Abstract: The method grows a mycelial mass over a three-dimensional lattice such that a dense network of oriented hyphae is formed on the lattice. Growth along the lattice results in mycelium composite with highly organized hyphae strands and allows the design and production of composites with greater strength in chosen directions due to the organized nature of the supporting mycelia structure.

Abstract: A system for growing fungi, the system comprising a nutritive vehicle, a porous material, an administrable space, fungal tissue comprising fungal hyphae having a growth pattern, the fungal tissue connecting said nutritive vehicle to said porous material to said administrable space, wherein the fungal tissue within said space defines at least one successive fungal material layer; and a chemically or physically altered separated portion of fungal material, the separated portion separated from said fungal tissue.

Abstract: A system for growing fungi, the system comprising a nutritive vehicle, a porous material, an administrable space, fungal tissue comprising fungal hyphae having a growth pattern, the fungal tissue connecting said nutritive vehicle to said porous material to said administrable space, wherein the fungal tissue within said space defines at least one successive fungal material layer; and a chemically or physically altered separated portion of fungal material, the separated portion separated from said fungal tissue.

Abstract: A molding system for forming an inoculated lignocellulose based medium into a fungal molded shape, the molding system comprising a vessel within which environmental conditions are regulated, the vessel comprising an inoculated lignocellulose based medium capable of supporting growth of saprophytic fungi without any secondary organisms displacing the process through infection a secondary organic material layered near the top and bottom of the inoculated lignocellulose based medium, a hard mold containing the flexible vessel; and a compressive system for applying a primary compressive pressure of at least 10 PSI to the lignocellulose based medium such that it takes on a fungal molded shape.

Abstract: Laminated barrier films that include a PECVD barrier coating of diamond-like carbon are disclosed, along with a method of manufacturing such films, and edge-covering strips made from such films, in particular intended for liquid carton packaging are disclosed. Packaging containers that include the edge-covering strip and in particular to a packaging container intended for liquid food packaging are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a breathable hybrid leather includes: a raw material supply step of supplying the natural leather of recycled leather; a step of applying a hot-melt adhesive to the upper surface of the leather raw material; a bonding step of supplying a fabric to the upper surface of the adhesive layer and applying heat and pressure to the leather raw material, the adhesive layer, and the fabric to obtain a bonded fabric; and a step of ironing and coating the bonded fabric a plurality of times.

Abstract: A shell structure including a casing and a frame is provided. The casing includes an elastic material structure and a fiber structure, wherein the fiber structure is intermixed with the elastic material structure, and the casing has at least two sides adjacent to each other. The frame is wrapped by the casing, wherein the casing and the frame have at least one buffering space therebetween, and the buffering space is aligned to a border between the two sides. In addition, a manufacturing method of the shell structure is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an at least two-layered board. The board has a carrier layer, which consists at least partly of wood or lignocellulose-containing particles or fibers, and at least one coating, which consists of a WPC material and which is arranged on at least one face of the carrier layer. The method has the following steps: providing a finished carrier board (30) which forms the carrier layer; providing a WPC coating material, for example in the form of a granulate (32), on at least one of the two surfaces of the carrier board (30); and pressing the WPC coating material and the carrier board (30) under the influence of heat and pressure.

Abstract: A method for stem or progenitor cell culture. More precisely, the invention relates to a method for cell culture using one or more I?I (inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor or inter-alpha inhibitor) protein(s) or part(s) thereof as a component in a cell culture media or a coating on a cell culture surface material. Furthermore the invention relates to a cell culture media and a cell culture coating/matrix provided with one or more I?I proteins(s) or part(s) thereof.

Abstract: A method for stem or progenitor cell culture. More precisely, the invention relates to a method for cell culture using one or more I?I (inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor or inter-alpha inhibitor) protein(s) or part(s) thereof as a component in a cell culture media or a coating on a cell culture surface material. Furthermore the invention relates to a cell culture media and a cell culture coating/matrix provided with one or more I?I proteins(s) or part(s) thereof.

