Abstract: Silicon carbide particles coated with a pigmented coating result in silicon carbide particles which can be used in slip resistant flooring to achieve the desired slip resistance whilst giving improved aesthetic properties. The pigmented coating can be an organic coating such as a two part epoxy system or a water based or solvent based epoxy. Alternatively the pigmented coating can be an inorganic coating such as a ceramic glaze. Also provided are methods of coating silicon carbide particles with either an organic or an inorganic pigmented coating. Further provided are safety flooring materials including silicon carbide particles having a pigmented coating.

Abstract: A new class of surface modified particles and a multi-step Michael-type addition surface modification process for the preparation of the same is provided. The multi-step Michael-type addition surface modification process involves two or more reactions to compatibilize particles with various host systems and/or to provide the particles with particular chemical reactivities. The initial step comprises the attachment of a small organic compound to the surface of the inorganic particle. The subsequent steps attach additional compounds to the previously attached organic compounds through reactive organic linking groups. Specifically, these reactive groups are activated carbon—carbon pi bonds and carbon and non-carbon nucleophiles that react via Michael or Michael-type additions.

Abstract: An aggregate turf filler for use with the turf of athletic fields and landscaped areas which comprise crushed silica sand particles (SiO2) which are substantially round in shape and are sized to be between 12 and 40 mesh. An acrylic based sealer covering the outer surface of each of the silica sand particles. Finally, providing that the silica sand particles have a smooth outer surface, possess an angle of repose of less than 30°, repel water, resist compacting, present no damaging sharp edges when incorporated with the turf and are environmentally safe.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating element, a coated fibrous web, and methods for manufacturing the same. The invention also relates to a particle granule. The coating element comprises a pigment binder structure granule formed from pigment particles and a binding agent and, possibly, additives, the pigment particles being bound to one another through a binding agent. According to the invention, the shape of the granule is essentially rotationally symmetrical, comprising an inner part and a crust part, the density of the inner part being lower than the crust part. The granules can be prepared by spray drying from aqueous slurry that contains a pigment, binder, and possible additives. The shape of the coating elements can be altered by using controlled deformation. They can be flattened, for example, by calendering to form the surface of a desired shape, and attached to the surface of the fibrous web without a separate binder or by adding a small amount of binder only.

Abstract: The present-invention relates to optical elements comprising fluorochemical surface treatments. The invention further relates to materials such as retroreflective sheetings, pavement markings and beaded projection screens comprising a binder and the surface treated optical elements.

Abstract: A core-shell particle including a signal-generating substance therein, wherein the core-shell particle consists of (1) a core portion substantially made of a water-insoluble polymer compound; and (2) a shell portion substantially made of a water-soluble polymer compound having a reactive functional group, and covering a surface of the core portion in the manner of bristles of a brush; and the core portion and the shell portion are, as a whole, a block copolymer of a water-insoluble polymer and a water-soluble polymer, characterized in that the signal-generating substance is included in the core portion, is disclosed, and a process for producing the same is also disclosed. The core-shell particle including a signal-generating substance therein is useful as a labeling substance in which neither radioisotopes having handling restrictions nor unstable enzymes are required, a high sensitivity superior to fluorescent substances is achieved, and nonspecific absorption does not occur.

Abstract: Ceramic aggregate particles comprising a plurality of solid particulates bonded together by ceramic binding material and methods of providing a plurality of such particles having substantially uniform cross-sectional shape are provided. The ceramic aggregate particles may incorporate a high percentage of solid particulates. The ceramic binding material may closely conform to the outermost surfaces of the solid particulates contained within the ceramic aggregate particle. When abrasive particulates are employed as the solid particulates, abrasive articles can be made which provide consistent high cut rates and consistent surface finish over relatively long periods of time.

Abstract: A method for coating particles and the coated particles obtained thereby are disclosed. The particles are first placed in a solution of a first monomer that forms a self-assembling monolayer on the particles thereby forming coated particles. The coated particles are then suspended in a second solution that includes a chemical species and an initiator for oxidative polymerization. The chemical species has a higher oxidation potential than the monomers. In addition, the chemical species form a homopolymer in the presence of the initiator that is covalently bound to the first monomers. Particles of semiconductors such as TiO2, SiO2, SnO2, Al2O3 can be coated with polymers that alter the bandgap energy of the semiconducting particles and/or provide other useful surface chemistries.

