Abstract: A metal-cored electrode for welding to form a weld bead on a ferrous material, which weld bead includes at least 35 wt. % nickel. The metal-cored electrode includes a metal sheath surrounding a core. The core includes greater than 35 wt. % nickel.

Abstract: A brazing fin material for heat exchangers includes a core material and a filler metal clad on each side of the core material, wherein the core material is an aluminum alloy including manganese, the filler metal is an aluminum alloy including 6 to 9.5 mass % of silicon, silicon particles in the filler metal have an average circle equivalent diameter of 3 ?m or less, and the brazing fin material has a thickness of 0.06 mm or less.

Abstract: Concrete and mortar composites can be made with two or more sizes of fibers therein. The different sized fibers can be used to adjust the toughness and reliability of the composite material. The different sized fibers can also be used to increase the deflection of concrete or mortar compositions. The variable length of fibers provide for smaller fibers to exist in corners for more strength in smaller spaces. Different mixes of sizes of fibers can also adjust the stiffness of a concrete or mortar composite material. The fibers can be made from a variety of materials, lengths, shapes, aspect ratios or diameters. The fibers can make up variable portions of the composition. Mixing different aspect ratios of fibers together can be used to prevent clumping or balling of the fibers. Mixing of different modulus of elasticity fibers in different ratios can add to the toughness and strength of the composite.

Abstract: A multilayer aluminum-base alloy bearing formed by bonding a bearing alloy layer made of an aluminum-base alloy to a steel back metal through an intermediate layer made of an aluminum-base alloy, the intermediate layer being composed of two layers, that is, a lower layer and an upper layer, the lower layer in contact with the steel back metal being lower in hardness than the upper layer. Since the lower layer is soft, it is excellent in bonding property for the back metal, and since the upper layer is hard, it withstands a load exerted on the bearing alloy layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aluminum alloy fin material for heat exchangers which has a thickness of 80 ?m (0.08 mm) or less and excels in joinability to a tube material and in intergranular corrosion resistance. The aluminum alloy fin material is an aluminum alloy bare fin material or a brazing fin material which has a thickness of 80 ?m or less and is incorporated into a heat exchanger made of an aluminum alloy manufactured by brazing through an Al—Si alloy filler metal. The structure of the core material before brazing is a fiber structure, and the crystal grain diameter of the structure after brazing is 50–250 ?m. The Si concentration in the Si dissolution area on the surface of the fin material and at the center of the thickness of the fin material after brazing is preferably 0.8% or more and 0.7% or less, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brazing sheet product including a core sheet, on at least one side of the core sheet a clad layer of an aluminum alloy including silicon in an amount in the range of 4 to 14% by weight, and further including on at least one outersurface of the clad layer a plated layer of nickel-tin alloy, such that the clad layer and all layers exterior thereto form a metal filler for a brazing operation and have a composition with the proviso that the mol-ratio of Ni:Sn is in the range of 10:(0.5 to 9).

Abstract: A process for the production of thin walled parts of steel, wherein there are layers that are at least partly differently treatable relating to their strength and hardness qualities. This process can include creating a composite material from a plurality of different layers by connecting at least one core layer and at least one surface layer together. At least one layer of the core or surface layer is cast adjacent to another layer to form a composite material having an alloy gradient that is flat at each interface between any of the core layer or the surface layer. Next, the process can include deforming the composite material along a length of these layers. Finally the process can include heat treating the layers to transform the strength and hardness qualities of at least one of these layers.

Abstract: A bright composite sheet product including a roll cast core and a clad material bonded to the core. The core is an aluminum alloy of the AA series 1XXX, 3XXX, 5XXX, or 8XXX, and the clad material contains at least 99.5 wt. % aluminum. The composite sheet products is particularly suited for use in lighting fixtures.

Abstract: We make particulates, especially magnetic Fe—Co alloys having high magnetic permeability, of controlled dimensions, especially those having a narrow thickness size distribution centered around a median or target thickness in the range of about 0.1-1.0 &mgr;m, using electrodeposition typically on a smooth (polished) titanium cathode. Our preferred continuous process uses a rotating drum cathode inside a fixed anode to grow flakes and to produce them automatically by inherent instability in the deposited film. The drum preferably rotates about a substantially vertical axis. The particulates shed (slough off) into the electrolyte (because of mismatch between the cathode surface and the plated metal or alloy at the molecular level) where they are separated in a magnetic separator or other suitable device. If the flakes are soft iron or iron-cobalt alloys, the drum generally is titanium or titanium alloy.

