Abstract: Disclosed is a battery cell having positive and negative terminals penetrating the same end of the cell, and equalized internal resistance through all paths connecting electrode modules with the terminals. The equalized resistances insure uniform aging of electrode pairs, thus maximizing the life of the battery. A single equalizing busbar is inserted between the equalized terminal, which can be either the negative or the positive terminal, and that end of the equalized busbar remote from the terminaled end of the cell. The length and linear resistance increment of the equalizing busbar are independent of corresponding parameters for the equalized and non-equalized busbars. The resistance increment between any two adjacent electrode connections along each of the equalized and non-equalized busbars must be the same. A simple way to satisfy this condition is to make the length and linear resistance increment of the equalized and non-equalized busbars substantially equal.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell of a design for reducing or minimizing parasitic self-discharge of the cell during storage and subsequent discharge of the cell. The cell includes a tubular porous carbon cathode structure disposed within a metal housing of the cell and spaced from an anode structure by an insulative separator material. The carbon cathode structure and the anode structure are exposed to an electrolytic solution including a reducible soluble cathode (e.g., thionyl chloride) which is catalytically reduced during discharge of the cell at the surface of the carbon cathode structure.The anode structure includes an elongated, cylindrical lithium electrode located centrally within, and spaced from, the housing, and a thin, bare, flexible metal element at the potential of the lithium electrode and coupled between the lithium electrode and a feedthrough member provided in a top cover of the housing.

Abstract: A light weight lead-acid battery (30) having a positive terminal (36) and a negative terminal (34) and including one or more cells or grid stacks having a plurality of vertically stacked conductive monoplates (10, 20) with positive active material and negative active material deposited on alternating plates in the cell or grid stack. Electrolyte layers (26, 28) positioned between each monoplate are included to provide a battery cell having four sides which is capable of being electrically charged and discharged. Two vertical positive bus bars (42, 43) are provided on opposite sides of the battery cell for connecting the monoplates (10) with positive active material together in parallel current conducting relation. In addition, two negative bus bars (38, 39) on opposite sides of the battery cell each being adjacent the positive bus bars are provided for connecting the monoplates (20) with negative active material together in parallel current conducting relation.

Abstract: A multi cell electric storage battery having an intercell connector manifold sealed within a recess in the battery's cover. The manifold comprises a plurality of conductive lightweight links integral with a nonconductive carrier plate and secured to posts projecting from the battery's cell elements.

Abstract: The present application discloses a layer-built cell comprising: a cell assembly formed by putting together a plurality of elemental cells each having thereon a positive terminal and a negative terminal, such that the positive terminals and the negative terminals of the respective elemental cells are located on the same plane; a first insulating plate disposed on the cell assembly and having therein a plurality of through-bores; connecting pieces located on the first insulating plate and passing through the through-bores to connect the elemental cells to one another in series; a second insulating plate disposed on the connecting pieces and having two through-bores; positive and negative lead pieces passing through and projected from the through-bores in the first and second insulating plates; and a terminal plate disposed on the second insulating plate and having thereon a positive external terminal connected to the positive lead piece and a negative external terminal connected to the negative lead piece.

