Abstract: An electrical circuit board fluoropolymer substrate and method of manufacture thereof, comprising a fluoropolymer matrix that includes a mixture of a granular first fluoropolymer resin and a dispersion second fluoropolymer resin. Preferably, the first and second fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This mixture is suitable for forming unfilled or filled casting compositions to form thick films, or for dip-coating glass webs.

Abstract: A process for producing an article having a three-dimensional optical effect comprising a transparent substrate provided with a translucent simulated ice crystal formation having a controlled amount of fern-like patterns along with articles produced by this process.

Abstract: An encapsulant material includes a layer of metallocene polyethylene disposed between two layers of an acid copolymer of polyethylene. More specifically, the layer of metallocene polyethylene is disposed adjacent a rear surface of the first layer of the acid copolymer of polyethylene, and a second layer of the acid copolymer of polyethlene is disposed adjacent a rear surface of the layer of metallocene polyethylene. The encapsulant material can be used in solar cell module and laminated glass applications.

Abstract: Radiation-curable inner and outer primary optical fiber coatings are disclosed having both fast cure speed and reduced rates of yellowing. The compositions comprise particular photoinitiators and UV absorbers which are used in amounts to provide the combination of properties. The UV absorber can have ethylenic unsaturation. Outer primary coatings can be formulated to screen inner primary coatings and have fast cure speed.

Abstract: A transparent electromagnetic radiation shield panel suitable for placement in front of a TV display device, particularly a large plasma display panel, or other such source of electromagnetic radiation to shield the viewer from electromagnetic radiation is provided, which transparent electromagnetic radiation shield material comprises a transparent electromagnetic radiation shield film, a transparent adhesive layer provided on an electromagnetic radiation shield layer of the film, and a display panel having the transparent electromagnetic radiation shield film laminated thereto via the transparent adhesive layer.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to an ink-imprinted and reusable multilayer cling film of at least one layer for use in combination with a substrate having a rigid smooth surface comprising a non-vinyl flexible polymer cling film which has two smooth surfaces, is substantially free of added plasticizer and provides a 180° peel force after application to glass of from about 30 to about 2500 gms after aging in a 140° F. oven for 72 hours. In another embodiment, the invention relates to an ink-printed and reusable multilayer cling film of at least two layers which can cling to substrates having a rigid smooth surface without the use of an adhesive material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure sensitive adhesive foam with a percentage of theoretical density less than 90, wherein the foam has a peel adhesion of greater than about 1 N/cm and a compression set under constant deflection of less than about 60%. The present invention further includes a pressure sensitive adhesive foam comprising a thermoplastic block copolymer, a tackifying resin; an isocyanate terminated monomer or oligomer; a polymer comprising a backbone selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, polyester and polyether, wherein the polymer contains at least 2 active hydrogens capable of reacting with the isocyanate terminated monomer; and expandable particulate materials. The present invention further includes a pressure sensitive adhesive foam comprising a thermoplastic olefin polymer or copolymer, having a density less than 0.

Abstract: A fire-resistant glazing panel comprises at least two glass sheets, between which is placed a transparent fire-resistant material made of a cured alkali metal polysilicate hydrate. At least one glass sheet is provided, on its surface which is in contact with the fire-resistant material, with a primer layer, the adhesion of which to the fire-resistant layer decreases at the temperatures of the test of behaviour towards fire. At the temperature of the test of behaviour towards fire, the glass sheet exposed to the fire separates completely from the fire-resistant material. For this reason, the polysilicate fire-resistant shield remains intact, even when the glass sheet exposed to the fire shatters and when the fragments fall off.

Abstract: High clarity optical and safety glass laminate interlayer films and optical laminates are described. The films and their laminates comprise very low density polyethylene and/or its copolymers, preferably polymerized with metallocene catalysts, and modified with additives, such as coupling agents, clarifying or nucleation agents, UV-light absorbers, pigment or color concentrate, and IR-light blockers. The very low density polyethylene is laminated to EVA film for improved bondability in optical laminates.

Abstract: A substantially water-free, water-washable, energy-curable composition includes an epoxy oligomer and/or urethane oligomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated moieties, at least one alkoxylated polyol monomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated moieties and capable of being copolymerized with the oligomer, and a surface active agent capable of being integrated into the molecular structure of the cured polymer and further capable of rendering the uncured composition dispersible in water. Optionally, the composition can contain a photoinitiator. The composition is self-dispersible in water and is especially suitable for use as a coating material for a printing screen.