Abstract: A controlled-release additive composition for use in aqueous systems. The composition comprises a core containing at least one additive component and a polymeric coating encapsulating said core. The controlled released cooling additive composition slowly releases the additive components to aqueous system, thereby delivering an effective concentration level of additive components over an extended period.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a production process for a particulate water-absorbent resin with high productivity, which production process is carried out in such a manner that the particulate water-absorbent resin will contain particles with particle diameters of 150 to 850 ?m (but excluding 850 ?m) in an amount of not smaller than 75 weight % of the particulate water-absorbent resin after the pulverization step or after the pulverization step and the drying step even if the adjustment of the particle diameters is not carried out by the sieving classification procedure; a novel particulate water-absorbent resin having high properties; and a sanitary material comprising this particulate water-absorbent resin.

Abstract: An electrically conductive thermoplastic elastomer composite comprising an elastomer matrix and particles coated with metal as an electrically conductive filler. The electrically conductive particles are at least partly coated with a self-assembled monomolecular layer. Alternatively, the coating may comprise molecular wires that settle between the self-assembled molecules. The resistivity of the thermoplastic elastomer of the invention is low and does not substantially increase by the action of compression.

Abstract: A structure (1) for reflecting light uses at least two materials having different refractive indices. The structure (1) for reflecting light includes a first material (2) having light transmittance, and a plurality of fine structures (3) made of a second material, placed within the first material (2), with regularity sufficient to express reflection functions of light based on diffraction and scattering actions.

Abstract: A method for preparing water-stable semiconductor nanocrystal complexes that can be stably coupled to tertiary molecules using a self-assembled coating of diblock polymers. The diblock polymers have hydrophilic ends containing hydrophilic functional groups and hydrophobic ends containing hydrophobic functional groups. The diblock polymers are assembled around a semiconductor nanocrystal having a lyophilic surface outer layer. The diblock polymers are further crosslinked via bridging molecules that link adjacent diblock polymers through the hydrophilic functional groups of the hydrophilic ends of the diblock polymers to form a semiconductor nanocrystal complex. The functional groups present on the outer surface of the amphiphilic diblock polymer may serve as attachment sites for coupling tertiary molecules to the semiconductor nanocrystal complex.

Abstract: Disclosed are porous polymer/carrier solid phase reactants which consist of a polymer that consists of fine particles and is situated in the pore space of porous carrier materials. Reactive groups are bound to the polymer. Said groups act as reactants in organic-chemical syntheses. Said solid phase reactants can be produced as bulk material or tubes, plates or rods, can be built in pressure sealed housings and can be used in flow-through apparatuses or microtitration fields for the synthesis of organic products. Potential active agents can be produced at high speed by using the inventive porous polymer/carrier solid phase reactants that can be flown through convectively, whereby production requires only little isolation and cleaning.

Abstract: A hardening type reactive particles which contain a carbodiimide compound in such a way to have the reactive performance the carbodiimide group inherently has only in the surface layer section or both surface layer section and inside of the base particle, without deforming shape of the base particle. The hardening type reactive particles each comprising a base particle (A) of thermoplastic resin having a functional group and carbodiimide compound (B) impregnated only in the surface layer section or both surface layer section and inside of the base particle, wherein the base particle (A) and carbodiimide compound (B) are strong bonded to each other by the crosslinking reaction taking place under heating between the functional group in the former and carbodiimide group in the latter, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of coloring or coating particles, such as small stones, recycled plastic fragments or recycles rubber fragments comprises mixing the particles with curable liquid resin coating in a mixture, wherein the weight of the coating is within the range of 0.2 percent to 20 percent of the weight of the particles, accelerating the curing when needed by heating, radiation, or additional chemicals to speed the cure, and continuing to agitate the mixture in the mixer until the coating is cured. Preferably, the coated particles are recycled rubber fragments, and the particle size is larger than 0.1 mm, preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The colored particles can be used as a cheap substitute colored EPTM granules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pulverulent polymer post-crosslinked on the surface and absorbing water or aqueous liquids, synthesised from polymerised, optionally pre-crosslinked monomers containing partially neutralised carboxyl groups. The present invention also relates to a process for the post-treatment of the aforementioned polymers and the use of a solution of at least one salt of an at least trivalent cation for restoring the gel permeability of the aforementioned polymers that have been damaged by mechanical action.

