Abstract: A method of manufacturing a building panel with a decorative surface layer, a core and a balancing and/or protective layer, wherein the method includes applying a first layer of a first powder based mix, including wood fibres and a thermosetting binder, on a core; applying a liquid substance on the first powder based mix; drying the first powder based mix; turning the core with the dried first powder based mix such that the first powder based mix points downwards; applying a second layer on the upper part of the core; and curing the first and second layers by providing heat and pressure, wherein the first layer forms the balancing and/or protective layer and the second layer forms the decorative surface layer in the building panel.

Abstract: A floor element comprises a supportive layer, a reinforcement layer adjacent to the supportive layer, a top layer, and an outer layer. The arrangement has the supportive layer and the reinforcement layer between the top layer and the outer layer, and the floor element has, at its periphery, connection means for connection to another floor element. The supportive layer and the outer layer are composed of a cork material and at least the supportive layer and the reinforcement layer extend into the connection means.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a building panel with a decorative surface layer, a core and a balancing and/or protective layer, wherein the method includes applying a first layer of a first powder based mix, including wood fibers and a thermosetting binder, on a core; applying a liquid substance on the first powder based mix; drying the first powder based mix; turning the core with the dried first powder based mix such that the first powder based mix points downwards; applying a second layer on the upper part of the core; and curing the first and second layers by providing heat and pressure, wherein the first layer forms the balancing and/or protective layer and the second layer forms the decorative surface layer in the building panel.

Abstract: A method to produce a building panel comprising a decorative surface layer, a core and a balancing and/or protective layer is disclosed.

Abstract: Composite boards are disclosed herein. An example of the composite board includes a first outer layer, a second outer layer, and a middle layer positioned between the first and second outer layers. The first and second outer layers each include chemical pulped cellulose fibers and low moisture absorbing fibers. The middle layer includes the cellulose fibers and a moisture repelling agent. Also disclosed herein are art frames that include the composite boards.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wiping stain composition having an open time greater than 15 minutes. The wiping stain composition includes a liquid alkyd emulsion derived from the reaction of at least one unsaturated fatty acid (e.g., a synthetic or natural oil), and an acid or acid anhydride and polyhydric alcohol, a reactive diluent derived from an alkyl ester of a natural oil or fatty acid, and a pigment. Typically, the oil content is greater than about 45 percent by weight.

Abstract: Strengthened soy protein based biodegradable composition comprises plasticized or unplasticized cured soy protein strengthened with green strengthening agent. Green strengthening agents include nanoclay, microfibrillated cellulose, nanofibrillated cellulose, cured green polysaccharide and green fibers, filaments, yarns, and fabrics and combinations of these. These can be fabricated into composites.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polysaccharide composition for protection of surfaces comprising an aqueous solution of at least two components, the first component (A) being a high molecular weight polysaccharide or a mixture of high molecular weight polysaccharides having an average molecular weight Mw of at least 100 000, and being capable of forming a gel, and the second component (B) being a low molecular weight polysaccharide or a mixture of low molecular weight polysaccharides having an average molecular weight Mw of 400-75 000, and being capable of inhibiting gel formation in said composition. The present invention further relates to a method for preparing such a composition, the use of the composition for protecting a surface, a method for protecting a substrate surface using the composition, and to a substrate surface coated with the composition.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to a composition comprising a cellulose ester and a high boiling plasticizer having a boiling point greater than 370° C., wherein the composition has a glass transition temperature (Tg) greater than a similar composition having triphenyl phosphate (TPP) plasticizer substituted for the high boiling plasticizer. The invention also related to articles and films made therefrom. This invention also relates to methods of making the compositions, articles and films.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a laminated film which hardly gives transmission loss based on reflection or scattering, is excellent in heat resistance and humidity resistance, and has an arbitrarily-controlled refractive index distribution. Accordingly, the invention is a laminated film comprising 5 or more laminated resin layers; the thickness of each of the resin layers being from 1 to 100 nm; and the film having a layer structure wherein the thicknesses of resin layers having the same composition A, out of the resin layers, increase or decrease from the side of a surface of the laminated film toward the side of the other surface opposite thereto.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing sized paper and paperboard which incorporates in the paper and paperboard at the size press size a composition comprising one or more “hydrophobic polymers” wherein hydrophobic polymers, the amount of such polymers and the weight ratio of starch to such polymer in the composition are selected such that the paper and paper board exhibits a Cobb Value equal to or less than about 25 and to a sized paper or paperboard web formed by the process.

