Abstract: A metal-coated substrate, e.g., of glass, ceramic, or a hydroxy-functionalized material, wherein the improvement comprises a polysilicate, titania, or alumina interlayer between the substrate and the metal coating. The interlayer may have a porous microstructure, e.g., a polysilicate interlayer with an average pore size on the order of 50-150 Angstroms.Such articles, e.g., in the form of metal-coated fibers, may suitably be employed as reinforcing media in material composites having utility in structural applications, such as EMI shielding elements.Also disclosed is a corresponding method for forming a metal coating on a substrate by the provision of an interlayer of the above type. The interlayer may suitably be formed by applying to the substrate a sol gel dispersion of the polysilicate, titania, or alumina material, followed by drying of the applied dispersion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water-cooled winding for an electromagnetic stirrer, which comprises a coil including a plurality of wound flat type wires having a wire-insulating turn insulation, and a porous polyamide fiber having an air permeation rate not higher than 25 seconds/100 cm.sup.3 of air covering the periphery of the coil, which is impregnated with an epoxy resin composition. In this water-cooled winding, the polyamide fiber is sufficiently impregnated with the epoxy resin composition and this epoxy resin composition is cured stably and assuredly. Accordingly, the mechanical rigidity of the winding is sufficiently high, and the water resistance of the winding is highly improved and is maintained for a long time, with the result that the life of the winding is greatly prolonged.

Abstract: Special C-shaped carbon fibers, melt spun from mesophase pitch, were used as micro-molds to form nested dual fibers and ceramic fibers. By wetting these carbon fibers in a wet chemical precursor, and subsequently heat treating, ceramic fibers of various compositions were formed. Also, through proper control, carbon-ceramic nested fibers were produced. The ceramic materials were silica, alumina, silicon carbide, hydroxyapatite, and zirconia. The ceramic fibers could be formed with non-circular transverse cross-sectional perimeters.

Abstract: Hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole fibers are produced by a wet jet/wet spinning or by a dry jet/wet spinning process. A spinning solution of hydroxyethylated polybenzimidazole is extruded vertically downward through a spinneret into a liquid coagulation bath. The resulting fibers have pore sizes ranging from about 5 angstroms up to about 100 angstroms and are quite useful as ultra filters for molecules with a broad range of molecular weight.

Abstract: Disclosed are a multilayer composite hollow fiber comprising at least one nonporous separating membrane layer (A) performing a separating function and two or more porous layers (B) performing a reinforcing function, the layer (A) and the layers (B) being alternately laminated so as to give a structure having internal and external surfaces formed by the porous layers (B), as well as a method of making such a hollow fiber.In this multilayer composite hollow fiber, the separating membrane can be formed as an ultrathin, homogeneous membrane. Moreover, the separating membrane is not liable to get damaged owing to the unique structure of the hollow fiber. Furthermore, such hollow fibers can be readily and stably produced on an industrial scale.

Abstract: Special C-shaped carbon fibers, melt spun from mesophase pitch, were used as micro-molds to form nested dual fibers and ceramic fibers. By wetting these carbon fibers in a wet chemical precursor, and subsequently heat treating, ceramic fibers of various compositions were formed. Also, through proper control, carbon-ceramic nested fibers were produced. The ceramic materials were silica, alumina, silicon carbide, hydroxyapatite, and zirconia. The ceramic fibers could be formed with non-circular transverse cross-sectional perimeters.

Abstract: A conductor wire with an inner layer of insulation of cellular polyolefin compound and an outer layer of polyvinylchloride. The polyvinylchloride includes a material compatible with the polyolefin and which bonds to the polyolefin to bond the layers together. The compatible material may be chlorinated polyethylene. In the insulated structure, the inner layer has a substantially continuous skin which is bonded to the outer layer. In a method of forming the insulation, the inner layer is maintained as a non-cellular structure which the outer layer is extruded onto it. This provides unbroken opposing surfaces of the layers which are bonded together and the integrity of the surface of the inner layer is maintained as the layer is formed into a cellular structure.

