Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a separating roller that is capable of switching between a separation state in which an original document is separated and a non-separation state in which the original document is not separated, and determines whether or not the original document is fed in the separation state or the non-separation state based on the types of the original document set through a user interface for instructing a select of the types of the original document to be read and a start of reading the original document.

Abstract: A polyolefin-based film comprising at least one layer permitting printing as a result of laser irradiation; wherein not less than 100 ppm but not greater than 3000 ppm of pigment permitting printing as a result of laser irradiation is present in all layers of the film; haze thereof is not less than 1% but not greater than 30%; and unevenness in thickness thereof in either a machine direction or a transverse direction is not less than 0.1% but not greater than 25%. An object is to provide a film capable of being printed in distinct fashion by a laser, that excels with respect to unevenness in thickness, and that is of high transparency, and at the same time provide packaging which employs such film and on which printing has been directly carried out.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a vertically aligned laminated graphene based thermally conductive film. The method comprising: attaching first and second graphene film using a layer of nanoparticles and an adhesive; forming a layered film comprising a predetermined number of graphene film layers by repeating the steps of arranging a layer of nanoparticles, arranging an adhesive and attaching a graphene film; and laminating the layered film by applying pressure and heat to cure the adhesive, thereby forming a laminate film; cutting the laminate film at an angle in relation to a surface plane of the film to form the vertically aligned laminated graphene based thermally conductive film.

Abstract: A graphene-heating and heat preserving sleeve for a oilfield petroleum gathering pipeline includes a the high-temperature-resistant insulating layer (1), a graphene layer (2), a high-temperature-resistant ceramic layer (4), a waterproof and anti-static heat preservation layer (5), and a housing (6) that are tightly attached together in sequence; the two semi-cylindrical parts of the graphene-heating and heat-preserving sleeve are coupled together, so that the petroleum gathering pipeline is wrapped in the graphene-heating and heat-preserving sleeve. When electricity is applied to the electrode layers arranged at two ends of the graphene layer (2), under the action of an electric field, heat energy generated due to intense friction and collision between carbon atoms in the graphene is radiated out through far infrared rays with a wavelength of 5 to 14 microns.

Abstract: Authenticity of a sticker (e.g., a mark-down sticker on a retail item), or integrity of a closure (e.g., on a delivery bag or package), is confirmed by reference to spatial information. In some embodiments a fingerprint is formed from parameters describing spatial placement of a sticker or pattern on a substrate. In some embodiments a digital watermark pattern provides a spatial frame of reference within which one or more other features can be located. In still other embodiments, a package is sealed with a shipping tape marked with a digital watermark. If the tape is slit to tamper with package contents, and is then repaired by an overlay of clear tape, the repair betrays itself by a forensic inspection that reveals a diminution in watermark strength. A great many other features and arrangements are also detailed.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of electronic product heat dissipation component and in particular, relates to a graphene thermally conductive gasket edge-wrapped process and an edge-wrapped graphene thermally conductive gasket. The process steps are: coating a layer of adhesive on the first layer of graphene film, placing the second layer of graphene film on the first layer of graphene film, repeating stacking to the target height, obtaining a graphene film block, punching a plurality of through holes penetrating two surfaces of the graphene film block; threading the carbon fiber through the through holes after coating an adhesive on the surface thereof; slicing along the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the graphene film, to obtain the graphene thermally conductive gasket with a specified thickness; and coating a layer of glue on the peripheral sides of the graphene thermally conductive gasket to form an edge-wrapped layer.

Abstract: A tape is provided having a long shape in which a bond portion is formed on at least one surface. The tape includes a first slit row including a plurality of slits formed intermittently along a longitudinal direction, and a second slit row including a plurality of slits formed intermittently along a longitudinal direction and parallel to the first slit row. A portion without having a slit formed in the first slit row is arranged so as not to overlap a portion without having a slit formed in the second slit row.

