Abstract: A laminate film including a first polyolefin heat sealable matte resin layer including a blend of 15-30 wt % metallocene-catalyzed butene-propylene elastomer and 85-70 wt % of a matte resin including ethylene homopolymer and propylene homopolymer or copolymer is disclosed. The laminate film could further have additional layers such as a second polyolefin resin-containing layer, a metal layer, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention is directed to joint assemblies comprising at least two adjacent panels and a jointing composition adhering to and positioned between the at least two adjacent panels, methods for installing joint assemblies, and jointing compositions. The jointing compositions include a sealant composition and a long chain ester in an amount of about 0.1% to about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the sealant composition in the jointing composition.

Abstract: The present invention describes a multilayer film suitable for use in packaging applications comprising at least a polymeric first layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface wherein the polymeric first layer comprises a heat-sealable, water-insoluble polyester; a polymeric second layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface and comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive, wherein the second surface of the polymeric second layer is in contact with the first surface of the polymeric first layer and forms a peelable/resealable bond therebetween; and a third layer in contact with the first surface of the polymeric second layer.

Abstract: A layered structure produced by metallizing a substrate including: (a) providing a transfer film including film layer and metal layer bonded together by a cured breakaway layer; (b) providing a substrate; (c) applying electron beam curable transfer adhesive to a portion of the substrate; (d) securing the transfer film to the substrate, where the transfer adhesive is between the metal layer and substrate, forming an intermediate product; (e) passing the intermediate product through an electron beam curing apparatus to cure the transfer adhesive; and (f) removing the transfer film. In the metallized product, the cured breakaway coating is bonded only to the metal. The cured breakaway layer preferably has a cured elongation at break, in tension, of less than about 20%. Precise metallized edges are produced, e.g., edge variation of about ±0.010 in., or better. The process can be utilized with total or selective metal transfer.

Abstract: A polypropylene film comprising 70-90 wt. % polymer (a), 2-10 wt. % polymer (b), 2-10 wt. % polymer (c) and 3-20 wt. % polymer (d) and having a haze of 8-30% (wherein the polymer (a) is a block copolymer prepared by producing a polymer part (component a1) by polymerizing in a first step monomers composed mainly of propylene in the absence of an inert solvent and producing an ethylene/propylene copolymer part (component a2) in a second step by polymerization subsequently carried out in a gas phase; the polymer (b) is an ethylene-based polymer having a density of 0.91-0.97 g/cm3 and a melt flow rate of 5-30 g/10 min; the polymer (c) is an ethylene/?-olefin random copolymer having a density of 0.86-0.90 g/cm3 and a melt flow rate of 0.3-5 g/10 min; and the polymer (d) comprises two or more propylene-based polymers different in molecular weight from each other).

Abstract: Method steps and apparatus combinations for continuous in-line polymeric coating of rigid corrosion-protected flat-rolled sheet metal continuous-strip substrate utilizing a thermoplastic polymeric material having adhesive characteristics, capable of molten thin-film extrusion for chemical-bonding with an activated-surface of the flat-rolled sheet metal substrate, and substantially-simultaneously bonding with a solid-film polymeric material, establishing a work-product embodiment with multiple-polymer-layers traveling with the single activated surface; and, on which the solid polymeric film is selected to provide strength, hardness and other desired surface mechanical properties which also provide for external surface coloration, design, weather-proofing, and fabricating capabilities. A second embodiment provides dual-surface multiple-polymeric layer coating carried on by activating and polymeric coating one surface, at a time, of rigid corrosion-protected flat-rolled sheet metal continuous strip substrate.

