Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 comprising a nonaqueous electrolytic solution 20; positive and negative plates 34 and 36 in contact with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution 20; a separator 38 disposed between the positive and negative plates 34 and 36; a first lead 18a having one end connected to the positive plate 34 and the other end extending to the outside; a second lead 18b having one end connected to the negative plate 36 and the other end extending to the outside; and a sealed bag 14 for sealing therein the positive and negative plates 34 and 36, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution 20, the separator 38 and parts of the first and second leads 18a and 18b; wherein the sealing bag 14 has a hot-melt resin layer 24, a metal layer 22 disposed outside the hot-melt resin layer 24, and an electrolytic-solution-barrier insulating layer 26 disposed between the hot-melt resin layer 24 and metal layer 22.

Abstract: A unitarily molded, snap-on heat shield for a standard automotive battery container having handle brackets extending from opposing side walls of the container, the heat shield having wedge-shaped coupling protrusions extending inwardly from cantilevered flaps in the heat shield side walls, the wedge-shaped protrusions riding along the handle brackets to cantilever the flaps away for the container side wall as the shield in moved downward over the container, the flaps snapping back inward toward the battery container as the protrusions pass the handle bracket to couple the heat shield to the battery container.

Abstract: A multicell, lead-acid battery having spiral-wound cell elements and capacity adapters is disclosed, the battery comprising a container having a plurality of cell cavities, each cell cavity having a volume adapted to receive a spiral wound cell element of a specific maximum electrochemical capacity, a spiral-wound cell element being disposed in each cell cavity having a capacity less than the specific maximum capacity and of a size smaller than a cell element having the specific maximum capacity, thus creating a void volume in the cell cavity in which it is disposed, and a capacity adapter being disposed in each cell cavity which occupies at least a portion of the void volume.

Abstract: An article of manufacture is disclosed comprising an electrochemical cell having a positive electrode, an absorber-separator and a negative electrode wherein at least one of the electrodes or absorber-separator comprises a porous polyvinylidene fluoride. The porous polyvinylidene fluoride electrodes have an electrode material combined therewith, and the porous polyvinylidene fluoride absorber-separator has an electrolyte material combined therewith.

Abstract: A storage battery assembly includes a plurality of electrochemical cells bundled in side-by-side fashion together in a row and electrically connected in series with each other by means of generally elongated electroconductive connecting pieces each connecting a pole terminal of a pair of pole terminals of an electrochemical cell with another pole terminal of a pair of pole terminals of a next adjoining electrochemical cell. Each electrochemical cell includes a generally rectangular box-like electrolyte vessel having an opening, an electrode structure accommodated within the electrolyte vessel and including positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, a quantity of electrolyte accommodated within the electrolyte vessel, a top lid enclosing the opening of the electrolyte vessel, and pole terminals protruding outwardly from the respective top lid.

Abstract: A leak-proof rechargable lead-acid battery cell contains a passage in cooperation with a one-way valve which allows gas to escape from the interior of the battery cell when it exceeds a predetermined pressure. In addition, electrolyte can be replenished by extending a syringe needle through suitable apertures and piercing a self-sealing rubber plug.

Abstract: Battery packaging construction of flexible plastic barrier structures which are useful for battery cells or battery packs, to protect the active battery components from outside contamination. One or more battery cells or packs are packaged between multi-layered barrier structures which may be extruded or laminated construction, are joined by heat sealing, and each include at least a first layer which is a sealant layer, a second layer which is a water vapor barrier layer, a third layer which is an oxygen barrier layer, and an outside layer, which can be one of the above layers, or a separate layer to provide increased mechanical strength to the package.

Abstract: A module for liquid electrolyte, electric energy storing devices. The module includes a double-walled container having an innerwall and an outerwall and a rim. The container includes a first well for holding liquid electrolyte electric energy storing devices and which is defined by the inner wall. The container also includes a first electrolyte reservoir having a shelf and a lid for covering the first reservoir. The innerwall and outerwall define a second electrolyte reservoir which surrounds the first electrolyte reservoir so that the first and second reservoirs are in nested relationship. The reservoirs are designed so that a physical puncture of the module will cause the electrolyte from the first reservoir to mix with the electrolyte from the second before it leaks from the module.