Abstract: A cell housing is disclosed. The cell housing may include a case extending between a first side, a second side, an open top end and an integrated bottom end. The cell housing may additionally include a body extending between an inner surface and an outer surface and the body may include a first layer comprising a first three-dimensional network of fibers including ?-glucan and chitin, a second layer comprising a second three-dimensional network of fibers including ?-glucan and chitin and include a plurality of cellulosic fibers positioned between the first layer and the second layer.

Abstract: The mat is formed of a saprophytic fungal strain and/or budding yeast, and a mass of particles wherein the fungus is characterized in producing an enzyme capable of breaking down polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In a second embodiment, a mass of pellets is made from the mat for use in absorbing liquid animal waste.

Abstract: A polyethylene article comprises crystalline polyethylene in an orthorhombic unit cell. The b-axes of the crystalline polyethylene are substantially aligned with the machine direction of the article. In particular, the Herman's index of the b-axes in the machine direction is greater than zero and greater than the Herman's indices of the b-axes in both the transverse and normal directions. The unique physical attributes exhibited by a polyethylene article having this new morphology are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the use of cellulosic materials, such as wood, paper, etc., or synthetic polymeric materials, such as a thermoplastic, rubber, etc., or a composite containing one or more of these materials as feedstock barrels for the process of injection molding of metallic glasses by rapid capacitor discharge forming (RCDF) techniques.

Abstract: A hollow panel including a hollow central board or body and two external sheets forming a sandwich, the central body being made of wood fiber and glues and made in a mold, the mold having an uneven surface with oblique walls and truncated vertices where, the external sheets, made form the same material as the central body, are joined using the same glues, and the mold has a fixed peripheral frame, a thrust platform and a heating plate with a serrated plate to which another, similar plate is brought close such that the two serrated plates constitutes the mold, where the latter plate is rigidly secured to the upper hot plate of the press for forming the central board or body, and the teeth of the two plates are offset in a staggered pattern, and do not meet, to form the uneven surface with the desired thickness.

Abstract: Spirally wound paper products are disclosed having desirable roll bulk, firmness and softness properties. The rolled products can be made from single ply tissue webs formed according to various processes.

Abstract: A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non-reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na-NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

Abstract: A formulation includes a polymeric material, a nucleating agent, a blowing agent, and a surface active agent. The formulation can be used to form a container.

Abstract: A core layer is formed by bonding a plurality of wooden plates together by using an adhesive. The core layer is cut into a predetermined shape having notches. The core layer is placed on a die of a pressing machine by being positioned by using the notches and pins placed on the die. The core layer is press molded to firmly hold the pin by the outer edge of the notch and to harden the adhesive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a biomaterial and/or a biocomposite based on sunflower seed shells/husks. According to the invention, it is proposed that sunflower seed shells/husks are used instead of wood, bamboo or other wood-like fibre products as the original material for the biocomposite products and are used for the production of such products in order to improve the previous biomaterials, and in particular also to design said materials for improved cost efficiency and to improve their material properties.

Abstract: A container includes a body, a liner attached to the interior of the body, a lid dimensioned to attached to the top of the liner, and a perimeter seal attached to the lid. The lid includes a hole and the perimeter seal includes a region dimensioned to create a friction fit when disposed in the hole. Each of the body, the liner, and the lid may include a paper pulp coated with a biodegradable, organically derived, plastic resin. Methods of constructing the container are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fully compostable container is provided having an enclosed body with an opening through an interior surface and an exterior surface. The enclosed body having a plant fiber structural layer configured to biodegrade in ambient conditions into nontoxic residue and a fluid barrier layer formed on a first side of the structural layer to form the interior surface of the enclosed body, the fluid barrier layer configured to biodegrade in ambient conditions into nontoxic residue. The container is gradually biodegradable when exposed to a set of factors in a natural environment and has a shelf life of six months when stored under standard commercial conditions.

Abstract: A novel tubular or profile shapes of co-extruded multilayer polymers. These materials contain tens to thousands of layers of micro- to nano-polymer layers. These new shapes contain contiguous layers of milli- to nano-polymer layers in three dimensions and these contiguous layers may be twisted or turned to further expand the potential microlayer geometries.

