Abstract: Carbon or inorganic fibers are wound up cylindrically so as to have numerous intersections to each other. They are bound integrally to each other at points including their intersections to form cylindrical component parts which may be used within an extremely high-temperature furnace, such as when used as parts of belt conveyors and trays for carrying articles to be treated within the furnace. The cylinders thus made are comparatively thin and extremely light in weight, while they are afforded with a tensile strength sufficiently high enough to stand against loads exerted thereupon in the furnace.

Abstract: Zeolite-impregnated pads useful for filtering and removing ammonia from fluids and for enhancing plant growth and microbial activity comprise a nonwoven polymer pad having zeolite bonded substantially throughout the pad by a non-toxic adhesive composition. In addition, methods for removing ammonia from fluids comprise passing fluid through zeolite-impregnated pads, and methods for growing plants in situ and methods for growing bacteria comprise using zeolite-impregnated pads to enhance growth.

Abstract: An elastomeric nonwoven absorbent web is provided. The web comprises a nonwoven fibrous matrix of elastomeric melt-blown small diameter fibers and absorbent staple fibers or absorbent particulate material, wicking staple fibers, and bulking staple fibers dispersed throughout the matrix. This web is particularly useful in an absorbent elastomeric wound dressing. The wound dressing has a fluid permeable, compliant, low adherency wound contacting layer, an intermediate conformable, fluid-absorbent element, i.e., the elastomeric nonwoven absorbent web, and a soft, compliant cover layer.

Abstract: In a cushion which uses synthetic cotton formed of curled polyester fibers, the synthetic cotton is a mixture of first and second fibers having two different thicknesses. The fibers are three-dimensionally intertwined with air-passing space. The first fibers have the denier value of 20 or more, while the second fibers have the denier value of less than 20. The first and second fibers are mixed in the ratio of 0.5 to 2:1 by weight. These fibers of the synthetic cotton are bound at their intersections by means of a polyurethane binder such that the air-passing space is maintained.

Abstract: Highly oriented sheets are prepared by hot pressing a warp of filaments of liquid crystal polymers and optionally heat strengthening.

Abstract: Processes for preparing fiber reinforced thermoplastic articles are provided, for example, thermoplastic fibers and reinforcement fibers can be intermingled to produce a composite yarn, which is used to weave a fabric, then the fabric heated to produce a reinforced article. As another example, thermoplastic yarn and reinforcement yarn can be woven together to produce a composite fabric, which, upon heating, produces a reinforced article.

Abstract: A fiber containing aggregate, for example, a filler material for covers or pillows, for cushioning or as a filter is described, together with a process for its preparation.In order to provide an aggregate wherein the fibers are located and distributed three-dimensionally in the manner desired, and, if so desired, remain in such a distribution and which has improved properties in particular as a filler material, it is proposed to place an assembly of spherically entangled fibers and/or filaments into a form desired and to bond the fiber balls to each other.The fiber balls are joined together in particular by means of binder fibers, which may consist of, for example, melting fibers, soluble fibers or adhesive fibers. Melting fibers have a melt-on temperature which is lower than the melt-on temperature of other fibers of the aggregate and are activated by the application of heat.

Abstract: A spherical fiber aggregate, in particular as a filler and cushioning material of spherically entangled fibers and/or filaments, is described. In order to provide fiber balls of this generic type, having improved properties specifically for use as a filler material, it is proposed that the fiber balls contain a mixture of principal fibers and binder fibers. The binder fibers are connected with the principal fibers at their intersections.According to one embodiment, the binder fibers are two-component fibers, wherein one of the components has in particular a strong bearing modulus and preferably only one component has a binder effect.Due to the binder fibers, a three-dimensionally bonded network of all of the fibers is present in the fiber balls.

Abstract: A nonwoven thermal insulating stretch fabric is provided. The fabric comprises 10 to 90 weight percent elastomeric melt blown microfiber web, the microfibers having an average diameter of less than about 25 micrometers, and 10 to 90 weight percent crimped bulking fibers. The microfibers are bonded to the bulking fibers at points of contact and the fabric has substantially uniform stretch properties such that the fabric will recover to at least 90 percent of the original dimensions within one hour after being elongated to 125 percent of the original length.