Abstract: A thin film battery including components which are capable of reacting upon exposure to air and water vapor incorporates a packaging system which provides a barrier against the penetration of air and water vapor. The packaging system includes a protective sheath overlying and coating the battery components and can be comprised of an overlayer including metal, ceramic, a ceramic-metal combination, a parylene-metal combination, a parylene-ceramic combination or a parylene-metal-ceramic combination.

Abstract: A split-shell enclosure for a storage battery for motor vehicle includes identical first and second enclosure members which are dimensioned to fit around the battery, forming a shell structure, that is open at its top and bottom and partially encloses the battery on two sides and completely encloses the battery on the other two sides, forming a heat shield for protecting the battery from hot underhood temperatures, the enclosure members being adapted to snap together upon installation and to be held together by interlocking tongue and groove portions of mating sides of the enclosure members, upper portions of the enclosure members being disposed in juxtaposed relation with the handle brackets of the battery so that if the battery is lifted by the enclosure, the enclosure members will engage the handle brackets of the battery and the battery will effectively be lifted by its handle brackets and no load will be placed on the latches that hold the two sections of the enclosure together, and lower portions of the

Abstract: A coated metal sheet for alkaline dry cell positive electrode cans, comprising a metal sheet covered via a chromate film, preferably a chromate film containing carbon black, with a coating film mainly composed of at least one of an epoxy resin, an epoxy-acrylic resin and a polyester resin, containing at least one of graphite powder having a purity of not less than 95%, an aspect ratio of not less than 50 and an average particle diameter of not larger than 50 .mu.m and carbon black having an oil absorption of not less than 250 ml/100 g as measured using DBP, or a coating film further incorporated with a cross-linking agent. This coated metal sheet may be only worked by drawing to produce the positive electrode cans.

Abstract: An improved case is provided for a lithium/metal sulfide battery. The improved case is arranged such that the largest surface, corresponding to the side of a traditional cell case, is left open. The remaining five sides of the case can be formed in a drawn form from a single sheet of metal. The electrode plates can be provided within this drawn case and a cover can then be welded to the case to form the cell assembly. Utilizing the side of the cell case rather than the top of the cell case provides easier handling and installation of the electrode plates within the cell case.

Abstract: A storage battery is provided which includes a casing and a cover secured to the casing. The cover includes a body having a top surface and a peripheral skirt; the top surface having a plurality of vent apertures, at least one negative terminal and at least one positive terminal, and an elongated recess having a bottom, four side walls and an open top. The negative and positive terminals have extensions exposed at opposite ends of the recess, and a state-of-charge indicator assembly is mounted in the recess and electrically connected to the negative and positive terminal extensions. The state-of-charge indicator assembly is sealed in the recess by relatively thin adhesive seal or membrane applied over the open top and adhered to the top surface of the cover. The membrane is provided with percent charge and test switch indicia thereon.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte electrochemical cell comprises a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte, a positive electrode case and a negative electrode case. The positive electrode case comprises a high-grade corrosion resistibility stainless steel having a pitting index between 30.5 and 45, the pitting index being calculated by the formula Cr %+3.times.Mo %+16.times.N %. An enhanced pressure sealed electrochemical cell can be manufactured in which the production cost of the positive electrode case is reduced and the productivity of the electrochemical cell improved by suppression of anodic oxidation of the positive electrode case.

Abstract: A method of assembling a bipolar lead-acid battery includes assembling the electrochemical components necessary to provide the necessary voltage and capacity, maintaining the electrochemical components under the desired compression and then sealing such electrochemical components as a unit utilizing various assembly components. The resulting bipolar battery in the preferred embodiment includes an electrolyte fill/vent box that seals the top of the electrochemical component unit and a vacuum box that seals the bottom surface.

Abstract: A valve-regulated, maintenance-free lead acid battery has plate compartments which are substantially surrounded by chambers that contain electrolyte absorptive material. Electrolyte droplets escaping through the pressure relief valves of the battery are directed to flow over the absorptive material in the chambers and are absorbed by it, while evolved gas escapes through a vent without appreciable pressure drop. The chambers also protect the plate compartments from impact and absorb electrolyte which might otherwise leak from the plate compartments.

Abstract: An encapsulation apparatus is provided for a thermal management system for at least one battery. The apparatus comprises a housing including an inner wall defining a receptacle for the battery. The inner wall is positioned in thermal contact with the battery. The housing further comprises an outer wall in spaced-apart relationship with the inner wall to define an enclosure therebetween for receiving a phase change material.

