Abstract: A secondary battery includes a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, a separator interposed therebetween, and at least one insulation member. The first electrode plate has a first electrode collector having at least one surface on which a first electrode active material is coated to form a coating portion, a first electrode uncoated portion formed on at least one end of the first electrode collector, and a first protrusion formed on at least one end of the electrode coating portion. The second electrode plate includes a similar second electrode collector, a second electrode coating portion, a second electrode uncoated portion, and a second protrusion. The separator insulates the first electrode plate from the second electrode plate. The at least one insulation member is formed on and covers the first protrusion, the second protrusion, or both such that an electrolyte is flowable through the at least one insulation member.

Abstract: An electrode plate of a rechargeable battery that is capable of preventing wastage of a base film and preventing an active material layer from being irregularly formed and a method for fabricating the same is disclosed. The electrode plate is fabricated by continuously coating the active material layer lengthwise along a surface of the base film and cutting the base film in a direction substantially perpendicular to a length of the base film or in a direction that forms a predetermined angle in relation to the length of the base film. The method includes forming an active material layer lengthwise on a base film except for on predetermined parts of both ends of the base film by continuously coating active materials, and forming an electrode plate by cutting the base film formed with the active material layer in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length of the base film using a cutter.

Abstract: There is provided a secondary battery in which a gasket is melted by internal heat generation to prevent the secondary battery from being short circuited to each other. In one embodiment, a secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator interposed between the positive and negative electrode plates. A can accommodates the electrode assembly and is connected to the negative electrode plate through negative electrode tabs. A cap assembly is positioned at one side of the can and electrically connected to the positive electrode plate through a positive electrode tab. A gasket is positioned between the can and the cap assembly. In the secondary battery, the gasket is formed of a heat resistant material having a predetermined amount of heat-resistant enhancing material added thereto.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention includes a current collector and an active material layer carried on the current collector. The active material layer contains silicon and oxygen. In the thickness direction of the active material layer, an oxygen ratio of the active material is greater at the side of the active material layer in contact with the current collector than at the side of the active material layer not in contact with the current collector. The active material layer contains no binder. By using the negative electrode described above, it is possible to provide a high capacity lithium ion secondary battery having superior high rate charge/discharge characteristics and excellent cycle characteristics.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery including a strip-shaped porous metal substrate and a material mixture filled into the substrate. The substrate has an unfilled portion where the material mixture is not filled along at least one of two longitudinal sides of the substrate. The substrate has a weight per unit area of 150 to 350 g/m2. The material mixture contains an active material and an elastic polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a housing member for a battery module, which is mounted to at least one side of the battery module such that a flow channel of refrigerant is defined in the battery module having unit cells stacked therein, wherein the housing member is provided with electrically connecting members for electrically connecting electrode terminals of the unit cells with each other and/or electrically connecting an external device to the electrode terminals, the electrically connecting members being integrally formed at the housing member. The housing member according to the present invention is manufactured in a structure in which the electrically connecting members are integrally formed at the housing member. Consequently, the manufacturing costs of the housing member are reduced. Furthermore, the assembly process of the battery module is greatly simplified, and the occurrence of short circuits caused by an engineer's mistake is effectively prevented.

Abstract: The problem addressed by this invention is to provide an aromatic polyamide porous film excellent in the capability of being thinned and capable of easily exhibiting stable porosity properties even if it is used for a long period of time at high temperature. This invention can be achieved by an aromatic polyamide porous film that contains an aromatic polyamide as a main component and is such that when an atomic force microscope is used to measure a range of S ?m2 at least on one surface, the sectional area S(10) ?m2 obtained at a depth of 10 nm from the surface and the sectional area S(20) ?m2 obtained at a depth of 20 nm from the surface satisfy the following formulae simultaneously. 0.01?S(10)/S?0.

Abstract: A new design for a cathode having a configuration of: SVO/first current collector/CFx/second current collector/SVO is described. The two cathode current collectors are vertically aligned one on top of the other in a middle region or zone of the cathode. This coincides to where a winding mandrel will be positioned to form a wound electrode assembly with an anode. The overlapping region of the two current collectors helps balance the expansion forces of the exemplary SVO and CFx active material layers. This, in turn, helps maintain a planar cathode that is more amenable to downstream processing. The use of two current collectors on opposite sides of an intermediate cathode active material also provides for enhanced reliability when cathodes are wound from the center as they lend structural integrity to outer portions of the wind.

