Abstract: This invention provides a multi-layer material designed to cover ceramic armor applied to military vehicles, which suppresses ceramic shrapnel created during a ballistic event up to the magnitude of a 0.50 caliber at 2000-2200 feet per second at zero degree obliquity. This material is a laminate comprising of three distinct layers of fabric. The middle layer is a heavy ballistic nylon or polyester fabric. A nylon fabric of this nature weighs between fifteen to thirty-five ounces per square yard and a polyester fabric of this nature weighs between fifteen to thirty-five ounces per square yard. This fabric can be either woven or knitted. The outer layer that is attached to the middle layer can be any type of decorative fabric, including woven, nonwoven and knit fabrics. This fabric should be relatively light weight and dyeable. The bottom layer of fabric is a loop pile, warp knit, weft-inserted fabric.

Abstract: A fusion bonded carpet in which the pile yarn is secured in a non hot-melt latex adhesive base and methods of manufacture of such carpet.

Abstract: Laminated protective plastic sleeves are formed with an inner fuzzy layer laminated from a fuzzy surface sheet homogenous plastic substrate with an intermediate adhesive layer. The fuzzy laminate is then formed into a finished protective sleeve by shaping front and back plastic sheet laminations to hold a protected item identifying matter and descriptive matter, the finished layers being heat-welded and the finished sleeve being finally cut and shaped to the desired configuration.

Abstract: A bi-component, multifilament synthetic dyeable carpet face yarn that is manufactured using the sheath-core melt spinning process is constructed so as to include a plurality of individual uniformly sheath-cored filaments having a sheath of virgin polyamide (e.g., nylon) and a polymer core that cannot be dyed using standard atmospheric pressure carpet dyeing methods used to dye the sheath filaments. This yarn is a less expensive substitute for 100% polyamide tufted carpet face yarn.

Abstract: A composite textile fabric for rapidly moving moisture away from the skin is provided. The composite fabric includes an inner fabric layer made of a yarn comprising a plurality of fibers primarily of polyester which has been rendered hydrophilic, and an outer fabric layer made of a yarn comprising a plurality of fibers primarily of polyester which has also been rendered hydrophilic. The inner fabric layer and the outer fabric layer are formed concurrently by knitting a plaited construction so that the layers are distinct and separate, yet integrated one with the other.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: Fiberfill and/or multi-void fibers are identified and/or differentiated by one or more voids being partially filled with a differentiating characteristic that is a protuberance of characterizing polymer material. This material may be the same or different from that of the rest of the fiber. The protuberance is provided by appropriate adjustment of the spinning capillary, i.e., during extrusion to form the fiber.

Abstract: A tufted pile fabric in which the pile yarns extend from a backing fabric to form the face of the fabric. The backing fabric comprises a fibrous substrate comprised of a blend of synthetic filaments having a high-melt temperature and synthetic filaments having a low-melt temperature. The pile yarns are also formed of a blend of synthetic low-melt filaments and synthetic high-melt filaments spun together. The filaments forming the pile yarn are cut into staple lengths prior to spinning. The low-melt filaments of the backing fabric and the pile yarn have the same melt temperature. The tufted pile fabric is subjected to sufficient heat during the tufting operation to cause the low-melt filaments to soften and to thermally bond the pile yarns with the backing fabric to provide a stable tufted pile fabric without a backing coating.

Abstract: Hollow fibers are differentiated by their void being partially filled with a differentiating characteristic that is a protuberance of characterizing polymer material. This material may be the same or different from that of the rest of the fiber. The protuberance is provided by appropriate adjustment of the spinning capillary, i.e., during extrusion to form the fiber.

Abstract: In a method for the manufacture of a plush-type cleaning cloth from pile fabric in which a layer of thermoplastic pile fibers is anchored by fusing to a base structure of thermoplastic fibers at temperatures from 423 to 433 K (150.degree.-160.degree. C.), pile fibers of different melting and shrinking temperature properties are used in a distribution over the entire surface, so that a first portion of the pile fibers shrinks at the fusing temperature and a second portion of the pile fibers does not shrink or shrinks less than the first portion. The first portion of the pile fibers comprises approximately 60% of the total amount of the pile fibers and provides increased scrubing properties due to their crimped, harder structure.