Abstract: A highly corrosion-resistant material and a corrosion-resistant member which are improved in corrosion resistance, adhesion, contact electrical resistance, electrical conductivity, airtightness, etc. and are suitable for use as, e.g., a metallic separator for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC); and a process for producing them. A thin noble-metal layer is formed on the desired part of the surface of a metallic base and then subjected to compression working. The coated base may further be subjected to anticorrosive treatment with a liquid phase containing a peroxide or ozone or with an active gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides aluminum alloys and layers formed in aluminum alloys as well as methods for their manufacture. Aluminum alloys of the present invention are provided with at least one discrete layer of uncrystallized grains formed therein. Alloys of the present invention can be formed, for example, by a process that includes a final partial anneal that permits softening of the material to essentially an O-temper condition. Processes of the present invention recrystallized substantially the entire material by leave a discrete layer of preferably less than 50 microns of the material unrecrystallized. In preferred embodiments, the aluminum material is a core material that is clad on one or both sides and the discrete unrecrystallized layer forms at the boundary between the clad and the core.

Abstract: A surface-treated steel sheet includes a steel sheet, an Al—Zn-base alloy plating layer formed on the steel sheet, a chemical conversion film provided on the alloy plating layer, and a concentric layer of a Cr compound that is formed on the alloy plating layer of the chemical conversion film. The surface-treated steel sheet may include a steel sheet, an zinc-base plating layer formed on the steel sheet, and a film that contains chromium and calcium and that is formed on the zinc-base plating layer.

Abstract: A metallic component exposed to high temperature steam is provided with a coating comprising a thin primer layer deposited on the surface of the metallic component and a thicker overlay layer on top of the primer layer. The primer layer consists of highly ductile, oxidation resistant material such that it remains free of any defects over a long period of exposure. The overlay layer consists of an oxidation resistant, less ductile, and low-cost material. It protects the thin primer layer from mechanical damage and chemical degradation. The primer layer protects the base material of the metallic component from oxidizing steam that may penetrate through cracks of the overlay layer. Due to suitable choice of coating materials and thicknesses of the layers the coating is low-cost.

Abstract: A metal foil connection of first and second metal foils having a thickness of less than 0.05 mm includes a connecting point in which the metal foils are brazed to one another. The connecting point forms a wedge which is filled with brazing medium. A mass of the brazing medium, and a mass of sections of the metal foils which the brazing medium contacts in the wedge, have a given ratio. A honeycomb body, a brazing medium particle fraction and a method for manufacturing metal foil connections with a thickness of less than 50 micrometers, are also provided.

Abstract: A multi-layered metal plate with excellent damping capacity and particularly, to a multi-layered metal plate with excellent damping capacity and a method for manufacturing it, is less costly since the plate can be simply manufactured by simply attaching a thin plate on a main metal plate by the methods such as welding and the like, has excellent damping capacity and especially can be easily shaped. In addition, in the plate, the secondary plate is attached on one or both surfaces of the main metal plate.

Abstract: A brazing sheet comprises a thin covering material and a core material as well as an Al—Si alloy brazing material inserted between the thin covering material and the core material. The brazing material further contains Mg, Bi and/or Zn, Sn, In. When the above brazing material is molten in an inert gas atmosphere, this molten brazing material seeps onto the surface of the above thin covering material, whereby the brazing sheet is fluxlessly brazed to joint materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method to reduce the strength of the honeycomb of a jet turbine stator, increasing its machinability, with a resultant reduction in measured peak tooth temperature, while maintaining or even improving its high temperature capability, so as not to limit its operating environment. The air seal functionality is unaffected, and even improved in some instances. The machinability of the honeycomb is increased by using a light element diffused into the honeycomb ribbon to produce the effect of reducing its strength and ductility while maintaining the environmental resistance needed. The present invention also includes the stator honeycomb produced by the foregoing method.

