Abstract: Non-woven fabrics made from spun, synthetic polymer filaments and composed of several superposed layers of interbonded monofilaments and multifilament strands deposited in a tangled form; at least segments of the individual filaments of the multifilament strands being disposed parallel to one another with total or partial bonding together of the parallel filaments, and the individual filaments and the multifilament strands being bonded together at least at the points of their random crossings.

Abstract: A flocked foam having an embossed pattern provided by a high-frequency welder is disclosed. The foam comprises a partially cross-linked foam substrate (10 to 75% gel fraction in boiling toluene for 15 hours) formed from a 1,2-polybutadiene resin or a polymer blend including a 1,2-polybutadiene resin as one component thereof, and modacrylic pile fibers or a mixture thereof with other pile fibers flocked on the surface of the foam substrate.

Abstract: A raised decorative pattern is formed on a fabric by cutting spaced-apart slits side-by-side in a row in the fabric thereby to form in sequence first, second, third, and further strips as required of the fabric between adjacent slits and successively knitting the strips by a process resembling crocheting which comprises passing the second strip as a partial loop under and around the first strip, passing the third strip as a partial loop under and around the partial loop of the second strip, and thus successively repeating the procedure with the successive strips. A fabric with such a pattern can find use in a broad range of articles.

Abstract: A laminated structure suitable for use for the interior decorating of buildings and for motor vehicle upholstery comprising at least one decorative layer of organic material, which is combined, by hot pressing, with a support consisting of a polyolefin sheet, in which the polyolefin sheet comprises from 10 to 90% by weight of cellulose fibres and from 90 to 10% by weight of a polyolefin which is modified by polar monomeric units derived from at least one monomer chosen from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids, the corresponding anhydrides and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of leatherlike sheet materials which comprises: preparing hollow composite fibers, each composed of 32 to 72 alternately arranged segments of polyester or polyamide and polystyrene which are mutually adhered side-by-side and encompass a hollow space, and which extend along the longitudinal axis of the fiber to form a tubular body, the hollow composite fiber having a denier of 1 to 20, and each segment having a denier of 0.01 to 0.5; forming a fabric using thus prepared hollow composite fibers; removing the polystyrene segments with a solvent thereof from the hollow composite fibers; and applying an elastic polymer to the fabric. The resultant leatherlike sheet materials have fine touch, excellent repulsive elasticity and excellent wrinkle resistance similar to natural suede. The hollow ratio (ratio by volume of the hollow space to the sum of the volume of the polyester or polyamide segments, the polystyrene segments and the hollow space) is 2-15%.

Abstract: A composite synthetic leather sheet material and method of manufacture thereof is disclosed. The composite sheet material comprises outer thermoplastic polymeric layers bonded to opposite faces of a reinforcing textile fabric, preferably a porous woven fabric of high strength material, by an intermediate polymeric layer which fills the interstices of the fabric and has opposite surfaces disposed adjacent the fabric surfaces to engage and firmly secure the outer thermoplastic polymeric layers in the composite sheet. One of the outer thermoplastic layers is foamed to a relatively high degree and the outer surface of the foam is mechanically abraded or buffed to provide a suede-like leather appearance thereto. The other outer thermoplastic layer may be foamed and provided with an embossed leather-like surface appearance. The sheet material product is reversible in use, completely heat-sealable, flow-moldable, and printable on both sides for subsequent manufacture of synthetic leather good articles.

Abstract: A simulated leather sheet material is comprised of a polymer impregnated fibrous mass with a grain layer forming one surface and a split layer forming the opposing surface. The grain layer has an actual density equal to its bulk density and the split layer has a bulk density less than its actual density. The sheet material has a density decreasing from the grain layer to the split layer.

Abstract: A system for the manufacture of leatherlike materials, particularly for shoe uppers, which avoids pollution, toxicity and fire hazards and makes it possible for the shoe manufacturer to make his shoe upper materials as required with a minimum of investment in inventory of raw materials and with simple, relatively inexpensive equipment.

