification. The present invention also provides a method of producing the resinous oil-retaining article. The resinous oil-retaining article comprises a resinous porous article having interconnected holes which are open to a surface of the resinous porous article; and an oil impregnated into the resinous porous article. The interconnected holes are formed by molding a resin containing a pore-forming substance into a molding and extracting a part of the pore-forming substance from the molding with a solvent which dissolves the pore-forming substance and does not dissolve the resin. An interconnected hole porosity of the resinous porous article is not more than 30%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bioceramic coated apparatus and method of forming the same. The apparatus may be a medical implant such as, for example, an orthopedic implant or a dental implant. The bioceramic coating is designed to increase tissue and/or bone growth upon implantation of the apparatus. The apparatus has a valve metal substrate having a nanoporous valve metal oxide surface layer. The nanoporous surface layer contains a plurality of nanopores. The nanopores have adsorbed phosphate ions on at least their interior surfaces. A bioceramic coating is formed on the nanoporous surface and anchored into the nanopores. Optionally, the nanopores are formed into a tapered shape in order to increase adhesion to the bioceramic coating.

Abstract: A vitrified grinding stone includes: abrasive grains; an inorganic binder that binds the abrasive grains; and air-communicating pores that are formed between the abrasive grains and the inorganic binder, micro-capsules that each encapsulate a lubricant and each have a diameter that is smaller than that of the air-communicating pore, being fixed on an inner wall surface of each of the air-communicating pores by an adhesive.

Abstract: An energy-attenuation structure comprising a core layer of cellular material. Substantially most of the cells of the cellular material are open cells, with those cells disposed in the central portion of the core layer being more open than are those cells disposed in outer portions of the core layer. The openness of the cells generally decreases from the interior of the core layer in a direction toward the outer portions. At least some of the cells of the core layer are filled with a liquid.

Abstract: A resilient structure comprising a carrier layer of open-cell, resilient urethane foam material. The foam material is substantially completely and uniformly impregnated with an impregnant comprising silicone. The impregnant is cured after said impregnation to produce a foamed, open cell, resilient structure wherein the open cells thereof partially comprise the carrier layer of urethane foam material and the silicone includes a filler. A method for producing a resilient structure comprising applying silicone onto a carrier layer of open-cell, resilient urethane foam material, substantially completely and uniformly impregnating the carrier layer with the silicone, and curing the silicone to produce a foamed open-cell, resilient structure wherein the open cells thereof partially comprise the foam material, wherein the structure exhibits properties of the silicone, and wherein the silicone includes a filler.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high capacity hydrogen storage material in which a plural mesopore channels and fractal networks of nanopore channels communicating therewith and connecting to the micropores are formed in a microporous material, wherein a plural metal particles are formed on the surface of the mesopore and nanopore channels and of the micropores. In another embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for making the hydrogen storage material through oxidizing the microporous material so as to form a plural mesopore channels and fractal networks of nanopore channels, both of which are connected to the micropores to form a base for the deposition of metal particles capable of decomposing hydrogen molecules into hydrogen atoms. The high capacity hydrogen storage material is capable of increasing the capacity of hydrogen storage, and besides, the oxidizing process for making the hydrogen storage material is simple and has merits of saving cost.

Abstract: A structure can be prepared comprising a substrate, such as a wall, ceiling or floor, and, as a non-covered layer applied thereon, a spray polyurethane foam. The foam formulation used to prepare the spray polyurethane foam includes a polyol component having a functionality equal to or greater than 2.1, an isocyanate component having a functionality equal to or greater than 2.7, an aromatic bromine-containing flame retardant agent, a phosphorus-containing flame retardant agent and a blowing agent. The structure containing the spray polyurethane foam is capable of passing the International Code Council Evaluation Service's Acceptance Criteria 377 Appendix X test without covering the spray polyurethane foam or coating the spray polyurethane foam with an intumescing coating, and therefore can be particularly useful in attics, crawl spaces, and other areas in which the foam would be exposed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resinous porous article having a high interconnected hole porosity and capable of retaining a large amount of a lubricating oil and does not rust iron and steel, even though an unextracted portion of a pore-forming substance bleeds out when the resinous porous article is used as parts which contact a metal portion or the like and a method of producing the resinous porous article. The resinous porous article is formed by a producing method of molding a resin containing the pore-forming substance into a molding, and extracting the pore-forming substance from the molding with a solvent which does not dissolve the resin therein. The resinous porous article has an interconnected hole porosity not less than 30%. The pore-forming substance consists of an alkali compound.