Abstract: A Ti-base wire rod for forming molten metal excellent both in rod feeding smoothness and arc stability is disclosed. A wire rod 301 is composed of Ti metal, and has in the surficial portion including the surface thereof an oxygen enriched layer having an oxygen concentration higher than that in an inner portion. Ratio Tw/Dw of the thickness Tw of the oxygen enriched layer and the diameter Dw of the wire rod is adjusted within a range of 1×10−3 to 1×10−1, and the average oxygen concentration of the oxygen enriched layer is adjusted to 1 wt % or above.

Abstract: A composite doctor blade comprises a steel support band configured with a width and thickness suitable for mounting in a blade holder, with tensile and yield strengths suitable for a selected doctoring application. A wear resistant strip of high speed steel is integrally joined to an edge of the support band. The wear resistant strip has tensile and yield strengths higher than those of the support band, and has a hardness of between about 55 to 75 Rc.

Abstract: A four layer composite including a first interliner positioned between a 4xxx series braze clad and a core alloy and a second interliner positioned on the opposite side of the core alloy from the first interliner. At least one of the first and second interliners has higher amounts of Si than that of the core alloy adjacent thereto. The higher Si content interliner preferably contains about 0.02-1.1 wt. % Si.

Abstract: Clad sheet made up of a core sheet and a cladding layer on one or two core sheet surfaces. The core sheet is formed of an alloy having the composition (% by weight) Si: 0.7-1.3, Mg: 0.6-1.2, Cu: 0.5-1.1, Mn: 0.15-1.0, Zn<0.5, Fe<0.5, Zr<0.2, Cr<0.25, other elements <0.05 each and <0.15 total, the remainder aluminum. The cladding is formed of an AlZn alloy having a thickness of between 1 and 15% of the clad sheet thickness, having the composition (% by weight) Zn: 0.25-0.7, Fe<0.40, Si<0.40, Cu, Mn, Mg, V or Ti <0.10, other elements <0.05 each and 0.15 total.

Abstract: A multi-layered metal plate with excellent damping capacity and particularly, to a multi-layered metal plate with excellent damping capacity and a method for manufacturing it, is less costly since the plate can be simply manufactured by simply attaching a thin plate on a main metal plate by the methods such as welding and the like, has excellent damping capacity and especially can be easily shaped. In addition, in the plate, the secondary plate is attached on one or both surfaces of the main metal plate.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy brazing sheet having a four-layered structure, of sheet thickness 0.2 mm or less, and having a core alloy, a filler alloy of an Al—Si alloy on one surface of the core alloy, a sacrificial anode material of an Al—Zn alloy on the other surface of the core alloy, and an intermediate layer between the core alloy and sacrificial anode material, wherein the core alloy is composed of an Al alloy containing given amounts of Si, Fe, Mn, and Cu, with the balance being made of Al and unavoidable impurities, and wherein the intermediate layer is composed of an Al alloy containing given amounts of Si, Fe, Mn, and Cu, with the balance being made of Al and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A molded plastic article having improved electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties. The article includes a plastic layer and an outer film layer over the plastic layer. The outer film layer has an inner surface adjacent to and bonded to the plastic layer and an outer surface opposed to the inner surface. The plastic layer and outer layer are electrically conductive. Preferably the outer layer has higher conductivity than the plastic layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of a strip-like metallic composite material by the high-temperature dip coating of a metallic carrier strip, consisting of a metallurgic vessel for receiving the liquid depositing material, through which the carrier strip is capable of being led in a preferably vertical run-through direction by means of pairs of rollers arranged on the entry and the exit side, and of a preheating device for the carrier strip, said preheating device being located upstream of the metallurgic vessel. At the same time, the preheating device (41) is arranged in a housing (61) which is arranged in the entry region upstream of the metallurgic vessel (11) and surrounds the carrier strip (21) and into which the medium coming from a media supply (52) is capable of being introduced via at least one feed (51) led into the housing.

Abstract: To provide an aluminum alloy member having a high machinability while keeping a sufficient mechanical strength and a sufficient wear resistance, and a method of producing the aluminum alloy member. In an aluminum alloy member formed from an aluminum-silicon alloy by casting, eutectic silicon grains are exposed from at least part of an exposed plane of the aluminum alloy member. A coating layer having a thickness nearly equal to or thinner than a diameter of each of the eutectic silicon grains is formed on the exposed plane from which the eutectic silicon grains are exposed.