Abstract: Disclosed are high loft nonwoven fabric composites, suitable for use as coverstock in absorbent personal care articles, that are composed of at least two carded webs of bicomponent thermoplastic resin fibers, wherein the fibers making up at least one web are at least in part flat-crimped bicomponent fibers. Also disclosed is a method of making such laminates by a process that involves thru-air bonding.

Abstract: A blend of conventional carpet fibers (e.g. nylon fibers) and high shrinkage fibers (e.g. acrylic fibers) is described. Saxony carpet made from the blend has better appearance retention characteristics than corresponding saxony carpet made from the conventional carpet fibers.

Abstract: A nonwoven fibrous batt which is formed by a dry process. The batt is formed by contacting any suitable fiber with an interpolymer of vinylidene chloride and an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate. The batt may be formed into a variety of articles.

Abstract: This invention relates to an automobile headliner which is formed from a batt of polymeric fibers compressed and molded into a predetermined contoured shape. The headliner is characterized by being of a highly deformable resilient construction to facilitate installation in the vehicle. More specifically, the fibers forming the batt are bonded together at a multiplicity of locations which impart a self-supporting molded rigidity which allows the headliner to retain its shape in the installed condition in the vehicle, yet rendering the same highly deformable and resilient to allow it to be rolled or folded upon itself during installation and to thereafter resiliently recover to its original molded shape.

Abstract: Agglomerates of acrylic fibers with improved dispersability in viscous organic or inorganic matrices constituted by at least 10 fibers bonded to each other, and wherein each fiber has a diameter shorter than 50 microns and a length higher than 3 mm.

Abstract: Blends of polyester fiberfill and binder fiber, wherein the fiberfill is coated with a hydrophilic poly(alkylene oxide) type finish that cures on to the polyester fibers and so provides improved properties in the eventual bonded product, including combinations of improved durability, soft hand, good bonding, reduced flammability and improved moisture transport.

Abstract: A multilayer printed circuit board in which multiple layers of a composite material, fabricated by the lay-up of an aramid fiber tape, are employed to provide a circuit board with a desired coefficient of thermal expansion. Tape lay-up of aramid fibers provides a composite layer having a lower thermal coefficient of expansion than a composite layer fabricated from woven aramid fibers. Degradation in the tensile modulus of elasticity caused by the over and under characteristics of woven fabrics is also eliminated by tape lay-up, thus providing a circuit board with better mechanical strength. In addition, tape lay-up reduces the amount of resin required to fabricate the circuit board and eliminates the need for twisting the aramid fibers into yarns and then weaving the yarns, thus reducing the cost of the circuit board.

Abstract: A carbon bonded carbon fiber composite having a surface area greater than about 10 m.sup.2 /g, and a compressive strength of about 20 psi or higher provides excellent filtering capacity in an activated carbon able to withstand heretofore intolerable environmental disturbances.

Abstract: A method for the production of soot filters using felt-like or other bats as filter elements, which are made up of loose refractory fibers. In order to bond the fibers together and to anchor then in place, the filter element made up of the fibers is coated by CVD or precipitation from a solution to give an amorphous coating. The coating is also refractory. It bonds the fibers together at their crossovers.

Abstract: A fibrous composite material comprising carbon fibres and chemically delaminated vermiculite lamellae and production of the material by applying a suspension (preferably an aqueous suspension) of the lamellae to carbon fibres and removing the liquid medium from the suspension. The composite material is useful for the insulation and fire-protection of substrates.

Abstract: A batt including a major percent of thermo-mechanical wood pulp fibers is stabilized by the inclusion of a minor percent of thermoplastic fibers, which latter fibers are heat fused to one another and to the thermo-mechanical wood pulp fibers at fiber intersections to provide a supporting network which inhibits collapse and agglomeration of the thermo-mechanical wood pulp fibers.