Abstract: A carbon foam composite including a carbon foam skeleton having a supplemental material therein, the composite useful for, inter alia, a variety of applications including applications requiring durability and water resistance. Also included is a method for making such carbon foam composite materials.

Abstract: A flip-chip mounting apparatus has a shield film (18) on the side of a pressurizing film (10b) of a tool protection sheet (10). When a semiconductor chip (1) is heated and pressurized via the tool protection sheet (10), the pressurizing film (10b) is released from a mold by a sheet fixing jig (9), and is expanded by a pressurizing/heating tool (11) to abut against an insulating resin film (5) protruding from the periphery of the semiconductor chip (1) and cure the insulating resin film (5) with an external pressure being applied.

Abstract: A composite molding, in particular for furniture construction, comprises a core layer and one or more further layers, where the core layer takes the form of a molded-foam molding, obtainable via fusion of prefoamed foam beads composed of expandable, thermoplastic polymer pellets comprising from 5 to 100% by weight of an AMSAN component (A) comprising a1) from 5 to 100% by weight (based on A) of a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer a2) from 0 to 95% by weight (based on A) of an ?-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer and/or ?-methylstyrene-styrene-acrylonitrile terpolymer; from 0 to 95% by weight of polystyrene (B), and from 0 to 95% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer (C) different from (A) and (B).

Abstract: Systems and methods for fabricating a wash durable material includes forming a substrate having strands with void spaces in the strands and between the strands; filling at least a part of the void spaces with nano-particles; and forming projections on the substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a laminated fabric with a structure in which a face textile is laminated on one side of a durable film with a temporary adhesive layer interposed therebetween and a back textile is laminated on the other side of the durable film with a durable adhesive layer interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A method of preparing an antimicrobial air filter comprising the steps of: soaking a porous material in a silver nanoparticle colloid; and coating the porous material embedded with silver nanoparticles with a silane quaternary ammonium polymer such that the loss of silver nanoparticles is reduced. The resultant filter may be used in an air treatment device.

Abstract: Coating array technology is demonstrated for applications in aircraft ice removal in-situ, and for submarine periscope head window to remove fouling and provide enhanced optical features. The coating arrays comprise a first layer and a second layer with an adhesive interface therebetween. The first layer separates from the second layer upon application of energy to the interface. The method is applicable to many areas including ship antifouling, medical antifouling (antibacterial), chemical biological warfare agent removal, anti-corrosion, etc. It can be applied to substrates including: ships, vehicles (cars), windows, walls of buildings, clothing, etc.

Abstract: High-viscosity aqueous emulsions of functional alkoxysilanes, condensed oligomers thereof, organopolysiloxanes, their preparation and use for the surface treatment of inorganic materials High-viscosity aqueous oil-in-water emulsion which comprises from 50 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the emulsion, of functional alkoxysilanes and/or condensed oligomers thereof and/or organoalkoxysiloxanes, at least one emulsifier and water and has a pH of from 5 to 9 and a mean droplet size of the disperse phase of less than 5 ?m, wherein the width of the droplet size distribution, expressed as the span (see formula (I)), is >1.5, preferably from 3 to 8. The preparation of the emulsions having the desired droplet size distribution is carried out in apparatuses having at least one pressure stage at a pressure of from 2 to 15 MPa. The emulsion can be used for hydrophobicizing porous mineral building materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functionalized adsorbent for removal of acid gases, which comprises a pore-expanded mesoporous support having a pore volume of between 0.7 and 3.6 cc/g, a median pore diameter of between 1 and 25 nm, and a BET surface area of between 500 and 1600 m2/g. The support is functionalized by addition of acid-gas reactive functional groups within the pores and external surface of said support material. Also provided are methods of manufacturing the adsorbent and methods of use.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having an excellent resistance property to contamination, particularly an excellent resistance property to microbial contamination, and a water treatment method using the composite semipermeable membrane. The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane comprising a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support and containing a polyamide-based resin obtained by reacting a polyfunctional amine component with a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein an antibacterial layer containing a silver-based antibacterial agent and a polymer component is formed on the skin layer directly or with other layer interposed therebetween, and the weight ratio between the silver-based antibacterial agent and the polymer component in the antibacterial layer is 55:45 to 95:5 (silver-based antibacterial agent:polymer component).