Abstract: Building panels with a homogenous decorative surface having a wear layer comprising fibres, binders and wear resistant particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a binder for composite materials comprising cellulose- or lignocellulose-containing materials, which is based on the components (i) at least one binder from the series consisting of organic resins, isocyanates, natural or near-natural binders and (ii) at least one composition based on an aminoalkylsilane. The invention furthermore relates to a composite material which is at least based on a cellulose- or lignocellulose-containing material and the abovementioned binder, a process for the production of such a composite material and the use of the binder system according to the invention for the production of wood-based materials.

Abstract: Hyperbranched dendron (HD) polymers are synthesized using low molecular weight polyethyleneimine (BPEI-L) as a core and used for gene delivery. The obtained polymers display low toxicity and efficient gene delivery at low nitrogen-to-phosphate (N/P) ratios. Using successive attachment of ethyleneimine moieties to a PEI core, the polymer has a lower relative ratio of linear-to-branched structures than in the core PEI. The more extensive branching enables the polymer to condense plasmid DNA into nanostructure complexes with a size of less than or equal to about 100 nm. The complexes are stable and efficient in transfecting cells in the presence of serum. Bioluminescent imaging of in vivo gene expression using a luciferase reporter gene performed in live mice showed gene expression in the liver and in submandibular lymph nodes.

Abstract: Articles, including free-standing films, comprising a base comprising a polymer layer having a major surface; and an anti-reflective stack optically coupled to the base that reduces the reflectivity of the base at over a first wavelength range of interest. The anti-reflective stack comprises alternating layers of (i) high index polymer; and (ii) low index polymer. Methods of making such articles are also provided.

Abstract: A method comprising adding a suspension of a wood-property-enhancing substance to a wood product precursor. The suspension may be added to the wood product precursor in a production line prior to making a finished wood product. The suspension may be manufactured at a site where the wood product precursor is produced. A finished wood product may be made from the wood product precursor. An article is also described comprising a finished wood product made by adding a suspension of a wood-property-enhancing substance to a wood product precursor.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin, high-quality relaxed SiGe-on-insulator substrate material is provided which first includes forming a SiGe or pure Ge layer on a surface of a first single crystal Si layer which is present atop a barrier layer that is resistant to the diffusion of Ge. Optionally forming a Si cap layer over the SiGe or pure Ge layer, and thereafter heating the various layers at a temperature which permits interdiffusion of Ge throughout the first single crystal Si layer, the optional Si cap and the SiGe or pure Ge layer thereby forming a substantially relaxed, single crystal SiGe layer atop the barrier layer. Additional SiGe regrowth and/or formation of a strained epi-Si layer may follow the above steps. SiGe-on-insulator substrate materials as well as structures including at least the SiGe-on-insulator substrate materials are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging member comprising an imaging layer and at least one stiffening layer comprising a blend of polyolefin polymer and amorphous hydrocarbon resin. The invention further describes a method for making the imaging member, comprising extruding a foam polymer sheet, orienting the foam polymer sheet, bringing a stiffening layer comprising a blend of polyolefin polymer and amorphous hydrocarbon resin into contact with the oriented foam polymer sheet, and applying an imaging layer above the stiffening layer. A second method of forming an imaging member comprises extruding a foam polymer sheet, bringing at least one stiffening layer comprising a blend of polyolefin polymer and amorphous hydrocarbon resin into contact with the foam polymer sheet, orienting said foam polymer sheet and said stiffening layer and applying an imaging layer above said stiffening layer.