Abstract: A sealed lead acid battery having a thermostat or thermal protector as a protector of battery from heat is provided, which comprises a battery container comprised of cell chambers each containing a cell element. A terminal box is provided at the end of the battery container. The battery container is provided at the end thereof with the terminal box. The thermostat or thermal protector is mounted in the terminal box to be highly sensitive to heat, thus protecting the lead acid battery from heat. In the terminal box are inserted a pair of charge and discharge terminals and the thermostat or thermal protector, so that safe positioning of the thermostat or thermal protector and good heat conduction from the cell element to the thermostat or thermal protector are secured.

Abstract: Exposure or lack of adequate protection for the terminal portion of a battery against the environment is remedied by a protective `boot`, which is formed of a waterproof pliable material and is configured to fit snugly over the casing of the battery and seal the terminal portion of the battery against the surrounding environment. The battery `boot` may be molded from a rubber material or plasticized polyvinylchloride in the form of a cap portion and a sidewall portion integral with the cap portion. The sidewall portion is shaped to conform with an outer surface portion of the battery casing and is dimensioned such that, when the cover is pliably stretched so as to fit over the battery, the cap portion covers the terminals of the battery, while the sidewall portion fits tight against the battery casing and seals the outer surface portion of the battery against the entry of moisture, foreign matter and the like.

Abstract: A battery package for a thin battery includes a flexible base film that covers and encloses the battery and a flexible layer of an inorganic material such as silicon nitride, aluminum nitride or aluminum oxide deposited on the base film to encapsulate and seal the battery. The base film is formed of a flexible polymer material such as polyester that may be attached to the battery using a heat activated adhesive. The layer of inorganic material is deposited on the base film utilizing a low temperature CVD deposition process either before or after the base film is attached to the battery.

Abstract: A multi-layer label for a dry-cell battery, having an outer layer comprised of non-shrinkable plastic material.

Abstract: A cover device for a storage battery includes a sub-cover that includes a flat bottom with a plurality of first vent-holes, a top portion and a connecting wall which interconnects the flat bottom and the top portion to define a space therein. The cover device further includes a plurality of tubes, each of which having n open end which is connected to each of the first vent-holes of the flat bottom and a closed end which is plugged into a respective inlet-hole of a main cover of the storage battery so as to close the inlet-hole, and a second vent-hole which is formed in the sub-cover and which communicates the space in the sub-cover with an exterior of the same.

Abstract: A protective and at least in part heat-insulating cover for a battery, especially an automobile battery disposed in an automobile, having a pleasing appearance, and having a molded, rigid plastic support with at least a top wall and side walls, which walls are sufficiently rigid so as to be self supporting. Heat insulation is disposed on at least a portion of at least one wall and an envelope of plastic material encloses the insulation. Attachments attach the envelope to at least a portion of at least one wall.

Abstract: A cover assembly for a maintenance-free lead-acid battery consists of various fitted sections. A primary cover is secured to a battery and provides for gases to escape from the battery as well as electrolyte to flow to the battery. A gas condensation chamber is secured to the primary cover and contains escaped gas received from the battery. A handle is fitted into the primary cover and is inserted through a secondary cover which is fitted over the primary cover, the gas condensation chamber and the handle. Two synthetic or ceramic microporous disks are fitted into the gas condensation chamber in order to avoid flame or spark penetration into the battery. The battery is opened by cutting into a U-slot provided on the secondary cover for access to the cells of the battery. A lever provided on the secondary cover allows the handle to lift through the secondary cover when the lever is depressed.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid cell includes a container, a plurality of positive and negative plates alternately interleaved with one another and disposed to opposite ends of the container, primary end cover in sealing engagement with the container which includes electrically conductive means for electrically coupling the lugs of like polarity plates and which is in electrical communication with a terminal post.

Abstract: A flat, rigid sheet of predetermined configuration is provided for insertion between each end cell element and the corresponding container end wall of a battery during production line manufacturing. The battery is thus protected from the harmful effects resulting from the flexing of the container end walls due to oscillating hydraulic pressure of the electrolyte contained within the outermost cells of the battery.

