Abstract: There is disclosed a flame retardant composition suitable for application to a variety of textile and textile related products. The formulation is a water based liquid polymeric concentrate comprising about 35-65 parts of ammonium phosphate, about 10-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, about 40-60 parts of an alkanolamine, about 40-60 parts of phosphoric acid, about 20-40 parts of an aldehyde, in 100-140 parts by weight of water.

Abstract: A bowling lane comprises a plurality of sections of longitudinally extending laminated panels supported by a foundation having means for leveling the lane sections during installation. The panels each have a decoratively printed upper surface of a plastic laminate or polyurethane which simulates the appearance and bowling characteristics of natural wooden lanes.

Abstract: A method of resurfacing a worn wooden bowling lane comprises the steps of (a) smoothing the worn lane surface to a uniform level, (b) securing suitable underlayment panels to the surface of selected lane sections exposed to direct ball impact, (c) securing decorative panels of intermediate-density resin-bonded particle board to the surface of the remaining lane sections exposed only to rolling ball contact, and (d) securing a decorative, impact- and abrasion-resistant plastic laminate to the underlayment panels. The decorative panels simulate the appearance and bowling characteristics of natural wooden lanes.

Abstract: Nitrocellulose/polyester or alkyd resin dispersions having a high pot life and low requirement for coalescing agent may be prepared with the aid of water-insoluble aminoplast resins if care is taken to ensure that a mixture of these components is present within the particles of the disperse phase.

Abstract: The invention is a composition of matter and method for its use in reducing formaldehyde emission from wood composite panels bonded with aminoplast resins. The preferred composition comprises urea, a carbohydrate based material such as cooked or gelatinized starch, and an acidic catalyst for the resin. The ratio of urea to carbohydrate based material is in the range of 10:1 to 40:1 while the urea forms from 20-60% of the composition. In use, the composition is preferably sprayed on the wood particles, flakes or fiber in the blender at the same time resin is added. Typical usage is 0.4-3 parts, on a urea basis, added to each 100 parts of dry wood substance. Depending on several factors, the reduction in formaldehyde emission ranges from 60-90% without serious deterioration occurring in any other product physical properties.

Abstract: A formaldehyde-free adhesive system for the manufacture of particleboard comprises the reaction product of a cyclic urea and glyoxal in an equivalent ratio of about 1.1-1.5:1.

Abstract: An improvement in a bowling lane having a decorative laminate surface which improvement comprises incorporating into the core of the laminate a plurality of alternating layers of glass cloth and crepe paper, each core layer being impregnated with a thermosetting resin and an organic fire retardant material, contiguous and adjacent core layers being interlaminarly bonded to one another.

Abstract: A substantial reduction of free excess formaldehyde in formaldehyde laden wood panels is achieved by coating at least one side of the panel with a salt solution containing an ammonium cation such as a 10-15% aqueous solution of ammonium bicarbonate. After coating, a barrier is placed over the coated surface such as by stacking a plurality of similarly coated panels with the barrier being maintained sufficiently long to allow ammonia gas generated from normal degradation of the ammonium salt to migrate to the free formaldehyde zone where the ammonia gas reacts with the formaldehyde to produce a stable, low volatility reaction product. The treatment may be applied to raw or finished panels and the generated ammonia gas reacts in the stacked panels with formaldehyde in both the glue lines and the formaldehyde based finish topcoating.

Abstract: An aqueous polymeric composition for use in treating surfaces of lignocellulose fiber laps during processing to produce lignocellulose hardboard sheets having improved physical characteristics.

Abstract: Non-flammable reactive particle compositions useful in forming shaped articles prepared from flammable cellulosic materials and a type of urea/formaldehyde resin. Processes for their preparation and a method of rendering flammable reactive particles substantially inflammable.