Abstract: Triangular thermoplastic polymer filaments having 3 or 3 pair axially extending voids located along the convex sides of the filament and spinneret plates for producing such filaments.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrically conductive fibers which include zinc oxide particles having a substantially rod shape.

Abstract: A blend of fibers is made of about 51 to 90% by weight of base fibers (a) selected from triangular trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.4 to 3.4; hollow pentagonal fibers; standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; and mixtures thereof; and about 10 to 49% by weight of accent fibers (b) selected from standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 1.7 to 2.4; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.0 to 2.9; and mixtures thereof. The fibers (a) and (b) have a denier per filament within the range represented by the area enclosed by sides A, B, C, D and E of FIG. 1. Where fibers (a) and (b) are both pointed lobe trilobal fibers with the same modification ratio and denier per filament, then fibers (a) are delustered and fibers (b) are undelustered.

Abstract: To incline piles of plush ribbons in a diagonal direction, the plush ribbons moistened at a predetermined rate are brought into contact with a heating drum in a longitudinal direction of the plush ribbon while twisting the plush ribbon about a longitudinal axis thereof. Thereafter, the plush ribbons are helically wound around the heating drum while rotating the heating drum at a peripheral speed different from a feeding speed of the plush ribbon.

Abstract: A warp knit fabric having loops projecting outwardly therefrom on both the face and back of the fabric which can be used as a wiping cloth, female connector fabric, etc. The fabric is a three-bar fabric having bar movements of (1) 1-0, 0-1, 1-0, 0-1; (2) 6-6, 0-1, 4-4, 0-1; and (3) 4-4, 3-3, 4-4, 1-1.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fiber blend useful in the manufacture of carpet yarn used for pile in carpet construction. The blend includes, by weight based on the weight of the total blend, about 40% to about 70% normally crimped fibers, about 5% to about 50% crimpset fibers and about 4% to about 40% high shrinkage fibers having a shrinkage value of from about 15% to about 50%. Carpets including pile yarn formed from the blends of the present invention exhibit superior resistance to watermarking as well as other desirable characteristics.

Abstract: A blend of fibers is made of about 51 to 90% by weight of base fibers (a) selected from triangular trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.4 to 3.4; hollow pentagonal fibers; standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; and mixtures thereof, and about 10 to 49% by weight of accent fibers (b) selected from standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 1.7 to 2.4; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.0 to 2.9; and mixtures thereof. The fibers (a) and (b) have a denier per filament within the range represented by the area enclosed by sides A, B, C, D and E of FIG. 1. Where fibers (a) and (b) are both pointed lobe trilobal fibers with the same modification ratio and denier per filament, then fibers (a) are delustered and fibers (b) are undelustered.

Abstract: A blend of fibers is made of about 51 to 90% by weight of base fibers (a) selected from triangular trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.4 to 3.4; hollow pentagonal fibers; standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio of at least 2.6; and mixtures thereof; and about 10 to 49% by weight of accent fibers (b) selected from standard trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 1.7 to 2.4; pointed lobe trilobal fibers having a modification ratio ranging from 2.0 to 2.9; and mixtures thereof. The fibers (a) and (b) have a denier per filament within the range represented by the area enclosed by sides A, B, C, D and E of FIG. 1. Where fibers (a) and (b) are both pointed lobe trilobal fibers with the same modification ratio and denier per filament, then fibers (a) are delustered and fibers (b) are undelustered.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: Provided are napped fabrics with naps comprising a tapered fiber of a sheath-core polyester fiber with the sheath component having larger alkali hydrolysis rate than the core component, the core of the tapered fiber being exposed at its end part and having smooth surface, the sheath of at least the tapered part having minutely roughened surface. The napped fabrics are of high quality, having good hand and excellent color developing property without unnatural luster such as dark fading or white appearance and being difficult to soil, and are hence markedly suited for car seat cover.

Abstract: A fabric having a furry surface comprising an elongated strip of a hair-coated skin of a fur-bearing animal, said strip having a hair-free body portion and a hair-bearing portion extending the length of the strip at a lower part thereof such that the hair extends from said lower part substantially in or adjacent to a single plane; and a non-furry thread of reinforcing material sewn into and extending the length of said hair-free body portion. The invention provides a fabric having improved strength. Also provided are methods of manufacturing the fabric and sewn strips of improved strength.

