Abstract: Filter media is provided. The filter media comprises a web of melt blown microfibers having one surface substantially flat and the other surface having periodic wrinkle-like undulations. A method of making the filter media is also provided. The filter media is useful in electret filters when charged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pile material composed of a textile backing composed of a knit or woven and bound-in loop-forming pile yarns, the textile backing consisting of a multifilament hybrid yarn composed of a mixture of lower melting and crimped higher melting filaments, said pile material being capable of three-dimensional deformation and having a backing which can be consolidated by heat treatment. The pile material of the invention has a pleasantly soft, textile hand and can be used for example as cover for seating or for textile surface decoration of complicatedly styled contours, for example the inner surface of motorcardoors.

Abstract: Thermally transferable printing ribbons and methods of making same fabricated by initially mixing and grinding solid ingredients together, and then emulsifying the entire mixture. Thermally transferable printing ribbons formulations in accordance with the present invention generally include one or more waxes, one or more resins, and pigments. These ingredients are ground hot in an attritor or ball mill. This mixture is then emulsified, and the resulting formulation is coated on an elongated backing element utilizing conventional coating equipment and techniques.

Abstract: A fusion bonded carpet in which the pile yarn is secured in a non hot-melt latex adhesive base and methods of manufacture of such carpet.

Abstract: A tufted carpet comprising a base and a plurality of tufts. Each of the tufts have a looped portion on an underside of the base. The looped portions are fused to the underside of the base and to adjacent looped portions using heat and pressure, thereby forming a homogeneous layer of the looped portions on the underside of the base.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: A tufted pile fabric in which the pile yarns extend from a backing fabric to form the face of the fabric. The backing fabric comprises a fibrous substrate comprised of a blend of synthetic filaments having a high-melt temperature and synthetic filaments having a low-melt temperature. The pile yarns are also formed of a blend of synthetic low-melt filaments and synthetic high-melt filaments spun together. The filaments forming the pile yarn are cut into staple lengths prior to spinning. The low-melt filaments of the backing fabric and the pile yarn have the same melt temperature. The tufted pile fabric is subjected to sufficient heat during the tufting operation to cause the low-melt filaments to soften and to thermally bond the pile yarns with the backing fabric to provide a stable tufted pile fabric without a backing coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hollow fiber-reinforced plastic body comprising a curable resin-impregnated winding of high-strength fibers. To provide a strong hollow fiber-reinforced plastic body having a quick-to-make wall thickness the invention proposes that a double-walled shell which surrounds the hollow body interior is made by a first winding of one or more tapes of an uncut double pile cloth having a spaced-apart top cloth and bottom cloth and also binding pile threads which is covered by an outer winding, the windings being impregnated with a curable resin.

Abstract: In a method for the manufacture of a plush-type cleaning cloth from pile fabric in which a layer of thermoplastic pile fibers is anchored by fusing to a base structure of thermoplastic fibers at temperatures from 423 to 433 K (150.degree.-160.degree. C.), pile fibers of different melting and shrinking temperature properties are used in a distribution over the entire surface, so that a first portion of the pile fibers shrinks at the fusing temperature and a second portion of the pile fibers does not shrink or shrinks less than the first portion. The first portion of the pile fibers comprises approximately 60% of the total amount of the pile fibers and provides increased scrubing properties due to their crimped, harder structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrically conductive fibers which include zinc oxide particles having a substantially rod shape.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: A fabric comprising binding warp threads, tension warp threads, weft threads and pile threads or a part thereof, in which binding warp threads cross each other in pairs in order to form a series of openings, and in which at least two weft threads pass through at least some of the openings. The fabric has at least two tension warp threads per pair of binding warp threads. Each pair of binding warp threads extend between two adjacent tension warp threads.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: A bonded pile fabric is provided which comprises a base layer and a pile forming yarn adjacent to the base layer. The pile forming yarn is tacked to the base layer preferably by the introduction of heat prior to the application of adhesive which is preferably a low viscosity latex. A method and apparatus for making the bonded pile fabric are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a sheath-core composite polyester fiber with both the core and the sheath comprising polyesters and at least one end thereof is tapered to its tip. Two groups of recesses having different diameter ranges are formed on the exposed core of the tapered part and on the surface of the sheath, respectively. Napped fabrics with raised fibers comprising the composite fibers have good hand with stiffness (KOSHI), excellent color developing property and color depth when dyed. The fabrics have no luster difference or color difference such as dark fading and white appearance and, besides, produce no whitened seams, so that they are suitable for car-seat covers and like uses.