Abstract: A system and method for installation of “solid edge banding” for the exposed edges of kitchen and bath cabinetry to provide a finished look and aesthetic appeal is disclosed. The solid edge banding can be used on framed cabinets, frameless cabinets, cabinets with end skin-panels and shelves. The disclosed system and method can also be used to reface cabinetry without the use of tools, adhesives or specialized labor, and further without the need for replacement of the base, wall and tall cabinet boxes, and while keeping countertops and appliances intact and untouched. The solid edge banding can also be used in conjunction with ready-to-assemble furniture and closet organizers.

Abstract: A stuffed article, for example a toy, flying disk, bed, or etc., and manufacturing methods of such are disclosed which has volume and which upon destruction by an animal will not release stuffing as with most common stuffed toys, flying disks, or beds. The article is made from at least one material such as fabric, canvas, denim, nylon, fleece, rubber, plastic, leather, rawhide, animal parts, fiber (or other pliable material) which, through the article's configuration and manufacturing process is filled with the same type of material used to form the outer layers, multiple layers may be used for increased strength, and specifically the inner cavity contains material which is one and the same type of material as the outer layer(s).

Abstract: A housing component of a handheld electronic device, the housing component comprising a cellular material which has a density of from 0.02 to 0.6 g/cc and a Young's modulus of from 32 to 5500 Mpa, the cellular material being three-dimensionally shaped to form a substantially resilient body. There is also disclosed a method of manufacturing a housing component of a handheld electronic device, the method comprising the steps of: a. providing a cellular material; and b. three-dimensionally shaping the cellular material to form a substantially resilient body in the form of a housing component of a handheld electronic device.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to monolayer, bilayer, and multilayer films made from fruit, vegetable or a combination thereof, which films have the thinness, strength, flexibility, and crispness to serve as alternates or substitutes for seaweed-based films such as nori, while providing the nutrition and flavor of fruits and vegetables. The films are useful for wrapping around a multiplicity of foods, and can be used to provide wrapped foods, including for example fruit and vegetable wrapped sushi and onigiri.

Abstract: A Surround (11) designed to (a) encircle, enclose, obscure, shroud or cloak the base of upright objects like Christmas trees, support columns, and potted plants (FIG. 2) or (b) attach to and encircle a portion of objects like lamp posts, sign posts, and support columns (FIG. 4). The Surround can be comprised of any number of vertical sides with panels (12) connected together with flaps (13) on the top that reduce the size of the top opening. Addition flaps (34) on the bottom of the panels would reduce the size of the bottom opening and facilitate positioning the Surround (32) above ground. The surfaces of Surround panels (33) and flaps are adorned with decoration or information, or left plain for user decoration or information. The Surround includes hinged, bending, or folding connections along with assembly connectors. The Surround is installed by forming and connecting it around an upright object.

Abstract: A molded article comprising sugar beet pulp is provided. In addition a method of making the such molded articles is described. Such articles are particularly useful in the packaging of food; and for medical applications where molded articles are needed.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include insulation used to insulate elongated members, such a pipe or duct, as examples. The insulation can address a number of features, including but not limited to expansion and compression of insulation material, expansion and compression of the elongated member insulated, and the ability to adapt the insulation for elongated member of different sizes and lengths. In one embodiment, the insulation is comprised of at least one plank comprised of a flexible polymeric foam configured to be wrapped around an elongated member. In order for the insulation to self-adjust to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction of the foam material, the plank is comprised of a plurality of flexible polymeric foam profiles. At least one flexible polymeric foam spacer may also be provided that self-adjusts to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction of the elongated member to prevent or reduce gaps in insulation.

Abstract: A biodegradable component for a package for storing and dispensing a cosmetic product or a beauty care product is made from compressed fibrous biomass bound by a cosmetically compatible and compostable binder.

Abstract: A protective cover for an exposed end of a rebar has a collar with a closed end and an open end and a cap disposed within the collar. The cap has a closed end and an open end that is exposed to the open end of the collar such that an end of a rebar that is introduced into the open end of the collar will extend into the open end of the cap.