Abstract: An electrode assembly including a first electrode strip having a first electrode collector coated with at least a first electrode active material, an exposed portion of the first electrode collector attached with a first electrode tab; a second electrode strip having a second electrode collector coated with at least a second electrode active material and is rolled together with the first electrode strip, an exposed portion of the second electrode collector is attached with a second electrode tab; and at least one inter-electrode strip separator is positioned between the first and second electrode strips, wherein at least one sheet of protective separator, which is extended from the inter-electrode strip separator, is further positioned on a side of the first electrode strip attached with the first electrode tab.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cathode for a battery and a lithium ion battery. The cathode for a battery comprises a metal hydroxide having a large specific surface area as a cathode additive. The lithium ion battery comprises a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the cathode comprises a metal hydroxide having a large specific surface area as a cathode additive. When a metal hydroxide having a large specific surface area is used as a cathode additive, excellent storage properties of a battery at a high temperature can be obtained, even if the metal hydroxide is used in a small amount.

Abstract: An alkaline storage battery including a strip-shaped porous metal substrate and a material mixture filled into the substrate. The substrate has an unfilled portion where the material mixture is not filled along at least one of two longitudinal sides of the substrate. The substrate has a weight per unit area of 150 to 350 g/m2. The material mixture contains an active material and an elastic polymer.

Abstract: Lithium metal anode protection, and various semi-fuel cell constructions for use in deep, high pressure seawater or air media are provided. The described lithium semi-fuel cells achieve record high energy densities, due to the high energy density of lithium anode and the use of the cathode reactant from the surrounding media, which is not part of the cell weight, and the use of ultralight and flexible packaging materials. These features make the described semi-fuel cells the ideal choice for powering underwater and air vehicles.

Abstract: A pre-fabricated electrochemical device having a dense electrolyte disposed between an anode and a cathode preferably deposited as thin films is bonded to a porous electrically conductive support. A second porous electrically conductive support may be bonded to a counter electrode of the electrochemical device. Multiple electrochemical devices may be bonded in parallel to a single porous support, such as a perforated sheet to provide a planar array. Planar arrays may be arranged in a stacked interconnected array. A method of making a supported electrochemical device is disclosed wherein the method includes a step of bonding a pre-fabricated electrochemical device layer to an existing porous metal or porous metal alloy layer.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material is produced by firing, as a cobalt source, a mixture of a) substantially spherical large particle size cobalt hydroxide or tricobalt tetraoxide having a sharp particle size distribution, and b) small particle size cobalt hydroxide or tricobalt tetraoxide, in a proportion of from 9:1 to 1:2 as the cobalt atomic ratio, at a temperature of from 700° C. to 1050° C. in an oxygen-comprising atmosphere.

Abstract: A battery with a high capacity and superior cycle characteristics and an anode active material used for it are provided. An anode contains an anode active material capable of reacting with lithium. The anode active material contains tin, cobalt, and carbon, and further contains at least one from the group consisting of indium, niobium, germanium, titanium, molybdenum, aluminum, phosphorus, and bismuth. Further, in the anode active material, the carbon content is from 9.9 wt % to 29.7 wt %, and the ratio of cobalt to the total of tin and cobalt is from 30 wt % to 70 wt %. Further, coordination number of cobalt as a first neighboring atom around tin obtained by the radial structure function calculated based on one scattering theory of X-ray absorption spectroscopy is 4 or less.

Abstract: A battery includes a positive electrode having a current collector and a first active material and a negative electrode having a current collector and a second active material. The battery also includes an auxiliary electrode having a current collector and a third active material. The auxiliary electrode is configured for selective electrical connection to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The first active material, second active material, and third active material are configured to allow doping and undoping of lithium ions. The third active material exhibits charging and discharging capacity below a corrosion potential of the current collector of the negative electrode and above a decomposition potential of the first active material.