Abstract: Particle board contains, as a fibrous material with good structural properties, at least a proportion of chicory root particles. Preferably the chicory is mixed with bagasse fibres to provide strength to the board, and a filler in the form of coffee grounds is included. The coffee and chicory constituents are conveniently obtained as wastes from the manufacture of instant coffee.

Abstract: A lamina for a medium density structural board made from dimensioned wood flakes cut from a mixture of hardwood species and having a high retained internal bond strength is disclosed. The wood flakes are blended with a phenol formaldehyde resin having a major quantity of a low molecular weight fraction and a wax and then formed into a hot pressed product. The lamina may be used alone or as the core of a structural board having veneer, hardboard or plywood face panels. Three or more lamina may be formed into a structural board or used as the core of a board having veneer, hardboard or plywood face panels.

Abstract: The disclosed invention includes an improved construction of structural members such as railroad crossties, highway spin posts and highway guard posts and to construction of said members from composite wood material including elongated wood flakes and to a method for making such improved structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of urea/formaldehyde adhesives and to the adhesives thus obtained.According to the invention, an inorganic salt is mixed with a source of formaldehyde, the resulting mixture is heated and reacted with urea to initiate polymerization in an acid medium, the polymerization reaction is stopped when the mixture has reached the required viscosity, the mixture is cooled, urea is added to the mixture during cooling and the adhesive is obtained after cooling.The adhesives obtained may be used in the production of agglomerated or laminated panels of wood.

Abstract: Visible index strip rolls of a novel, cost effective construction; and methods and machinery for manufacturing those rolls.

Abstract: A bowling lane having a decorative laminate surface in which the lane approach surface and the lane surface proper has a finish which provides a 60 degree gloss below about 30 in the machine direction as measured according to NEMA Standard 8-19-1964.

Abstract: A panel suitable as a bowling lane surface comprising a melamine impregnated protective layer bonded under heat and pressure to a hardboard substrate. The melamine impregnated protective layer is comprised of one or more melamine resin impregnated decorative fibrous print sheets. The surface of the bowling lane so produced is characterized by a falling ball impact resistance of at least 60 inches, a wear rate of between about 0.02 and 0.05 and a Taber abrasion resistance at least about 400 cycles.

Abstract: An aqueous polymeric composition for use in treating surfaces of lignocellulose fiber laps during processing to produce lignocellulose hardboard sheets having improved physical characteristics.

Abstract: A process for producing a filler for adhesive for bonding wood which comprises contacting a raw material of filler for adhesive composed of a vegetable cellulosic material with saturated steam or superheated steam and thereby heat-treating it.

Abstract: A two stage panel suitable as a bowling lane comprising a decorative laminate sheet bonded in situ to a substrate selected from the group consisting of natural wood, consolidated wood fibers, plywood, flakeboard, chipboard and hardwood. The plastic laminate sheet comprises a plurality of thermosetting resin impregnated core sheets, a melamine resin impregnated decorative fibrous print sheet and an overlying melamine resin containing protective layer. The surface of the bowling lane so produced is characterized by a falling ball impact resistance of at least 60 inches, a coefficient of friction of at least about 0.16 and a Taber abrasion resistance at least about 500 cycles.

Abstract: The aqueous emulsion paints according to the invention contain urea-formaldehyde white pigments having very characteristic physical properties. Compared with aqueous emulsion paints according to the prior art, which in addition to TiO.sub.2 can contain only a maximum of 20% by weight of UF white pigments based on the entire content of white pigments, according to the invention TiO.sub.2 may be substituted up to 100% by the UF white pigment. The resultant finishes are fast to light, weather and abrasion.

Abstract: A urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive comprising a powder of a substance having the property of gradually reacting with an acid and thus consuming the acid.