Abstract: Substrates for imageable elements are disclosed. The substrates comprise, in order, an aluminum or aluminum alloy support, a silicate layer, and a layer of interlayer material. The interlayer material is a co-polymer that comprise (1) phosphonic acid groups and/or phosphate groups and (2) acid groups and/or groups that comprise ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol side chains. Imageable elements that comprise an imageable layer over the interlayer material are useful as lithographic printing plate precursors.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide: an environmentally friendly substrate for recording medium which has good adhesion to a resin layer, and a manufacturing method thereof. To attain the object, the present invention provides a substrate for recording medium comprising: a resin substrate containing a separating material which blooms or bleeds toward its surface, a barrier layer which is formed on the resin substrate and made of a metal compound used to block the separating material, and a resin layer formed on the barrier layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns multilayered structures useful for forming capacitors, which may be embedded within printed circuit boards or other microelectronic devices. The multilayered structure comprises a pair of parallel electrically conductive layers separated by a pair of dielectric layers and a central polymerizable layer. Each of the dielectric layers and the central layer may include a filler. Capacitors formed from the multilayered structures of the invention exhibit excellent short circuit resistance as well as excellent void resistance.

Abstract: A motor winding wire. The motor winding wire may be configured for use in, and direct exposure to, a hydrocarbon environment. The motor winding wire may be electrically insulated by one polymer layer, whereas another, outer, polymer layer is employed to provide moisture resistance as well as other contaminant and hydrocarbon environment shielding to the underlying layer. Additionally, this manner of polymer layering over the motor winding wire is achieved in a manner cognizant of the limited dimension of the motor winding wire.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a hole transport polymer comprising a polymeric backbone having linked thereto a plurality of substituents comprising fused aromatic ring groups, with the proviso that the polymer does not contain groups selected from triarylamines and carbazole groups. It further relates to devices that are made with the polymer.

Abstract: A lidstock material suitable for sealing plastic containers that are retorted at elevated temperatures to sterilize their contents. The lidstock material comprises a substrate joined to a film comprising a mixture of a butene-1 polymer; high density polyethylene; polypropylene; and a powdered filler. The lidstock material is heat sealable, peelable, and retains high burst strength both during and after retorting at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A metallic body of carbon steel covered with an adhesive layer capable of adhering to a rubber matrix based on diene elastomer. The carbon content of the steel is between 0.35 and 1.2% by weight. The adhesive layer is formed of a metallic layer bearing aluminum oxides or hydroxides, which itself is covered with an organosilane film which is at least bifunctional, capable of ensuring, as coupling agent, the bond between the aluminum oxides or hydroxides on one hand, and the rubber matrix on the other hand.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a hole transport polymer comprising a polymeric backbone having linked thereto a plurality of substituents comprising fused aromatic ring groups, with the proviso that the polymer does not contain groups selected from triarylamines and carbazole groups. It further relates to devices that are made with the polymer.

Abstract: Provided is a polymeric fluorescent substance showing fluorescence in solid state, which has a specific carrier drift mobility, a specific repeating unit, and specific number-average molecular weight. The polymeric fluorescent substance is excellent in solubility to organic solvents, and has higher efficiency and longer lifetime in applying as a polymer LED.

Abstract: A vulcanizable rubber composition having improved adhesion and adhesion retention properties with steel reinforcement includes up about 10 pbw of a compound selected from aminosilanes and/or mercaptosilanes per 100 parts of the rubber component in the rubber composition. The silane component can be incorporated into the rubber composition prior to curing. Composite structures and methods for providing the rubber composition also are provided.

Abstract: A packaging laminate for a retortable packaging container, the packaging laminate (30) including a paper or paperboard layer (31), outer, liquid-tight coatings (32; 33) and an aluminium foil (34) serving as gas barrier between the paper or paperboard layer (31) and one of the two outer liquid-tight coatings (32). In order to compensate for or counteract possible loss of gas tightness because of crack formations or similar untightness in the tensile-sensitive aluminium foil (34), the packaging laminate (30) includes at least one additional layer (35) serving as gas barrier between the paper or paperboard layer (31) and the aluminium foil (34).