Abstract: A web of film material wound about a central longitudinal axis to provide a roll, the film material including a conformable base film comprising a first surface and an opposite second surface. The web of film material further includes an adhesive layer including a first surface bonded to the second surface of the base film and an opposite second surface, a release liner releasably attached to the second surface of the adhesive layer, and a protective film layer releasably attached to the first surface of the conformable base film.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to building surface joint supports, for example, configured to bridge and support the seam between two building surface panels. The present disclosure relates more particularly to a joint support configured to support a joint between building surface panels. The joint support includes a longitudinal support strip including a first end, a second end, a first side edge, a second side edge, an inner surface, and an outer surface. An inner layer of adhesive is distributed over the inner surface of the longitudinal support strip and is configured to bond with a joint compound. The adhesive of the inner layer includes a polysaccharide.

Abstract: A method for producing a label for affixing in a vehicle. The method includes printing of a substrate layer to yield a basic label form; production of an adhesive film with a first adhesive layer; and sticking the adhesive film to the basic label form using a second adhesive layer to produce the label. Also described is a label kit including a basic label form with a printed substrate layer and an adhesive film, wherein the adhesive film is configured to be stuck to a printed side of the substrate layer of the basic label form.

Abstract: An imaging blanket comprises a base comprising an elastic polymer and sulfur. A barrier layer is on the base and a surface layer is on the barrier layer. The surface layer comprises an elastomer and a platinum catalyst.

Abstract: An applique for covering a clear substrate through which light is at least one of transmitted and received includes: a transparent sheet having: a first surface; and a second surface that is opposite the first surface; and a ultraviolet (UV) curable pressure sensitive adhesive that is disposed on the first surface of the transparent sheet, that is curable using UV light, and that is configured to adhere the transparent sheet to a third surface of the clear substrate.

Abstract: A device for sealing and securing a catheter at its insertion site in order to provide for optimum safe catheter function, and to achieve maximum catheter longevity/dwell time is described. The sterile seal achieved by this device fully protects the catheter and its insertion site from external contamination. The unique sterile seal also functions to fully stabilize and secure the catheter, thereby minimizing traumatic catheter injury and loss. A means of continuously viewing the insertion site is also provided, as well as mechanisms for maintaining sterility of the sterile chamber that is formed around the catheter insertion site by the integrated sealing and securing device. Together these features allow for improved catheter safety and function, and allow catheters to safely remain in place for an extended period of time. The need to change catheter dressings at intervals is minimized or eliminated.

Abstract: A multi-layered thermoplastic roofing membrane comprising a planar body including at least three layers, said at least three layers including (i) a top layer that includes magnesium hydroxide dispersed within a thermoplastic resin, (ii) an upper middle layer disposed below said top layer and including magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate dispersed within a thermoplastic resin, and (iii) a lower layer disposed below said upper middle layer and including magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate dispersed within a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a foil tape (10) for sealing joints between structural elements (30, 31) which are joined to one another, for example in house-building between masonry and a door or window jamb, wherein the foil tape (10) has a functional membrane (1), a textile (4) joined, preferably all-over, to the functional membrane (1) on a top side or an underside, and at least in certain areas an adhesive layer (2) applied in certain areas to that side of the membrane (1) which is averted from the textile (4), wherein the foil tape (10) is folded to produce a folded body (20), so that sections of the textile (4) lie on top of one another at least in certain areas, the sections of the textile (4) lying on top of one another being welded to one another partially and in particular in a punctiform pattern by supplying energy to the folded body (20).

Abstract: A method is provided of processing a food order in a table service restaurant. The method comprises receiving a food order including a table identifier, and electronically by a computer terminal, printing a food order label including the table identifier and providing the printed food order label. The method also comprises by a food preparer, preparing a food dish based upon the printed food order label, and by the food preparer, placing the prepared food dish in a position in vicinity of the printed food order label. The method further comprises by the food preparer or a food server, picking up the prepared food dish and attaching the printed food order label to the food dish with the table identifier being visible, and by a food server, delivering the prepared food dish to the table indicated by the visible table identifier on the printed food order label and thereby delivering the prepared food dish to a customer in the table service restaurant.