Abstract: A frequency-selective electromagnetic wave shielding material is used for shielding areas or devices from electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic wave shielding material has a substrate with a plurality of electroconductive loop parts which are spatially allocated on the substrate, wherein each of the electroconductive loop parts is insulated from all other electroconductive loop parts.

Abstract: The present invention provides stain-inhibiting protection to glass surfaces of stacked glass sheets utilizing one or more water-soluble organic acid dispersed in a matrix of a water-soluble polymer or mixtures thereof. Suitable water-soluble organic acids may be found in the groups consisting of hydroxy mono, di, tri and tetra carboxylic acids. In the preferred form of the invention, components such as humectants, bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents and surface active (wetting) agents may be included in the composition.

Abstract: Novel crystal gels and articles are formed from one or more block copolymers having at least one crystalline midblock and high levels of a plasticizer, said midblock segment having an amount of crystallinity sufficient to achieve improvements in one or more physical properties including improved crack propagation resistance, improved tear resistance, improved resistance to fatigue and resistance to catastrophic failure not obtainable in amorphous gels.

Abstract: An encapsulant material includes a layer of metallocene polyethylene disposed between two layers of ionomer. More specifically, the layer of metallocene polyethylene is disposed adjacent a rear surface of the first ionomer layer, and a second layer of ionomer is disposed adjacent a rear surface of the layer of metallocene polyethylene. The encapsulant material can be used in solar cell module and laminated glass applications.

Abstract: The presently claimed invention relates to polymeric assemblies which visibly change color in the presence of analyte. In particular, the presently claimed invention relates to liposomes comprising a plurality of lipid monomers, which comprises a polymerizable group, a hydrophilic head group and a hydrophobic tail group, and one or more ligands. Overall carbon chain length, and polymerizable group positioning on the monomer influence color change sensitivity to analyte concentrations.

Abstract: Smooth, patterned substrates useful in producing decorative cookware are formed by coating a base with a mixture of fluoropolymer and magnetic flakes and magnetically inducing an image in the polymer coating composition. The baked fluoropolymer release coating contains magnetizable flakes, a portion of the flakes being oriented in the plane of the substrate and a portion of said flakes being magnetically reoriented to form a pattern in the coating which is observed in reflected light, the flakes having a longest dimension which is greater than the thickness of said coating. The patterned substrate is formed by applying magnetic force through the edges of a magnetizable die positioned under a coated base to induce an imaging effect or pattern. The coating composition is then cured resulting in a smooth surface, patterned nonstick finish on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sizing composition for glass threads which comprises a solution of a viscosity of less than or equal to 400 cP containing less than 5% by weight of solvent and containing at least one base system which can be polymerised under the action of ultraviolet radiation or an electron beam, the said base system comprising at least one component that has a molecular mass of less than 750 and that has at least one reactive epoxy group and comprising at least 60% by weight of one or more components that have a molecular mass of less than 750 and that have at least one reactive group selected from the following groups: epoxy, hydroxy, vinyl ether, acrylic and methacrylic.The invention relates also to a process using this composition and to the threads coated with the said composition.

Abstract: A barrier-coated polyester film comprises a polyethylene terphthalate substrate, a primer composition containing a vinyl polymer wherein at least 75% of the polymer repeat units contain side groups having hydroxyl moieties, and a waterborne, inorganic barrier coating. The primer coating facilitates the application and binding of the subsequently applied waterborne barrier coating composition to the substrate.

Abstract: A sound insulating membrane and processes for forming, particularly well suited for use in floor, ceiling and wall constructions. The membrane comprises at least one backing layer in contact with a layer of nonfoam polymeric material. The polymeric material has an elongation factor of about 500% to about 900% and a Shore A hardness of from about 65 to about 80 points, 5 seconds. In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric material comprises 40-70% chlorinated polyethylene, 20-30% ethylene vinyl acetate, and up to 10% polyvinyl chloride. Floor, ceiling and wall constructions and related methods utilizing the sound insulating membranes are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a separation device which is to be temporarily inserted between two sheet products, in particular between two plates of glass, and which has differentiated adhesion with these two sheet products. The separation device is essentially made of a thermofusible material which has an ability to absorb shocks and an ability to obtain for one of its two sides, a controlled and desirable adhesion with the sheets to be separated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a soundproofing window in which an intermediate film provides for damping of vibrations transmitted in particular by structure-borne conduction.