Abstract: A metallized laminated structure suitable for making a rigid container having a metallic appearance is provided. The laminated structure includes a metallized film and a thermoplastic sheet. At least a portion of the thermoplastic sheet is bonded to the metallized film through a lamination process. The metallized film includes a metallic layer, a sealable layer, and a polypropylene core between the metallic layer and the sealable layer. The thermoplastic sheet includes at least one layer of a polypropylene or a thermoplastic olefin. Or the thermoplastic sheet includes at least one layer of a polypropylene and at least one layer of a thermoplastic olefin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition made from admixing starting materials comprising: (a) 0 to 90 parts by weight of a polyolefin; (b) 5 to 95 parts by weight of a functional polyolefin; (c) 5 to 40 parts by weight of a polystyrenic; and (d) 0 to 30 parts by weight of an elastomer, where the total amount of components of (a), (b), (c) and (d) in the resin composition is 100 parts by weight. In a further embodiment, component (a) is a non-olefin copolymer and component (c) is high impact polystyrene. The resin compositions are useful as adhesives for metal and polyolefin substrates.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a composition, comprising: (A) at least one halogen-free polymer, the polymer exhibiting a total loss of mass of at least about 7% by weight at a temperature of 370° C. when subjected to thermogravimetric analysis; (B) at least one acid source; (C) at least one carbon-yielding source; and (D) at least one blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a gasket material to be mounted on an engine for a vehicle, which comprises: applying a treating solution comprising an inorganic oxide, an acid component and a metal or a metal compound onto one side or both side of a steel palate, followed by heat drying to form a film in which an inorganic atom of said inorganic oxide is dissolved in a reaction product of said acid component and said metal or metal compound to partially form a solid solution; applying a primer solution comprising polybutadiene and a phenol resin dissolved in a solvent onto said film, followed by drying to form a primer layer; and then, forming a rubber layer on said primer layer. Also disclosed is a gasket material obtained by the production method.

Abstract: A surface modified substrate includes a substrate having a surface and a layer of nanoscale inorganic oxide particles disposed on at least a portion of the surface.

Abstract: There is provided a waterborne adhesive composition comprising (a) one or more bromine substituted olefin polymer, (b) one or more halosulfonated olefin polymer, (c) one or more compatibilizer selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, phenolic resins, chlorinated polyolefin, and mixtures thereof. Also provided is a method of bonding substrates using such an adhesive composition, and an article formed by such a method of bonding substrates.

Abstract: An embossable, multilayer, polyolefin film comprising a core layer comprising a polyolefin and an appearance enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of coloring agents, phosphorescence producing agents, reflective agents, and mixtures thereof, wherein the core layer comprises the interior of the film; and an embossable layer exterior to and on one side of the core layer, the embossable layer comprising an olefin polymer, and being particularly suitable for embossing and subsequently receiving a metal layer thereon.

Abstract: Multi-layer films particularly suited for packaging applications, including a core layer, a metallizable layer located on a side of the core layer, the metallizable layer comprising polyethylene and a cyclic olefin copolymer are provided. Optionally, the multi-layer film may have a tie layer located intermediate the core layer and the metallizable layer. Embodiments may have the desirable combination of improved barrier properties and bond strength.

Abstract: This invention involves with a kind of offset PS plate with compound support and its manufacturing process. PS plate has sensitization imaging layer set up on the front side of its aluminum substrate, and has a membrane of polymer materials covered on the back side of the substrate, which form the structure of compound support. The manufacturing process firstly deoils and cleans the aluminum substrate, and covers a membrane of polymer materials on the back side of plate substrate; then conducts electrochemical corrosion and roughening, generates oxidation layer through the oxidization of anode, carries out sealing or hydrophilic treatment for the oxidation layer, and coats sensitization liquid onto this oxidation layer; finally, dries and cuts the plates into finished products. This invention may use relatively thin aluminum materials to keep relatively high quality, greatly reduce the consumption of aluminum, and decrease the cost.

Abstract: An adhesive tape comprising a layer of metallized polymeric material having a first side and a second side, and a layer of adhesive compound applied to the first side of the layer of metallized polymeric film is provided. An adhesive tape meeting Underwriter Laboratories criteria for use with both rigid and flexible air ducts and air connectors, comprising a layer of metallized polymeric material having a first side and a second side, and a layer of adhesive compound applied to the first side of the layer of metallized polymeric material is also provided. Additionally provided is a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising a film backing having a predetermined tensile strength and a predetermined heat stability, a compounded adhesive layer coated on a side of the backing, and a release liner material laminated to an exposed side of the compounded adhesive layer.