Abstract: A hollow panel including a hollow central board or body and two external sheets forming a sandwich, the central body being made of wod fiber and glues and made in a mold, the mold having an uneven surface with oblique walls and truncated vetices where, the external sheets, made form the same material as the central body, are joined using the same glues, and the mold has a fixed peripheral frame, a thrust platform and a heating plate with a serrated plate to which another, similar plate is brought close—such that the two serrated plates constitutes the mold, where—the latter plate is ridigly secured to the upper hot plate of the press for forming the cnetral board or body, and the teeth of the two plates are offset in a staggered pattern, and do not meet, to form the uneven surface with the desired thickness.

Abstract: Stiffened thin-walled natural fibre composite product having first fibre yarns (A), each first fibre having a first thickness, and second fibre yarns (B) having a second thickness larger than the first thickness. At least one side of said product is even. Applications for a seat post; a bicycle saddle; a bicycle frame; a bicycle handle bar; a baseball bat; a piece of furniture; a paddle; or a sheet for automotive applications.

Abstract: A duct liner includes an insulation layer and a facing. The insulation layer having a first edge surface, a second edge surface that is spaced apart from the first edge surface, and a first and second face surfaces that extend from the first edge surface to the second edge surface. The facing is disposed on the first face surface, such that the first face surface is entirely covered by the facing. The facing is disposed on the first and second edge surfaces, such that the first and second edge surfaces are entirely covered by the facing. Two spaced apart strips of the facing are disposed on and cover a portion of the second face surface adjacent to the first and second edge surfaces, such that a portion of the second face surface between the strips is uncovered by the facing.

Abstract: A core layer is formed by bonding a plurality of wooden plates together by using an adhesive. The core layer is cut into a predetermined shape having notches. The core layer is placed on a die of a pressing machine by being positioned by using the notches and pins placed on the die. The core layer is press molded to firmly hold the pin by the outer edge of the notch and to harden the adhesive.

Abstract: A composite member provides support to a structure. A wooden core of the composite member has a perimeter and a length. The wooden core provides support to the structure. A metal jacket is tightly wrapped to an optimum circumferential pre-stress around the entire perimeter of the wooden core of the composite member and spans the entire length. The metal jacket provides also support to the structure. Furthermore, the interaction between the wooden core and the metal jacket provide a combination of strength that surpasses the sum of individual strengths.

Abstract: Biodegradable disposable flatware and utensils manufactured from wood-based or plant-based raw materials, including materials that may be traditionally discarded such as sawdust, plant stalks, seed or grain hulls or the like. The process includes the use of a resin made from the discarded materials to form disposable utensils and flatware.

Abstract: A hollow wooden football comprised of multiple pieces to be used as a display piece.

Abstract: A three-dimensional structure composed of pliable elements and having affixed seams is provided. The structure may comprise duffel bags, backpacks, shoe uppers, etc. The structure has a bottom panel with a first terminal bottom portion and a first end panel with a terminal end portion. As well, the first terminal bottom portion and the terminal end portion are affixed to each other in a flattened, two-dimensional arrangement by a variety of attachment methodologies including a thermoplastic elastomer strip. Two-dimensional construction saves time and helps to reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A biodegradable package includes a shaped body formed from a composition that contains: (i) a source of starch; (ii) a strengthening agent; (iii) a binding agent; (iv) a plasticizer; and a moisture-impermeable film covering at least a portion of the shaped body.

Abstract: A honeycomb-shaped panel is formed from a plurality of generally sinusoidally shaped strips of molded fiberboard material each having spaced, oppositely directed flat peaks, the peaks of adjacent strips being secured together to form a plurality of hexagonally shaped cells extending perpendicular to the surfaces of the sheet. The strips may be cut from a single sheet of corrugated fiberboard sheet material and then secured together to form the honeycomb panel, or a plurality of such panels may be secured together face to face with their ribs aligned to form a stack, and selected cuts may be made through the secured, stacked panels to form a plurality of honeycomb panels of desired surface shape and height dimensions. The strips forming the cells are substantially rigid and resistant to collapse of the cells, and form a substantially rigid core when assembled between two flexible fiberboard skins, while the panel is bendable to adopt a desired panel curvature.