Abstract: A multi-lobal composite filament with reduced stainability having a polyamide core being substantially free of amine end-groups and being surrounded by a sheath of a hydrophobic polymer of aromatic polyesters, aliphatic polyesters, polyethylene, polymethylpentent, polybutene, polymethyl butene and copolymers thereof, wherein the weight ratio between core and sheath is from about 2:1 to about 10:1. These filaments are particularly useful to the manufacture of carpets.

Abstract: An artificial turf with high water rentivity. A cut pile is formed over the surface of a backing structure by implanting a multiplicity of tufts. Each tuft comprises one or a plurality of pile yarns. Each of the pile yarns is composed of one flat filament or a plurality of bundled flat filaments twisted and fixed in the twisted state into a slender form having an approximately spiral cross section. A pile yarn for such artificial turfs and a process for producing such a pile yarn.

Abstract: A kit for making a decorative article includes a fabric backing having a grid thereon. The grid is sized in predetermined segments to facilitate making a decorative article therefrom. A plurality of differently colored yarn segments and a liquid adhesive are provided with a template showing the decorative article design. In use, one end of each of the yarn segments is adhesively attached to a square within the predetermined segments on the fabric backing. The yarn segments are attached to the fabric backing by following a key in conjunction with the template which has a corresponding grid printed thereon. A decorative article can be produced from the yarn segments which is adaptable for wall or floor use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic filaments having a distinctive bilobal cross-sectional shape. The cross-section includes a rectangular-shaped segment, wherein lobes having a curved tip portion extend from each end of the segment. The filaments are especially suitable for making carpets which exhibit a silk-like luster and have a soft hand.

Abstract: A low fluid pressure dual-sided fiber entangling method and apparatus for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric. A fibrous starting material whose individual fibers are capable of movement relatively to one another under the influence of applied fluid forces is subjected to coacting opposed fluid streams while being confined between a flexible screen belt and a rigid perforated hollow drum. The fibers of the starting material are entangled under the effect of fluid forces applied in opposition, forming a reticular network which defines a pattern of blind holes, each hole extending transversely to the fabric plane and containing a protuberant fiber packing at a closed end thereof.

Abstract: A geosynthetic clay liner is disclosed for providing barriers in landfills that substantially preclude the migration of liquids. The geosynthetic clay liner includes a layer of bentonite disposed between a primary carrier sheet and a cover sheet. The primary carrier sheet and the cover sheet are linked via plurality of tufting threads. A bight or loop portion of the tufting thread extends through to the undersurface of the lower or primary carrier sheet and is partially melted to prevent the bight portion from slipping back through the primary carrier sheet. The partially melted bight portions create an under surface with a high coefficient of friction thereby enabling the geosynthetic clay liner to be installed on steep slopes or banks of landfills or ponds.

Abstract: A floor covering with at least two colors using thermoplastics elastomers as its base material wherein the first base material is formed and set in the first work station of a multistation rotary injection molding machine having a turntable to transfer the first finished material to the second work station for punching, then to the third work station where a second base material with different color is melted and filled up the holes and bottom parts of the first finished material, at last the copolymers with at least two colors is being unloaded, calendered and extruded to form a flat and flexible floor covering.

Abstract: The fabric of the present invention includes a pile portion comprising spun yarn tufted in alternating arrangement with bulk continuous filament yarn through a base layer. The spun yarn includes a space-dyed component and a stock-dyed component. The bulk continuous filament yarn is also space-dyed. A process and apparatus for producing the pile fabric of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a sheath-core composite polyester fiber with both the core and the sheath comprising polyesters and at least one end thereof is tapered to its tip. Two groups of recesses having different diameter ranges are formed on the exposed core of the tapered part and on the surface of the sheath, respectively. Napped fabrics with raised fibers comprising the composite fibers have good hand with stiffness (KOSHI), excellent color developing property and color depth when dyed. The fabrics have no luster difference or color difference such as dark fading and white appearance and, besides, produce no whitened seams, so that they are suitable for car-seat covers and like uses.

