Abstract: This invention is a method of making negative battery plates in a continuous process, in which a skeletal grid is cast continuously to have the structure of a number of plate grids side by side and longitudinally integrally connected together in the casting. After casting the skeletal grid is pasted, tissues are applied on either side, and then the grid is cut by slitting and transversely to separate the composite grid into separate pasted battery plates.

Abstract: A conductive substrate wherein the major surfaces thereof are embossed and wherein coated on at least one of the major surfaces is a sintered porous metal powder coating, and preparation of the substrate. The substrate is especially suitable as an electrode in an electrolytic cell when the substrate includes an electrochemically active material within the pores of the sintered porous metal powder coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a titanium wire reinforced lead composite electrode support structure for use in lead-acid batteries comprising a titanium wire reinforced cast lead composite having titanium wires embedded in a cast lead matrix. The composite support structure may be made in the form of a lead grid for use in Faure type batteries, as a support structure for tubular type batteries, or as plates for use in Plante type batteries.

Abstract: A pasted Pb-acid storage battery plate having a plurality of dimples formed in the surface(s) of the plate in the center of the grid openings defined by the grid wires. A dimpling process relocates active material from the centers of the active material pellets to the sides thereof more proximate the surrounding grid wires with a consequent increase in surface area and active material utilization efficiency.

Abstract: Discloses a cast grid for supporting active mass in a lead-acid battery and gathering current from the active mass, the grid being characterized by a quasi-radial design adapted to provide efficient battery operation.

Abstract: Substrate for nickel-hydrogen battery electrode is etched from nickel sheet metal to provide inner and outer rims 54, 56 for self centering, a tab 62 on which a lead can be welded and properly distributed openings through conductors for optimum ion flow and electric conduction.

Abstract: Battery grid-making stock expanded laterally outwardly from an unexpanded strip at the center of the stock and having two unexpanded strips at the lateral edges of the stock is filled with battery reactant and cut along a serpentine path transverse the length of the stock such as to segment the stock into a plurality of two-plate sets having lugs carved out of the unexpanded strips and projecting in the longitudinal direction of the stock. Thusly made plates have their lugs projecting from the sides of the plates and in alignment with the top and bottom borders thereof.

Abstract: Substrate for nickel hydrogen battery electrode is etched from nickel sheet metal to provide inner and outer rims 54, 56 for self centering, a tab 62 on which a lead can be welded and properly distributed openings through conductors for optimum ion flow and electric conduction.

Abstract: An improved porous electrode for use in electrochemical cells, particularly for use in fuel cells. The electrode is of the kind comprising a porous layer containing carbon and a non-polar resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and an electrically conducting screen acting as a collector. To prevent early collector deterioration the collector material is covered with an electrically conductive protective layer, which consists either of an electrically conductive resin or of a non-conductive resin in which conductive particles, such as graphite particles, have been incorporated.

Abstract: A laminated alkaline battery grid has two thermoplastic outer gridwire network layers and a thermoplastic inner gridwise network layer sandwiched between the outer layers. A plurality of elongated intersecting welds extend as narrow channels in criss-cross fashion across the faces of the grid and bond the networks together. The channels are defined by walls formed by the fusion and exudation of the thermoplastic from the networks during welding and serve to divide the networks into a plurality of substantially symmetrical gridwire pockets. A metal coating on the gridwires and walls renders the thermoplastic grid conductive.

Abstract: A metal/synthetic-resin composite electrode for a storage battery or the like comprises a perforate metal support which is flanked on both sides by openworks of polyolefin, e.g. partially fluorinated polyolefin, which are welded together within the openings of the support and carry the active material. The polyolefin openworks, together with the active material, are covered in turn with polyester fabric or polyester felt permeable fine porous cover layers.

Abstract: A storage battery grid consisting of a frame having a lug on the upper edge thereof and spaced from a corner of the frame, a set of wires parallel to one another connecting the side edges of the frame, and a set of radial arms diverging away from the upper edge to connect that upper edge to each of the other three edges of the frame.