Abstract: An improved composite sheet material product having the appearance, drape, hand and water absorption and retention characteristics of natural chamois leather, comprising, in combination, a reinforcing textile fabric having opposed raised fiber faces, a soft water-absorbent porous polymeric foam layer secured to the opposed raised fibrous faces of the textile fabric, the foam layers having a normal high surface tack characteristic causing sticking and delamination of the layers from the sheet material under pressure contact, and wherein the exposed porous surfaces of the normally tacky foam layers are coated with a non-tacky water insoluble, film-forming polymer, such as a urethane polymer, to minimize tackification and delamination of the foam layers without noticeable loss in water absorption, retention, and appearance of the composite sheet material to that of natural chamois leather.Also disclosed is a method of manufacture of such composite sheet material products.

Abstract: The specification describes water vapor-permeability sheet materials, particularly useful in the footwear industry. The production of sheet materials which are water permeable, highly resistant to wear, water resistant and mechanically stressable occurs by mechanically foaming a polymeric dispersion, the mechanical foaming being carried out in the presence of a surfactant, the density of the film being adjusted by the mechanical foaming to 0.55-0.85 g/cm.sup.3, gelling the foamed dispersion at a temperature of 120.degree. to 220.degree. C., for at most 10 minutes, and finishing the sheet material by spraying and/or rastering.

Abstract: This invention relates to a bonded non-woven fabric capable of absorbing water vapor, containing fibers of cellulose hydrate modified by at least one organic polymeric compound, either solely or blended with synthetic, natural or regenerated fibers.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of an oxidized microcrystalline wax, optionally together with one or more non-oxidized paraffins, in which a cationic surfactant is used as dispersing agent may be applied to textile substrates by impregnation or exhaust processes. The treated textile substrates, particularly knitted goods, have improved sewability and are less liable to damage by high-speed sewing machines.

Abstract: A composite piece 9 comprises at least two layers 3,5 of flexible materials which may be identical or different. Adjacent layers 3,5 are bonded by multiplicities of interposed thermoplastic beads 7 which lie equally spaced along parallel lines and adhere to both adjacent layers. The piece 9 may be made by passing layers 3,5 and an interposed thermoplastic (preferably high-density polyethylene) lattice having the form of beads linked by thin threads through a heated calendar 1,2, whereby the threads are melted away and the beads 7 heat-welded to the layers 3,5. One or both external faces may be dyed or printed simultaneously with the head-welding step by including transfer paper(s) 11,12 in the "sandwich" passed through the calendar.The composite pieces 9 may be applicable to e.g., furnishings and clothing, and especially to reversible garments.

Abstract: The composite sheet of this invention provides a fabric of superfine fibers impregnated with a high molecular weight elastic polymer and a hardened high molecular weight organic compound, having a nap on its surface formed from the ends of the fibers which constitute the fabric. The root portion of at least a part of the nap is bonded into a bundle by the high molecular weight organic compound, and the tip portion of the nap constituting the bundle is fibrous, thereby including at least some individually distinct fibers.The composite sheet or fabric has the appearance of a high-quality napped woolen woven fabric, deep in color, having a smooth touch, having bulkiness, water-washability and easy care due to excellent crease resistance and packability. It is especially suitable for clothing.

Abstract: Microporous polymeric material such as elastomeric polyurethane laminated to fibrous fabric by fusing projections integrally formed on such microporous material the projections being spaced or in an open pattern. The lamination may be effected by applying a flame to the projections or by otherwise supplying heat thereto to make them tacky and then pressing the fabric and tackified projection-carrying surface against each other to embed surface fibers of the fabric into the spaced tacky material.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with solvent free or very low solvent coating compositions suitable for use on flexible sheet form substrates particularly textile substrates. The composition comprises a urethane group-containing prepolymer with OH or CONH.sub.2 terminal groups mixed with a urea or melamine formaldehyde resin and a stable aqueous polymer dispersion or solution. The composition may also contain small amounts of an organic solvent. The coating can be applied to the substrate by direct or reverse coating techniques.