Abstract: A mat or rug having a laminate structure is described composed of (A) a reverse side mat layer including (a) a laminated mat composed of (a.sup.1) base fabric and (a.sup.2) nonwoven fabric made of a thermoplastic resin fibrous binder, the base fabric (a.sup.1) and nonwoven fabric (a.sup.2) being united by needling, (b) cut piles made of a thermoplastic resin implanted from one side of the laminated mat (a), and (c) a resin adhesive layer formed by coating a liquid resin adhesive on the nonwoven fabric (a.sup.2) on the side opposite to the cut piles (b) and drying, (B) a thermoplastic resin adhesive layer, and (C) a surface mat layer, wherein the surface mat layer (C) is adhered via the thermoplastic resin adhesive layer (B) to the reverse side mat layer (A) on the side of reverse side mat layer (A) on which the liquid resin adhesive has been coated, wherein the cut piles (b) are implanted under the following conditions:Implanting density: 16 to 400 roots/in.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile material for composite constructions, comprising a textile fabric having tied-in naps. To form a textile material which confers good mechanical properties on the composite and at the same time makes possible a durable attachment it is provided, that the tied-in naps being secured to the textile fabric incline from the textile fabric with at least two different lengths and pile directions, and being singly and alternately distributed on a front surface of the textile fabric in a substantially uniform manner.

Abstract: A baseball training machine which simulates the ideal swing of a baseball bat, and which communicates this simulation as a feeling to the trainee. The training bat held by the trainee has freedom of movement, both linear and rotational, in three dimensions and in an infinite number of planes.

Abstract: A strip material from which a portion may be severed to form a portion of a fastener. The strip material comprising a polymeric bonding layer; a multiplicity of flexible, resilient, generally U-shaped monofilaments, each monofilament including a central elongate bight portion embedded in the bonding layer, two stem portions extending from the opposite ends of the bight portion and projecting generally normal to an exposed major surface of the bonding layer, and enlarged heads at the ends of the stem portions opposite the bight portion, resiliently elastic material attached to the surface of the bonding layer opposite its exposed major surface, and pressure sensitive adhesive means along an attachment surface of the resiliently elastic material opposite the bonding layer for adhering the strip material to a substrate.

Abstract: A pile fabric is disclosed and claimed, comprising a ground fabric of polyester filaments and a pile of natural fibers, up to four pile picks being woven between each two adjacent weft yarns of the ground fabric. The bond of the pile picks consists at least in part of three or five warp through-pile weavings.A special use of this fabric is an upholstery cloth for car seats and other seats of furniture.

Abstract: A fur-like pile fabric which comprises guard hair-like fibers and down hair-like fibers wherein a plurality of the fibers including the guard hair-like fibers constitute a unit and at least the guard hair-like fibers in the unit are adhered together in a brush form, which has an appearance and feeling similar to natural furs.

Abstract: Laminated composite structures for use in making fluid filters are disclosed. Such structures comprise (a) a densified high loft layer of powder bonded nonwoven fabric, rebulkable by heating, laminated to (b) a filter media or element that supplies stiffness to the laminate. Also disclosed are methods of making fluid filters, e.g., ones used to filter inlet air for internal combustion engines, from such laminates, and fluid filters containing such laminates in which the nonwoven layer has been rebulked by heating.