Abstract: A secondary, high temperature electrochemical cell especially adapted for lithium alloy negative electrodes, transition metal chalcogenide positive electrodes and alkali metal halide or alkaline earth metal halide electrolyte is disclosed. The cell is held within an elongated cylindrical container in which one of the active materials is filled around the outside surfaces of a plurality of perforate tubular current collectors along the length of the container. Each of the current collector tubes contain a concentric tubular layer of electrically insulative ceramic as an interelectrode separator. The active material of opposite polarity in elongated pin shape is positioned longitudinally within the separator layer. A second electrically conductive tube with perforate walls can be swagged or otherwise bonded to the outer surface of the pin as a current collector and the electrically insulative ceramic layer can be coated or otherwise layered onto the outer surface of this second current collector.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having a carbon current collector cathode structure of improved design. The electrochemical cell includes an elongated housing containing an electrolytic solution and a battery stack in contact with the electrolytic solution. The battery stack includes a concentric arrangement of an anode, a porous separator, and a carbon current collector cathode structure. The carbon current collector cathode structure in accordance with the invention includes an elongated cylindrical porous carbon element having a guide opening therein, and a unitary, tapered, generally V-shaped metal current collector element embedded within the porous carbon element. The current collector element includes first and second spaced-apart, elongated, tapered, generally arcuate, resilient spring members joined together at first ends thereby to define a tapered, conical opening therebetween for the receipt therein of electrolytic solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical capacitor with electrodes of activated carbon. Such a capacitor is to be improved in the sense that the electrodes are mechanically stable and also exhibit a large capacity per unit of area. To this end, the invention provides electrodes which consist of glass carbon activated in concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures of up to about 330.degree. C. The electrochemical capacitor according to the invention is suitable for use in electric circuits.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell utilizes a coil assembly formed by spirally winding negative and positive plates together with at least one separator therebetween. Each of the positive and negative plates is constituted by a main portion containing battery active material and an edge portion free of the active material. In the coil assembly, the edge portions of the respective plates protrude outwardly beyond the opposite edges of the separator and positioned on respective sides of the coil assembly. Positive and negative current collectors are made of a holeless nickel-plated steel sheet and welded to the edge portions of the respective plates by means of a plurality of welds.

Abstract: The generator comprises elements mounted in series, each element comprising cells mounted in parallel, each cell comprising a positive electrode composed of a substantially rectangular conductive support, a negative electrode composed of a substantially rectangular conductive support and an electrolyte solution. Each electrode conductive support is connected, notably by welding, over a whole side or the major portion of a side to a metal wire serving as an electrical conductor for said electrode. The generator is useful for supplying electrical traction motors.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for mechanically and electrically interconnecting the individual electrochemical cells for a battery. A cell-holding fixture maintains the cells in fixed relationship and includes a conductive electrode disposed adjacent each terminal to be interconnected. Projecting cell terminals are partially bent about the conductive electrodes by pivotal arms and the fixture is then moved toward the ends of the arms Zto complete the bending of the terminals so that they lie in a common plane. A conductive link is placed over the bent terminals and a pair of welding electrodes, one in contact with the conductive link and the other in electrical contact with the conductive electrode of the fixture, passes a welding current through the link and terminal to effect the weld. The fixture is passed over an adhesive strip applicator for taping together the bottom surfaces of the cells prior to their removal from the fixture.

Abstract: A battery termination structure wherein a connector post is mounted to the battery case in such a manner as to permit clamping of an electrical connector element, such as a ring tongue connector, to the post without substantial clamping strain transmission to the battery case. The connector post is retained in a recess provided in the case by an inturned retainer at the outer end of the recess which serves to prevent withdrawal of the assembly from the recess. The connector post is associated with the case so as to prevent rotation thereof as during connection of the electrical connector element to the post.

Abstract: A battery with improved performance has a collector mechanism which facilitates assembly. The battery has a first centrally located electrode plate, which has a first polarity. Second and third electrode plates having a second polarity are located above and below the first electrode plate, respectively, and are separated therefrom by separator layers. A first outer case forms a terminal of the first polarity and is insulated from the second electrode plate by a first insulating plate. A second outer case is electrically connected to the second and third electrode plates. The first outer case is electrically connected to the first electrode plate by a collector rod which passes through one of the separator layers, the second electrode plate, and the first insulating plate.

Abstract: The present application discloses a battery comprising: an electrode assembly formed by alternately superposing each of at least two electrode plates having one polarity and at least one electrode plate having the other polarity with each of separator layers therebetween; a battery vessel for housing the electrode assembly and constituted by a metallic outer case and a metallic closure cover joined to the metallic outer case; a collector rod having a flange located inside the closure cover, the collector rod passing through a through-bore formed in the closure cover, through an insulating member so that one end of the collector rod is projected from the closure cover; and a metallic ring fitted to the projected portion of the collector rod with an insulating member disposed between the metallic ring and the closure cover.

Abstract: An electric storage cell which includes an electrode block (8) formed by an alternation of active plates of opposite polarities and of separators, each plate being prolonged by a flexible plate lug (12) which projects from one face of the block and acts as a current output, the plate lugs of one polarity being inserted between the teeth (13) of a comb (14) and being welded thereto so as to be stretched between the welds and said face of the block against which the comb presses, the comb being electrically connected to the corresponding output terminal of the storage cell by a flexible connection.