Abstract: A laminate is provided, more particularly an adhesive tape, comprising a) a release liner having at least one carrier layer (CL) and also, applied to this carrier layer (CL), at least one silicone coating (SC) of specific addition-crosslinked or radically crosslinked pressure-sensitive silicone adhesives, and b) at least one further layer (L1), comprising polyacrylate-based adhesives with low tack at room temperature or heat-activable bondable adhesives which have little or no pressure-sensitive adhesion at room temperature. The use of an arrangement as a release liner is also provided, where the arrangement comprises a carrier layer (CL) and also, applied to this carrier layer (CL), a silicone coating (SC) of specific addition-crosslinked or radically crosslinked pressure-sensitive silicone adhesives.

Abstract: A method of use protects a door hinge from splattered paint while allowing movement of the door, because the barrel portion is covered by the non-adhesive central portion of a masking tape. Use of a specialized roll of painter's masking tape includes the steps of having a longitudinal narrow region in the center without adhesive, in between two outer left and right regions which include adhesive. This non-adhesive center region is sized to match the circumference of the pin barrel exposed on the front of the hinge when opened flat. The tape is cut at predetermined lengths to form disposable masks for masking door hinges. The same tape is used for masking at least a portion of both the front butt plates as well as all of the back pin barrel side of the hinge. The front mask does not impede movement of the attached door, which can be pivotably opened to 180 degrees.

Abstract: Wavelength-selective films are visibly apparent under the selective wavelength. Wavelength-selective films typically reflect off axis the selected wavelength and therefore can provide high-contrast against a background when applied in a pattern on a substrate. However, it is difficult to apply unique patterned embedded images from film. Disclosed is a cost-effective method and construction of a patterned wavelength-selective image to a substrate. In the disclosed wavelength-selective image, wavelength-selective film particles are applied to an adhesive pattern to create the wavelength-selective image.

Abstract: A protective film is provided. The protective film includes a release film, a base film which is disposed on the release film and comprises a protective part and a first pull tab part protruding from a first side surface of the protective part, and a first dummy film which is disposed on the release film, does not overlap the base film in a plan view, and comprises a part partially surrounding the first pull tab part, where edges of the base film and edges of the first dummy film are disposed inside edges of the release film in the plan view.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to roofing composites. In some embodiments, the roofing composite includes a first layer having a top surface. In some embodiments, the top surface of the first layer comprises a first embossed surface portion, a second embossed surface portion, and a flat surface portion between the first and second embossed surface portions. In some embodiments, the flat surface portion is between the first and second embossed surface portions. In some embodiments, the roofing composite is configured to attach to a roof structure, such as a roof deck. Methods of forming roofing composited are also disclosed.

Abstract: A label web and method utilize a substrate, first and second longitudinally spaced label arrays each including two or more double-sided adhesive labels removably attached to the substrate, and a peelable protective covering web extending generally coextensive with the substrate. The label arrays and the peelable protective web are configured such that the peelable protective web is selectively removable to expose the first label array while remaining removably attached to the second label array, with both the first and second label arrays remaining removably attached to the substrate, to thereby facilitate removal of all labels in the first label array as a group while the peelable protective covering web remains in place over the second label array.

Abstract: A liner in a label-liner combination is provided with a die cut portion made in the liner. The die cut portion is aligned with at least one edge in a label and a front side of the liner is attached to a backside of the label. The die cut portion of the liner is adapted to be removed from the liner when the label is removed from the label-liner combination. Dimensions, and orientation, and a location of the die cut portion in the liner are adapted to allow the label to be removed from the label-liner combination and applied to a surface by digits of a hand without touching an adhesive coating on the backside of the label and adapted to maintain proper printer waste liner spool operations when the liner is wound after application of the label.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for applying a material (30) to a fiber composite component within an application region (13) of the fiber composite component, the fiber composite component being produced from a fiber composite material having a fiber material (11) and a matrix material (12), the method comprising the following steps: —providing at least one monofilament woven fabric (20), in which a plurality of or all threads each consist of a single filament, —arranging the at least one monofilament woven fabric (20) on a fiber preform (10) in the application region (13), which fiber preform is formed from the fiber material (11) of the fiber composite material, —curing, in a common process step, the matrix material (12) of the fiber composite material, which matrix material embeds the fibers material (11) of the fiber preform (10), and a matrix material (12) embedding the monofilament woven fabric (20), thereafter the matrix material (12) of the fiber preform (10) and the matrix material (12) of the mon

Abstract: Cards made in accordance with the invention include a decorative layer attached to a core layer, where the decorative layer is designed to provide selected color(s) and/or selected texture(s) to a surface of the metal cards. At least one of the decorative layers is a layer derived from plant matter (e.g., wood). The cards may be dual interface smart cards that can be read in a contactless manner and/or via contacts.