Abstract: A method for forming a sheet material adapted to be cut into smaller pieces to form portions of a fastener. The method comprises providing a self supporting polymeric film that provides the structural strength to retain the integrity of the sheet material, and stitching a plurality of yarns through the film to form loops projecting from one surface of the film and locking portions of the stitches adjacent the opposite surface of the film. The sheet material can also include a layer of heat softenable polymeric material adhered to the film over the locking portions.

Abstract: An anti-fouling surface structure having a multiplicity of ribbons made of plastics thin film and planted on a surface and a method of planting ribbons on a substrate. The ribbons fixed to the surface flutter in sea-water so as to prevent marine growth on the surface. The anti-fouling surface structure may be realized by directly planting ribbons on the surface of a structure to be protected or covering the surface of the structure by a covering material which has a multiplicity of ribbons planted on a substrate sheet or string. The method of planting ribbons comprises the steps of slitting a wide film into a multiplicity of parallel ribbons, flexing and folding the multiplicity of ribbons simultaneously in the direction perpendicular to the slitting direction thereby forming crests ribbons on opposite sides, bonding the ribbons to a substrate at their crests on one side, and cutting the crests opposite to the bonded crests.

Abstract: A vandal resistant upholstered seat or seat insert comprises a substrate formed of a hard material such as plastic, fiberglass, steel or the like; a vertical pile fabric having a non-coated backing covering the outer surface of the seat insert, with the vertical pile fabric including a plurality of generally upright fibers embedded in a backing material, with the fibers and the backing material being formed such that the backing and vertical fibers are accessible to a liquid adhesive applied to the underside of the backing material; and a layer of high-strength adhesive permeating the backing material from the underside and bonding securely the backing material and upright fibers to the substrate, the adhesive providing a fabric to substrate bond that exceeds the tensile strength of the fabric itself or has a peeling strength of at least twenty-five (25) pounds per inch width of fabric.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for producing a novel fastener means of the type having a plurality of fastening means extending from bight portions 60 bonded to a backing material 48. Products fabricated with the novel fastener means. The apparatus generally comprises means for drawing an array of filaments 46, or other material, onto a forming wheel 14 having a plurality of grooves 28, and land zones 30 between the grooves, means for positioning a plurality of pins 42 against the filaments 46 and aligned with the grooves 28, means for urging the pins 42 into the grooves 28 and thereby forming loops 50 in the filaments 46, and means for placing a backing material 48 against the filaments 46 and bonding the backing material to the filaments at spaced locations. Pins 42 are trapped in spaces 53 between the filaments 46 and the backing material 48. The apparatus further includes means for releasing the pins from the spaces.

Abstract: The present invention provides pile compositions comprising 2% by weight or more of porous expanded fibers with expansion ratio 3% or higher as fibers composing the pile part. This invention enables providing pile compositions which give excellent animal hair like feeling and external appearance; that is, pile part's lightness, bulkiness, soft touch, elasticity, coloring and loosenability.

Abstract: A method for forming a sheet material adapted to be cut into smaller pieces to form portions of a fastener. The method comprises providing a backing laminate comprising a layer of base material and a sealing layer of heat softenable polymeric material along a back surface of the base material; stitching a plurality of yarns through the base material to form loops projecting from a face surface of the base material and locking portions of the stitch adjacent the back face of the base material; and heating the polymeric material to adhere it to the locking portions of the stitches. The sheet material can then be used if loops are desired, or the loops can be cut to form hooks or heated to form headed projections on the sheet material.

Abstract: A woven fabric, namely a velours, consists of a foundation fabric and a pile layer of synthetic fibers, at least the pile fibers having a strong crinkle in the untreated woven state. The fiber sections of the pile fibers projecting out of the foundation fabric are permanently uncrinkled, straightened and largely paralleled in the nap surface area and assume an essentially straight position while the pile fibers in the area of the foundation fabric still have the initial crinkle. Due to this, a very easy-to-care-for velours is created with excellent pile retention in the foundation fabric.