Abstract: A rectangular grid for supporting the active mass of a plate for an electric battery is formed by slitting a metal sheet to produce mutually staggered tiers of cuts, adjacent tiers being separated by distances substantially less than the sheet thickness. Upon a subsequent stretching of the slitted sheet to expand the cuts into generally rhomboidal meshes, the webs bounding these cells are twisted whereby the nodes connecting them, which are formed by the unslitted parts of the several tiers, are tilted onto their sides; with proper dimensioning, the flanks of the tilted nodes are substantially coplanar with the faces of two border strips which extend along the major sides of the rectangle and are formed integral with the grid from unslitted sheet portions. One of these border strips is integral with a terminal tab of reduced thickness extending over slightly less than half the length of that strip.

Abstract: A storage battery is made of thermoplastic synthetic resin by a molding process whereby the electrode reading-out members are placed in advance in a die for molding the electrolyte container body of the storage battery, so that the storage battery has such electrode leading-out members disposed across the lateral wall of the electrolyte container body. A spacing is defined between the surface of each electrode leading-out member facing the inside of the electrolyte container body and the portion of the electrolyte container body around the above-mentioned surface, whereby the region between the inward surface of the electrode leading-out member and the portion of the electrolyte container body therearound are heat-insulated from each other.

Abstract: There is disclosed a long life light weight alkaline storage battery taking the form of a two terminal linear array of cells, the sidewalls, tops and bottom portions of which comprise a pair of molded plastic frames of substantially rectangular section which are joined together in a leak proof manner, with each pair similarly joined to either a similar pair, or to an end frame, while the tube of substantially rectangular sections so formed is compartmented by a series of nickel or nickel plated steel end plates that are entered into the joints between frame pairs during assembly, and that, except in the case of outermost cells, have folded dual porous plate type electrodes, impregnated to be of opposite polarity welded to their opposite sides in such manner that they project perpendicularly from the surface of the end plates to which they are attached and possessing tapered leading edges with the foremost edge unimpregnated to facilitate assembly, there being provision so that, in the assembled battery, withi

Abstract: A unitary welded connection between a projecting leg of a cell connecting strap and collector tabs emanating from the plates of the cell is disclosed, the leg having boss protrusion(s) to eliminate bridge welds.

Abstract: A multi-cell battery constructed of a plurality of frames of insulating material each frame having a number of active battery material areas arranged side by side with a division portion between each material area, the frames being arranged side by side in a direction normal to the plane of the frame with the division portions secured in sealed relation to form partitions between adjacent cells of the battery. The active battery material in respective areas being selected so that adjacent areas in each frame are of opposite polarity and adjacent areas in adjoining frames are of opposite polarity. A barrier frame interposed between and secured to two frames in the assembly forming a chemical and electrical barrier between the active battery material in frames on opposite sides of the barrier member so that the assembly of frames forms two batteries of equal nominal voltage.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a battery in which a plurality of positive and negative electrodes are alternately superposed, with each of separator layers therebetween, in the form of flat package. Through-bores are centrally defined in the electrode having one polarity interposed between a pair of electrodes having the other polarity, and both separator layers sandwiching said electrode having said one polarity. Passed through these central bores is an electrical contact member, of which at least the portion in contact with said electrode having said one polarity, is coated with insulating material. Said pair of electrodes having said other polarity are therefore electrically connected to each other by said electrical contact member. Thus, electric contact between the electrodes having a same polarity may simply be provided, internal short-circuit in the battery may be prevented and the assembling of the battery may be facilitated.

Abstract: The electrodes and separators are assembled into a plate package, which is slipped over a post extending upward from the cell housing bottom. Pole lead-through is provided in the lid, the lead-through includes a rivet and a sealing ring. The edges of the housing bottom and the tip of the post are welded to the lid to close the cell.

Abstract: Pairs of electrodes, each electrode including a plate head electrically connected to a terminal by a thin metal tape. The electrodes are connected together in pairs by the thin metal tapes, and the metal tapes are superposed and fixed onto a terminal by welding, screwing or riveting. Particularly applicable to parallelepipedic alkaline storage cells with sintered plate electrodes on metal strip support cores.