Abstract: A damped windage tray for an engine including a windage tray formed from a laminate. The laminate operates to damp vibrations of the windage tray. The laminate includes a first constraining layer, a second constraining layer and a viscoelastic damping layer disposed between the first and second constraining layer. The viscoelastic damping layer spans substantially the entirety of the first and second constraining layers. Additionally, a method of forming the windage tray is provided.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic coating-treated metal sheet, having a coat capable of satisfying all the corrosion resistance, alkali resistance, solvent resistance, anti-scratch property and adhesion requirements which the conventional nonchromate type coating technologies have been difficult to meet. A surface-treated metal sheet with a coat comprising 50 to 90% by weight of a crosslinked resin matrix (A) and 10 to 50% by weight of an inorganic rust preventive (B) as formed on the metal sheet surface, wherein the crosslinked resin matrix (A) is formed by the reaction between a water-borne resin and a crosslinking agent and has an acid value of 0 to 30 due to carboxylic acid groups not neutralized by an alkali metal and a hydroxyl value of 5 to 50.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a laminate comprising providing an aluminum foil inner layer, a paper middle layer, and an aluminum foil outer layer; laminating the inner aluminum foil layer to the middle layer by a process selected from the group consisting of adhesive lamination with polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, and an acrylic-type adhesive, and extrusion lamination with polyethylene; curing the inner aluminum foil layer and middle paper layer; laminating the middle paper layer and the outer aluminum foil layer by a process selected from the group consisting of adhesive lamination with polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, and an acrylic-type adhesive, and extrusion lamination with polyethylene; and curing the inner aluminum foil layer, the middle paper layer and the outer aluminum foil layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved, metallized polymer film and method for preparing the same. Such films comprise a) at least one treated polymeric skin layer comprising butylene, and b) a metal layer deposited onto at least one surface of this polymeric skin layer. The polymeric skin layer can comprise a propylene-butylene copolymer or an ethylene-propylene-butylene terpolymer, with this copolymer or terpolymer containing from about 4 wt % to about 12 wt % of butylene. The polymeric skin layer is preferably preconditioned by subjecting an outermost surface thereof to plasma treatment which facilitates the deposition thereon of a strongly adhering metal layer which is preferably aluminum. The resulting multi-layer films exhibit metal adhesion bond strength of at least about 100 grams/25 mm. These films will preferably also exhibit a Water Vapor Transmission Rate of from about 0.05 to about 0.2 g/m2/24 hour, and an Oxygen Transmission Rate of from about 5.0 to about 20 cm3/m2/24 hour.

Abstract: An amino group-containing metal compound such as a coupling agent having an amino group is dispersed in a fluoroelastomer coating composition comprising a fluoroelastomer and a polyol curing agent which are dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium. The resulting fluoroelastomer coating composition can form an elastomer coating layer directly on a metal surface using no primer, and improve antifreeze resistance and deterioration of the coating film after compression at high temperatures for a long time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition comprising an amine-neutralized ethylene acid copolymer. These resin compositions copolymers may be characterized by enhanced adhesiveness and reduced crystallinity. Also provided are shaped articles, multilayer films or sheets, and laminate articles comprising the resin composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition of matter comprising a functionalized mordant polymer comprising a cationic polymer having an adsorbed metal-ion sequestrant, wherein the metal-ion sequestrant has a stability constant greater than 1010 with iron (III). It further relates to an article comprising said composition and a method of removing target metal-ions from an environment comprising contacting the environment with said composition.

Abstract: A formable multi-layered composite comprising in sequence a clear polymeric layer, a metal layer, and a protective layer is disclosed. The polymeric layer including at least one member selected from the first group consisting of polycarbonate, PETG, PCTG polystyrene and polyurethane. The metal layer contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, copper, silver, chromium, zirconium, tin, indium and their alloys. The protective layer that contains an aliphatic polyurethane dispersion based on at least one member selected from among polycarbonate polyol and polyether polyol protects the metal layer during handling and use in the context of FIM.