Abstract: A lightweight warp knitted textile fabric suitable for use as the loop component of a hook-and-loop fastener is formed of a set of ground yarns knitted in a relatively stretchable construction with a set of loop-forming yarns formed in a stitch pattern producing elongated underlap loops extending outwardly from the technical back of the fabric which can be readily interengaged with the hook elements of a mating hook component without any necessity for brushing, napping or mechanically raising the loops. In one embodiment, a second set of loop-forming yarns is formed in a stitch pattern producing elongated loops extending outwardly from the technical face of the fabric which can be adhered to a backing material such as a carpet backing. In another embodiment, filling yarn is inserted weftwise in every fabric course.

Abstract: A sheet having one side with a multiplicity of outwardly-extending small, resilient hooks, such as are now commonly employed in "Velcro" styled hook tape for engaging upholstery threads and similar textured surfaces. On the sheet side opposite the hooks is a structural matrix comprised of adhesive interfused among small fibers typically arranged as ribs on the sheet side. Conventional attachment devices, such as hooks or clasps, are attached to the structural matrix to provide a means for attaching a mating object to a textured surface. When adhesive is limited in forming the matrix, the resulting surface presented to the mating object is a plurality of extending, spaced-apart, small contact surfaces which effectively converts the matrix high tack adhesive to a low tack adhesive useful for attaching paper. A low tack adhesive may also be applied over the matrix to directly form a flat, mildly adhesive surface.

Abstract: A Wilton-type carpet and methods of making integral fringes on it, of affixing a decorative border around the periphery of the carpet and of inlaying decorative strands within the design of the carpet. The method creates integral fringes by the one way looming of the face yarns and by the severance of two transverse backing strands. The backing is undone while simultaneously releasing face yarns to act as the fringes. The method also provides a shelf at the fringe/carpet face interface allowing for a decorative trim to be affixed thereto. Another aspect of the method entails the complete removal of face yarns at both left and right sides to result in a shelf along the left and right sides to which decorative trim can be affixed. The face yarns within the carpet face can be removed in both the longitudinal and transverse directions to inlay decorative yarn therein.

Abstract: Described is a synthetic fiber for use in carpets, having a multilobal cross section, each lobe of said multilobal cross section having a first end and a second end and one side and an opposite side, the first end of each of said lobes being connected to the first end of the other lobes, the second end of each of said lobes radiating outwardly, each lobe having a plurality of projections, alternating along a contour of each lobe, each projection of each lobe having no direct counterpart on the opposite side of said lobe, the fiber having a modification ratio of from about 2.5 to about 7.

Abstract: A mat or rug having a laminate structure is described composed of (A) a reverse side mat layer including (a) a laminated mat composed of (a.sup.1) base fabric and (a.sup.2) nonwoven fabric made of a thermoplastic resin fibrous binder, the base fabric (a.sup.1) and nonwoven fabric (a.sup.2) being united by needling, (b) cut piles made of a thermoplastic resin implanted from one side of the laminated mat (a), and (c) a resin adhesive layer formed by coating a liquid resin adhesive on the nonwoven fabric (a.sup.2) on the side opposite to the cut piles (b) and drying, (B) a thermoplastic resin adhesive layer, and (C) a surface mat layer, wherein the surface mat layer (C) is adhered via the thermoplastic resin adhesive layer (B) to the reverse side mat layer (A) on the side of reverse side mat layer (A) on which the liquid resin adhesive has been coated, wherein the cut piles (b) are implanted under the following conditions:Implanting density: 16 to 400 roots/in.sup.

Abstract: Continuous synthetic filaments having a four sided cross-sectional contour and four substantially equispaced continuous voids are disclosed. The voids have a substantially round or nonround shape, and each void is substantially centered on a side of the filament's contour.

Abstract: Textile structure useful as a reinforcement in the manufacture of composite materials is produced using technical yarns. At least some of the yarns are formed from three constituents, namely a substantially straight core, a relief yarn, and an independent binding yarn. The relief yarn is secured to the core by the binding yarn.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of a nap mat having a rubber backing with nap free rubber edge zones, whereby the nap layer is fastened into a woven and/or non-woven primary texture which along with the nap layer is fastened to the upper side of an unvulcanized rubber backing by a press vulcanizing operation. Placing rubber strips in total or partial abutment against the underside of the rubber backing, before the press vulcanizing operation is initiated, so that said strips during the press vulcanizing operation are joint vulcanized with the rubber backing so that they form integrated parts thereof.