Abstract: A composite doctor blade comprises a steel support band configured with a width and thickness suitable for mounting in a blade holder, with tensile and yield strengths suitable for a selected doctoring application. A wear resistant strip of high speed steel is integrally joined to an edge of the support band. The wear resistant strip has tensile and yield strengths higher than those of the support band, and has a hardness of between about 55 to 65 Rc.

Abstract: A metallic sheet with an aluminum coating, the coating having an internal layer of iron/aluminum/silicon alloys, and an external layer, thicker, of an aluminum-based phase and secondarily of phases in the form of needles or elongated lamellae. The projection of the length of all needles or lamellae in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the external layer is less than the thickness of this layer. This structure, which is obtained by a thermal treatment of the external layer at a temperature of 570-660° C., notably for less than 15 sec, considerably decreases the risks of cracking.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylinder liner made from a hypereutectic aluminum/silicon alloy which is surrounded by a surround casting material, which is characterized in that the minimum ratio of the wall thickness of the surround casting material of the cylinder liner is 1.4.

Abstract: A composite sheet steel of maraging steel has an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is harder than the inner layer and the inner layer is more tenacious than the outer layer. An intermediate layer is positioned between the inner layer and the outer layer, wherein the intermediate layer is thinner than the inner and the outer layers.

Abstract: Processes for preparing copper-INVAR-copper (CIC) for use in making chip packaging and the CIC created. One process comprises annealing a CIC section at a temperature in a range of 1475° F. to 1625° F. for a time in a range of 40 to 120 seconds. Another process includes heat treating a CIC section at a temperature in a range of 1275° F. to 1425° F. for a time in a range of 40 to 120 seconds. The above processes can be combined. The CIC section created exhibits unique electrical, physical, and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A metal foil connection of first and second metal foils having a thickness of less than 0.05 mm includes a connecting point in which the metal foils are brazed to one another. The connecting point forms a wedge which is filled with brazing medium. A mass of the brazing medium, and a mass of sections of the metal foils which the brazing medium contacts in the wedge, have a given ratio. A honeycomb body, a brazing medium particle fraction and a method for manufacturing metal foil connections with a thickness of less than 50 micrometers, are also provided.

Abstract: Improved shape and strength of the weld in a welded structure are obtained by use of a weldable aluminum product comprising a structural component which is a sheet, a plate or an extruded body and is made of an aluminum alloy containing not more than 1.5 wt % Zn. This component has, adhered on at least one side, a cladding layer made of an AA7xxx-series alloy having a corrosion potential lower than that of the alloy of the structural component. The alloy of the structural component is preferably an AA5xxx-series alloy containing Mg in the range 2 to 6 wt %.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a three-layer clad material in which stainless steel is used as the substrate, Ni or an Ni alloy is monolithically pressure-welded to either principal plane of the substrate, and Cu is monolithically pressure-welded to the other principal plane, or a two- or three-layer clad material in which Ni or an Ni alloy is monolithically pressure-welded to at least one principal plane of the substrate, wherein this high-strength, high-drawability clad material allows the thickness ratio of the stainless steel to be further increased, mechanical strength (tensile strength) to be raised above that of a conventional two- or three-layer clad material, and the thickness of the entire clad material to be reduced.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy composite material includes a higher strength aluminum alloy core material layer and at least one cladding aluminum alloy material layer having a higher electrical conductivity than the core material. The cladding layer is positioned adjacent to the core and the composite is adapted for particular application in heat exchangers where brazing is conducted under controlled atmospheres with special flux materials. The core material has an electrical conductivity less than 50% IACS and the cladding layer has an electrical conductivity greater than 50% IACS. The cladding layer can be on one or both surfaces of the core layer. The thickness of the cladding layer can range between about 2.5 and 40% of the overall composite thickness depending on whether one or more cladding layers are employed. The cladding layer also has a corrosion potential more negative than the core layer for enhanced corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A metal fiber of titanium or titanium alloy has given equivalent area diameter and specific surface area and is produced by a bundle drawing method wherein mild steel is used as a material for covering layer and outer housing and a composite wire is subjected to a heat treatment at a given temperature.