Abstract: A resin-made optical fiber is composed of a core of a polymer or copolymer obtained from a polymerizable monomer, which contains at least 1 wt. % of a crosslinkable monomer, and a cladding of a polymer of copolymer having a refractive index smaller than the core. The optical fiber is fabricated by filling a polymerizable monomer into a hollow fiber like cladding material, which is adapted to form a cladding and is made of a polymer or copolymer, and then placing the resultant composite material under polymerizing conditions to polymerize the polymerizable monomer. The latter step may preferably be carried out by causing the composite material to travel continuously in the direction of its length into a polymerization zone where conditions for the polymerization of the polymerizable monomer are satisfied, whereby the polymerizable monomer is successively polymerized to form a core having a refractive index greater than the cladding.

Abstract: A flexible composite material comprising a core composed of a blend of a thermoplastic resin fiber and a reinforcing fiber, and a flexible sleeve formed of a thermoplastic resin and surrounding the core. The composite material may be prepared by intermixing a thermoplastic resin fiber and a reinforcing fiber to obtain a core, and then extruding a thermoplastic resin over the core.

Abstract: There is disclosed a hollow fiber semipermeable membrane element comprising hollow fiber semipermeable membranes having their respective one end portions or both end portions bonded together by means of a vulcanized rubber, so that the semipermeable membrane element has a high resistance to chemicals. The incorporation of a graphite fluoride in the rubber serves to further increase not only the hardness of the bonding rubber portions but also the resistance of the bonding rubber portions to chemicals. Such a semipermeable element can be easily, efficiently produced on a commercial scale.

Abstract: A fiber having a porous coating of a thermoplastic resin, whereinat least a part of the surface of the fiber is coated with the porous coating of the thermoplastic resin, andthe thermoplastic resin of the coating(A) is different from a material forming the matrix of the fiber,(B) is present in a proportion of 5 to 100% by weight based on the fiber matrix, and(C) is porous such that a group of micropores having a pore diameter in the range of 0.1 to 1 micrometer are present in a volume of 100 to 500 mm.sup.3 /g; and a bundle of fibers bonded to one another having at least a part of the coating in common. This bundle is useful as a prepreg for a fiber-reinforced composite material.

Abstract: The invention provides semi-permeable hollow fibres of symmetrical type and of homogeneous microporous structure, with a smooth internal surface, which are obtained by cooling a solution of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer carrying optionally salified sulphonic acid groups, in a polar organic solvent with an adjuvant, to give a thermally reversible gel, followed by washing, stretching and relaxation treatments. The new hollow fibres have improved haemocompatibility and are useful in treating blood by haemodialysis, ultrafiltration and/or plasmapheresis.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) or ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) polymers to produce a foamed coating of insulation over wire and used as wire pairs for transmitting electronic signals, in which the foamed coating is surrounded by a protective jacket or skin made of one of the two polymers.

Abstract: A fragrant sheath-core composite fiber suitable for bedding and having a cross-section including a sheath and a core including a hollow portion, wherein an aromatic perfume having a boiling point higher than 150.degree. C. under normal pressure is incorporated and dipersed in an amount 0.1 to 10.0% by weight in a thermoplastic polymer constituting the core. The core component is preferably a polyethylene type polymer, and the sheath component is preferably a polyethylene terephthalate polymer. One of typical compositions of the aromatic perfume is an essential oil mixture including (1) 10 to 20% of lemon oil, (2) 5 to 15% of bergamot oil, (3) 2 to 8% of lavender oil, (4) 2 to 8% of lemongrass oil, (5) 2 to 8% of cedarwood oil and (6) 0.5 to 1.5% of jasmine absolute.

Abstract: A porous polytetrafluoroethylene material is disclosed having a molecular microfibrous structure having, at one surface, a strong orientation in a given direction and, at another opposite surface, a strong orientation and a direction at right angles to the first, in which the orientation of the microfibrous structure progressively changes from one surface to the other. A process for preparing such an element is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a multilayer composite hollow fiber comprising at least one nonporous separating membrane layer (A) performing a separating function and two or more porous layers (B) performing a reinforcing function, the layer (A) and the layers (B) being alternately laminated so as to give a structure having internal and external surfaces formed by the porous layers (B), as well as a method of making such a hollow fiber.In this multilayer composite hollow fiber, the separating membrane can be formed as an ultrathin, homogeneous membrane. Moreover, the separating membrane is not liable to get damaged owing to the unique structure of the hollow fiber. Furthermore, such hollow fibers can be readily and stably produced on an industrial scale.