Abstract: A thermal insulator is disclosed which comprises fibrillated staple fibers exemplified by fibrillated fibers of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide). The fibers are fibrillated on a carding machine equipped with metallic clothing.

Abstract: A pile fabric is formed of interengaging ground yarns and cut pile tufts. The tufts are formed of wrap yarns extending upwardly from the ground yarns and forming the face of the fabric. Each of the wrap yarns comprises a body strand of untwisted staple fibers and a crimped textured binder strand which has extensible and retractable properties. In the wrap yarn, the binder strand is helically wrapped around the body strand in an axially extended and tensioned condition and is reduced in bulk compared to the condition the binder strand would assume when relaxed. When tufts formed of such wrap yarns are cut to form the face of a cut pile fabric, the binder strands retract and position themselves inwardly away from the face of the pile fabric so as to be hidden among the pile tufts and not visible. The retraction of the binder yarns and the appearance, hand and integrity of the resulting fabric can all be enhanced by various finishing processes.

Abstract: A pile fabric is formed from interengaging ground yarns and cut pile tufts formed of wrap yarns extending upwardly from the ground yarns to form the face of the fabric. Each of the wrap yarns comprises a body strand of untwisted staple fibers and a binder strand helically wrapped around the body strand. The binder strands are preferably crimped textured strands and formed of a thermoplastic polymer having heat shrinkable and fusible properties and a relatively low melting point of less than about 300.degree. F. The staple fibers and ground yarns are formed of a material unaffected at the relatively low melting point of the binder strand. When a moderated amount of heat is applied to a cut pile fabric formed from such wrap yarns, the binder yarns shrink and are retractably positioned inwardly away from the face of the pile fabric and are hidden among the pile tufts and not visible.

Abstract: Multiple hook-fastener media in which many protruding hooks are formed at relatively high speed from suitable bendable and settable plastic material which may be different from the substrate to which these pre-formed hooks are subsequently bonded. Many rows of hooks are formed simultaneously, each row from a strand, for example, a monofilament of longitudinally oriented polymeric material. The formed strands are "set" into their multiple hook row configuration, and then these pre-formed rows of hooks are simultaneously bonded to the substrate. Thus, an attractive substrate of any reasonable width, for example, of three inches, six inches, a foot or a yard, may be used. The production method and system enable the number of hooks per square inch, either longitudinally or laterally or both, to be adjusted while running.

Abstract: A tufted fabric suitable for use as a throw rug or carpet is formed having a unique and appealing visual appearance and a lush, rich texture. The pile fabric is characterized in that the pile portion is formed from fabric strips, such as strips of woven fabric, which extend from a backing fabric. The strips may be of a uniform color throughout the fabric or may be of different colors to form a multi-color appearance. The fabric strips may also contain printed patterns thereon which present unique pattern effects in the pile fabric.

Abstract: There is disclosed a simulated thatched roofing which closely approximates the appearance and durability of thatched roofs. The roof structure includes a supporting roof structure formed of a roof frame and a base underlayment and a natural fiber outer covering laid thereover which is formed of a coextensive sheet of woven fibers with a plurality of discontinuous loops of a natural, raw bast or leaf fiber having the loops cut to expose the ends of the fibers as tufts which are closely spaced across the entire surface of the roof covering.

Abstract: A teremp cloth used to block light from entering an opening of a film container is made from a base cloth which is knitted, and pile yarns which are wound around the warps of the base cloth.

Abstract: An improved pile-type, fin weatherstrip includes an elongated V- or U-shaped barrier fin bonded to a base strip and located between a pair of upstanding pile fiber arrays. The barrier fin is formed of thermoplastic film which is preferably smooth, but which may be roughened, dimpled or otherwise provided with a large number of pockets, or which may have a flocked surface. A lubricant grease is provided in the channel shaped cavity of the barrier fin, which lubricant is progressively dispensed in response to a wiping action type of movement which occurs when the barrier fin is compressed by the pile arrays during usage. The lubricant grease is exuded progressively over the useful life of the weatherstrip toward the free edges of the barrier fin located at or near the forward projecting face of the weatherstrip where such grease is dispensed in small amounts to decrease breakaway force, lower sliding friction and improved air infiltration characteristics.