Abstract: Described are articles having an alkoxyacrylamide photochromic coating. The coatings exhibit a Fischer microhardness of from 50 to 130 Newtons per mm.sup.2 and desirable photochromic properties, i.e., the formation of darker activated colors and faster rates of photochromic activation and fade when irradiated with ultraviolet light. Also described are alkoxyacrylamide photochromic articles.

Abstract: A laminated glass to be used as a front windshield of an automotive vehicle including a head-up display system. The laminated glass comprises outboard-side and inboard-side glass plates. An intermediate film is interposed between the inboard-side and outboard-side glass plates to bond the glass plates to each other. An optically functioning film such as a polarization-direction changing film is bonded to the outboard-side glass plate. At least one of the inboard-side glass plate, the outboard-side glass plate and the intermediate film is colored in a manner that a color difference between first and second parts of the laminate is not higher than 2.4, in which the first part includes the optically functioning film while the second part is other than the first part.

Abstract: A transparent material for shielding undesired electromagnetic waves, in which a black mesh region is formed in a hydrophilic transparent resin layer on a transparent substrate. The present invention thus provides a transparent material for shielding undesired electromagnetic waves, which comprises:(a) a transparent substrate,(b) a hydrophilic transparent resin layer formed on the transparent substrate (a), which in certain areas contains metal particles finely dispersed therein to form a black region and in the other area does not contain metal particles, to form a transparent region, and(c) a metal layer formed on the black region in the hydrophilic transparent resin layer (b);and a production method therefor.

Abstract: A construction element for cladding of a structural surface which consists of a glass pane and a layer of bonding mortar on one side of the glass pane, which bonding mortar consists of a fine-particle neutral aggregate and cement and is gauged with an aqueous dispersion of a polyacrylic acid derivative, whereby the polyacrylic acid derivative has a logarithmic decrement determined in accordance to DIN 53445, which has a maximum at Celsius temperatures below 0.degree. C., and the bonding mortar is hardened on the glass pane with a deficiency of hydration water. The construction element is bonded to the surface to be cladded with the adhesive or by contact of the bonding mortar layer with setting concrete of the structure which is cladded with the element.

Abstract: A lipid bilayer with affinity to an analyte, which directly signals binding by a changes in the light absorption spectra. This novel assay means and method has special applications in the drug development and medical testing fields. Using a spectrometer, the system is easily automated, and a multiple well embodiment allows inexpensive screening and sequential testing. This invention also has applications in industry for feedstock and effluent monitoring.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices and processes for preparing the same are provided which do not require a separate process step of ion intercalation by employing an electrochromically-inert reducing or oxidizing additive in the electrochemically active material or the electrolyte of the electrochromic devices.

Abstract: A coated abrasive sheet material comprising (a) a backing substrate having at least one major surface, (b) a plurality of abrasive grains, (c) a binder bonding said plurality of abrasive grains to said at least one major surface of the backing substrate, wherein the backing substrate comprises paper having a basis weight of less than about 200 g/m.sup.2 which is essentially free of latex saturants and has on said at least one major surface with the plurality of abrasive grains, one or more extruded layers of a thermoplastic polymer, and a method of making the coated abrasive sheet material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a blend capable of forming a semi-interpenetrating network when cured of (A) a solution of about 30 to about 50 wt % solids in an organic solvent of a fully imidized polyimidesiloxane and (B) about 5 to about 30 pbw per 100 pbw of the polyimidesiloxane of an epoxy resin which comprises a cycloaliphatic epoxy and an epoxy curing agent. The polyimidesiloxane is the reaction product of an aromatic dianhydride and diamine. The diamine is about 5 to about 80 mole % non-siloxane containing aromatic diamine and the remainder a siloxane diamine, where the siloxane diamine is about 40 to about 80 wt % of the weight of the polyimidesiloxane. The blend is used to bond metal parts to ceramic packages.

Abstract: In a draft roller for fiber, a rubber roller is used as the top roller. A thin amorphous quartz membrane of 0.05 to 5 micron thick is provided on all or part of the surface of the rubber roller to improve both holding of a fiber bundle and abrasion resistance of the rubber surface. It is preferred that the thin quartz membrane contain one or more of carbon black, diamond powder, metal powder or fine olefin tetrafluoride powder in dispersion.The thin amorphous quartz membrane is formed by applying an organic solvent solution of perhydropolysilazane having a molecular weight of 600 to 1000 on all or part of the surface of a rubber roller, removing the solvent and heating the coated layer.