Abstract: Compositions including a polyamide, and compaction rollers for an automated fiber placement machine incorporating the composition are provided. The polyamide may be a reaction product of at least one diamine and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, a hydroxy benzoic acid, or their respective ester or acyl halide derivatives. The at least one diamine may include an amino terminated perfluorinated alkyl ether polymer or oligomer. The composition may have a thermal conductivity of from about 0.2 to about 50 Watts per meter Kelvin (Wm?1K?1).

Abstract: An example technique may include depositing, on or adjacent a substrate, a first volume of a polymeric material using an additive manufacturing technique. The first volume of the polymeric material has a first degree of polymer orientation associated with a first deposition rate and a first temperature. The example technique may include depositing, on or adjacent the substrate or the first volume of material, at least one second volume of the polymeric material. The second volume of the polymeric material has a second degree of polymer orientation associated with a second deposition rate and a second temperature. The first volume and the second volume are configured to respond to a shape change stimulus by exhibiting a respective first change in dimension and a second change in dimension. The first change in dimension is different from the second change in dimension by a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A resist layer forming method includes a process of laminating a resist layer on a base at a first pressure using a laminate roller having a first temperature, and a process of pressing the resist layer against the base at a second pressure higher than the first pressure using a metal plate having a second temperature lower than the first temperature.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a closed porous composite material includes 1) preparing a mixture that has 30 to 70 parts by weight of water-dispersed resin, 10 to 300 parts by weight of unexpanded thermal expansion microspheres, and 100 to 550 parts by weight of water, and stirring the mixture thoroughly; 2) preparing a carrier; 3) coating the carrier with the mixture acquired in step 1; 4) heating the carrier so that the unexpanded thermal expansion microspheres expand; and 5) repeating steps 3 and 4 multiple times to acquire a closed porous composite material. The closed porous composite material has a large number of closed cavities and polymer walls separating the closed cavities. The closed cavity is 20 ?m to 800 ?m in size. The ratio of a total volume of the closed cavities to a total volume of the polymer walls is greater than 16.

Abstract: A method for assembling an information handling system display may include attaching a first side of a strip of double-sided tape to a display panel cover. A display panel may then be aligned with the display panel cover, and, when aligned, the display panel may be in contact with a release paper attached to a second side of the double-sided tape. The release paper may then be removed from the double-sided tape while the display panel is in contact with the release paper. A first surface of the display panel may be attached to the second side of the double-sided tape as the release paper is removed.

Abstract: A sealing film, comprising a carrier film and a plurality of functional layers comprising at least two color display layers and at least two adhesion-controlling layers, the sealing film having an adhesive layer for fastening to a base surface, the carrier film being at least partially detachable from the functional layers in order to bring the sealing film from a first state into a second state, at least one symbol arrangement being optically visible at least in a remainder in the second state, which at least one symbol arrangement is arranged in a first subregion and a second subregion.

Abstract: A roofing composite membrane includes a base layer including a first thermoplastic polyolefin. A weight of the base layer is between 5 and 25 grams per square foot. A coating layer at least partially coats the base layer. The coating layer includes at least one inorganic additive, and a second thermoplastic polyolefin including polypropylene and having a melt flow rate between 0.5 grams per 10 minutes and 12 grams per 10 minutes.

Abstract: Described are methods for processing microelectronic device substrates by a lapping step, e.g., a final lapping step, wherein the step includes the use of an elastomeric pressure-sensitive adhesive to secure the microelectronic device substrate to a carrier that holds the substrate to a surface of the carrier during the lapping step, and wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be a non-polysilicone based adhesive having mechanical properties that include a tan delta that is below about 0.2.