Abstract: A process for flameproofing wood is claimed, which comprises treating the wood with aqueous preparations which contain(a) at least one water-soluble ammonium salt of a non-volatile inorganic acid, e.g. ammonium sulfate or ammonium phosphate,(b) at least one water-soluble cationic reaction product of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde, optionally an ammonium salt and/or an alkylenepolyamine containing at most 18 carbon atoms, or the acid salt thereof.Components (a) and (b) are applied in succession or preferably simultaneously and the wood is subsequently dried. The flameproof finish obtained is resistant to rinsing. The wood provided with the flameproof finish is used in particular as mine timber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing cladding which comprises the steps of making cellulosic material in the form of particles in which about 20 to 30% of the particles comprise fine particles and the remaining percentage comprise coarse particles which have a thickness of 0.35 to 0.7 mm. A bonding resin is then added to the cellulosic material and the cellulosic material is then formed into a mat. The mat is then passed to a hot press and the press is operated in a manner to obtain rapid closure from the initial contacting of the press platens with the mat until the cladding material so formed is of required thickness. The coarse particles form a core between two layers of fine particles and the core has a void content of between 10 and 30% preferably about 25%.

Abstract: A glue for wood, comprising a thermosetting condensation resin and a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrophobic group in the side chain thereof.

Abstract: A low pressure heat resistant decorative laminate material comprises a wood base member directly secured to a decorative plastic film by an adhesive having aluminum powder dispersed therein.

Abstract: Highly methylated methylolguanamines, such as a methylated tetramethylolbenzoguanamine or tetramethylolacetoguanamine, are advanced by heating under acid to neutral conditions with an advancement agent such as benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine, ethyleneurea, 1,3-propyleneurea, melamine, or urea. The products may be heated with resins containing at least two alcoholic hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, or carboxylic amide groups per molecule to form hard, crosslinked coatings. They are particularly useful in powder coatings.

Abstract: Ambient or low-temperature curable aqueous dispersions of (1) an emulsion polymer containing units polymerized from a monomer mixture of (a) from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight of a polymerizable aldehyde, (b) from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (c) up to about 99.25% by weight of at least one copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, with (2) a curing agent selected from the group of dicarboxylic acid bis-hydrazides and bis-hydrazones are disclosed. The dispersions are useful in leather treating compositions, especially in top coat compositions. A process for producing fully finished leather, or leather substitutes is also disclosed.

Abstract: An artificial lumber board comprises a plurality of elongated wood strips having medial body portions of different thicknesses and tapered tip end portions being thinner and more flexible than the medial portions wherein the wood strips are aligned longitudinally in the board and compressed. The compressed wood strips lap and bend over one another to form generally continuous sinuous wood grain-like structures extending along the board with the tapered tip portions providing generally point contact fitting of the wood strips with one another reducing the presence of void spaces in the board.

Abstract: Alined wood particles and an adhesive binder comprise the faces of a sandwiched, laminate-like structure formed in a one-step pressing and heating operation, the interior of which is made of randomly oriented wood particles and an adhesive binder, exhibiting light weight and greater bending strength than known particleboards constructed from heavy hardwoods such as red oak.

Abstract: A method for resurfacing a bowling alley to fill dents and overlie the original wood surface with an oil barrier layer over which is adhesively affixed a high pressure laminate material layer with an external surface having the appearance of the original surface of the alley.

Abstract: A plywood glue comprises an aqueous mixture of from 30-90 parts by weight urea formaldehyde resin, from 10-70 parts waste liquor from the acid sulfite pulping of lignocellulose, an amylaceous filler and from 0-2 to 4.0% ammonium ion (expressed as NH.sub.3), based on the waste liquor solids. Prior to mixing, the sulfite waste liquor component of the mixture has a pH of from 3-9; the urea formaldehyde resin, a pH of from 6-9. The urea formaldehyde resin is further characterized by a molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea of from 1.2 to 2.5 and a methylol content corresponding to a Witte number of from 1.0 to 2.2.Plywood is made using the herein described glue by applying to the surfaces of wood veneers a bonding quantity of the glue, assembling the adhesive-coated veneers, and pressing the resulting assembly to cure the glue and bond the veneers together.