Abstract: The surface of the body of powder additive for use in powder metallurgy is coated with an organic binder, thereby obtaining powder additive to cause adhesion of the powder additive to the surface of iron-based powder by the organic binder, thereby providing a powder additive with no segregation of components and excellent flowability and compression, and an iron-based powder mixture manufactured by mixing the powder additive and the iron-based powder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fuel filter for use with internal combustion engines. The fuel filter includes a fuel additive that can be released into fuel. The rate of release for the fuel can be controlled. In one form the fuel additive can be mixed with a matrix material and released at a substantially constant rate to maintain a uniform level of fuel additive in the fuel. Use of the present invention provides a fuel filter having an extended life span that is longer than fuel filters typically used with combustion engines.

Abstract: The red phosphorus base flame retardant for an epoxy resin is provided, which has red phosphorus particles coated with a thermosetting resin containing an anhydrous zinc compound. The coated red phosphorus has properties that a slurry having the coated red phosphorus dispersed in 10% by weight into water at 20° C. has an electric conductivity of 30 ?s/cm or below, the slurry having been left standing at 80° C. for 20 hours has an electric conductivity of 150 ?s/cm or below, and when 80 ml of water is added to 8 g of the coated red phosphorus and heated at 80° C. for 20 hours, a concentration of PO4 ions eluted is 10 ppm or below.

Abstract: Polymer particles are provided having (1) a core with a glass transition temperature within a range of ?50° to +110° C. and (2) a shell surrounding the core. The core comprises at least one layer, with the layer(s) comprising at least one polymerized hydrophobic monomer and, optionally, a first cross-linker. The shell comprises a copolymerized mixture of least one hydrophobic monomer and at least one hydrophilic monomer and a second cross-linker for increasing thermal shear stability by forming cross-linkages. Use of these polymer particles in aqueous-based ink-jet inks provide laser print quality without any secondary treatment.

Abstract: An improved coated phosphor filler for an optical device includes a plurality of individual phosphor filler particles, and a coating layer having a plastic substance coated on each of the phosphor filler particles.

Abstract: A vacuum tube having its anode/collector coated with carbonized resin plus pyrocarbon material to reduce out-gassing and secondary electron emission and the method of coating the anode/collector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing silica microcapsules and more particularly, to a process for preparing silica microcapsules comprising the steps of dissolving tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) into an aqueous solution containing a hydrolysis catalyst to control a degree of hydrolysis and contribute hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, adding a core material and an appropriate amount of aminopropyltrialkoxysilane(APS) as a gelling agent into the solution, and emulsifying and dispersing the resulting solution to a solution having a polarity opposite to that of the core material to microcapsulate by coating the core material with silica shell via a sol-gel reaction. The process for preparing microcapsules of the present invention reduces environmental pollution compared to conventional processes using an alkali gelling agent such as an ammonia solution, and are suitable for both organic or inorganic core materials having hydrophilic or lipophilic property.

Abstract: Electrophoretic particles for electrophoretic display having excellent dispersibility and dispersion stability with time for insulating media, and being protected against coagulation, settling and the like, a process for production of the electrophoretic particles having high versatility for pigments to be used in response to a full-color display, and an electrophoretic display device using the electrophoretic particles that has an excellent memory property and is highly reliable are provided. The electrophoretic particles are formed using as at least a part of structure a pigment with at least a part of the surface covered with polyhydroxyalkanoate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an anisotropically conductive sheet capable of holding charge in its surfaces under an unpressurised state, and moving the charge held in the surface in a thickness-wise direction thereof in a state pressurised in the thickness-wise direction, thereby controlling the quantity of the charge at the surface. This anisotropically conductive sheet comprises a sheet base composed of an elastomer and conductive particles exhibiting magnetism contained in the sheet base in a state oriented so as to arrange in rows in a thickness-wise direction of the sheet base, and dispersed in a plane direction thereof. Supposing that a volume resistivity in the thickness-wise direction under an unpressurised state is R0, and a volume resistivity in the thickness-wise direction in a state pressurised under a pressure of 1 g/mm2 in the thickness-wise direction is R1, the volume resistivity R1 is 1×107 to 1×1012 ?·m, and a ratio (R0/R1) of the volume resistivity R0 to the volume resistivity R1 is 1×101 to 1×104.