Abstract: An activated electrode for a non-aqueous electrochemical cell is disclosed with a precursor thereof a lithium metal oxide with the formula x{zLi2MnO3.(1?z)LiM?O2}.(1?x)LiMn2?yMyO4 for 0<x<1; 0?y?0.5; and 0<z<1, comprised of layered zLi2MnO3.(1?z)LiM?O2 and spinel LiMn2?yMyO4 components, physically mixed or blended with one another or separated from one another in a compartmentalized electrode, in which M is one or more metal ions, and in which M? is selected from one or more first-row transition metal ions, The electrode is activated by removing lithium and lithia, from the precursor. A cell and battery are also disclosed incorporating the disclosed positive electrode.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of manufacturing a power storage device which enables facilitation of manufacturing of the power storage device while a plurality of terminal portions are prevented from overlapping one another when viewed from a stacking direction. The method of manufacturing the power storage device including a plurality of electrode elements stacked with electrolyte layers interposed between them, the method includes a first step of forming the electrode element which has a generally rotationally symmetric outer shape when viewed from a stacking direction and includes a terminal portion protruding in an outward direction of the power storage device in an area of the outer shape, and a second step of stacking the plurality of electrode elements formed in the first step with the electrolyte layers interposed between them at varying angles in a stacking plane such that the terminal portions do not overlap one another when viewed from the stacking direction.

Abstract: Electrodes comprising an alkali metal, for example, lithium, alloyed with nanostructured materials of formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z?1; formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z<1; and/or germanium exhibit a combination of improved capacities, cycle lives, and/or cycling rates compared with similar electrodes made from graphite. These electrodes are useful as anodes for secondary electrochemical cells, for example, batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors.

Abstract: Electrode active materials comprising lithium or other alkali metals, a transition metal, and a phosphate or similar moiety, of the formula: Aa+xMbP1-xSixO4 wherein (a) A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a<1.0 and 0?x?1; (b) M comprises one or more metals, comprising at least one metal which is capable of undergoing oxidation to a higher valence state, where 0<b?2; and wherein M, a, b, and x are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of said compound.

Abstract: An electrode plate of a rechargeable battery that is capable of preventing wastage of a base film and preventing an active material layer from being irregularly formed and a method for fabricating the same is disclosed. The electrode plate is fabricated by continuously coating the active material layer lengthwise along a surface of the base film and cutting the base film in a direction substantially perpendicular to a length of the base film or in a direction that forms a predetermined angle in relation to the length of the base film. The method includes forming an active material layer lengthwise on a base film except for on predetermined parts of both ends of the base film by continuously coating active materials, and forming an electrode plate by cutting the base film formed with the active material layer in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length of the base film using a cutter.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell is provided that includes a current collector plate and a pellet. The current collector plate includes a circumferential outer peripheral wall and an inner wall coupled thereto, where the circumferential outer peripheral wall defines a cavity and has a height, and the inner wall extends across and physically separates the cavity into at least two regions and has a height that is less than the height of the circumferential outer peripheral wall. The pellet comprises active powder material and is disposed in the cavity and circumferentially surrounded by and in contact with the circumferential outer peripheral wall of the current collector plate. The pellet includes a first portion and second portion, where the first portion is disposed in a first region of the at least two regions and the second portion is disposed in a second region of the at least two regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery prevented from causing a short circuit between a positive and negative electrode plates and a method of manufacturing the battery. This battery comprises an electrode plate assembly having a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates which are alternately laminated with separators interposed one by one between them. Each of the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates is configured to be curved to the same side in a lamination direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing lithium manganate having lithium-in cell stability by utilizing manganese oxides having lower oxidation states in the furnacing step and by using stoichiometric amounts of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and a manganese oxide in water as a starting mixture. Cr, Ni, Mg, AL oxides are optionally added.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode in which an electrode active material particles as being interconnected are applied on current collector, wherein the interconnected surface of electrode active material particles is coated with a polymer, the polymer being present as an independent phase, while maintaining a pore structure formed among the interconnected electrode active material particles as well as an electrochemical device including the electrode.

Abstract: A binder for electrode of lithium ion secondary battery, comprised of a copolymer composed of 15 to 80 weight % of units from ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A) whose homopolymerization yields a polymer soluble in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and 20 to 85 weight % of units from ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) whose homopolymerization yields a polymer insoluble in NMP, which copolymer exhibits a swelling degree of 4 or below, in an electrolyte obtained by dissolving LiPF6 in the concentration of 1 mol/liter into a solvent of 1:2 (volume ratio at 20° C.) mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC). This binder for electrode of lithium ion secondary battery enables obtaining an electrode having a flexible electrode layer excelling in binding properties with industrial advantage.