Abstract: A method for production of porous hollow polymer fiber membranes. A homogeneous mixture is prepared from at least two components where one component is a fusible polymer (10 to 30 percent) and a solvent component (70-90%) is inert relative to the polymer and where said components form a binary system having in the liquid state a region of complete miscibility as well as a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the phase segregation temperature of the mixture through a hollow fiber nozzle into a spinning tube containing a solvent inert to the polymer and having a temperature below the segregation temperature. Fiber and liquid are moved in the spinning tube in the same direction at about the same speed. After solidification the hollow fiber membrane is washed with a solvent.

Abstract: A porous hollow fiber membrane, comprising a polyolefin hollow fiber membrane of an annular cross section of substantial circle 150 to 300 .mu.m in inside diameter and 10 to 150 .mu.m in wall thickness, said hollow fiber membrane forming on the inner wall side thereof a tight layer of intimately bound fine polyolefin particles and on the outer wall side thereof a porous texture of fine polyolefin particles bound in chains and containing fine pores extended continuously form said inner wall side to said outer wall side.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a highly flexible, silicone rubber coated inorganic yarn based sleeving and a process for making the invention comprising an inorganic yarn sleeving, i.e., glass fibers, formed into a sleeving which is then coated with a highly flexible silicone rubber which has a Shore-A durometer reading of about 40 or less of the cured silicone material.

Abstract: This invention provides a composite hollow fiber comprising a porous hollow fiber substrate and a coating layer formed on at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface of said substrate. The coating layer comprises a polymer having at least one of the structural units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a monovalent silicon-containing organic group.This composite hollow fiber is excellent in gas permeability and gas separation performance and has high heat resistance, humidity resistance and mechanical strength.

Abstract: A light waveguide is protected with a protective covering loosely surrounding the waveguide, which covering is constructed of an inside layer and an outside layer. The inside layer is composed of a material selected from a group consisting of polycarbonate, polyether sulfone and polyetherimide while the outside layer is composed of a material selected from a group consisting of polyester, polyether, polyurethane, copolymers of these polymers as well as block polymers of each of these polymers. The selection of these materials with the two layers provides a good connection between the two layers of the covering.

Abstract: This invention concerns an essentially cylindrical discrete carbon fibril characterized by a substantially constant diameter between about 3.5 and about 70 nanometers, e.g. between about 7 and 25 nanometers, length greater than about 10.sup.2 times the diameter, an outer region of multiple essentially continuous layers of ordered carbon atoms and a distinct inner core region, each of the layers and core disposed substantially concentrically about the cylindrical axis of the fibril. Preferably the entire fibril is substantially free of thermal carbon overcoat. The invention further concerns a plurality of such fibrils.The fibril or plurality of fibrils of this invention may be produced by contacting for an appropriate period of time and at suitable pressure a suitable metal-containing particle with a suitable gaseous, carbon-containing compound, at a temperature between about 850.degree. C. and 1200.degree. C.

Abstract: In a porous hollow fiber having a large number of micropores in its surrounding wall, the improvement in which walls of said pores are coated with ethylene oxide-grafted nylon, such as ethylene oxide-grafted nylon 6.

Abstract: A low rate resilient bushing suitable for automobiles and other vehicles is disclosed where in the bushing, the carbon black reinforced rubber compound has been conventionally sulfur cured using an activator system of zinc oxide and certain soluble fatty acid materials.

Abstract: A porous regenerated cellulose hollow fiber obtained by a micro-phase-separation method is described. The hollow fiber is characterized in that the viscosity average molecular weight is at least 5.times.10.sup.4, each of the average pore diameter D.sub.1 on the inner wall surface of the hollow fiber and the average pore diameter D.sub.2 on the outer wall surface is 0.02 to 10 .mu.m, the in-plane porosity Pr on the outer wall surface is at least 10%, and the hollow fiber comprises a wall thickness portion having pores piercing therethrough between the inner wall surface and outer wall surface and a hollow portion extending continuously over the entire fiber length.