Abstract: A base tape includes an accommodating section having a rectangular or substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and the base tape includes a surface layer including a carbon layer. The accommodating section includes a bottom surface portion, a side wall portion including a plurality of surfaces, and an opening portion. The side wall portion includes at at least one surface thereof an edge portion located between the bottom surface portion and the opening portion and an electrical discharge path portion inclined from the edge portion toward the opening portion. An electronic component array includes the base tape, an electronic component accommodated in the accommodating section of the base tape, and a cover tape that covers the accommodating section.

Abstract: A display module includes a display panel which is bent at opposing ends thereof and includes a flat area and a bent area which extends bent from the flat area, a panel protective film facing both the flat area and the bent area of the display panel, and a release film removably attached to the panel protective film. The release film includes a first release film facing both the flat area and the bent area of the display panel with the panel protective film therebetween, a second release film facing the display panel with the first release film therebetween, a third release film between the first release film and the second release film and corresponding to the bent area, and a first adhesive layer between the third release film and the second release film and attaches the third release film to the second release film.

Abstract: A method is provided of processing a food order in a table service restaurant. The method comprises receiving a food order including a table identifier, and electronically by a computer terminal, printing a food order label including the table identifier and providing the printed food order label. The method also comprises by a food preparer, preparing a food dish based upon the printed food order label, and by the food preparer, placing the prepared food dish in a position in vicinity of the printed food order label. The method further comprises by the food preparer or a food server, picking up the prepared food dish and attaching the printed food order label to the food dish with the table identifier being visible, and by a food server, delivering the prepared food dish to the table indicated by the visible table identifier on the printed food order label and thereby delivering the prepared food dish to a customer in the table service restaurant.

Abstract: A nanofiber sheet includes: a substrate layer; and a nanofiber layer located on one surface side of the substrate layer and containing nanofibers of a polymer compound. A peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer has a thickness of from 0.1 to 10 ?m. The nanofiber layer includes a gradation region having a thickness that gradually increases inward from the peripheral edge. The distance W1 between the peripheral edge of the nanofiber layer and a maximum thickness portion where the thickness becomes the greatest in the gradation region is at least 3 mm. A nanofiber sheet manufacturing method involves depositing nanofibers onto a collecting unit by moving at least either a nozzle or the collecting unit, to thereby manufacture a predetermined nanofiber sheet including a gradation region.

Abstract: This invention, in embodiments, relates to a roofing material comprising (a) a coated substrate having a top surface and a back surface, and (b) a plurality of roofing granules applied to the top surface of the coated substrate. The plurality of roofing granules comprises from 50% to 100% of unitary, uncoated, non-mineral based particles. This invention, in embodiments, further relates to a method of preparing such roofing material.

Abstract: Adhesives for use in polishing pads in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) applications are described. The adhesives include an adhesive component and exhibit particular properties. Also described are transfer tapes containing the adhesives, CMP pads utilizing the adhesives, and related methods of use.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a removable information sheet includes: forming a toner image on a recording medium; applying an energy-ray-curable pressure-sensitive composition precursor onto the medium to form an energy-ray-curable pressure-sensitive composition precursor layer; irradiating, with an energy ray, the medium to cure the layer and form an energy-ray-curable pressure-sensitive composition; and attaching faces with the composition and pressure-bonding the faces. A region size of a toner-image flat part is 200 ?m or less in the image, which is determined by a measurement method including: defining a site at a depth of 2 ?m or more from a surface of a solid part of the image as a recess; defining a site other than the recess as the flat part; acquiring and binarizing a micrograph of the solid part; drawing circles out of contact with the recess; and defining a largest circle diameter as the size of the flat part.

Abstract: An assembly is disclosed. The assembly has an adhesive layer, a protective film layer that is fused to a first side of the adhesive layer along a first length, and a cover layer that is fused to a second side of the adhesive layer along a second length. The first length is longer than the second length. The adhesive layer is wound in a roll. The second side of the adhesive layer faces outwardly from a center of the roll.

Abstract: Curable adhesive compositions are provided that can be cured using ultraviolet or visible light radiation. These curable adhesive compositions, which contain a curable (meth)acrylate copolymer, have a creep compliance that is less than 5(10?4) inverse Pascals at 25° C., a creep compliance that is greater than 1(10?3) inverse Pascals at 70° C., and a shear storage modulus greater than 40 kiloPascals when measured at 25° C. at a frequency of 1 radian/second.