Abstract: An electrode grid comprising a sintered mat or felt of graphite fibers which are coated with a mixture of from about 85 to less than 100 weight percent of nickel and from more than zero to about 15 weight percent of phosphorous, the graphite fibers having a density greater than 1.8 gm/cm.sup.3. The grid is attached to an electrical connector and then impregnated with an active material such as nickel hydroxide or cadmium hydroxide to form an electrode.

Abstract: A metal/synthetic-resin composite electrode for a storage battery or the like comprises a perforate metal support which is flanked on both sides by openworks of polyolefin, e.g. partially fluorinated polyolefin, which are welded together within the openings of the support and carry the active material. The polyolefin openworks, together with the active material, are covered in turn with inorganic-fiber fabric or felt permeable fine porous cover layers. The inorganic fiber, although preferably glass, can also be mineral wool or asbestos fiber.

Abstract: A pasted or pressed plate for an electrolytic cell or battery having an electrically conductive, perforated substrate with embossed major surfaces.

Abstract: A composite electrode for storage batteries and the like comprises a metal current-carrying support provided with a surface array of perforations and covered on opposite sides with perforate synthetic-resin layers of net, screen, fabric or the like. These synthetic-resin layers are fused together at points through the openings of the metal support. The synthetic-resin layers may form retaining pockets for the active mass and the latter may be covered on both sides or one side of the electrode with additional layers of porous synthetic-resin material, preferably a fleece or mat of nonwoven synthetic-resin fibers.

Abstract: A lead-sulfuric acid storage battery in which one or both of the grids supporting the cathodic and anodic reactants comprises a base of iron, nickel or an alloy thereof, having a coating of tin-nickel alloy with a layer of lead thereover.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrode structure for an electrochemical cell comprising a fibrous support made of organic polymeric material, which is 0.1 to 3 mm. thick, carrying a pattern of solid conductors extending over the surface of the porous support from a current take off region to regions spaced therefrom, and containing electrochemically active material deposited on the fibrous support, in contact with the conductors, in an amount of at least 0.1 grams/sq. cm/mm thickness in such a manner that electrical energy produced by the electrochemical reaction can be conducted out of the electrode. Also disclosed are methods and apparatus for making the structure.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrode for an alkaline accumulator by applying an active mass to a metallic grid such as iron which includes preparation of an active mass comprising a black iron ore concentrate, iron oxide, synthetic fibre, ferrous technical iron, an aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, a surface active agent, and an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, said polyvinyl alcohol being heated prior to addition with a dehydrating agent such as a concentrated sulfuric acid in a ratio of 1:5 of sulfuric acid to polyvinyl alcohol. The resulting active mass is rubbed into a grid made of a steel band, and dried for 15 to 20 minutes at a temperature of from 110.degree. to 180.degree. C until the dehydration of polyvinyl alcohol corresponds to 25-30 mol.% of double bonds.

Abstract: An improved battery plate comprises a grid or web of woven non-conductive material having lead metal or other electrically conductive material wires as some of the weft and possibly some of the warp threads. By alternately applying positive and negative active materials at laterally spaced locations across a wide web of such material and gathering portions of lead wires to form terminals, plate pairs are produced which are joined by a length of woven material of suitable strength for supporting the plates in a battery. Thus, pure lead metal wires may be used for improved electro-chemical properties, while simultaneously a great reduction in plate weight is achieved. A method of making such plates is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composite battery plate grid comprising a plastic support molded to engage portions of a metallic conductive member. Using first and second mold halves, the conductive member is cast in a first pattern in the first and/or second mold halves. The plastic support is then injection molded in a second pattern in the first and/or second mold halves. In the alternative, after casting the conductive member in the first pattern, the second mold half is replaced by a third mold half with the conductive member remaining in the first mold half, and the plastic support is injection molded in a second pattern in the first and/or third mold halves. In all cases, during injection molding, the plastic material is caused to flow at selected portions of the conductive member, where, upon solidifying, the plastic support engages portions of the conductive member.

Abstract: A pasted or pressed plate for an electrolytic cell or battery having an electrically conductive, perforated substrate with embossed major surfaces.