Abstract: Hydrogenated triglycerides having melting points above 50° C. are substituted for paraffin as a coating material for the surface of paper products and the resulting paper products have improved wet strength and moisture resistance in addition to being repulpable thereby providing a distinct environmental advantage over paraffin coated products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing an interior fitment for motor vehicles, the interior fitment having on its facing side a wood molding which is provided with a coating. In order to impart a substantially natural impression to the interior fitment, the invention proposes applying to the wood molding a coating material based on vegetable-oil-modified resins and natural vegetable oils, with the addition to the coating material of ceramic microparticles. Likewise proposed is an interior fitment produced preferably by this method.

Abstract: A coating system comprises a basecoat of an thermosetting asphalt extended, chemically cross linked—urethane/epoxy hybrid basecoat resting on a substrate, preferably a porous substrate such as concrete or wood that off-gas when coated with a thermoplastic material; and a thermoplastic powder coating topcoat overlying at least the base coat. The thermosetting basecoat composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent based on final formulation, and between 10 and 90% of a petroleum asphalt; between 10 and 90%, of a hydroxy-terminated homopolymer; and between 0.1 and 30% of a functional epoxy reactive diluent for reducing the viscosity of the composition; and further up to 5% of a surfactant for improving surface imperfections, up to 5% of an anti-oxidant; and up to 25% of a thickening agent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to bio-oil compositions, derived from fast pyrolysis of wood feedstocks, that exhibit properties of a preservative. The bio-oil may be used alone, in formulations with either a waterbased, or an oilbased, or a combination of a water based and an oil based preservatives. This invention also includes a method of preparing a wood preservative composition comprising, processing treated wood containing a preservative using a fast pyrolysis reactor, and obtaining the bio-oil fraction. The application of wood products with the bio-oil of the present invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: An epitaxial wafer has a base material made of sapphire-SiC single crystal or the like, a III nitride underfilm including at least Al element epitaxially grown on the base material and a GaN film, preferably having a thickness of 50 Å or over, formed on the underfilm. In a fabricating a III nitride films on the epitaxial wafer, the oxidized surface layer of the GaN film is removed through etching process, and subsequently, the III nitride film is formed.

Abstract: An interleaf sheet is formed by adding a sizing agent into a slurry of bleached kraft pulp or by applying a sizing agent onto a surface of the interleaf sheet which surface contacts a planographic printing plate. The sizing agent is used for the interleaf sheet so as to easily adjust the release properties of the interleaf sheet with respect to the surface (i.e., a water-soluble polymer layer) of the planographic printing plate and to suppress changes in the release properties with the passage of time.

Abstract: A binding tape is constructed from a binding tape paper, an pressure sensitive adhesive layer formed on one side of the binding tape paper, and a release sheet stuck to the pressure sensitive adhesive layer. The binding tape paper is made from a composite paper which includes a pulp at 30-70 parts by weight and synthetic resin fibers at 30-70 parts by weight, in which the synthetic resin fibers have a fineness of 0.4-3.0 deniers and a fiber length of 3-10 mm. The binding tape is formed by cutting the binding tape paper such that the machine direction of the composite paper is directed to the lengthwise direction of the respective binding tape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lightweight composite material comprising:(a) hollow ceramic microspheres;(b) cement;(c) concrete admixture or additive; and(d) water.The invention also relates to a process for preparing the lightweight composite material and construction products, concrete furniture or art objects wholly or partly composed of the lightweight composite material.