Abstract: A modular antistatic and conductive carpet tile system including antistatic and conductive carpet tiles for ESD control and a conductive releasable adhesive for releasably securing the carpet tiles, each tile has a primary backing layer including conductive filaments, a conductive support strata disposed below said primary backing layer, and tufting woven through said primary backing layer and extending at least partially into said conductive support strata forming a carpet pile above said primary backing layer; the adhesive includes a releasable adhesional substance and a multiplicity of conductive fibers suspended therein forming a conductive matrix throughout the volume of said adhesional substance.

Abstract: A combination flock and other material transfer. The flock has an open interior section. The other material, such as twill, is die cut greater than the opening of the interior section of the flock but less than the outside dimensions of the flock design. The unit is applied to a garment with a hot melt adhesive which seals the flock to the twill and the edges of the flock and the twill to the garment.

Abstract: Light-trapping members are cut out of a ribbon consisting of a base fabric and piles. The piles of the ribbon are pressed against the peripheral surface of a thermal drum to be inclined in the width direction after the ribbon is passed through and twisted by a twister disposed close to the thermal drum. The light-trapping members with inclined piles are attached to a film passage mouth of a self-advancing-type photographic film cassette with the inclination of the piles directed to the outside of the film passage mouth, so that the leading end of a photographic film can be advanced smoothly by rotation of a spool through the light-trapping members to the outside of the cassette.

Abstract: This invention relates to a trilobal filament having at least one axially extending void, preferably one axially extending void in each lobe, wherein each lobe has a composite curve profile having a first arm angle .alpha. and a second arm angle .beta., the cross-section has a modification ratio of 2.4 to 5.0, and the total cross-sectional area is 5 to 15 percent void. In a further aspect, this invention is a spinnerette for producing a filament comprising at least one bore group, wherein the bore group has three legs divergent from each other by 130.degree. to 150.degree. and each leg includes two substantially parallel capillary sections and one nipple capillary section which extends to the outermost point of each leg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ply-twisted yarns comprising fiber blends of about 70 to 90 weight percent base fiber and about 10 to 30 percent non-melt compatible polyolefin fiber having a melting point of about 130.degree. to 170.degree. C. The base fiber may be polyamides, polyesters, or fiber mixtures thereof. The ply-twisted yarns may be heat-set by a conventional process, whereupon the polyolefin fibers melt and bond to each other but do not bond to the base fibers.

Abstract: A carpet yarn containing continuous synthetic filaments having a four sided cross-sectional contour and four substantially equispaced continuous voids are disclosed. The voids have a substantially round or nonround shape, and each void is substantially centered on a side of the filament's contour.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel orthopedic casting materials having superior layer to layer lamination, and methods for preparing the same. The orthopedic casting materials comprise a resin-coated scrim having a plurality of projections along at least one surface thereof. Preferably, each projection comprises a bundle of at least about 8 filaments, and the scrim has from about 75 to about 1500 projections per gram of scrim. The projections serve to mechanically interact with adjacent layers of the material, thereby significantly enhancing the lamination properties of the resultant material and resisting delamination once the material has cured.

Abstract: Light shielding cloths excellent in light-shielding ability, and film drawing resistance are obtained by increasing the pile yarn density in accordance with a special formula, by passing pile yarns between the needle loop and the sinker loop of the ground fabric or by using a combination of regular yarn and special yarn. The contamination of the film by the thermobleeding of the dye is prevented by using a particular dye. The generation of static marks is also prevented by treating the light-shielding cloth comprising synthetic fiber with a special antistatic agent or treatment.

Abstract: A fabric web for the erosion protection of earth layers, particularly on embankments, which comprises hard vegetable fibers or mixed fibers with threads crossing one another at right angles, characterized in that individual threads project from the fabric plane at regular or irregular intervals in the form of loops or are tufted and in each case cover at least one crossing thread.

Abstract: A blend of low shrinkage polyester fibers and high shrinkage polyester fibers is described. In particular, the blend includes high shrinkage PET copolymers having boiling water shrinkages from 6 to 11 percent and low shrinkage PET copolymer fibers having a shrinkage of less than 3 percent. Textured carpets and rugs made from the blend consistently have better initial tuft end point definition and, in most cases, better bulk than corresponding polyester carpets made from conventional polyester fibers.