Abstract: Described is a water-absorbent composition containing from 30 to 100% by weight, based on the water-absorbent composition, of water-insoluble water-swellable hydrogels characterized by the following features: Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) of at least 24 g/g, Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) of at least 80×10?7 cm3 s/g and Free Swell Rate (FSR) of at least 0.15 g/g s and/or Vortex Time of not more than 160 s.

Abstract: Buoyant, sphere-like materials on the order of about 10 to about 300 microns and surrounded, at least in part, by (1) a variable blend of a ferromagnetic and paramagnetic material and (2) an absorbing or adsorbing material are effective vehicles for isolating targeted materials. By virtue of its relatively low density, the composite material is capable of remaining sufficiently suspended in solution for a suitable amount of time. In addition, the blend of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials allows for the isolation of a composite material from an environment such as a solution, yet discourages substantial self-attachment of the composite materials in solution, when subject to a magnetic field. Accordingly, multiple embodiments of composite materials having these and other properties are disclosed, as well as methods for making and using the same.

Abstract: A method for the production of a robust, chemically stable, crystalline, passivated nanoparticle and composition containing the same, that emit light with high efficiencies and size-tunable and excitation energy tunable color. The methods include the thermal degradation of a precursor molecule in the presence of a capping agent at high temperature and elevated pressure. A particular composition prepared by the methods is a passivated silicon nanoparticle composition displaying discrete optical transitions.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to provide a forgery/alteration protective material which containing a retroreflecting material and having an improved forgery/alteration protecting effect against the process of the upper part of the material. In order to achieve the above purpose, the forgery/alteration protective material 2 according to the invention where a retroreflecting material 4 for returning the incident light substantially along the path along which the incident light travels is provided and a transparent film 6 is layered on the retroreflecting material 4 is characterized in that a low transmittance layer 8 formed of a material having a lowerer light transmittance than that of the transparent film 6 is provided between the retroreflecting material 4 and the transparent film layer 6, and the light transmittance of the low transmittance layer 8 is 45% or higher to the light in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 700 nm.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a microcomposite powder comprising: flat graphite particles GLP having sides from 50 to 1000 &mgr;m and a thickness from 5 to 50 &mgr;m, consisting of agglomerates of more elementary graphite particles joined together and superimposed so that their principal planes are mutually parallel, said particles being covered with particles of a fluoropolymer from 0.1 to 0.5 &mgr;m in size.

Abstract: This invention relates to window films and more particularly to a low haze colored window film wherein coloration of the window film is effected with a pigment. The invention further is concerned with a process for the manufacture of the pigmented window film. The window film of this invention is pigmented with a pigment having small particle size wherein the particles are coated with a resin binder which encapsulates the pigment particles. The encapsulated pigment particles are blended into an adhesive which is compatible with the resin binder which is used to encapsulate the pigment particles. The resulting adhesive is used to secure one or more film layers of a composite window film structure together. The resulting films have haze levels which approximate the haze levels of dyed window films. The window films of this invention have outstanding light stability.