Abstract: There is provided an electrode for a lithium secondary battery where particles, composed of an active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium, are arranged on a current collector, the active material particle being directly bonded to the surface of the current collector in a state where the bottom of the active material particle is imbedded in a concave portion formed on the surface of the current collector. A second particle layer may be provided on a first particle layer comprising the active material particles directly bonded to the surface of the current collector.

Abstract: A cathode having a groove extending about 10 to about 450 microns into a surface of the cathode. The cathode can also be roughened.

Abstract: An electrode material comprising a particle containing at least one member selected from the particles containing silicon, tin, silicon compound and tin compound, and fibrous carbon. The particle includes: (1) a particle comprising at least one member of a silicon particle, tin particle, particle containing a lithium-ion-intercalatable/releasable silicon compound and particle containing a lithium-ion-intercalatable/releasable tin compound; or (2) a particle comprising a silicon and/or silicon compound-containing carbonaceous material deposited onto at least a portion of the surfaces of a carbon particle having a graphite structure. The lithium secondary battery using the electrode material as a negative electrode has high discharging capacity and is excellent in cycle characteristics and characteristics under a load of large current.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a positive electrode plate for a non-aqueous secondary battery including: preparing an active material A, a conductive material B, a binder C, a thickener D, and a liquid component E, the thickener D being in a powder state, the conductive material B including a carbon material, the thickener D including a water-soluble polymer, and the liquid component E including water; preparing a slurry including the component E and an electrode material mixture, the material mixture including the active material A, the conductive material B, the binder C, and the thickener D; and applying the slurry on a current collector. In preparing the slurry, the thickener D in a powder state, the active material A and the conductive material B are kneaded together with the liquid component E, and then the primary kneaded matter, the binder C, and an additional liquid component are kneaded.

Abstract: A method of producing a grid for a lead-acid battery in accordance with the present invention includes the step of placing lead alloy foil on a base material sheet of a lead-calcium alloy and attaching the lead alloy foil under pressure to the base material sheet. The thickness t of the lead alloy foil, the thickness a of the base material sheet before the attaching, and the thickness b of the composite sheet after the attaching satisfy the relational expression 1.3?(a+t)/b. The length L of the contact part of rollers with the base material sheet and the lead alloy foil is 10 mm or more. This makes it possible to secure good adhesion of the lead alloy foil to the base material sheet. Also, when this composite sheet is subjected to an expanding process and used as a positive electrode grid, it is possible to provide a lead-acid battery having excellent cycle life characteristics.

Abstract: A stacked secondary battery is formed by laying plate-shaped positive electrodes and plate-shaped negative electrodes one on the other by way of separators, wherein a collector is disposed at the front end of the end facet of each of the positive electrodes or the negative electrodes as viewed in a direction orthogonal relative to the stacking direction and has an active substance layer formed on the collector by applying slurry of particles of an active substance with a gap separating it from the front end or the electrode active substance layer is made to show a thickness varying from the front end toward the inside.

Abstract: In a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including an active material portion capable of electrochemically absorbing and desorbing Li, a current collector carrying the active material portion, and a buffer interposed between the active material portion and the current collector, the active material portion includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a Si simple substance, a Si alloy, and a Si compound, the current collector includes Cu, and the buffer has a first layer contacting the current collector and including a group A element which is at least one selected from the group A consisting of Sn, Al, and In, and a second layer contacting the active material portion and including a group B element which is at least one selected from the group B consisting of transition metal elements other than Cu.

Abstract: For accomplishing the subjects, the invention provides a nickel electrode material for use in a nickel electrode, wherein the positive-electrode material constituting the electrode material comprises: positive active material particles which comprise as the main component either a nickel hydroxide or a solid solution in a nickel hydroxide of one or more other elements and in which part of the nickel hydroxide has been oxidized; and a coating layer formed on the surface of the positive active material particles and comprising as the main component a high-order cobalt compound in which the cobalt has an oxidation number larger than 2, the average oxidation number of the nickel in the positive active material particles and the cobalt in the coating layer being from 2.04 to 2.40, and the positive-electrode material having a tap density of 2.0 g/cm3 or higher.