Abstract: A label including a first strip including a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first strip includes an opaque material. The first strip further includes a first area proximate the first end. The first area includes a first length along a longitudinal axis common to the first strip. The label also includes a second strip including a third end and a fourth end opposite the third end, wherein the second strip includes a transparent material. The second strip is laminated over the first strip such that the third end is disposed outside the first area. The fourth end extends beyond the second end a distance at least equal to the first length.

Abstract: A method for preparing a material for use as a surface of a medical device may include printing, with an ink jet printer and using ink that is curable with ultraviolet light, content onto a surface of material that includes woven ticking fabric laminated with polyurethane. The method may also include curing the ink with the ultraviolet light. The method may also include cutting a section of the material in registration to the content printed on the surface for use in a medical device.

Abstract: Implementations described herein generally relate to flexible display devices and cover lens assemblies with flexible cover lens. In one or more embodiments, a cover lens assembly is provided and includes a first flexible cover lens, a second flexible cover lens, and a sacrificial adhesion disposed between the first flexible cover lens and the second flexible cover lens. The first flexible cover lens includes a first hard coat layer having a hardness in a range from about 4H to about 9H and a first substrate. The second flexible cover lens includes a second hard coat layer having a hardness in a range from about 2H to about 9H. The first substrate is disposed between the first hard coat layer and the sacrificial adhesion layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sensing a tire parameter from a rotating wheel are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes: a rotatable component configured to rotate; a piezoelectric transducer disposed along a circumference of the rotatable component, where the piezoelectric transducer is configured to generate an offload voltage based on a mechanical deformation of the piezoelectric transducer; and at least one processor in communication with the piezoelectric transducer, the at least one processor configured to determine a temperature value based on the offload voltage.

Abstract: [PROBLEM] To provide an antifouling film equipped with protective film having an antifouling layer with excellent antifouling characteristics even after aging, and to a method for manufacturing same. [SOLUTION MEANS] An antifouling film equipped with protective film in which protective film is laminated on an antifouling layer of an antifouling film having an antifouling layer on a substrate film X, the antifouling film equipped with protective film being such that, when the protective film is detached from the antifouling film, a contact angle of water with respect to a surface of the protective film that had been in contact with the antifouling layer of the antifouling film is 90° to 115°. And also a method for manufacturing the aforementioned antifouling film equipped with protective film in which aging is carried out under certain temperature conditions while the protective film is laminated to a surface of the antifouling layer.

Abstract: [PROBLEM] To provide an antifouling film equipped with protective film having an antifouling layer with excellent antifouling characteristics even after aging, and to a method for manufacturing same. [SOLUTION MEANS] An antifouling film equipped with protective film in which protective film is laminated on an antifouling layer of an antifouling film having an antifouling layer on a substrate film X, the antifouling film equipped with protective film being such that, when the protective film is detached from the antifouling film, a contact angle of water with respect to a surface of the protective film that had been in contact with the antifouling layer of the antifouling film is 90° to 115°. And also a method for manufacturing the aforementioned antifouling film equipped with protective film in which aging is carried out under certain temperature conditions while the protective film is laminated to a surface of the antifouling layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a roll of stock material for making a label having a shelf portion with pressure sensitive adhesive and a bib portion with deadened adhesive is provided. The shelf portion includes a layer of polymer. A continuous layer of paper is bonded to a continuous layer of polymer with applied strips of catalyzed adhesive from a roller. Unbonded strips of polymer are kiss-cut and removed to expose the paper between bonded strips of polymer. A continuous layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied over the polymer and exposed paper. Strips of deadening agent are applied over the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive that overlays the exposed paper. The pressure sensitive adhesive and deadening agent are cured and a release layer is applied over them.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a water drainage-promoting wrap for applications such as housewrap and roofing underlayment. A substrate, which may be breathable or non-breathable, is conveyed through a nip between a rotating sleeve and a roll, the sleeve having a plurality of apertures therein. A fluid resin composition is fed into the sleeve and is fed out through the apertures in the sleeve as it rotates and as the substrate moves through the nip, forming spaced-apart spacer elements on a face of the substrate. The spacer elements are then dried or cured.