Abstract: A three-layer clad material in which stainless steel is used as the substrate, Ni or an Ni alloy is monolithically pressure-welded to either principal plane of the substrate, and Cu is monolithically pressure-welded to the other principal plane, wherein this high-strength, high-drawability clad material allows the thickness ratio of the stainless steel to be further increased, mechanical strength (tensile strength) to be raised above that of a conventional two- or three-layer clad material, and the thickness of the entire clad material to be reduced. Uniform tension can be created across the entire thin sheet, folding or creasing can be prevented from occurring during pressure welding, the thickness of the thin Ni and Cu sheets prior to pressure welding can be reduced to about 5 &mgr;m, and the thickness ratio of each of the thin sheets in the three-layer clad material for cell cases can be reduced to about 0.

Abstract: The present invention, which is aimed at providing a method for manufacturing a clad material that can be used for the anode cases and cathode cases of button-type microbatteries and other miniature electronic devices requiring the use of comparatively thin, drawable sheets, allows the difference between r values, or Lankford values (which characterize the plastic anisotropy between the rolling/bonding direction of a clad material and a direction at a prescribed angle to the rolling/bonding direction) to be reduced by preforming cold rolling at a reduction of 30% or lower in addition to performing a conventional method for manufacturing a clad material, making it possible to substantially enhance the mechanical strength of the clad material and to mass-produce clad materials that have low reduction anisotropy.

Abstract: A compound tube including a layer of a Fe—Cr alloy and a layer of load-carrying component, with the optional addition of further layers. The Fe—Cr alloy preferably has a composition including, in weight-%: less than 0.3% carbon, 15-60% chromium, less than 10% nickel, less than 5% molybdenum, less than 5% silicon, less than 0.3% nitrogen, less than 5% manganese, and the remainder iron with naturally occurring impurities. The compound tubes are very resistant to carbonization and metal dusting, and are suited for use as bayonet tubing, superheater tubing, and reforming tubing in steam formation environments.

Abstract: A compound tube comprises a layer of a Fe—Cr—Al-alloy and a layer of a load-carrying component and optionally one or several additional layers. The Fe—Cr—Al-alloy has the following analysis in weight-%: carbon<0.3, chromium 5-30, nickel<10, manganese<5, molybdenum<5, aluminium 3-20 , silicon<5, nitrogen<0.3, cerium+bafnium+yttrium<1.0, titanium 0.005-1.0, zirconium 0.005-1.0, niobium 0.005-1.0, the remainder iron, and naturally occurring impurities. These tubes are very resistant towards carbonization and “metal dusting” and are being used to advantage for bayonet tubing, superheat tubing and reformer tubing in steam formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for gloss coating articles or a portion of an article's surface and articles produced from this method. A corrosion-inhibiting polishing base coat is applied in a known fashion, after which a high-gloss layer produced by atomization, preferably magnetron atomization, is applied. Then, a transparent, wear-resistant top coat layer is applied in a known fashion. The articles can also be pretreated, if desired, and given a protective or other layers. By using this method, parts for vehicles, especially vehicle wheels, can be produced in a great variety of colors and with improved qualities.

Abstract: A bright finish aluminum alloy on high strength aluminum or aluminum alloy lamination is disclosed including a bright finish top sheet, a high strength aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, and an adhesive bonding the bright finish metal top sheet to the high strength aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate to provide a bright finish aluminum on high strength aluminum or aluminum alloy lamination product having brighter finish than a sheet product of said high strength aluminum or aluminum alloy and higher strength than a sheet product of said bright finish aluminum of the same thickness as said lamination product, wherein said lamination product withstands galvanic corrosion. In one aspect, the bright finish metal top sheet is 5657 aluminum foil. In one aspect, the high strength aluminum alloy is 5182 alloy sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rapidly quenched metal strip used as a core material for transformers, magnetic shields, choke coils, etc., and to an Fe-based rapidly quenched metal strip having a strip thickness exceeding 20 .mu.m and up to 70 .mu.m, wherein nonmetallic inclusions contained in said metal strip have a maximum particle size up to 50% of the strip thickness, and densities of the nonmetallic inclusions are up to 10 nonmetallic inclusions/mm.sup.3 for nonmetallic inclusions having a particle size exceeding 10 .mu.m and up to 50% of the strip thickness, up to 3.times.10.sup.3 nonmetallic inclusions/mm.sup.3 for nonmetallic inclusions having a particle size of at least 3 .mu.m to up to 10 .mu.m, and up to 5.times.10.sup.5 nonmetallic inclusions/mm.sup.3 for nonmetallic inclusions having a particle size of at least 0.3 .mu.m to less than 3 .mu.m, and showing the following average value <.epsilon..sub.f > of a bending fracture strain .epsilon..sub.