Abstract: An improved battery pack is provided for short term battery power operation of a medical instrument such as an infusion pump. The battery pack comprises a substantially closed and compact housing one or more rechargeable batteries inaccessibly encased therein, with the battery pack housing being adapted for mounting directly onto the casing of an electronic medical instrument. The batteries are mounted on a base plate beneath a foil shield and a housing cap, both of which are attached to the base plate in a manner precluding nondestructive removal thereof and thereby substantially preventing access to the batteries. The assembled battery pack housing includes seal members for preventing passage of any gases discharged from the batteries into the medical instrument casing, and further defines at least one vent for exhaust passage of such gases to the exterior of the battery pack and medical instrument.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell having a temperature-activated vent in series with a pressure-activated vent. The inner cover of the inner cell housing has an upstanding rim around a central pressure release vent. The outer cover that closes the outer cell container has an annular area pressed against this rim and sealed to the rim by a heat fusible solder to form a temperature-responsive vent mechanism in series with the pressure-responsive vent.

Abstract: A plastic leak resistant and corrosion resistant end cover and contact for a battery having an electroless plated layer of nickel, tin or an alloy of nickel and tin on the surfaces thereof so that when in place in a battery it forms a conductive path for carrying current from inside the battery to the outside. A battery employing at least one of the afore described end cover.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a gas vault structure for a storage battery having one or several cells enclosed in a housing, each cell containing electrolyte and monopolar plates and/or bipolar plates separated from one another by separator plates and coated with positive and/or negative mass, along with requisite electrical connectors interconnecting cells and/or plates. The gas vault structure is arranged to serve as an inner core for producing a gas space during casting of the housing of the storage battery, and/or of the cover, and/or of the partitions separating the cells.

Abstract: A storage battery provided with an inverted U-shaped cover located over the generally flat top wall of the battery casing. The ends of the cover are open so that the space between the cover and the top wall of the battery casing communicates with the atmosphere. The cover is sufficiently flexible so that a downward force on the cover, even when applied repeatedly, can substantially flatten the cover against the top wall of the casing without cracking the cover. The cover is also sufficiently resilient so that upon removal of the downward force, the cover can return to its original inverted U-shape even after being maintained in a flattened condition for a substantial period of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a galvanic cell having a failsafe circuit interrupter means for electrically isolating one cover terminal of the cell from the cell's electrochemical system when the closed end of the container of the cell bulges beyond a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A batting box formed of a mixture of hard rubber crumb and a liquid resin binder.

Abstract: An insulating battery cover is configured to be locked into place by insertion of either one of a pair of connectors making contact with the battery. The cover is designed for use with batteries having insertion-type terminals configured to accept inserted connectors. A pair of shell-forming projections are provided integral with the housing and configured to accommodate the battery terminals when the cover is in place. An aperture in each projection is configured to allow insertion of the associated connector. Portions of the cover local to the projections are provided, and arrestingly engage exterior insulating portions of the connectors to hinder removal of the cover unless both connectors have been removed.

Abstract: A storage battery provided with a cover located over the top wall of the battery casing, the cover being vented so that any gases within the space between the cover and top wall can flow to the atmosphere. An end shield is located alongside each end wall of the battery casing, each end shield being spaced from its respective casing end wall. The cover and end shields may be integrally formed as a single piece of molded plastic, or the end shields may form part of a continuous band surrounding the side and end walls of the casing. Side panels may depend from the sides of the cover and extend alongside the side walls of the battery casing. Each side panel has portions extending beyond the end edges of its respective casing side wall the end shields being supported by the extending portions of the side panels. Legs may extend underneath the battery casing from the lower edges of the side panels so as to secure the cover and end shields to the battery casing.

Abstract: A battery of one or more electrochemical cells comprises in a metal cell box having a metal double-walled cell lid with a leadthrough of an electrically insulating material and a leadthrough pin, which lid is sealed hermetically to said box, a negative electrode of an alkali metal, a positive electrode and an electrolyte which comprises a corrosive constituent. The cell lid has such a shape that a chamber is formed which is sealed from the ambient. Both walls have a leadthrough of an electrically insulating material and a leadthrough pin.

Abstract: A battery is disclosed which comprises a container having a plurality of cell cavities and folded generally flat electrodes in each of the cavities. A container cover is affixed to the container to seal the cell cavities. In order to provide a fluid-tight battery, the container cover includes a plurality of electrically-conductive inserts sealed therein which form intercell electrical connections and the electrical connections between the cells and the battery terminals.