Abstract: Solutions of polyethylenimine or a hydrophilic derivative thereof and a hydrophilic acrylic polymer for coating watercraft below the waterline. The coating results in reduced drag by the water on the watercraft as it travels through the water. The coating also acts as a glaze coating which protects and increases the life of paint on the surfaces over which it is coated.

Abstract: Structural members having strength properties comparable or superior to those of solid wood are made from a composite wood material comprised of elongated wood flakes bonded together with a binder. The grain direction of the flakes extend generally parallel to their longitudinal axis and the flakes are oriented so that the longitudinal axis of at least a majority is generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structural member. The structural member is formed as a solid one-piece unit or assembled from two or more structural components which are made from the composite wood material and are joined together in angular relationship with an adhesive.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making wood laminates from a plurality of wood plies having relatively high moisture contents. By employing a center ply having a moisture content of at least 3%, relatively high moisture content plies can be employed in the preparation of wood laminates without experiencing defective panels due to the blow out of steam built up during pressing. The outer plies can have moisture contents of as high as 25%. Additionally, interior plies other than the center ply can also have moisture contents similar to that of the center ply or can have moisture contents below that of the outer plies.

Abstract: Wood can be hot-pressed into various composites using as adhesive subdivided plant foliage. Considerable bond strength is achieved, the bonds having water resistance adequate for many uses. The foliage is the primary adhesive i.e., is greater than 95% wt. of the active adhesive components present. The foliage can be used either in the form of a powder or as a dispersion in an aqueous liquid carrier. The foliage-wood system is hot-pressed to achieve the desired bonding, the pressing temperature being above the softening temperature of the foliage. The softening temperature of the foliage varies depending on the moisture content. The foliage proportions in the composite can range from about 1% to about 60% by wt. or more in some cases. Increased bond strengths have been achieved using formaldehyde crosslinking agents or alkaline additives.

Abstract: A bowling lane has a decorative laminate surface characterized by a falling ball impact resistance of at least about 60 inches, a coefficient of friction of about 0.18 and a Taber abrasion resistance of at least about 500 cycles.

Abstract: A method of preparing a resinous system, and the resinous system produced by the method is described wherein about 65-80 moles of an aldehyde such as formaldehyde, about 15-25 moles of catalyzing inorganic acid, optionally, about 3-7 moles of an alkanolamine such as triethanolamine, and about 20-30 moles of urea, are reacted to provide an aqueous resinous solution. The resinous solution will cure at room temperature or upon application of heat, permitting its use as a flexible, pliable, waterproof, non-burning coating.

Abstract: A composition for coating the surface of a substrate, particularly structural members, and providing thereon an adherent, fireproof barrier coating including an aqueous dispersion containing vinyl acetate, titanium dioxide, pumice, zinc oxide, sodium silicate, hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, a comminuted high temperature fluorocarbon resin, a furan resin, comminuted charcoal, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: The electroinsulating material of the present invention contains a fluorine rubber, low-molecular weight sticky resin, cross-linking agents, particles of a mica-containing material, and a mineral filler.This material features high corona resistance, elasticity, heat resistance, and incombustibility.

Abstract: Ambient or low-temperature curable solutions or aqueous dispersions of (1) a polymer containing units polymerized from a monomer mixture of (a) from about 0.25% to about 30% by weight of a polymerizable aldehyde, and (b) at least one copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, with (2) a curing agent selected from the group of dicarboxylic acid bis-hydrazides, dicarboxylic acid bis-hydrazones, and acrylic oligomers and low molecular weight acrylic solution polymers containing a plurality of pendant hydrazide or hydrazone groups. The solutions or dispersions are useful as general industrial coatings, maintenance coatings, furniture and appliance coatings, heavy transportation coatings, automobile refinishes and plastics coatings.