Abstract: A composite sheet material comprising a fibrous sheet which is impregnated and/or coated with a polyurethane elastomer, wherein said polyurethane elastomer comprises the reaction product of(A) a polymeric diol having a molecular weight of about 800-5000,(B) an organic polyisocyanate, and(C) a chain extender comprising a low molecular weight organic diol, and if desired,(D) a chain terminator; wherein more than 2 mol % of (C) and/or (D) comprise a hindered amine compound having the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, oxygen, an alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group containing 7-18 carbon atoms, an acyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, --(R.sup.5 O).sub.n H and --(COR.sup.6 CO.sub.2 R.sup.7 O).sub.m --H, wherein R.sup.5 is an alkylene group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, R.sup.6 is a residue of an alkenyl group containing 2-12 carbon atoms, an organic dicarboxylic acid containing 2-12 carbon atoms, R.sup.

Abstract: Laminates comprising cloth (17) or other sheet material bonded to a filled crystalline polypropylene composition (14) by means of an unfilled crystalline polypropylene composition (15), preferably a crystalline random copolymer of propylene and 0.5 to 5.0% of ethylene. The laminates are made by sandwiching preferably a sheet (15) of the unfilled composition between the cloth (17) and filled composition (14) and then heating the sandwich to above the crystalline melting points of the polypropylenes and subsequently cooling to form the laminate. The fillers may be minerals or wood flour, the cloths may be knitted, woven or felted and other sheet materials may be plastics films, metal foils, paper or leather cloth.

Abstract: A leather-like material with a high degree of air permeability, good abrasion resistance and resistance to cracking at low temperatures comprising a porous fibrous substrate having fibers extending from a surface thereof, and a polymer layer secured substantially exclusively along said extending fibers and forming a discontinuous polymer phase and a continuous pore phase, said leather-like material having a surface luster of the same order of magnitude as top-grain leather.

Abstract: A reconstituted leather and method of manufacture wherein leather is pulverized to form a fine powder which is then treated to polarize the particles and cause them to form groups or aggregates. The aggregates are then intermixed with a resinous binder to form said reconstituted leather which is then buffed to expose the natural leather and produce a structure closely resembling natural leather in feel, odor and appearance.

Abstract: A leather-like material with a high degree of air permeability, good abrasion resistance and resistance to cracking at low temperatures comprising a porous fibrous substrate having fibers extending from a surface thereof, and a polymer layer secured substantially exclusively along said extending fibers and forming a discontinuous polymer phase and a continuous pore phase, said leather-like material having a surface luster of the same order of magnitude as top-grain leather.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a synthetic resin powder of latex particles having an average particle size between 1 micron and 5 microns, which particles can be partially or completely loosely aggregated to form larger particles, said synthetic resin being a cross-linked copolymer of 75 to 99.5 percent by weight of a monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate and isobutyl methacrylate in a weight ratio of 1:3 to 3:1, 0.5 to 10 percent by weight of a cross-linking comonomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds, and 0 to 24.5 percent by weight of a further different ethylenically-unsaturated comonomer copolymerizable therewith, a coating agent containing a binder dissolved or dispersed therein together with such a resin powder, and a method of coating using such a coating agent to give coatings wherein the presence of the resin powder prevents blocking of the coatings without undue loss of luster therein.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method for improving the water storage capacity of textile substrates, particularly fleece based artificial leathers by treatment with a hydrophilizing agent. This agent, once applied to the substrate is insoluble in but swellable in water. The agent in an uncross-linked state is water soluble and has a turbidity point of between about 25.degree. and 95.degree. C. in a 25% aqueous solution. The agent may be applied to the substrate from aqueous solution and then cross-linked or it may be applied to an inert carrier such as kaolin, cross-linked and applied to the substrate from an aqueous suspension. A particularly suitable agent is a polyether with a molecular weight of between 500 and 8500, an ethylene oxide content of about 35 to 80 wt. % and cross-linkable end groups. The end groups may be self cross-linking such as vinyl groups or they may be cross-linkable via a cross-linking promoter such as hexamethylol melamine.