Abstract: A welt cord includes a core made of a polymeric, flexible material and enclosed within a cellulose cover. A heat conductive filament is enclosed within the polymeric core and extends the length of the cord. The cellulose cover is held on the polymeric core by a jacket of threads.

Abstract: Porous hollow fibers composed of a high density polyethylene the fibers having rectangular micropores that are oriented in the lengthwise direction of the fibers and having a porosity from 30 to 90% by volume are disclosed. Membranes composed of hollow fibers exhibit a water permeability of greater than 65 (ml/m.sup.2, hr, mmHg) as well as a human serum albumin permeability of greater than 30%. Such fibers are suited for use as filters, particularly as a membrane for simple fractionation of whole blood into it plasma and cellular components. The hollow fibers are obtained by spinning a high-density polyethylene under a high-draft condition followed by cold stretching and hot stretching, and without the use of any solvent or plasticizer.

Abstract: A varnish suitable for spray coating on plastic insulated copper conductors restores cracked or damaged insulation. The varnish cures by reaction in air upon application to the conductors. The varnish comprises drying oil (typically, tung oil and castor oil), phenolic resin, metallic catalysts, and solvents.

Abstract: In order to provide a pin for connecting machine parts with one another, which is of optimally light weight, the pin is of a compound structure comprising a core of filler-reinforced synthetic plastics resin and a metallic envelope. As filler there are used quartz sand or carbon fibers. The envelope is preferably seated on the core under circumferential tensile bias. The manufacture of the pin takes place, for instance, by pressing the filler and a matrix resin system directly into a suitably prepared envelope.

Abstract: Disclosed are hydrophilic polyolefinic microporous materials and a method for the preparation thereof. Such materials are prepared by impregnating a normally hydrophobic polyolefinic microporous substrate material with a solution of a nonionic alkylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol surfactant having an HLB of from about 10 to 15 in a solvent system comprising from about 55 to about 65 volume percent methanol or acetone and from about 35 to about 45 volume percent water. It has been discovered that polyolefinic microporous materials rendered hydrophilic by this technique not only wet rapidly, but in addition may be multiply re-wet with aqueous solutions, such as aqueous alkali solutions, with excellent retention of their hydrophilic properties. The hydrophilic polyolefinic microporous materials of this invention find particular application as battery separators and as membranes for use in various chemical, medical and biotechnical processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a string for sports rackets which comprises a core (1), the core being constituted by one or more synthetic polymeric monofilaments, the, or at least one of the monofilaments having a longitudinal bore (2), and, along the length of the bore, one or more openings (3) for the passage of fluid from the bore, the core being covered by a wrapping (9,10) of synthetic polymeric material (FIGS. 7 and 8).

Abstract: An improved fiber composite including a first layer (18) having a plurality of elongate flexible fabric segments (16) for laying up on and conforming to an elongate irregularly shaped temporary support (10) to substantially cover support (10) and a plurality of continuous yarns (b 17) extending substantially the length of support (10). A second layer (26) includes a continuous yarn (20) wound peripherally upon the first layer (18) and oriented substantially orthogonally with the longitudinal yarns (17) of first layer (18). A method for manufacturing the fiber composite is also provided.

Abstract: The method of the invention enables the manufacture of flat, rectangular cable from fine-gauge, self-bondable magnet wire. The cable is capable of efficiently transmitting electrical currents at high frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protective garment fabric material for enhanced personal protection against harmful substances present in the ambient atmosphere. This fabric is manufactured from microporous hollow fibers containing neutralization agents capable of detoxifying chemical or biological agents in the lumina of the fibers. The protective fabrics of the present invention possess enhanced mechanical strength, high efficiency, and at the same time provide a larger concentration of detoxicant per surface area than the protective fabrics of the prior art.