Abstract: A recording paper formed mainly from a fibrous material with a cationic substance applied onto the surface thereof or impregnated therein contains a non-wood fiber at least. An image forming method comprises forming an image on the recording paper by the steps of developing an electrostatic image on a photosensitive member by a developing means with a toner, transferring the developed toner image from the photosensitive member onto the recording paper, and fixing the transferred toner image on the recording paper. An image forming method comprises forming an image on the recording paper by ink-jet recording by applying, onto the recording paper, droplets of an ink containing at least an acid dye and/or a direct dye, water, and a water-soluble solvent.

Abstract: A gas seal for rotary shaft applications in which at least a portion of a contact surface of one member of the seal that has relative motion with and in contact with a second member of the seal is coated with a chromium carbide-age hardenable nickel base alloy. The process for depositing and heating the coating is also claimed.

Abstract: Composite materials that can be used to block radiation of a selected wavelength range or provide highly pure colors are disclosed. The materials include dispersions of metal particles that exhibit optical resonance behavior, presenting to the selected radiation absorption cross-sections that substantially exceed the particles' geometric cross-sections. The particles are preferably manufactured as uniform nanosize spheres, and dispersed evenly within a carrier material having compatible dielectric characteristics. The large absorption cross-sections ensure that a relatively small volume of particles will render the composite material fully opaque (or nearly so) to incident radiation of the resonance wavelength, blocking harmful radiation or producing highly pure colors. The durability of the particles themselves ensure resistance to mechanical wear forces and the bleaching effects of intense radiation (e.g., sunlight).

Abstract: A microembossable coating for paper substrates containing: (i) a cross-linked sealing layer provided on the paper substrate, wherein the cross-linked sealing layer has a glass transition temperature above an embossing temperature; (ii) a microembossable layer provided on the cross-linked sealing layer, wherein the microembossable layer comprises, in admixture, a) a cyclohexanone aldehyde resin, b) chlorinated rubber; c) a vinyl terpolymer resin and d) an anti-blocking aid; (iii) an image intensifying layer provided on the microembossable layer; and (iv) a protective layer provided on the image intensifying layer. Optionally, the microembossable layer may contain: a) at least one of methyl methacrylate or ethyl methacrylate, b) polyvinyl acetate maleate copolymer, c) carboxyl vinyl terpolymer, and d) an antiblocking aid. A microembossed paper and process for microembossing paper substrates utilizes the above coatings.

Abstract: Molded products made from gelatinized starch can be made water-resistant by coating with biodegradable polyesters such as poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and poly(.di-elect cons.-caprolactone) (PCL). Adherence of the two dissimilar materials is achieved through the use of an intervening layer of a resinous material such as shellac or rosin which possesses a solubility parameter (hydrophobicity) intermediate to that of the starch and the polyesters. Coating is achieved by spraying an alcoholic solution of the shellac or rosin onto the starch-based article and subsequently coating with a solution of the polyester in an appropriate solvent. Biodegradable products made by the instant process have utility in the food service industry.

Abstract: A package possessing superior tightness properties against gases, in particular oxygen gas, for the distribution of goods. The package, which, for example, may be a plastic bottle, has a coating applied on the outer walls of the package, the coating comprising a silicon oxide compound of the general chemical formula SiO.sub.x, where x may vary from 1.8 to 2.2. The silicon oxide coating is deposited on the package walls by vacuum deposition, preferably chemical plasma vapor deposition (CPVD), by means of which the coating is deposited in the form of a very thin but nevertheless extremely tight continuous coating of a thickness of less than 2000 .ANG.. After one occasion of use, the package may be cleaned using conventional washing and rinsing solutions which efficiently remove the preceding coating, whereafter the package is provided with a new coating prior to a new product filling.

Abstract: Two types of disposable pans made from a paper sheet material by press means are disclosed, particularly designed to prevent its paper configuration from easily deforming and/or to prevent its bottom portion from easy burning or scorching. The one type includes at least two parts, a bowl-like concave part having a bottom portion and an opening divergent part extended upwards from said concave parts. This type necessitates a specific supporting means when used with a cooking oven. The another type additionally includes a flange part interposed between said two parts and can be used without any supporting means. In order to prevent the paper configuration from easy deforming, a plurality of folds are provided on the opening divergent part to have the overlapped width small, and/or a synthetic resin is laminated on said paper sheet material.