Abstract: In order to reduce the wall thickness of housing parts produced by means of plastic injection molding and equipped with decorative layers, such as battery covers of mobile devices, it is recommended to change to a starting material that is a fiber composite material equipped on one side with the decorative layer, from which starting material the housing part is formed in a deep drawing process. Even if a thick decorative layer the outer surface of which is highly embossed for haptic reasons is applied, the resulting wall thickness remains far below the wall thickness for a housing part that can be produced by means of injection molding. An even further reduction of the wall thickness is achieved if a fiber composite material is used as the deep drawing starting material for the shaped part, the decorative material being directly foamed or injected onto the surface of the fiber composite material.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a resin-coated metal sheet that exhibits excellent trimming property at the time of being formed into a seamless can, and is capable of providing a seamless can that closely adheres to the printing ink and exhibits excellent abrasion resistance. [Means for Solution] A resin-coated metal sheet including a metal sheet and a layer of a polyester resin which chiefly comprises an ethylene terephthalate unit formed on at least one surface of the metal sheet, wherein the polyester resin is a blend of a lowly crystalline polyester resin and a highly crystalline polyester resin.

Abstract: A moulded article comprising sugar beet pulp is provided. In addition a method of making the such moulded articles is described. Such articles are particularly useful in the packaging of food; and for medical applications where moulded articles are needed.

Abstract: A biodegradable environmentally friendly material, a container and method of manufacturing. The components and weight percentages of the material or the container include: plant straw powder 50-70%, melamine 20-30%, polypropylene hot melt adhesive 2-6%, polyethylene glycol 5-8%, hexamethylene tetramine 0.5-1%, talc powder 2-6%. The method of manufacturing includes: the components are mixed in proportion and blended uniformly to obtain the mixed powder. The mixed powder is put into a mold with a temperature of 140-160° C. and pressed into necessary shapes to obtain the finished products. The finished products are disinfected and packaged. The biodegradable environmentally friendly material, the container and the method of manufacturing provide good temperature resistance, good corrosion resistance, good strength, difficult to rupture, simple production process, low cost, low energy consumption and high efficiency.

Abstract: Fibers having a plurality of colored regions printed on front and rear sides of said fiber are disclosed, wherein the colors are visible only under ultra-violet light. The regions may be in the form of stripes or may be arranged in a pseudo-random pattern. The regions may be differently colored. Such fibers can be incorporated into paper products as a form of counterfeit protection.

Abstract: Disclosed are a sedative for external use, and sedative sheet, and textile, clothing, wall material, and hyperthermia equipment, brain vitalization sheet, brain vitalization small pillow which are with high productivity, adaptive for various shape and various treatment style for patients with pain, and with high treatment effect, comparing with conventional sedative for external use. A sedative for external use 10 is provided which is a bag 2 containing desert rose powder 1 prepared by pulverizing desert rose.

Abstract: A blow-molded composite and method of making the same is provided. The composite includes first and second fibrous layers and first and second film layers. The first fibrous layer includes randomly oriented fibers dispersed throughout the thickness of the layer and has first and second surfaces. The first film layer has first and second surfaces such that the second surface of this layer is bonded to the second surface of the first fibrous layer. The second film layer has first and second surfaces as well, but only a portion of the first surface is bonded to the first surface of the first film layer. At least one cavity exists between the first and second film layers. The second fibrous layer also comprises randomly oriented fibers dispersed throughout the thickness of the layer and has first and second surfaces. The first surface of the second fibrous layer is bonded to the second surface of the second film layer.

Abstract: A method of making a hardened elongate structure, including growing a live mycelium mat having branching hyphae. The live mycelium mat is layered to form a multi-layered structure. The hyphae are allowed to grow inward into the multi-layered structure such that the hyphae are interwoven throughout the multi-layered structure. The multi-layered structure is cured to terminate mycelium growth.