Abstract: A storage battery provided with a cover, having an inverted generally U-shaped cross-section, located over the top wall of the battery casing, both ends of the cover being open. The cover may be formed integrally with the casing top wall, or it may be a separate member. If a separate member, resilient straps or other retaining elements are employed to secure the cover to the battery casing, and ribs or other positioning elements carried by the cover engage the casing and space the cover from the casing top wall. Preferably, the cover is semi-cylindrical, is imperforate, and if a separate element, may be flexible.

Abstract: An external battery pack held in sealing engagement with electronics equipment by a safety latching assembly including a guide frame having a strike plate slideably engaged therein with the strike plate held in an operative position by a shear pin constructed to shear when internal gases in the battery reach a sufficient pressure. Shearing the pin allows the strike plate to move to an open position wherein the battery is vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A sealed galvanic cell comprising a container and a cover having a coiled electrode assembly disposed in the container. The coiled electrode assembly has an inner exposed electrode of one polarity and an outer exposed electrode of the opposite polarity. A flexible electrically conductive member secured to the cover makes electrical contact with the inner exposed electrode and exerts a radially outward force therein while the outer exposed electrode makes electrical contact with the wall of the container.

Abstract: A two-piece cover for galvanic cells wherein the inner cover has at least one aperture therein through which electrolyte may be quickly dispensed and absorbed into a container having cell components therein in a manner which effectively prevents the sealing surfaces of the cell from being wetted by electrolyte.

Abstract: A sealed galvanic cell having a top cover assembly comprised of an inner cover having at least one aperture therein through which electrolyte can be dispensed into the cell and through which a conductive tab, in electrical contact with one of the cell's electrodes, is passed and held in electrical contact with a conductive outer cover by the clamping coaction of the two covers.

Abstract: A storage battery, particularly adapted for automotive applications, includes unique cover, venting and terminal constructions which, in their various embodiments, can accommodate virtually any automobile cable arrangement. Each of the several embodiments utilizes an identical container, electrode construction, intercell assembly and venting arrangement. Various types of exterior battery terminals, accommodating both conventional pressure clamps and threaded connectors, are connected to the battery electrodes through an intermediate primary cover. An outer secondary cover encloses the entire top of the battery, except for direct access to the exterior terminals, and the venting assembly is totally enclosed between the primary and secondary covers.

Abstract: An electric battery has one or more cells in a single container and an outer lid. The container and the outer lid have respective divergent engagement surfaces comprising the lower surface of a ledge on the container and the upper surface of a slot in the lid respectively. Fastening means comprising a channel section clip with divergent limbs is placed in contact with the engagement surfaces and slid in the direction in which they diverge to secure the outer lid firmly to the container.

Abstract: A galvanic element of buttom cell configuration is provided, in addition to the usual seal of thermoplastic material between cell terminal and cell cup, with an additional seal. This fills the annular gap which is created when a contact cap surrounding the galvanic element is attached to the cell terminal.The second seal is made, for example, by casting of bitumen or casting resin into the annular gap, shaking in of synthetic plastic powder and subsequent heat treatment for attachment, or by displacement of a heat sensitive glue from the contact cap in response to pressing into the cell. Also, pre-fabricated ceramic rings with metalized surfaces, which are soldered in place betweeen cell cup and contact cap, may be used as the second seal.

Abstract: A maintenance-free lead storage battery comprises a container closed by a lid and containing an acid electrolyte together with a block of positive plates, negative plates and separators. The block of plates and separators is tightly packed in a case which is immersed in the electrolyte and which has openings in those of its walls which are in close contact with end ones of said plates.

Abstract: A rechargeable portable lead-acid battery for use in providing electrical power to portable devices such as lanterns and the like, the battery particularly including an improved container and cover, an improved battery post construction and an improved electrical assembly.

Abstract: A battery package for a thin battery includes a flexible base film that covers and encloses the battery and a flexible layer of an inorganic material such as silicon nitride, aluminum nitride or aluminum oxide deposited on the base film to encapsulate and seal the battery. The base film is formed of a flexible polymer material such as polyester that may be attached to the battery using a heat activated adhesive. The layer of inorganic material is deposited on the base film utilizing a low temperature CVD deposition process either before or after the base film is attached to the battery.