Abstract: A nonwoven stretch fabric is provided. The fabric is produced from a web of bicomponent fibers bonded together by fusion of fibers at points of contact and thermally crimped in situ in the web. The fabric has good uniformity, good thermal insulating properties, and is produced by subjecting a fibrous web of thermally bondable, thermally crimpable bicomponent fibers to heated gas supplied continuously to the top of the web and intermittently to the bottom of the web.

Abstract: Molded filtration products, such as disposable face masks, are prepared by assembling at least one fibrous shaping layer and one fibrous filtration layer in face-to-face contact and subjecting the assembly to heat and molding pressure. Preferably the assembly comprises two shaping layers, one on each side of the filtration layer. The shaping layers in total weight no more than about 150 pounds per ream and contribute no more than about 20 percent of the total pressure drop through the filtration product. At least one of the shaping layers comprises fibers that can be bound together at points of fiber intersections by coalescence of binder material on the fibers.

Abstract: A fibrefill blend comprising, and a bonded batt formed from, (a) from 90 to 50% by weight of slickened crimped hollow polyester fibre having a cavity volume of 10 to 30% and, complementally, to total 100% conjugate fibre, the hollow polyester fibres and the conjugate binding fibres having substantially the same density and decitex (and so diameter).

Abstract: The invention of this application relates to a cushion body, well suited for use as a seat cushion of a motor vehicle, consisting of a spring body which is deformable under a load, and is air and mositure permeable. The cushion also employs an air permeable cover material which is stretched over the cushion and is underlaid with a buffer layer which has a substantial content of cellulose fibers. The spring body consists of fibers with hydrophilic properties and a titer of 3 to 50 dtex, which fibers are combined to form a spatially oriented network, and are cemented together where they intersect.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics having light weight, high strength, soft hand and not having any waxy feeling is provided by subjecting fiber admixture to heat treatment, which fiber admixture is composed of foamed fiber, heat adhesive fiber and other kinds of fibers if necessary.

Abstract: Wadding materials consist of a blend of 90-10% by weight of staple fibers (A) having a monofilament fineness of 3-10 deniers and a curliness of not less than 15% and 10-90% by weight of staple fibers (B) of a synthetic polymer having a monofilament fineness of 0.7-4 deniers, which is smaller than that of the staple fibers (A), and a curliness of less than 15%, and synthetic fibers having a melting point which is lower than that of both the above described staple fibers (A) and (B) by more than 20.degree. C., or film-shaped structural elements (C), or of the above described blend of (A) and (B) and both the above described lower melting point synthetic fibers and the film-shaped structural elements (C). The wadding materials have natural down-like physical properties, such as high compressibility, compactness, high bulkiness, moderate resiliency, high drape property, good body fitness, soft touch, light weight and excellent warmth retaining ability.

Abstract: A low settled density loose fill heat insulation for building structures is formed by the addition to cellulose insulation of staple fibers selected from the group polypropylene, acetate, polyethylene, polyester, acrylic and vinyl. The staple fibers extend the cellulose insulation.

Abstract: Novel hydraulically entangled spunlaced fabrics and an improved process for making such fabrics composed of at least two types of staple fibers are provided. Elastomeric staple fibers which behave as ordinary staple fibers until heat treated are included in the hydraulically entangled fabric. Upon heat treatment, the elastomeric fibers become elastic and impart improved stretch and resilience properties to the fabric.

Abstract: Novel improved copolyester binder filaments and fibers consist essentially of the terephthalate of ethylene and diethylene glycols with the mol percent of the latter being in the range of 20 to 45 percent.

Abstract: This invention relates to filling material composed of crimped fibers joined together at one end with a high density, and having crimps located in mutually deviating phases, while the other ends of the fibers stay free, and a process for manufacturing such filling material. The filling material exhibits superior bulkiness and thermal insulation, since the recovery force or resiliency of the crimps located in mutually deviating phases causes the fibers to spread sufficiently to contain a large quantity of air among themselves.

Abstract: Layer insulation for use in high-voltage equipment such as a distribution transformer comprises substantially all inorganic material and is implemented with inorganic particles bonded together and to an intermingled array of inorganic fibers with inorganic cement to form an insulation layer reinforced by the inorganic fibers.