Abstract: Aqueous, low-solvent coating compositions comprising a base resin dispersion comprising of an epoxy resin, prepared by condensation of one or more epoxide compounds having at least two epoxide groups per molecule and an aromatic polyol; a dispersant comprising a condensation product of an aliphatic polyol having a weight-average molar mass (M.sub.w) of from 200 to 20,000 g/mol and an epoxide compound having at least two epoxide groups per molecule, and low molar mass, liquid, epoxy-functional compounds as diluents, and also water; an aqueous curing agent for the modified epoxy resin (I), which is suitable for curing at room temperature or at elevated temperatures (forced drying), components (I) and (II) being employed in mass fractions such that the ratio of the number of reactive epoxide groups in (I) to the number of amine hydrogen atoms in (II) is between 1:0.75 and 1:2. The coating compositions exhibit an extended pot life. They can be used to produce coatings and in water-soluble adhesives.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing vinyl chloride alone or a mixture of vinyl chloride and other vinyl monomer(s) with hydroxy containing monomer(s), and the copolymer obtained thereby. The hydroxy containing monomer(s) is obtained by the partial allylation of dihydroxy or polyhydroxy alcohols. The copolymers are prepared by suspension polymerization. The presence of the hydroxyl groups significantly modifies the characteristics of the polymers. Plasticizer-take-up is increased and dry-time is reduced significantly. Furthermore, the hydroxyl groups become the sites for postpolymerization reactions due to their polarity and reactivity.

Abstract: A glass article, especially of hollow glass, carries a coating resulting from the deposition, in one or two stages, onto the surface of the glass, of at least one monoaminosilane and of at least one lubricating substance such as an optionally oxidized or partially oxidized polyolefin. The coating provides desirable properties of wet and dry abrasion resistance (scratch resistance), substantial invisibility, and adhesiveness for labels. Articles having labels directly attached to said coating are also provided as well as the process for obtaining the desired properties.

Abstract: A glass laminate comprising panes of glass held together by a bonding layer is provided with an edge seal by the drying of an ethylene polymer emulsion such that the emulsion thins out along the edge of the glass panes.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions comprising emulsified polyolefins and metal salts of phosphoric acid esters which are useful for sizing glass fibers.

Abstract: A glazing made of at least one glass layer and at least one transparent layer of ionomer resin, wherein at least a portion of one face of the at least one transparent layer of ionomer resin is adhered to at least a portion of one face of another layer of the glazing using at least one metal chelate, preferably a metal chelate based primer composition, and the primer composition for use in such a glazing are described, to provide laminated glazings which have improved chock resistance, good optical properties, improved resistance to lamination even during cutting operations, and is economical to produce.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to an ink-imprinted and reusable multilayer cling film of at least one layer for use in combination with a substrate having a rigid smooth surface comprising a non-vinyl flexible polymer cling film which has two smooth surfaces, is substantially free of added plasticizer and provides a 180.degree. peel force after application to glass of from about 30 to about 2500 gms after aging in a 140.degree. F. oven for 72 hours.In another embodiment, the invention relates to an ink-printed and reusable multilayer cling film of at least two layers which can cling to substrates having a rigid smooth surface without the use of an adhesive material.

Abstract: A window for an airplane pressurized cockpit having a window opening and a rabbet defining a periphery of the window opening includes first and second sheets of glass, and a separating layer positioned between the first and second sheets of glass and connecting the first and second sheets of glass. The separating layer has a periphery which does not extend substantially beyond peripheries of the first and second sheets of glass. A rigid belt is embedded in the separating layer adjacent the periphery of the separating layer for rigidifying the periphery of said separating layer. The rigid belt ensures that the separating layer is held in place in case of rupture of the glass sheets.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of an inorganic oxide gel comprising contacting at least one fluorinated inorganic oxide precursor with a fluorinated gelling agent in the presence of at least one fluorinated solvent to form a solution; allowing sufficient time for gelation to occur; and isolating the inorganic oxide gel. Gels made by this process are useful as coatings and as components in inorganic/organic hybrid materials.