Abstract: An imitation-leather sheet laminate material is prepared employing an acidic, heat-coagulated, cross-linkable, elastomeric, latex polymer, wherein the acidic latex polymer is coated onto a top, resin, skin layer and a fibrous base sheet is placed on the wet foam layer, which method comprises: shock-heating the wet foam layer to coagulate and cross-link the polymer therein into a fine, open-cell, tough, foam layer and to remove rapidly water from the coagulated foam layer.

Abstract: Ambient or low-temperature curable aqueous dispersions of (1) an emulsion polymer containing units polymerized from a monomer mixture of (a) from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight of a polymerizable aldehyde, (b) from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (c) up to about 99.25% by weight of at least one copolymerizable mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, with (2) a curing agent selected from the group of dicarboxylic acid bis-hydrazides and bis-hydrazones are disclosed. The dispersions are useful in leather treating compositions, especially in top coat compositions. A process for producing fully finished leather, or leather substitutes is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sheet material is formed of a base cloth consisting of a woven fabric, knit fabric, nonwoven fabric, or web material having a favorable form stablity and a short fiber material consisting at least partly of a natural fiber material, said sheet material having a structure in which said base cloth is covered on at least one surface with the short fiber material and a part of the short fiber material is stuffed into the gaps in the network of the base cloth so that the base cloth and short fiber material are substantially integrated with each other.

Abstract: A system for the manufacture of leatherlike materials, particularly for shoe uppers, which avoids pollution, toxicity and fire hazards and makes it possible for the shoe manufacturer to make his shoe upper materials as required with a minimum of investment in inventory of raw materials and with simple, relatively inexpensive equipment.

Abstract: An artificial leather having chinchilla-like appearance and a natural suede-like feeling which comprising flocking piles of separable composite fibers which in transverse cross-section consist of at least three integral segments (A) of one polymer of polyamide and polyester wherein said segments diverge from each other substantially radially in the outward direction and extend to the perimeter of the fiber and wedge-shaped segments (B) of another polymer which fill the spaces between the segments (A) or consist of the above described segments (A), V-shaped segments (B') of the latter polymer and wedge-shaped segments (C) of the former polymer which fill the concavities of the V-shaped segments (B'), said V-shaped segments (B') and said wedge-shaped segments (C) filling the spaces between the segments (A), wherein all of the polymers extend to the perimeter of the fiber, on a substrate fabric applied with an adhesive, applying a swelling agent on the piles, brushing the thus treated piles to substantially sepa

Abstract: There is provided inner shoe material in the form of breadths or blanks therefrom consisting of a textile fiber structure which is loaded with 50 to 400 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the textile fibre structure of a mixture of synthetic materials comprising at least one styrene--butadiene copolymer and at least one polyvinyl alcohol obtained by substantial or complete hydrolysis of a polyvinyl ester in an amount of 8 to 102 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the styrene--butadiene copolymer wherein the synthetic material optionally additionally contains fillers, pigments, plasticizers, natural resins, synthetic resins and/or stabilizers against heat, light and/or mechanical influences.

Abstract: A leathery sheet material which comprises a fibrous mat and a polyurethane composition applied all over the mat in an amount of 10 to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the mat and the polyurethane composition. The polyurethane composition contains 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a surface active agent having a molecular weight of 2,500 to 30,000 which comprises a hydrophilic component and a hydrophobic component being combined by a urethane bond and/or an amide bond. The hydrophilic component is polyethylene oxides comprising 30 to 80% by weight of the surface active agent and the hydrophobic component is a member selected from the group consisting of a polyalkylene oxides excepting polyethylene oxides, aliphatic polyesters and mixtures thereof. The leathery sheet material has excellent flexibility, excellent antistatic properties and excellent soil resistance.