Abstract: A carbon composite article and the method of making the article wherein selected carbon fibrous materials are formed into a basic starting substrate having a volume greater than the desired volume of the finished article. Very small amounts of a carbonaceous binder material are used to bond the fibrous materials together at a multiplicity of bonding sites. The basic substrate is then subjected to controlled temperatures and pressures to form a shaped substrate characterized by having a high degree of open porosity, a predetermined shape and structural integrity sufficient to withstand subsequent substrate processing. The carbonaceous binder is applied to the fibrous material in a manner whereby substantial encapsulation of the individual fibers is avoided so that the portions of the fibers disposed intermediate the bonding sites are free to move to accommodate and effectively distribute stresses which may be generated within the substrate due to material shrinkage or other process related causes.

Abstract: Network preforms for battery grids are prepared from cross-lapped assemblages of spaced bundles of inorganic filaments which are bonded at crossover points by ice.

Abstract: A prepolymer having a molecular weight of at least 3,000 is made from a polyether polyol where all the OH groups are capped with an aliphatic polyisocyanate. When mixed with water the prepolymer reacts to form an elastomeric cross-linked polyurethane gel adhesive which can be used to adhere fibers to from a nonwoven fabric. Examples of the aliphatic diisocyanate are IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate) and hydrogenated MDI. A catalyst can also be applied to the aqueous mixture to accelerate the adhesive binder formation.

Abstract: Strong dimensionally stable high-melting nonwoven fibrous sheets comprised of filaments from an optically anisotropic melt-forming polymer and self-bonded at a plurality of filament cross-over points, and a process for making such sheets.

Abstract: A process for solvent bonding blended nonwoven fabrics is disclosed. The fabric is obtained by forming a web from a blend of fibers selected from the group consisting of acrylic fibers, modacrylic fibers and mixtures thereof and polyester fibers, applying a controlled amount of solvent to the web, and then bonding contiguous fibers at their cross-over points by the application of heat and pressure so as to activate the solvent. The fabric thereby obtained is characterized by improved elongation and tear strength.

Abstract: A method of producing a wall or ceiling covering that is dry-stripable from the wall, is flexible and has good opacity, and will fully retain an embossed pattern even when the sheet is soaked with a water based adhesive. A sheet is provided containing 10 to 90% by weight of cellulose pulp fibres and 10 to 90% by weight of discontinuous fibres of two different synthetic thermoplastic polymeric materials. Staple fibres may also be added. The sheet is then heated to a temperature intermediate the temperature of plasticity of the two different thermoplastic materials so that the fibres of one of the thermoplastic materials are rendered plastic and fused together, the other thermoplastic material retaining its fibre structure.

Abstract: Production of a wall or ceiling covering comprising an embossed laminate of a first printable embossable ply, and a second supporting ply. The first ply consists of a paper sheet containing 60-100% by weight of cellulose wood pulp fibers and 0-40% discontinuous fibers of a synthetic thermo-plastic polymeric material. The second ply consists of a sheet of 10-60% cellulosic wood pulp fibers, and 40-90% of thermoplastic fibers (either the same as or different than those in the first ply). A fused three dimensional network is formed by heating the laminate to a temperature at which the thermoplastic fibers are rendered plastic.

Abstract: A glow-resistant batt of fibers; a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; and boric acid; and processes for producing such.

Abstract: A glow-resistant batt of fibers; a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; and diammonium phosphate; and processes for producing such.

Abstract: A process for producing a fibrous batt by forming a thin web of fibers and then contacting the web with particles of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; subsequently forming the web into a batt and then heating the batt.

Abstract: Composite materials are disclosed which consist of extensible polymer matrices in combination with three-dimensionally structured, interconnected fibrous masses which are formed "in situ". These composites exhibit novel mechanical characteristics which are distinctly different from those exhibited by conventional fiber-filled elastomers.

Abstract: A compact yarn of staple fibers containing at least a proportion of potentially adhesive fibers bonded to contacting fibers. The compact yarn may be made by false twisting a sliver of the staple fibers by means of a fluid vortex followed by activating the potentially adhesive fibers.