Abstract: Porous acrylic synthetic fibers having water absorption property and having substantially no microvoids but having mainly macrovoids are produced by spinning an organic solvent solution containing 15.about.35% by weight of a polymer consisting of 2.about.30 parts by weight of cellulose acetate and 70.about.98 parts by weight of an acrylic polymer into a coagulation bath at a temperature of no higher than 30.degree. C., primarily drawing the spun fibers at a draw ratio of 2.5.about.8.0 times to form water swelled fibers wherein macrovoids are distributed, drying the water swelled fibers at a temperature of 100.degree..about.180.degree. C. to a water content of no greater than 1.0% by weight and secondarily drawing the dried fibers under wet heat to elongate the macrovoid structure.This invention includes acrylic composite fibers having water absorption property wherein at least one of components A and B consisting of 2.about.50% by weight of cellulose acetate and 50.about.

Abstract: In order to provide a pin for connecting machine parts with one another, which is of optimally light weight, the pin is of a compound structure comprising a core of filler-reinforced synthetic plastics resin and a metallic envelope. As filler there are used quartz sand or carbon fibers. The envelope is preferably seated on the core under circumferential tensile bias. The manufacture of the pin takes place, for instance, by pressing the filler and a matrix resin system directly into a suitably prepared envelope.

Abstract: An acrylic fiber having an irregular form section and a ramie-like feeling, wherein the section of the fiber has unmethodical surface unevenness and has at least two concave parts which has a ratio of the length l of a perpendicular from a tangental line between adjacent convex parts of said unevenness to the deepest part of the concave part to the diameter D.sub.1 of a circumscribed circle: l/D.sub.1 of 0.05 or more, and the surface of said fiber is covered with many discontinuous creases having an average width of 1.mu. or more provided along the lengthwise direction of the fiber, and process for producing the same.

Abstract: Telecommunications cable formed by locating a plurality of conductors in a group in an open array, which is preferably planar, and shaping the group into arcuate configuration around a longitudinal axis with the conductors extending generally in the direction of the axis. A layer of insulation is then provided around the group to hold it in its planar configuration.

Abstract: A cellular, volume compressible, strand-like rubber body has a sheathing of lastic material which surrounds the body without being fixedly connected to it. The rubber body may be of foam rubber material.

Abstract: A hollow fiber package body for separation of fluid comprising a core and layers of hollow fibers having a selective permeability to fluid arranged around said core, said hollow fiber layers being formed by tape-like bundles of hollow fibers and composed of the arrangement of hollow fibers in nearly parallel relations one another and in a flat state, and said hollow fiber bundles being arranged in multi-layers by intersecting at least at a spot between one end and the other end of said package body.

Abstract: Porous hollow fibers composed of a high density polyethylene the fibers having rectangular micropores that are oriented in the lengthwise direction of the fibers and having a porosity from 30 to 90% by volume are disclosed. Membranes composed of hollow fibers exhibit a water permeability of greater than 65 (ml/m.sup.2, hr, mmHg) as well as a human serum albumin permeability of greater than 30%. Such fibers are suited for use as filters, particularly as a membrane for simple fractionation of whole blood into its plasma and cellular components. The hollow fibers are obtained by spinning a high-density polyethylene under a high-draft condition followed by cold stretching and hot stretching, and without the use of any solvent or plasticizer.

Abstract: Longitudinally water-tight cables, such as communication cables, are produced so that the interior of such cables contain a filling material which includes a water-repelling substance and relatively small diameter gas bubbles substantially uniformly embedded therein. The filling material contains an admixture of thermoplastic rubbers or rubber-like thermoplastic materials which are molten at the processing temperature utilized in the course of cable filling and which soldify at the normal operating temperature range of a cable by linking, hooking or coupling via thermoplastic blocks having a correspondingly low melting range, that is lying just below the cable filling temperature. The gas bubbles, which are generated during cable filling, are maintained at their respective spatial positions within the filling material by a rubber-like network which forms in the filling material and the linking or joining points in such network can withstand the buoyancy forces of the gas bubbles without rupture.