Abstract: A thermal interface material is described for thermal coupling of an electronic component to a thermally conductive member. The thermal interface material includes a viscoelastic polymer matrix material, fusible solder particles in the matrix material, and filler particles in the matrix material. The solder particles have a melting temperature below a selected temperature (e.g. 157° C. for indium) and the filler particles have a melting temperature substantially above the selected temperature (e.g. 961° C. for silver). The filler particles keep the thermal interface material intact under adverse thermal and stress conditions.

Abstract: A biaxially stretched polypropylene film of the present invention has high stiffness in the film longitudinal direction and can be manufactured by a conventional longitudinal-transverse sequential biaxial stretching method, since the biaxially stretched polypropylene film comprises a polypropylene which comprises a polypropylene having controlled specific values of a melt strength (MS) and a melt flow rate (MFR) at 230° C. or consists of a polypropylene having controlled specific values of a melt strength (MS) and a melt flow rate (MFR) at 230° C. and/or a Trouton ratio of the polypropylene is controlled at a specific value, moreover, the biaxially stretched polypropylene film contains regulated longitudinal fibrils.

Abstract: The rubber compositions described herein have been found to have an exceptionally long life as a spring-biased actuator diaphragm material that maintains its position compressed, e.g., bolted, between opposed flanges, while maintaining excellent compressibility, low temperature flexibility, hydrocarbon resistance, abrasion resistance and mechanical strength. The compositions include a copolymer rubber component; a plasticizer for the copolymer rubber; a vulcanizing agent for the copolymer rubber; a silica filler; and a coupling agent, such as a silane coupling agent, capable of coupling the silica filler to the copolymer rubber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structured surface with ultraphobic properties. Said surface as a surface topography in which the value of the integral of a function S: S(log f)=a(f)·f, which gives a relationship between the spatial frequencies f of the individual Fourier components and their amplitudes a(f) is at least 0.5 between the integration limits log (f1/?m?1)=?3 and log (f2/?m?1)=3. The surface consists of a hydrophobic or oleophobic material or is coated with a hydrophobic or oleophobic material.

Abstract: A lithium battery comprises a pouch (4) and a lithium battery module (2) packaged in the pouch (4). The pouch (4) is formed from a battery packaging laminated structure (10). The laminated structure (10) has an outermost layer (11), a barrier layer (12) and an innermost layer (14), or an outermost layer (11), a barrier layer (12), an intermediate layer (13) and an innermost layer (14) superposed in that order. The outermost layer (11) is formed of a formable base material, the barrier layer (12) is formed of a impermeable base material having a barrier property, the intermediate layer (13) is formed of a formable base material and the innermost layer (14) is formed of a heat-adhesive base material.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a polymer metallic strip and an improved rapid process for the continuous extrusion coating layer of the surface of a metal strip. The present invention provides for moving a metal strip by a multiplicity of rolls, pre-treating at least one and perhaps both sides of the metal strip using an oxidizing flame, coating layer the pre-treated strip surface(s) with a liquid primer, drying the primer, and activating the primer with an oxidizing flame, and or an oven and/or a corona discharge. The primed, activated, metal strip is then extrusion coated with a polymeric extrudate, passed over a temperature-controlled, chilled roll of a specific surface roughness to achieve the desired surface properties wherein such steps are performed with an edge containment system. The activation and extrusion coating layer steps may be repeated to coat the second side.