Abstract: A non-corrosive metal on aluminum or aluminum alloy lamination is disclosed including a non-corrosive metal top sheet, an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, and an adhesive bonding the non-corrosive metal top sheet to the aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate to provide a non-corrosive metal on aluminum or aluminum alloy lamination product having lighter weight and less cost than a sheet product of the non-corrosive metal of identical thickness, wherein the lamination product withstands galvanic corrosion between the non-corrosive metal top sheet and the aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate. In one aspect, the non-corrosive metal top sheet is stainless steel. In one aspect, the non-corrosive metal top sheet is nickel or nickel alloy.

Abstract: An electrically conductive floor coating comprising a ferroalloy containing layer including particles of ferroalloy interspersed with a resinous binder.

Abstract: The surface of a lining member 3 is formed with a multiplicity of uneven surfaces 3a. The entire surface of the lining member 3 is coated by an intermediate layer 4 which comprises Ni. The surface of the intermediate layer 4 is additionally coated by an overlay layer 5 which comprises an Sn alloy. The lining member 3 has a surface roughness t.sub.1, as a result of forming the uneven surfaces 3a, which is chosen to be in a range from 2 to 8 .mu.mRz, and a thickness t.sub.2 of the intermediate layer 4 is chosen to be in a range from 0.01 to 0.6 .mu.m. When a sliding bearing 1 is heated, the overlay layer 5 and the intermediate layer 4 chemically react with each other to produce an Sn--Ni compound. As the overlay layer 5 becomes abraded, the Sn--Ni compound 6 will be exposed on the sliding contact surface. However, the described choice prevents the Sn--Ni compound from being exposed across the entire region of the sliding contact surface, thus improving the anti-seizure resistance of the sliding bearing 1.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for protecting articles from electrostatic discharge (ESD) in which a coating is applied directly onto the article in liquid form and the resulting coating provides a surface resistivity that protects the underlying article from ESD. The composition contains a carrier material, carbon black, and a transition metal. The composition forms a coating on an article when applied as a liquid and dried thereon. The ratio of carrier solids to carbon black is about 100 parts by weight polymer to about 0.5 to about 3 parts by weight carbon black. The ratio of carrier solids to transition metal is about 100 parts by weight about 6 to about 15 parts by weight transition metal.

Abstract: A polymerizable (meth)acrylate system which can be cured at ambient temperature to provide a conductive floor coating or shaped article. The composition comprises (meth)acrylates and optionally other monomers and other components such as pre-polymers, plasticizers, customary additives etc., in combination with amorphous or spheroidal graphite and/or carbon fibers and/or finely divided metal. Other fillers may be added. In particular, amorphous natural graphite, preferably having the particle size 20 to 1000 .mu.m, is suitable. Coatings prepared in this way fulfill the requirements in respect of DIN 51 953.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant Al or Al alloy material on the surface of which multi-layer deposits for improved corrosion resistance. The deposits are obtained by laminating more than five layers of unit periodic layers with a thickness of 100 .ANG. or less in which two, or three or more layers of unit deposits, comprised of specific elements, are laminated. Such multi-layer structure can prevent water, chloride and other corrosion accelerating substances from passing through the deposits and reaching the surface of the base material, thus effectively preventing the corrosion of Al or Al alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat reflecting sandwich plate made up of a first and a second transparent plates bonded together with a transparent resin film. The first transparent plate is coated on the inside thereof with a heat reflecting film which is a laminate composed of two metal oxide layers, with a noble metal layer intervening between them. The noble metal layer has a sheet resistance of 4-10 ohms/square. The first and second metal oxide layers have thicknesses controlled such that their ratio is in the range of 1.1 to 1.6. The heat reflecting sandwich plate produces reflected rays which have a chromaticness specified by -1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1 and -1.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1, where a and b denote the chromaticness indices of Hunter's color specification system, and has a visible light reflectivity lower than 10%.