Abstract: An article which is sensitive to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation in the radiofrequency radiation range, consisting essentially of a substrate, a layer of a binder material and a layer of activated diazoluminomelanin. This article is prepared by coating at least one surface of a substrate with a binder, immersing the binder-coated substrate into a solution comprising luminol, 3AT and a soluble nitrite for a period of about 2 to 12 days to provide a layer of diazoluminomelanin (DALM) on the binder layer, removing the DALM-coated film from the solution and rinsing the same, activating the DALM with sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen peroxide for a period of about 2 to 12 days.

Abstract: A decor sheet for use in decorative laminates wherein the sheet is treated with a sizing agent to reduce its capacity for a laminating resin and enhance its opacity; in a preferred embodiment, the resin-impregnated decor sheet exhibits a resin gradient in the thickness direction to provide a decor sheet having a resin-rich top layer and a resin-starved bottom layer; in accordance with a preferred embodiment, the resin gradient is achieved by differentially sizing the bottom versus the top surface of the decor sheet; a decorative laminate employing such decor sheets are described.

Abstract: A permanent paper is disclosed which employs as a stock pulp slurry containing at least one kind of filler and aluminum sulfate, a hydrophobic modified rosin emulsion sizing agent and a water-soluble alkaline salt, wherein the pH where said filler is dispersed in water to form 10% of a dispersion is 4-8, the pH of said pulp slurry is controlled within 6.5-7.5 and an alkaline salt of an acid having a pKa of 5-14 at a 25.degree. C. aqueous solution is coated onto said paper and the pH of the coated paper extract in cold water is 7.5-9.0.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion comprising a copolymer comprising ethylene, vinyl chloride, and vinyl acetate and having a glass transition temperature of from -15.degree. to 35.degree. C., an emulsion of a rosin ester having a softening point of from 110.degree. to 150.degree. C. and a Gardner color scale of not higher than 5, and an emulsion of a wax having a melting point of from 50.degree. to 100.degree. C., and an easily macerating water-proof paper obtained by coating the aqueous emulsion on at least one surface of a base paper. The paper coated with the aqueous emulsion has excellent moisture-proof property, water repellency, and easily macerating property, and does not cause blocking.

Abstract: Thin-walled biodegradable starch-based articles, particularly sheets of film including at least one first layer of polymeric material including starch and at least one second layer of hydrophobic material, are characterized in that the second layer includes a natural or synthetic wax or mixture of waxes.

Abstract: A layered material such as a packaging laminate for a packaging container possessing superior oxygen gas and aroma barrier properties. The packaging laminate comprises a first laminate unit and a second laminate unit which are bonded together by the intermediary of an interjacent layer of an adhesive. The first laminate unit has a rigid, but foldable core layer and outer, surrounding layers of thermoplastic, and the second laminate unit has a flexible substrate or carrier layer of thermoplastic which, on its surface, carries a layer acting as an oxygen gas and aroma barrier and consisting of a silicon oxide deposited by chemical plasma deposition and having the general chemical formula SiO.sub.x, in which x may vary within the range of between 1.5 and 2.2. A flexible laminate having a SiO.sub.x barrier layer is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of reducing the water vapor permeability of a sheet of paper, which comprises the step of coating the paper sheet with a film of 5-30 g/sq.m. of a coating medium consisting of a rosin sizing dispersion containing additives improving the film-forming properties of the coating medium, which additives include surfactants and waxes. It also deals with a paper so produced.