Abstract: An improved method is provided for copolymerizing vinyl chloride with allyl glycidyl ether and a vinyl ester. The copolymers so formed include 70-99 weight percent of vinyl chloride, 0.05-15 weight percent of allyl glycidyl ether, and 0.05-15 weight percent of a vinyl ester, preferably vinyl acetate. The copolymers of this invention can be compounded to provide films exhibiting improved heat stability, low haze, and good adhesion to solid surfaces such as glass and metal. The compounded resins thus obtained may be especially advantageously used in forming the interlayer of laminated safety glazings, such as vehicle windshields and architectural glazings.The copolymerization of vinyl chloride, allyl glycidyl ether, a vinyl ester and small amounts of an unsaturated organic trifunctional silane provide self-adhesion without gelation.

Abstract: An improved method is provided for copolymerizing vinyl chloride with allyl glycidyl ether and a vinyl ester. The copolymers so formed include 70-99 weight % of vinyl chloride, 0.05-15 weight % of allyl glycidyl ether, and 0.05-15 weight % of a vinyl ester, preferably vinyl acetate. The copolymers of this invention can be compounded to provide films exhibiting improved heat stability, low haze, and good adhesion to solid surfaces such as glass and metal. The compounded resins thus obtained may be especially advantageously used in forming the interlayer of laminated safety glazings, such as vehicle windshields and architectural glazings.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions containing at least one olefinic monomer, at least one polymer prepared form an olefinic monomer, an indicator dye to the basic structure of which an olefinic polymerisable group is covalently bonded directly or via a bridge group, at least one diolefinic cross-linking agent, and an effective amount of a polymerisation initiator; to polymerisates of the compositions, the polymerisates being in the form of interpenetrating networks; to membranes and unsupported films prepared from the polymerisates; to carrier materials coated with the compositions and polymerisates; to optical sensors prepared from the polymerisates; and to methods of determining ions and/or gases in solutions and/or blood.

Abstract: Gaskets comprising at least one homogeneous linear ethylene polymer are disclosed. The gaskets are particularly useful for sealing beverage containers and do not contribute to taste and/or odor of the packaged product, which is especially useful in food-stuff applications.

Abstract: The invention provides a laminated glass and a method of producing the same. This laminated glass includes first and second transparent glass plates and an interlayer film interposed therebetween. This interlayer film has functional ultra-fine particles which have a particle diameter of up to 0.2 .mu.m and are dispersed therein. Due to the incorporation of the ultra-fine particles thereinto, the interlayer film is provided with various additional functions such as heat insulation, ultraviolet ray absorption and the maintenance of a sufficient radio transmittance. Therefore, the laminated glass becomes suitable as an architectural or automotive laminated glass.

Abstract: Glass compositions containing, expressed in percentages by weight, from 0.75 to 1.4% total iron expressed in the form Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 0.25 to 0.32% ferrous iron in the form of FeO and which has, and at a thickness of between approximately 3 and 3.3 millimeters, exibit a total light transmission factor under illuminent A (TL.sub.A) of at least 70%, a total energy transmission factor (T.sub.E) less than approximately 46% and a transmission factor for ultraviolet radiation (T.sub.UV) less than approximately 25%, and are suitable for the production of windows or panes for use in the architectural field or in automobile and industrial vehicles.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a separation device which is to be temporarily inserted between two sheet products, in particular between two plates of glass, and which has differentiated adhesion with these two sheet products. The separation device is essentially made of a thermofusible material which has an ability to absorb shocks and an ability to obtain for one of its two sides, a controlled and desirable adhesion with the sheets to be separated.

Abstract: A composite surface covering includes a substrate and an inorganic wear layer. The composite surface covering retains its performance characteristics after mechanical embossing. Preferably, the inorganic wear layer of the surface covering is deposited on the substrate by a reduced pressure environment vapor deposition technique. Preferably, the inorganic wear layer is aluminum oxide. The preferred substrate is a plastic material.

Abstract: High clarity optical and safety glass laminate interlayer films and optical laminates are described. The films and their laminates comprise very low density polyethylene and/or its copolymers, preferably polymerized with metallocene catalysts, and modified with additives, such as coupling agents, clarifying or nucleation agents, UV-light absorbers, pigment or color concentrate, and IR-light blockers.

Abstract: A rigid fiber glass duct board for air ducts in which the air contacting surface is a mat facing formed from a saturated polyester/glass mat which presents a smooth surface to flowing air and hence avoids surface degradation at very high air velocities. A method of forming such a board is also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices and processes for preparing the same are provided which do not require a separate process step of ion intercalation by employing an electrochromically-inert reducing or oxidizing additive in the electrochemically active material or the electrolyte of the electrochromic devices.