Abstract: Structural wood paneling or other molded wood compositions consisting of finely divided wood chips, flour, or strands are bound together and hot pressed with a modified novolac resin which is the cured product of a prepolymer made from an aralkyl ether or halide with a phenol and a hardening agent such as hexamethylene tetramine. The fire resistance of these articles is further improved by incorporating in the binder certain inorganic fillers, especially a mixture of ammonium oxalate and ammonium phosphate.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a substrate web coated with a thermosetting coating resin and optionally impregnated with an aminoplast resin, in particular a web of paper, for the surface finishing of woodwork panels or laminates, the improvement that the coating resin is a modified polyester resin, composed of (a) 60 to 95% by weight of a hardenable polyester resin, (b) 1 to 15% by weight of a cross-linking agent for the polyester resin, (c) 5 to 40% by weight of a thermoplastic containing predominantly linear, high-molecular weight, reactive groups, (d) 1 to 15% by weight of a monomer with at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one group which reacts with the reactive group of the thermoplastic, and (e) a hardening catalyst, and optionally dyes, pigments and/or fillers. The invention also relates to a process for preparing a synthetic resin coated substrate web.

Abstract: A binder for cellulose fiber reinforced board material comprising a mixture of:(a) a weakly alkaline phenol-formaldehyde condensate resin with a phenolic compound to formaldehyde mol ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:3.0, preferably of 1:1.8 to 1:2.7, and with an alkali content of .ltoreq. 15% by weight NaOH or KOH, related to the solids content of the resin;(b) a di- and/or poly-functional isocyanate in a quantity of from 5% to 25% by weight, related to (a); and(c) a tertiary alkyl and/or aralkyl amine and/or alkylenpolyamine in a quantity of from 0.1% to 5% by weight, related to (a).a boiling water and weather resistant board material containing said binder and a process for the production of said board material are disclosed.

Abstract: Amino resins, e.g., urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde thermosetting resin systems, are cured with thermally-decomposable adducts of aromatic sulfonic acids and oxa-azacyclopentanes. The resin products cured with these adducts provide surface coatings having superior water resistance properties. The cured compositions can include other conventional ingredients capable of co-reacting with the amino resins, such as polyols, polyacids, alkyd resins, polyester resins, epoxies, acrylics and the like, to provide compositions curable to products having a wide range of properties.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite using urea-formaldehyde adhesive is described characterized by treating the lignocellulosic constituents with ammonium-base lignosulfonate prior to pressing to decrease the emission of formaldehyde.

Abstract: A composition for coating the surface of a substrate, particularly structural members, and providing thereon an adherent, fireproof barrier coating including an aqueous dispersion containing vinyl acetate, titanium dioxide, pumice, zinc oxide, sodium silicate, hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, a comminuted high temperature fluorocarbon resin, a furan resin, comminuted charcoal, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion of a binder for coating compositions comprising 5-35% by weight of nitrocellulose, 0-30% by weight, based on (a) of plasticizer, 5-50% by weight of alkyd resin, 30-80% by weight of water, 0.5-10% by weight of emulsifier, and optionally 4-40% by weight of a urea resin and/or melamine resin.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous emulsion coating compositions comprising a thermosetting polyester resin, cellulose ester, melamine-formaldehyde crosslinking agent, a combination surfactant-curing agent and a suitable organic solvent. The cellulose ester is preferably cellulose acetate butyrate. The combination surfactant-curing agent is preferably ammonia- or amine-neutralized salts of sulfonated, ethoxylated hydrocarbons. The concentrate is emulsified in water and used as a coating composition. The coating has low solvent emission to the atmosphere when drying, provides a hard but flexible coating having excellent appearance, good durability, and rapid drying properties.

Abstract: A method of converting lignocellulosic materials into various useful products, the method being controlled to produce the different products in accordance with the demand for them in the market. All of the original lignocellulosic material is used in this method. An important product obtained from this method is lumber engineered and dimensioned in accordance with the demand, and having predetermined characteristics.