Abstract: An activated electrode for a non-aqueous electrochemical cell is disclosed with a precursor thereof a lithium metal oxide with the formula xLi2MnO3.(1?x)LiMn2?yMyO4 for 0.5<x<1.0 such that the spinel component constitutes less than 50 mole % of the precursor electrode and 0?y<1 in which the Li2MnO3 and LiMn2-yMyO4 components have layered and spinel-type structures, respectively, and in which M is one or more metal cations. The electrode is activated by removing lithia, or lithium and lithia, from the precursor. A cell and battery are also disclosed incorporating the disclosed positive electrode.

Abstract: A cathode material particle comprising a plurality of cathode material cores and each cathode material core having plurality of grains and each grain being uniformly covered with a nano-metal oxide layer, wherein a thickness of the nano-metal oxide layer is 1 nm to 100 nm. The cathode material has excellent safety (good thermal stability), high-capacity, good cycleability and high-rate charging or discharging capability.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrode includes the steps of filling an active material in an electrode substrate made of woven or non-woven fabric having its fiber surface coated with metal, and pressing the electrode substrate to obtain an electrode, wherein the pressing is performed using the electrode substrate having a thickness of less than 2.0 t when the thickness of the electrode after the pressing is t. This ensues that the electrode substrate has a thickness allowing the active material of a sufficient amount to be filled therein, and a battery electrode in which the filled active material is unlikely to peel off from the electrode substrate can be produced. Accordingly, a battery electrode having a desired thickness and desired capacity and that can suppress degradation in battery performance due to repeated charge and discharge, and its producing method are provided.

Abstract: Separators for lithium batteries based on a sheetlike flexible substrate provided with a plurality of openings and having a porous inorganic electrically insulating coating on and in the substrate, the coating closing the openings in the substrate, the material of the substrate being selected from woven or non-woven electrically nonconductive polymeric fibers and the inorganic electrically conductive coating comprising metal oxide particles, the separators being electrical insulators and having lithium ion conducting properties without the presence of an electrolyte, the separators comprising at least one lithium ion conducting inorganic material which may also contain organic groups chemically bonded to the inorganic coating, which separators, after filling them with an additional lithium ion conducting electrolyte, have much higher ion conduction than conventional combinations of non-lithium ion conducting separators and electrolyte; a process for producing the separators; and batteries, such as high power

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell containing an electricity-generating element with at least a cathode, a separator and an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte inside a cathode case, electrode units each consisting of the cathode and the anode opposite to each another via the separator laminated to form an electrode group, or an electrode unit in a sheet form consisting of the cathode and the anode opposite to each another via the separator wound to form an electrode group, or a sheet-shape cathode wrapped with the separator except for a part contacting at inner face of cathode case and a sheet-shaped anode set on the sheet-shaped cathode in a right angled position each other and bent alternately to form an electrode group, and the total sum of the areas of the opposing cathode and anode in the electrode group larger than the area of the opening of an insulating gasket in a sealed portion in the cathode case or than the area of an opening in a sealed plate in a sealed portion in the cathode case.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery cell in accordance with the invention has a high electrode interfacial surface area to improve high rate discharge capacity, and the shapes of the electrodes facilitate the manufacture of cells of high quality and reliability at high speeds suitable for large scale production. The interfacial surfaces of the solid body electrodes have radially extending lobes that increase the interfacial surface area. The lobes do not have sharp corners, and the concave areas formed between the lobes are wide open, to facilitate assembly of the separator and insertion of the other electrode into the concave areas without leaving voids between the separator and either electrode.

Abstract: An aryl amine polymer is provided which contains a specific repeat unit, its use in preparing an organic semiconductor material which contains the aryl amine polymer and an additional specific compound and in the preparation of organic light emitting devices (OLED), organic thin film transistors (TFT) and so on, along with an organic TFT including a substrate, an organic semiconductor layer which contains the organic semiconductor material and is located overlying the substrate, an electrode pair of a source electrode and a drain electrode; and a third electrode.

Abstract: A nanoporous insulating oxide composite electrode and ultracapacitor device, method of manufacture and method of use thereof. The composite electrode being constructed from a conductive backing electrode and an composite layer. Preferably, the ultracapacitor device is configured in a stacked, coiled or button cell configurations and includes composite electrodes. The composite layer being substantially free of mixed oxidation states and nanoporous and having a median pore diameter of 0.5-500 nanometers and average surface area of 300-600 m2/g. The composite layer made from a stable sol-gel suspension containing particles of the insulating oxide, the median primary particle diameter being 1-50 nanometers. Preferably, the insulating oxide is Al2O3, MgAl2O4, SiO2 or TiO2. Preferably, the backing electrode is carbon paper sputter-coated with a film of Au.