Abstract: An isocyanate bonded wood composite, such as a doorskin, comprising about 95% to about 99% by weight wood fiber, about 1% to about 4% by weight of an organic isocyanate and 0% to about 2% by weight of a wax, and its method of manufacture, are disclosed. The isocyanate bonded wood composite is manufactured by admixing the ingredients, then pressing the admixed ingredients at a temperature of about 200.degree. F. to about 320.degree. F., for a sufficient time and at a sufficient pressure, to provide an isocyanate bonded wood composite having a density of about 0.9 g/cc to about 1.1 g/cc, and that demonstrates improved porosity and adhesive properties.

Abstract: A protective coating for wood comprising a) an undercoat which penetrates the surface of the wood and contains a phenolic antioxidant, and b) a conventional top coat. The top coat preferably contains a light stabiliser.

Abstract: A decor sheet for use in a decorative laminate comprising:bleached cellulose fibers;about 10 to 60% titanium dioxide; andabout 1 to 20% cellulose acetate fibrets is described.The decor sheet has a basis weight of 30 to 100 lbs./3000 sq. ft.

Abstract: Disclosed is a recording sheet which comprises a substrate; a first coating in contact with the substrate which comprises a crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of hexamethoxymethyl melamine, methylated melamine-formaldehyde, methylated urea-formaldehyde, cationic urea-formaldehyde, cationic polyamine-epichlorohydrin, glyoxal-urea resin, poly (aziridine), poly (acrylamide), poly (N,N-dimethyl acrylamide), acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer, poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid), poly (N,N-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylene piperidinium chloride), poly (methylene-guanidine) hydrochloride, poly (ethylene imine) poly (ethylene imine) epichlorohydrin, poly (ethylene imine) ethoxylated, glutaraldehyde, and mixtures thereof; a catalyst; and a polymeric material capable of being crosslinked by the crosslinking agent and selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides having at least one hydroxy group, polysaccharides having at least one carboxy group, polysaccharides having at least one sulf

Abstract: A wrapper for preparing a rosin baked potato by wrapping a whole potato in a wrapper formed from a rosin impregnated absorbent cellulosic substrate laminated by rosin to a flexible sheet and allowing melted rosin to be retained around the potato as the potato is baked in a heating apparatus.

Abstract: A plated ceramic or glass substrate having a plated surface, wherein an undercoat is formed between the surface of the substrate and the plating film. The undercoat includes nitrogen and at least one of chromium and titanium as major components thereof.

Abstract: A laminated material for the manufacture of packing containers with good gas and aroma barrier properties and or parts for such containers, and a method for the manufacture of the laminated material (1).The laminated material (1) comprises a first partial laminate (1) comprising a carrier layer (2) of thermoplastics and a barrier layer (3) of inorganic material of 50-500 .ANG. thickness serving as a gas and aroma barrier and a second partial laminate (1b) comprising a carrier layer (4) and a barrier layer (5) of inorganic material of 50-500 .ANG. thickness serving as a gas and aroma barrier, these partial laminates being joined to one another by means of an intermediate layer (6) of bonding agent, their respective barrier layers facing inwards towards one another.

Abstract: A photographic support having an undercoating layer on a resin coated base sheet, said undercoating layer comprising (a) a hydrophilic colloid, and (b) a special amphoteric surface active agent, or (a) a hydrophilic colloid, (b') a p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester and/or a special amphoteric surface active agent and (c) a special isothiazoline-3-one compound, provides excellent coating and adhesive properties to a photographic emulsion layer formed on the undercoating layer.

Abstract: A construction of an element adapted to provide fire-resistant support for a relatively fragile and relatively heavy decorative glass member, the construction converting that element into a structural element having in bonded combination a water-felted mineral fiberboard panel, a glass mirror, and a latex-, rubber-base or epoxy waterproof adhesive, the combination being edge-supported on a hung gridwork.

Abstract: An erasable system including a marking element providing a non-porous marking surface and an erasable marking composition for applying markings to the marking surface. The erasable marking composition comprises a film forming polymeric material and a colorant. Preferred marking compositions comprise an elastomeric film forming polymeric material.