Abstract: A cut pile fabric such as a velvet composed of a synthetic fiber pile having deep color shade and smooth touch on its pile surface, the piles thereof having non-mushroom shaped cut ends at their tip portions, defined by the equation d.sub.1 /d.sub.2 .ltoreq.1.3, where d.sub.1 is the maximum diameter of the tip portion and d.sub.2 is a diameter of the remaining portion of the piles. The pile fabric is obtained by utilizing, as a pile yarn, a synthetic yarn having a breakage strength of less than 2.8 g/De, a primary yielding strength of more than 1.2 g/De, a breakage elongation of less than 50%, and a primary yielding elongation of less than 10%. Such synthetic yarn can advantageously be prepared by a crystallization drawing process.

Abstract: A carrier for holding pieces of yarn ready for use in making rugs and similar articles by hand comprises a perforated flexible sheet of pliable material such as strong paper. The ends of individual pieces of yarn of predetermined length extend through the perforations, with each piece of yarn bent into a "U" shape so that both ends of each piece are on the same side of the fabric sheet, but the two ends of each piece extend through different perforations. The pieces of yarn may be mechanically inserted into the sheet in locations corresponding to the locations of the pieces of yarn in the article to be made by hand, giving a preview of the appearance of the article and serving as a pattern for the handmade article.

Abstract: A non-slip pile fabric is proposed which has a ground fabric formed of warps and wefts, and pile yarns of rigidity wound into the ground fabric so that the pile yarns will raise from one side of the ground fabric substantially in the shape of letter V forming an angle of substantially 45 degrees with respect to the warps and with respect to the surface of the ground fabric, adjacent ones of the pile yarns raising in alternate directions, the piled surface on the one side of the ground fabric being coated with a thermosetting synthetic resin.

Abstract: Staple fiber, typically of up to about 2.5 inches long, is preferably crimped and heat-set, then is open-end spun to product single yarns having about half the fibers in a non-parallel configuration. These are supplied to a fine gauge tufting machine which simultaneously tufts the yarns into a scrim substrate and shears the tufted loops e.g. to a one-eighth inch pile height. A conventional backing is applied. The resulting product more closely resembles woven velvet than does conventionally tufted velvet and is especially suitable for use as upholstery fabric.

Abstract: In an elongate strip material which can be severed into lengths to form at least a part of a fastener. The strip material comprises a backing and a multiplicity of lengths of polymeric monofilament having cross sections defining a plurality of radially projecting lobes, each length including a central bight portion secured in the backing, and two stem portions extending from opposite ends of the bight portion and projecting away from the backing. Enlarged heads are formed by heat at the ends of the stem portions opposite the backings, and the heads include hook-like portions spaced from the stem portions and projecting along the stem portions toward the backing that result from heating the ends of the monofilaments because of their lobed cross sections.

Abstract: This invention relates to filling material composed of crimped fibers joined together at one end with a high density, and having crimps located in mutually deviating phases, while the other ends of the fibers stay free, and a process for manufacturing such filling material. The filling material exhibits superior bulkiness and thermal insulation, since the recovery force or resiliency of the crimps located in mutually deviating phases causes the fibers to spread sufficiently to contain a large quantity of air among themselves.

Abstract: A novel cut pile fabric (10) and a method of making same is disclosed. The cut pile fabric (10) includes a needled non-woven batt (14) of staple fibers (12) that is processed on a texturizing needle loom (17) from one surface (20) (called a back surface) thereof to form texturized loops (18) on the other surface (22) (called a face surface) of said batt (14). The non-textured back surface (20) of the batt (14) has a backing (24) applied thereto which may be of latex, or the like, with the texturized loops (18) being tigered by a tigering roll (28) to cut, break or fracture a high percentage of the loops. The tigered pile is polished by a polishing roll (34) to remove the crimps in the fibers and to orient the fibers in a direction transverse to the batt (14) prior to being sheared in a shear (36). A dense, plush cut pile fabric is produced.