Abstract: Longitudinally water-tight cables, such as communication cables, are produced so that the interior of such cables have a filling material containing a water-repellant substance and relatively small diameter gas bubbles embedded in the filling material. The filling material is thickened with a reticulating thixotropic substance having a 3-dimensional network-like structure which is disruptable under mechanical influence and is regenerable over a time span in a motionless state with a significant increase of viscosity. The size of the gas bubbles are adjusted relative to the resistance to disruption of the network-like structure so that the buoyancy of such gas bubbles is significantly below such resistance to disruption in the motionless state of the filling material whereby such gas bubbles are maintained in their respective positions within the filling material in a time-stable manner during a motionless state.

Abstract: Surgical ventilating apparatus for use in laser surgical techniques. The surgical ventilating apparatus comprises a tubular body having an inner, hollow, flexible metallic member and an outer layer formed of a heat-resistant material. Preferably, the inner member is formed of molybdenum and the outer layer is formed of a heat resistant coating, such as an oxide of a metal, an expanded or foamed silica or quartz, and the like. A connector adapted to be connected to one end of the tubular body enables the tubular body to be connected to ventilating equipment for controlling the respiration of the patient during surgery.

Abstract: A synthetic fiber for wadding which has a plurality of projections in its cross section and a section deformation ratio (S) of not less than 5000/.sqroot.D (wherein D is a monofiber denier) and which has the following physical characteristics:Monofiber denier (D, denier): 0.1 to 3;Coefficient of inter-fiber static friction (.mu..sub.s): not more than 0.14;Crimp number (CN, number/25 mm): 4 to 14;Ratio of crimp index and crimp number (Ci(%)/CN): 0.6 to 1.8;H.sub.0.2 (cm): not less than 7.3;H.sub.0.2 /H.sub.25 (cm/cm): not less than 6.5;.delta..sub.D (g/cm.sup.2 /cm): not more than 0.4.

Abstract: Thermoplastic materials are converted directly into thermally bonded, coherent fibrous products by melt blowing techniques. The fibrous product is in the form of a rod having a relatively dense, rigid skin in which the fiber portions are oriented primarily in a longitudinal direction with respect to the axis of the product, and a less dense core where the fiber portions are oriented primarily in a transverse direction with respect to the axis of the product. The products are made by melt blowing fibers and intercepting them by a fiber collecting and forming device which permits a relatively heavy build-up of fiber mass in the central portion and a relatively light build-up of fibers in a lip portion surrounding the central portion.

Abstract: Porous acrylic synthetic fibers having water absorption property and having substantially no microvoids but having mainly macrovoids are produced by spinning an organic solvent solution containing 15.about.35% by weight of a polymer consisting of 2.about.30 parts by weight of cellulose acetate and 70.about.98 parts by weight of an acrylic polymer into a coagulation bath at a temperature of no higher than 30.degree. C., primarily drawing the spun fibers at a draw ratio of 2.5.about.8.0 times to form water swelled fibers wherein macrovoids are distributed, drying the water swelled fibers at a temperature of 100.about.180.degree. C. to a water content of no greater than 1.0% by weight and secondarily drawing the dried fibers under wet heat to elongate the macrovoid structure.This invention includes acrylic composite fibers having the water absorption property, wherein at least one of components A and B consisting of 2.about.50% by weight of cellulose acetate and 50.about.

Abstract: The invention relates to hygroscopic filaments and fibres of synthetic high polymers. The improved hygroscopicity compared with known synthetic fibres is due to the fact, that in a conventional dry-spun process a liquid is added to the spinning solvent which liquid has a higher boiling point than the spinning solvent used, which liquid is readily miscible both with the spinning solvent and water and which represents a non-solvent for the polymer to be spun.

Abstract: Non-thrombogenic material comprising a base polymer treated with heparin, the improvement in which the heparin is covalently bonded with the base polymer through only one acetal bond or hemiacetal bond at each bonding site between the heparin and the base polymer.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is provided, which is characterized in that, when observed in a dry state with an electron microscope, the hollow fiber membrane has at least one dense, active layer (or skin layer) on the inside and/or outside surface thereof and further a three-layered structure comprising two layers respectively contacting the inside and outside surfaces and each consisting of a plurality of particles bonded together and having particle sizes of 0.01 to 2 microns and a substantially particle-free homogeneous layer lying between the two layers.