Abstract: A suede-like fabric is produced by impinging a sheet-like structure of discrete fibrillatable fibers with needle-like columnar streams of liquid whereby the fibers are fibrillated to form a close spacing of subdenier fibril ends that extend from the sheet structure at randomly spaced intervals to form one surface of the suede-like fabric with a majority of the fibril ends being tapered.

Abstract: Disclosed are an improved islands-in-a-sea type multi-core composite filament comprising at least two different polymer components and having a cross-section wherein each island is surrounded by some other islands and most of the islands have an approximately quadrilateral to hexagonal cross-section, and also a process for producing the above-said composite filament. Using the multi-core composite filaments, fibrous sheet materials resembling a deer skin and having an excellent quality can be obtained.

Abstract: Upholstery material and shoe upper material made from a base sheet of criss-crossing elastomeric polyurethane fibers running parallel to the surfaces of the sheet, said fibers being bonded together at their points of contact. In one preferred form the product has a preformed skin whose thickness is less than about 100 microns and preferably less than about 50 microns, such as about 20 to 40 microns and the skin is joined to the fibers of the base sheet by spaced fingers of a binder.

Abstract: An unfoamed permeable material, which absorbs and desorbs moisture satisfactorily and which is suitable for making thin-walled articles having a maximum thickness of 3 mm, is based on plastic and/or rubber mixtures containing macromolecular hydrophilic fillers. The hydrophilic fillers are synthetic, water insoluble, cross-linked macromolecular materials containing pendent polar groups, which are able to bind water reversibly, e.g. hydroxy, amine, amide, carboxylic and sulfonic groups in H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.++, or Ba.sup.++ form, or quaternary ammonium groups in OH.sup.-, Cl.sup.- or HSO.sub.4.sup.- form.

Abstract: An imitation-leather sheet laminate material is prepared employing an acidic, heat-coagulated, carboxylated, elastomeric latex polymer, wherein the acidic latex polymer is coated onto a top resin skin layer and a fibrous base sheet is placed on the wet foam layer, which method comprises: shock-heating the wet foam layer to coagulate the carboxylated polymer therein into a fine, open-cell, tough foam layer and to remove rapidly water from the coagulated foam layer.

Abstract: A polyurethane top coating and a porous, polyurethane interposing layer are formed on a release carrier sheet. Split leather hide is bonded onto the porous layer with a compatible adhesive and the release carrier sheet is stripped from the top coat. The resultant laminate has the appearance and other properties of top-grain leather. The interposing porous layer functions as a cushion and prevents uneven deformation of top coat when the laminate is folded or stretched.

Abstract: A simulated leather element comprising a surface sheet and a base, the sheet containing a polyurethane elastomer produced from a polyol comprising at least 50% by weight of polydipropylene adipate, an organic diisocyanate and a chain extending agent. A method of producing such an element is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing an artificial leather composite material, and comprises:(i) a cellulosic fibrous mass bound by means of a binding agent, and impregnated by means of at least one acrylic polymer or copolymer,(ii) an intermediate pore-blocking layer comprising at least one vinylic polymer or copolymer, and(iii) a finishing layer comprising at least one vinylic polymer or copolymer and at least one coalescence agent.

Abstract: An artificial leather sheet material, comprising a layer of permeable fabric made of interlaced multifiber yarns, the lower face of said fabric having an open nap of fibers teased from said yarns and bonded together, and a continuous layer of polymer material on the upper face of said fabric. The bonded nap may be subjected to spaced short cuts to give it a rough appearance.

Abstract: This invention relates to coating compositions based on aqueous polyurethane dispersions and to the use of these coating compositions for the production of top coats or finishes on PVC. The coating compositions according to the invention contain a mixture of two aqueous polyurethane dispersions which have particular chemico-physical properties.

Abstract: A suede-like sheet material closely resembling natural leathers in feel and nap is produced by temporarily fixing a fibrous mat consisting of "oceano-insular" composite fibers, impregnating said fibrous mat with elastomer (A), smoothing the surface, impregnating the resulting mat with another elastomer (B) which is harder and less swellable than said elastomer (A), removing the sea or matrix component of the composite fiber, and napping the surface of the resulting sheet material.