Abstract: A prefabricated, faced roofing board composite includes a first board layer made of a polymeric material or a predominantly polymeric material and a fire and weather resistant fiberglass-based facer bonded to a top major surface of the first board layer and forming a top major surface of the composite. The fiberglass-based facer is substantially impervious to the passage of hot gases of combustion, water, and water vapor through the thickness of the fiberglass-based facer. The faced composite can be a cover board, an insulation board; can include cover board and insulation board layers; and can include cover board, insulation board, and baseboard layers. A second fiberglass-based facer that is substantially impervious to the passage of hot gases of combustion through its thickness can form a bottom major surface of the composite.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for depositing agents relatively deep within pores of bio-char. Bio-char is first produced in an airtight oven by heating biomass feedstock. The bio-char is then cooled and steam is diffused into the pores of the bio-char. The steam-laden bio-char is immersed in a liquid bath containing soluble agents that are to be deposited in the pores of the bio-char. The liquid bath cools the char to below the condensation temperature of the steam, whereupon the condensing steam generates a partial vacuum within the pores, drawing the liquid into the pores. The bio-char is then removed from the liquid bath and dried so that the liquid within the pores evaporates, leaving behind the soluble agent. Accordingly, the invention yields bio-char that has soluble agent embedded relatively deep within its pores.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to materials that comprise organic frameworks. The disclosure also relates to materials that are useful to store and separate gas molecules and sensors.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a carbon composite is provided. The method includes providing a carbon-containing resin material to which an appropriate concentration of catalyst particles may be added. Thereafter, the catalyzed resin may be subject to a high temperature range, at which point carbon in the resin to begins to couple to the catalyst particles. Continual exposure to high temperature leads to additional attachment of carbon to existing carbon on the particles. Subsequently growth, within the resin material, of an array of carbon nanotubes occurs, as well as the formation of the composite material.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising a plurality of closed cells disposed on a surface of a substrate. Each of the closed cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and are configured to hold a medium therein. The apparatus also comprises a foam that contacts the closed cells. The foam has fluid walls that include a surfactant, and bubbles of the foam layer are filled with the medium.

Abstract: An article includes a porous membrane having pores, a first selectively permeable coating supported by the membrane and a component protective against delamination of the selectively permeable coating from the porous membrane and/or any other coatings applied thereto. The first selectively permeable coating includes an antichemical, antibiological, antiradiological and/or antimicrobial agent. The protective component may be provided alone, or as an element of the first selectively permeable coating, or, a second selectively permeable coating. A laminate and methods of providing these are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multilayer structure comprising a layer of humidity-dependent composition having a ratio of wet cup permeance to dry cup permeance greater than 10 and a layer of crystallizable polymer sufficiently permeable to oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor, exhibiting an increase in permeability to at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide by a factor of at least 2.5 over a temperature range of 10° C. between 0° C. and 40° C. Also disclosed are packaging materials comprising the multilayer structure and methods for storing respiring materials using the packaging materials.