Abstract: A stacked battery has at least two cell segments arranged in a stack. Each cell segment may have a first electrode unit having a first active material electrode, a second electrode unit having a second active material electrode, and an electrolyte layer between the active material electrodes. One or more gaskets may be included in each cell segment to seal the electrolyte within the cell segment. The electrode units may be “dish shaped” and may contain a pressure equalization valve to reduce electrode unit deflection and improve pressure equalization between cell segments. The pressure equalization valve may allow a gas to diffuse through adjacent cell segments and may substantially prevent electrolyte from diffusing through.

Abstract: A cathode for a liquid fuel cell, which is covered with a film that is a liquid fuel barrier, but is permeable to oxygen, or for a direct methanol fuel cell, which is covered with a film that is a methanol barrier, but is permeable to oxygen. The fuel barrier may be made of the polymer of a macrocyclic compound having, in the same molecule, preferably three substituents that allow polymerization and crosslinking. The methanol barrier may be made of a polymerized porphyrin, wherein the porphyrin is chosen from among non-metallated and metallated porphyrins.

Abstract: A substantially dry method of making a gas diffusion electrode such as, e.g., an air cathode for a fuel cell or a metal-air battery cell. The method comprises forming an intimate mixture of catalytically active carbon particles and particles of a wet-proofing agent into a web; combining under pressure the web of with a current collector to form a current collector-web composite; and attaching a porous sheet of a fluorinated polymer to one side of the current collector-web composite of to form an air cathode. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The invention provides an anode capable of relaxing stress due to expansion and shrinkage of an anode active material layer associated with charge and discharge, or an anode capable of reducing structural destruction of the anode active material layer and reactivity between the anode active material layer and an electrolyte associated with charge and discharge, and a battery using it. The anode active material layer contains an element capable of forming an alloy with Li, for example, at least one from the group consisting of simple substances, alloys, and compounds of Si or Ge. An interlayer containing a material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect is provided between an anode current collector and the anode active material layer. Otherwise, the anode current collector is made of the material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect. Otherwise, a thin film layer containing the material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect is formed on the anode active material layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an anode capable of relaxing stress due to expansion and shrinkage of an anode active material layer associated with charge and discharge, or an anode capable of reducing structural destruction of the anode active material layer and reactivity between the anode active material layer and an electrolyte associated with charge and discharge, and a battery using it. The anode active material layer contains an element capable of forming an alloy with Li, for example, at least one from the group consisting of simple substances, alloys, and compounds of Si or Ge. An interlayer containing a material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect is provided between an anode current collector and the anode active material layer. Otherwise, the anode current collector is made of the material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect. Otherwise, a thin film layer containing the material having superelasticity or shape-memory effect is formed on the anode active material layer.

Abstract: A battery can include a housing, a cathode within the housing, and an anode within the housing. The cathode can include a lithium ion active cathode material and a network of conductive metallic material within the active cathode material. The cathode can have a thickness of at least 1 mm.

Abstract: A device and system useful for highly efficient chemical and electrochemical reactions is described. The device comprises a porous electrode and a plurality of suspended nanoparticles diffused within the void volume of the electrode when used within an electrolyte. The device is suitable within a system having a first and second chamber preferably positioned vertically with respect to each other, and each chamber containing an electrode and electrolyte with suspended nanoparticles therein. When reactive metal particles are diffused into the electrode structure and suspended in electrolyte by gasses, a fluidized bed is established. The reaction efficiency is increased and products can be produced at a higher rate. When an electrolysis device can be operated such that incoming reactants and outgoing products enter and exit from opposite faces of an electrode, reaction rate and efficiency are improved.

Abstract: The positive electrode current collector for a manganese dry battery of the present invention comprises a carbon rod, and either one of a paraffin wax containing hydrocarbon whose molecular weight is 300 to 500 and a microcrystalline wax containing hydrocarbon whose molecular weight is 500 to 800, which is impregnated into the carbon rod, is characterized in that the endothermic amount of the paraffin wax or the microcrystalline wax obtained by differential scanning calorimetry up to 45° C. is not more than 1.0 J/g. This enables the manganese dry battery employing the positive electrode current collector of the present invention to keep its sealing performance in a good condition during high-temperature storage even with the use of a low-density carbon rod.