Abstract: A novel cut pile fabric (110) and a method of making same is disclosed. The cut pile fabric (110) includes a needled non-woven batt (14) of staple fibers (12) that has a carrier member (60) which may be a separate sheet of material carried by a face surface (22) of the batt. A texturized surface is formed using a texturizing needle loom (17) which punches through the batt (14) from the one surface (20) (called the back surface) of the batt (14) so that texturized loops (70) project from the carrier (60) on the other face surface (22) of the batt. The one non-texturized back surface (20) of the batt (14) has a backing (24) applied thereto as by latexing, fusing, or the like, with the texturized loops (70) being tigered to break, fracture or cut a high percentage of the loops (70). The tigered pile is polished by a polishing roll (34) to remove the crimps in the fibers and to orient the fibers in a direction substantially perpendicular to the batt prior to being sheared in a shear (36).

Abstract: A fabric (10), for a wall covering or the like, is provided which has a needled non-woven batt (16) of staple fibers (12), to a front surface or one face (18) of which a cloth or film of woven, knitted fabric or extruded film (22) is attached, as by needle punching fibers (12) from the batt, or the like. Groups of staple fibers are punched from the batt through the cloth or film (22) to produce a distinctive pattern of clustered loops (34) of non-woven fibers having a visual background of cloth or film (22). The back surface (20) of the non-woven batt may optionally be backed (40) as by fusing, latexing, or the like. A novel method of making a fabric is provided and comprises needling (15) the non-woven batt, attaching the cloth or film (22) to the batt, needling clustered loops (34,35) from the non-woven fibers of the batt through the cloth or film (22) to define a pattern of loops with the cloth or film ( 22) visible between the clustered loops, and optionally backing the non-woven batt.

Abstract: A novel cut pile fabric (210) and a method of making same is disclosed. The cut pile fabric (210) includes a needled non-woven batt (14) of staple fibers (12) that has an integral carrier member (74) formed by fusing a face surface (22) of the needled batt. A texturized surface is formed on the batt (14) using a texturized needle loom (17) which punches through the batt (14) from the one surface (20) (called the back surface) of the batt so that texturized loops (76) project from the carrier member (74). The non-texturized back surface (20) of the batt (14) has a backing (24) applied as by latexing, fusing, or the like, with the texturized loops (76) being tigered by a tigering roll (28) to break, fracture or cut a high percentage of the loops (76). The tigered pile is polished by a polishing roll (34) to remove the crimps in the fibers and to orient the fibers in a direction transverse to the plane of the batt (14) prior to being sheared in a shear (36).

Abstract: The disclosed composite fabric, useful as a substratum for artificial leather, comprises a woven or knitted frabic and at least one non-woven fabric firmly bonded to the woven or knitted fabric, and is produced by providing a precursory sheet with two or more layers from a woven or knitted fabric and one or more fibrous webs which consist of numerous extremely fine fibers having an average diameter of from 0.1 to 6.0 microns, and uniformly impacting the fibrous web surface of the precursory sheet with numerous fluid jets ejected under a high pressure of from 15 to 100 kg/cm.sup.2, at a ratio of a total impact area of the fluid jets on the precursory sheet surface to an area of the precursory sheet surface to be impacted of at least 1.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive bonded pile fabric is provided which comprises a liquid permeable base layer; a pile forming yarn adjacent to the base layer in pile forming fashion but not tufted through the base layer; the pile forming element having been bonded to the base layer by means of a hot melt adhesive applied to the back of said base layer. A method and apparatus for making fusion bonded, pile fabrics are also provided.