Abstract: Multi-layer films particularly suited for packaging applications, including a core layer, a seal layer located on one side of the core layer, the seal layer comprising a polyolefin polymer and a silicone gum and a metallized layer located on the opposite side of the core layer from the seal layer are provided. Optionally, the multi-layer film may have a first tie layer located intermediate the core layer and the seal layer and/or a second tie layer located intermediate the core layer and the metallized layer. Embodiments may have the desirable combination of improved metal adhesion and slip properties.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a film forming binder of a. at least one polymer that has pendant groups, such as, hydroxyl, carboxyl, glycidyl, amine, amide, silane and mixtures thereof that are reactive with a crosslinking component and the polymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 10 to 80° C.; b. a polytrimethylene ether diol having a Mn (number average molecular weight) of 500 to 5,000; and c. a crosslinking component, such as, organic polyisocyanates, melamine formaldehydes, alkylated melamine formaldehydes, benzoquanamine formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, polyepoxides, silane resin and any mixtures thereof; wherein the coating composition can be used as a clear coating composition and can contain pigments and may be used as a pigmented top coating, a pigmented base coating, a primer or primer surfacer coating and is useful for coating automobile and truck bodies and parts, industrial equipment, appliances and exterior structures.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an article of manufacture comprising a soft thermoplastic elastomer composition overmolded onto a hard substrate, wherein the soft thermoplastic composition includes (a) 5 to 60 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin, (b) 5 to 70 parts of a rubbery elastomer comprised of repeat units that are derived from a conjugated diene monomer, wherein the rubbery elastomer is optionally at least partially crosslinked, and wherein the rubbery polymer is a solution polymer, (c) 5 to 90 parts of a highly saturated elastomer selected from the group consisting of styrene-ethylene butylene-styrene polymers, styrene-ethylene propylene-styrene polymers, hydrogenated polybatadiene, hydrogenated polyisoprene, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene random copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene random copolymers, and (d) 15 to 200 parts by weight of an oil.

Abstract: Electrically conductive films comprising a flexible support, an extensible metal or metal alloy layer, and a crosslinked polymeric protective layer have at least one permanently deformed curved region. The films can be light transmissive and can have regions of compound curvature, and the metal or metal alloy layer can be substantially continuous. The films have reduced susceptibility to fracture or corrosion compared to commercially available electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films.

Abstract: A method for increasing adhesion between a substrate and a polymeric imprintable material during an imprinting procedure. The method includes chemically bonding a plurality of molecules to a surface of a substrate to form a self-assembled monolayer thereon. A monomer is copolymerized with the self-assembled monolayer to form a polymeric imprintable material that is chemically bonded to the self-assembled monolayer. Adhesion between the polymeric imprintable material and the substrate is substantially increased by the self-assembled monolayer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high oxygen barrier, multilayer flexible packaging structure having a vacuum metallized, biaxially oriented polypropylene (met-BOPP) or metallized polyester (met-PET) film substrate; a high barrier EVOH layer coextruded or laminated directly on the metal-containing layer; and optionally an adjacent layer of anhydride modified polyolefin such as blend of LDPE, or MDPE, or PP and maleic anhydride modified adhesive resin on the EVOH layer.

Abstract: Heat-shrinkable monolayer and multilayer films are disclosed. The films are formed of a blend of a polyethylene copolymer having a CDBI of at least 70%, a melt index I2.16 of from 0.1 to 15 g/10 min., a density of from 0.910 to 0.940 g/cm3, a melt index ratio I21.6/I2.16 of from 30 to 80, and an Mw/Mn ratio of from 2.5 to 5.5, and a second polymer, such as a low density polyethylene (LDPE). The heat-shrinkable films have a combination of improved optical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: Composite film structures exhibit a predetermined finished color tone comprised of a transparent film layer which exhibits a color deficiency as compared to the finished color tone, and a pigment which is visually associated with, and satisfies the color deficiency of, the film layer. Most preferably, the pigment is provided as a homogenous dispersion in a transparent color-matching layer positioned adjacent to the film layer. Thus, when the film and color-matching layers are viewed collectively as a unit, the perceived color tone will be that of the finished predetermined color tone. That is, the color-matching layer provides visually an additive effect on the perceived color of the composite film structure.

Abstract: A seal and method of manufacture is provided for sealing containers such as bottles, jars and the like. The seal (closure) can be formed with a lower sheetlike structure having a foam layer thereon. The lower structure can include foil and have a polymer layer, such as a PET layer thereunder A sealant layer can be provided under the bottom surface of the PET layer to bond the seal to a container opening. The polymer foam is advantageously polyethylene foam. Seals in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention also include a top portion, which can be only partially bonded (directly or indirectly) to the bottom portion, so as to leave a tab portion extended therefrom. The top portion is advantageously bonded from periphery to periphery of the bottom portion and at or slightly offset from the diameter (middle) of the bottom portion. The top portion is advantageously formed with polymer material, such as an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) layer, having a layer of PET bonded on the top thereof.