Abstract: Relates to battery grids for storage battery plates of the accumulator type, wherein the grids are initially die cast-injection molded in joined pairs of lead and plastic in a single mold. Each grid of the pair includes a plastic latticework with a lead conductor embedded therein, and a common lead lug extends between the grids and is connected at its ends with the conductors. Plastic lugs extend outward from opposite sides of the pair of grids to facilitate support of the grids during transport through subsequent manufacturing (pasting, drying, etc.) to form battery plates. The plastic lugs are later severed from the grids, and the lead lugs are cut in half between each pair of grids to form two separate battery plates, with each half of the severed lead lug providing a separate lug for each plate.

Abstract: A sealed lead acid cell is disclosed which has electrodes comprising metallic supports which minimize the evolution of hydrogen and resist deformation under their own weight, and which are separated by at least one layer of separator material, the capacity of the negative electrodes is arranged to be at least as great as the capacity of the positive electrodes, the thickness of the electrodes is less than 3mm, the thickness of the separator is in the range of 10 to 200% of the thickness of the electrodes, and the volume, E, of electrolyte in the cell in relation to the sum of the pore volume of the separators, X, and the pore volume of the positive and negative active materials, Y, is not greater than 2X + Y.

Abstract: An improvement in electric accumulator cells having a dissoluble electrode (e.g., a zinc electrode) and a counter-electrode (e.g., nickel electrode) is disclosed. The dissoluble electrode is formed by a central layer having outer layers disposed on either plane side thereof. The outer layers are generally smaller in planar size than the central layer and preferably all of the layers are porous, perforated or netlike. The multi-layer electrode has particular utility in a cell in which the dissoluble electrode and/or separator disposed between the dissoluble electrode and counter-electrode are vibrated in the plane of the electrode. Dendrite growth and shaping of the deposited active material are substantially minimized and improved cell life is obtained.

Abstract: A battery electrode structure of flat configuration comprises a cast mass of electrochemically active material, said mass having contained therein and exposed opposite surfaces thereof an open-mesh electrically conductive structure adapted for connection to a battery terminal. An open-mesh electrically conductive support member in the mass and in contact with the exposed electrically conductive structure maintains electrical conductivity throughout discharge to ensure maximum use of the active material.

Abstract: A cathode contact member is disposed at the interface between the molded tubular cathode shell and the interior side walls of the metallic container in an alkaline round cell, the contact member being at least partially embedded in the tubular cathode shell and making permanent electrical connection with the metallic container.

Abstract: An improved rectangular shaped lead-acid storage battery grid comprises in combination, tapered vertical grid wires, tapered side and top frame wires, additional vertical grid wires disposed between the tapered vertical grid wires and two diagonal grid wires which extend from the grid portion containing the additional grid wires to the side and bottom frame wires. Not all the vertical grid wires are tapered. The last of the tapered vertical grid wires is spaced from the side frame wire adjacent the lug, a distance of more than approximately 30 per cent and up to approximately 50 per cent of the entire length of the top frame wire. The additional vertical grid wires extend downwardly from the top frame wire a distance of approximately 30 to 50 per cent of the length of the side frame wire. A battery cell made up of this type of grid has approximately 5 to 10 per cent increased high amperage discharge rate compared to a battery having a standard type of grid.

Abstract: A porous, preferably negative, electrode for alkaline accumulators, characterized by the fact that its electro-chemically active inner surface amounts to between 1 and 20 sp.m. per gram for a volume porosity of between 30 and 85% and that its pore interval ranges between 0.15 and 1.0 .mu.m.

Abstract: A lead acid battery suitable for high power application, having elements comprising a plurality of positive and negative plates which are composed of grids formed with band-shaped portions at one end facing to the side wall of container, and layered one upon another with separators put therebetween in such a way that the respective band-shaped portions for the positive plates and negative plates respectively face to the opposing side walls of the container, the positive plates and the negative plates being respectively connected at least at a part of the length of said band-shaped portions to thereby form straps.