Abstract: A maintenance-free, lead-acid storage battery including substantially antimony-free plate straps cast from an alloy consisting essentially of about 0.01 to about 1.5% by weight cadmium, about 0.4 to 1.5% by weight zinc, about 0.2 to 0.7% by weight tin and the balance lead.

Abstract: A lead accumulator is of the tall constructional kind for use in, for example, stacking or fork-lift trucks, submarines or power stations. To achieve satisfactory current and voltage characteristics for high electrode plates and for production purposes, the plates are formed with current lugs along their side edges. The current lugs of plates of the same polarity are electrically and mechanically connected together by a pole plate of high electrical conductivity extending along the side edges of the electrode plates.

Abstract: A battery including a plurality of electrochemically negatively and positively polarized elements interleaved with each other and a plurality of appropriate interelement battery separators, wherein each of the elements has a foil-like metal tab extending therefrom and welded to like tabs from other elements of like polarity and to the battery terminal. The outermost tab of each tab bundle is longer than the other tabs and the free end thereof is folded back against the remainder of the tab and on the outside of the tab bundle for engagement by the welding electrode during welding.

Abstract: A lead storage battery terminal is constructed of copper or aluminum sleeving, which may be clad with lead, and is sealed into the terminal aperture in the battery lid. The bottom of the sleeve is closed and permanently attached to the lead pole bridge.

Abstract: The plates of each polarity of an alkaline battery are connected by a sheet metal connector which passes through a slot in the bottom of a well formed in the battery lid, and which is supported by means of a pair of ears projecting from the connector which rest on the lid. Each connector is secured against vertical movement by abutment of the ears against the upper surface of the lid and by abutment of a respective plate strap to which each connector is welded against the lower surface of the lid. Horizontal movement in one plane is prevented by the provision of a shoulder on the lid on each side of each ear, and in the other plane by abutment of the connector, or the ears, against the edge of the well or a further shoulder respectively. The slots are sealed by means of a sealant which fills the wells. Upstanding ribs are provided on the upper surface of the lid so as to increase the length of the leakage path between neighboring cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to electric cells which may comprise, for example, two trough-shaped elementary units mounted in a casing, each elementary unit comprising a relatively concavo-convex or trough-shaped positive electrode of compressed, plastified or sintered material, tightly sandwiched between two thin concavo-convex trough-shaped negative electrode parts obtained by folding a single electrode sheet around the positive electrode. Application of the invention is non-exclusively to alkaline storage cells.

Abstract: The electron-conducting, ion-insulating connector of this invention comprises a sandwich structure of two layers of a thin, flexible graphite sheet having interposed therebetween an electrically-conductive polymer. These connectors are particularly suitable for use in paste electrode capacitors wherein the electrodes are composed of either carbon or metal particles in admixture with a liquid electrolyte.

Abstract: An improved secondary battery or cell of the type having: (A) one or more anodic reaction zones containing a molten alkali metal reactant-anode in electrical contact with an external circuit; (B) one or more cathodic reaction zones containing (1) a cathodic reactant which, when said battery or cell is at least partially discharged, is selected from the group consisting of (i) a single phase composition comprising molten polysulfide salts of said anodic reactant and (ii) a two phase composition comprising molten sulfur and molten sulfur saturated polysulfide salts of said anodic reactant; (C) a cation-permeable barrier to mass liquid transfer interposed between and in contact with said anodic and cathodic reaction zones; and (D) electrode means within said cathodic reaction zone for transporting electrons to the vicinity of said cation-permeable barrier during discharge of said battery or cell and for transporting electrons away from the vicinity of said cation-permeable barrier during charge of said battery o

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical cell employing a liquid active cathode material in conjunction with an active metal anode and an elastically deformable carbonaceous cathode collector in the form of a slotted annular bobbin.

Abstract: A lead acid battery suitable for high power application, having elements comprising a plurality of positive and negative plates which are composed of grids formed with band-shaped portions at one end facing to the side wall of container, and layered one upon another with separators put therebetween in such a way that the respective band-shaped portions for the positive plates and negative plates respectively face to the opposing side walls of the container, the positive plates and the negative plates being respectively connected at least at a part of the length of said band-shaped portions to thereby form straps.