Abstract: In order to provide a method by means of which the surface of substrates can be protected from corrosive attack and which, in particular, avoids the necessity for oxidative treatment to form oxide layers on surfaces or for phosphatizing or chromatizing treatment steps and is, in addition, simple to apply, it is proposed that the substrate be brought into contact with a solution of a polymer which exhibits UCST properties and which is caused to be deposited onto the surface of the substrate as a layer by decreasing the temperature of the polymer solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to mouldings having an optical effect which essentially consist of core/shell particles whose shell forms a matrix and whose core is essentially solid and has an essentially monodisperse size distribution, where a difference exists between the refractive indices of the core material and of the shell material. The mouldings are characterised in that they are obtainable by a process in which the core/shell particles are heated to a temperature at which the shell is flowable, and the flowable core/shell particles are subjected to the action of a mechanical force.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microcomposite powder comprising particles from 1 um to 300 um of an electrically conductive product, which are coated with particles from 0.1 &mgr;m to 0.5 &mgr;m of a fluoropolymer. According to one advantageous form of the invention the microcomposite powder comprises a product (A) which is a polymer or an oligomer which can be dissolved with a solvent which is not a solvent for the fluoropolymer or for the electrically conductive product. The present invention also relates to objects consisting of this powder. These objects may be bipolar plates for fuel cells, or supercapacitor components.

Abstract: A water-absorbing composite, containing water-absorbing polymer particles immobilized on a fibrous substrate wherein at least a part of said water-absorbing polymer particles consist of primary particles having an average particle diameter of about 50-1000 &mgr;m, wherein about 30% by weight or more of said primary particles are combined to form agglomerates having a shape satisfying the conditions below while nearly maintaining their primary particle shapes and a part of particles of said agglomerates are not adhered to said fibrous substrate. This water-absorbing composite shows excellent water-absorbing properties and a high water-absorbing speed, and most of the highly water-absorbing polymer is stably immobilized on the fibrous substrate and the immobility of swollen gel after absorbing water is also excellent.

Abstract: The invention relates to hollow balls having shells comprising a sintered inorganic material, such as metals, metal oxides or ceramic, and to methods for producing lightweight structural components using such hollow balls. According to the object of the invention, the application area is to be widened, processing to form structural components is to be made technologically simpler and the properties of the hollow balls and of the structural components produced therewith are to be improved for specific applications. For this purpose, an additional solid functional layer is formed on a shell on the hollow balls. The functional-layer material can then be made able to flow and plastically and/or elastically deformed as a result of a physical and/or chemical treatment.

Abstract: There are provided a composite which is formed of a component (a) or a component (b) and a component (c), or the component (a) or the component (b) and a component (d), and is suitable for various uses such as an electrically-conductive material, (a) oxidized form thin film particles which are obtained by oxidizing graphite, have a carbon skeleton, have a thickness of 0.4 nm to 10 nm and a planar-direction size of at least 20 nm and have lyophilic to a liquid having a relative dielectric constant of at least 15, (b) reduced form thin film particles obtained by partially or completely reducing the above thin film particles so as to have an oxygen content of 0 to 35 wt %, (c) a macromolecule as a matrix component, and (d) low molecular-weight parts which bond a plurality of the thin film particles by a covalent bond, a process for the production of the composite, and a method for reducing oxidized form thin film particles.

Abstract: In order to reduce the heat transfer coefficient of coated building panels, the coating and the building panel have a high voidage. This high voidage can be obtained by using a fiber mat and a porous coating applied to the fiber mat. The porous coating includes porous glass particles and a low amount of a binder. The porous glass particles are held together by binder bridges, including a silicate binder and a low amount of an organic dispersion binder, for example an polymeric styrol acrylate. The partial volume filled by the binder bridges is small and therefore there is a remarkable first empty partial volume in between the porous particles. A second empty partial volume is located within the glass particles. The total volume of all pores of the glass particles is a relevant part of the total coating volume. This second empty partial volume is a very good thermal isolation because the individual pores are small and to a high percentage closed chambers not connected to the ambient.

Abstract: Fluoropolymer powder particles which are surface treated so as to change the chemical functionality on their surfaces which in turn changes the surfaces characteristics. These characteristics improve the usefulness of these powders and can make them wettable. The surface treated fluoropolymer particles are subject to an atmospheric plasma treatment process, and preferably pretreated with a macromolecular chemical species prior to the atmospheric plasma treatment. The atmospheric plasma treatment enhances adhesion to the powder surface and can also enhance cross-linking of the macromolecular chemical species. The surface treated fluoropolymer powders can be used to form fluoropolymer coatings on various substrates.