Abstract: A high energy, e.g., ultraviolet (UV), catalyzed decomposing foam encapsulating a payload to be boosted in space provides an ultra-light weight, adaptable means to facilitate survival of much lighter, smaller satellites and space hardware under boost environment. The decomposable foam is to contain multiple satellites within a booster payload in lieu of the traditionally heavy and complex structural framework. The catalyzed decomposing foam significantly lowers the weight and structure of all space hardware. This packaging system is especially beneficial where several or even hundreds of satellites are required for a constellation system, thereby significantly benefiting all technologies applied in space, ranging from the telecommunication industry to DOD applications. In addition to weight and cost savings, advantages of this foam are many in that it is adaptable to any payload shape as it may be injected, sprayed, formed, molded, easily cut or manufactured to support any geometry required.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high capacity hydrogen storage material in which a plural mesopore channels and fractal networks of nanopore channels communicating therewith and connecting to the micropores are formed in a microporous material, wherein a plural metal particles are formed on the surface of the mesopore and nanopore channels and of the micropores. In another embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for making the hydrogen storage material through oxidizing the microporous material so as to form a plural mesopore channels and fractal networks of nanopore channels, both of which are connected to the micropores to form a base for the deposition of metal particles capable of decomposing hydrogen molecules into hydrogen atoms. The high capacity hydrogen storage material is capable of increasing the capacity of hydrogen storage, and besides, the oxidizing process for making the hydrogen storage material is simple and has merits of saving cost.

Abstract: Flame resistant, selectively permeable laminates are provided. In various embodiments, the laminates are useful for fabrication as a protective article and are both flame resistant and substantially impermeable to hazardous chemical and biological agents, but sufficiently permeable to water vapor that, if worn as protective apparel, it is both protective and comfortable to wear.

Abstract: A method of loading at least one fused silica article with hydrogen. At least one fused silica article is first loaded with an amount of hydrogen so that the hydrogen concentration at the center of the article exceeds a minimum concentration upon completion of loading. An amount of hydrogen is the removed from the fused silica article so that the fused silica article has an average hydrogen concentration that is less than the maximum average concentration limit. The surface region of the fused silica article is then reloaded to ensure that the hydrogen concentration throughout the article is within a predetermined pressure range. A fused silica article comprising hydrogen is also described.

Abstract: A microporous fire resistant film coated or laminated composite textile may be uses as an upholstery fabric or mattress ticking which provides an air permeable microporous barrier to liquid, allergen or pathogen particle, or biological organism penetration. The microporous cellular structure of the coated or laminated film backing may provide a high capacity reservoir which may contain additives such as antimicrobial, UV absorbing, scent dispersing, or organism repelling particles or other functional agents, while maintaining superior barrier and air permeability properties in the finished product constructions. Applications may include any seating and bedding products where a combination of two or more of the above properties is desired.

Abstract: A high energy, e.g., ultraviolet (UV), catalyzed decomposing foam encapsulating a payload to be boosted in space provides an ultra-light weight, adaptable means to facilitate survival of much lighter, smaller satellites and space hardware under boost environment. The decomposable foam is to contain multiple satellites within a booster payload in lieu of the traditionally heavy and complex structural framework. The catalyzed decomposing foam significantly lowers the weight and structure of all space hardware. This packaging system is especially beneficial where several or even hundreds of satellites are required for a constellation system, thereby significantly benefiting all technologies applied in space, ranging from the telecommunication industry to DOD applications. In addition to weight and cost savings, advantages of this foam are many in that it is adaptable to any payload shape as it may be injected, sprayed, formed, molded, easily cut or manufactured to support any geometry required.

Abstract: An article includes a membrane having pores and a selectively permeable coating supported by the membrane. The selectively permeable coating includes an antimicrobial agent in an amount that is sufficient to chemically react with a chemical or microbial agent to reduce the biological activity of the chemical or microbial agent or increase an amount of time for a significant amount of unreacted biologically active chemical or microbial agent to pass through the article. A laminate and methods of providing these are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a functional sheet including a first substrate applied or impregnated with an active ingredient, which is to be used in low temperature water at 0° C. to 30° C., wherein the active ingredient is to be physically or chemically adsorbed on a second substrate in the low temperature water, and remain on the second substrate after removal of the low temperature water, as the first substrate, a substrate having a water contact angle of 90° or less is used so that 70% or more of the active ingredient applied or impregnated to the first substrate can be released in the low temperature water at 0° C. to 30° C. within 5 minutes; and another functional sheet including a first substrate applied or impregnated with an active ingredient, which is to be used in low temperature water at 0° C. to 30° C.