Abstract: A sheet material finished on at least one side with a coherent surface layer is formed by electrostatically spraying a solution or dispersion of plastics producing fibers from 0.1 to 30 microns in diameter. Then the mat is consolidated with heat and pressure, whereby the fibers form a tight bond with the surface of the support material which is thus finished.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for manufacturing artificial tanned hides possessing characteristics very similar to those of natural tanned hides. This process comprises the steps of: preparing a colloidal solution of a protein substance of collagenic origin by dissolving untanned flesh and/or slaughterhouse waste in hot water; deeply soaking a synthetic support of good porosity, and of known type, with said solution of collagenic substance, and condensing and cross-linking said collagenic substance on the synthetic support fibres by the simple action of cross-linking agents; and tanning the support thus soaked by using the known tanning processes of natural hide tanning technology.

Abstract: Fabrics having strength despite low bulk density and comprising at least one reinforcing layer of textile-length fibers, at least one layer of short bulk fibers and a bonding agent distributed throughout said fabric layers. Also a process for producing a fabric having a layer of such bulk fibers disposed between two of such reinforcing layers and a process for producing a fabric having a surface layer of such bulk fibers wherein a multi-layered structure containing an interior layer of such short bulk fibers is split along a continuum of lowered bonding agent concentrations at locations predetermined by controlled heating of the structure.

Abstract: The artificial leather of the invention comprises a fibrous sheet material having on the surface thereof a coating formed of at least two layers of polyurethane elastomer with the elasticity modulus E of the layer of the polyurethane elastomer adjacent to the fibrous sheet being lower than the elasticity modulus E.sub.2, E.sub.3 . . . E.sub.p-1 of any of the following layer or layers, and at the same time being lower than the elasticity modulus E.sub.p of the finish layer according to the relationE.sub.1 <E.sub.2 <E.sub.3 < . . . <E.sub.p-1 <E.sub.p,under the condition that all values of the elasticity modulus E are in the range of from 12 to 170 MPa. The method of manufacturing the artificial leather according to the invention is characterized in that the reactive polyurethaneprepolymer, containing free isocyanate -NCO groups, preferably in the range of from 2.2 to 3.2 percent by weight, in admixture with an amine hardening agent of the molar ratio of -NCO groups to -NH.sub.2 groups of from 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sheet-like structure of polyurethane, which is capable of absorbing water vapor and transmitting water vapor, with a uniformly incorporated additive composed of solid particles of at least one swellable, modified polymer. The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the sheet-like structure.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sheet-like structure of polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride, which is capable of absorbing water vapor and transmitting water vapor, with a uniformly incorporated additive composed of polymeric particles of at least one swellable, modified polymer. The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the sheet-like structure.

Abstract: Synthetic suede leather is produced by casting a mixture containing polyurethane elastomer and a solvent therefor between two sheets of a substrate fabric, immersing the resulting structure in a liquid which is a nonsolvent for polyurethane elastomer but miscible with said solvent, splitting said structure into two sheets at middle of the cast layer before it is fully gelled, and re-immersing the resultant sheets in said nonsolvent to allow complete gelation of said mixture.

Abstract: A heat sensitive color forming and heat sensitive electrical conductivity increasing composition comprising a mixture of (A) a basic polymer which reacts with hydrogen halide and is capable of forming a quaternary salt and (B) a halogen-containing polymer capable of forming a conjugated polyene by the elimination of hydrogen halide; and a heat sensitive image recording sheet containing the same.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composite sheet material having properties similar to leather is provided. At least a portion of a porous sheet material is impregnated with an aqueous ionic dispersion of a polyurethane polymer. The polyurethane polymer which is impregnated in the porous sheet is ionically coagulated from the dispersion. Preferably, both the ionic dispersing and coagulating media are removed from the impregnated sheet. The impregnant is then dried to form a composite sheet material.