Abstract: Non-magnetic composite particles composed of non-magnetic core particles having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.3 &mgr;m, and inorganic fine particles having an average particle size of 0.001 to 0.07 &mgr;m. The fine particles are present in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the non-magnetic particles are on the surface of each non-magnetic particle, and are fixed or anchored on the surface of each non-magnetic particle through a silicon compound The non-magnetic composite particles have a high polishing effect and a high dispersibility, and are useful as a non-magnetic undercoat layer for a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to coloring pigment granulates and a method for producing the same. The aim of the invention is to provide a granulate and a method for economically producing the same. The granulate disintegrates very quickly once added to a building material that is to be colored. To this end, the granulates are comprised of granulate cores which do not contain binding agents, which have a granular size ranging from 0.1 to 8 mm and which are enclosed by an enveloping layer made of a material that can be broken down. In addition, the granulates have a moisture content <30% and the granulates that do not contain binding agents are produced in a pregranulator, are compacted immediately after granulation and are subsequently subjected to a screening process. Lastly, the useful granular fraction that has been separated out during the screening process is enclosed with an enveloping material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for encapsulating an inorganic component in a wax, wherein the method comprises the following steps: i) subjecting the inorganic component to shearing forces such that deagglomeration of the inorganic component takes place, which step is carried out in the presence of the wax, with the wax functioning as a spacer to prevent reagglomeration, ii) subsequently increasing the temperature of the mixture from step i) to a value above the melting temperature of the wax, iii) quickly cooling the mixture obtained in step ii), and finally iv) reducing the solidified mixture from step iii) so as to obtain a wax comprising an inorganic component. The invention further relates to a wax particle obtained by the method and to the use of such wax particles in water-based protection systems.

Abstract: Combustible core-shell particles have a nitro-resin core that is covered by an addition polymer shell in a weight ratio of from 20:1 to 0.2:1 (core:shell).

Abstract: Rubber powders with a high degree of filling are obtained by precipitating water-containing suspensions which contain fillers and rubber emulsions or rubber solutions. Use thereof to prepare vulcanizable rubber mixtures.

Abstract: Recycled rubber products are made in a two step process. In the first step, ground rubber is treated with a polyurethane binder to make a treated rubber. In the second step, the treated rubber is mixed with additional polyurethane binder and molded into finished products. This method uses less polyurethane binder than the conventional process, but the products have higher tensile strengths. The molding time is also reduced because of the reduced amount of polyurethane binder used.

Abstract: Methods are provided for coating glass waste. A mixture including a universal resin, a curing agent, a flow modifier, and a colorant is applied to the glass waste. The glass waste is then cured. In some embodiments, the mixture is sprayed onto the glass waste. In an alternative embodiment, the mixture is mixed with the glass waste.

Abstract: A white powder characterized by comprising base particles having on the surface thereof at least one coating film comprising a crystallized-particle aggregate which is capable of imparting a white color based on the scattering reflection of light and which comprises crystallized particles and has voids among the crystallized particles; a white powder characterized in that it comprises base particles having on the surface thereof at least one coating film comprising a crystallized-particle aggregate which comprises crystallized particles and has voids among the crystallized particles, and that a white color is imparted thereto based on the scattering reflection of light occurring between the surface of the crystallized particles and the voids; and processes for producing these.

Abstract: A composition or particle mixture (20) for equalizing radial and lateral forces at the tire/road footprint of a pneumatic tire (11) due to tire/wheel assembly imbalance, non-uniformity of the tire, temporary disturbances in the road surface, or other vibrational effects of the unsprung mass of a vehicle whereby the particle mixture (20) is inserted into the interior of the tire (11). The composition is a dry solid particle mixture (20) wherein the particles are freely flowable and non-tacky at elevated tire temperatures, the particle mixture (20) is essentially devoid of liquid material, and the particle mixture (20) comprises two or more sets of particles wherein each set consists essentially of particles of a predetermined size or size range. The particle mixture (20) exhibits a multimodal particle size distribution.

Abstract: A composite material for use as a lead replacement, comprising a high density metal such as tungsten (W), a lower density metal such as tin (Sn) and an organic additive is disclosed. Also disclosed are processes for forming such composites. The composite is particularly useful in ammunition.