Abstract: Disclosed is a delivery unit (3) for an anode circuit (9) of a fuel cell system (1) for delivering a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, from an anode region (38) of a fuel cell (2), said delivery unit (3) comprising at least one jet pump (4) and being at least indirectly fluidically connected to the outlet of the anode region (38) by means of at least one connection line (23, 25) and being fluidically connected to the inlet of the anode region (38) by means of an additional connection line (27). According to the invention, in addition to the jet pump (4), the delivery unit (3) comprises a recirculation fan (8) and a metering valve (6) as other components, and the flow contours of the components (4, 6, 8) for the gaseous medium and/or the components (4, 6, 8) are at least almost entirely arranged in a common housing (7).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gasket assembly that can be manufactured with improved productivity and can dramatically reduce maintenance costs, and a fuel cell humidifier including the same. A gasket assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is provided for a fuel cell humidifier including a mid-case, a cap fastened to the mid-case, and at least one cartridge disposed in the mid-case and accommodating a plurality of hollow fiber membranes.

Abstract: A fuel-cell hydrogen recycling system, comprising a fuel cell; a controller; a hydrogen recycling pipeline provided with a hydrogen circulating pump and a check valve; an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline connected to the fuel cell, respectively; a hydrogen inlet pipeline provided with a hydrogen inlet valve; and a hydrogen outlet pipeline provided with a hydrogen outlet valve, with the hydrogen recycling pipeline connected to the hydrogen inlet pipeline, wherein the system further comprises a gas-liquid separating reservoir, which comprises a reservoir positioned at its upper portion and a gas-liquid separator positioned at its lower portion communicated with each other vertically, the reservoir is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the hydrogen recycling pipeline, respectively, and the gas-liquid separator discharges exhaust water and redundant nitrogen through a exhaust pipeline that is provided with a ventilation valve.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a temperature acquisition unit that acquires a temperature at a specific position in a vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system; a purge unit that purges the fuel cell when an operation of the fuel cell is stopped; and a control unit that acquires the temperature at the specific position from the temperature acquisition unit at least once from when the fuel cell system is stopped until the fuel cell system is started again, and uses the temperature at the specific position to determine whether purging at a stop by the purge unit is necessary when the fuel cell system is stopped next.

Abstract: A housing that houses a fuel cell system including: a hydrogen storage unit; a fuel cell stack that generates electric power using hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage unit; a pipe that connects the hydrogen storage unit and the fuel cell stack; and a power storage unit, the housing includes: an upper surface portion; a plurality of side surface portions; a ventilation hole, provided with the upper surface portion, configured to ventilate an inside and an outside of the housing; a ventilation hole, provided with a side surface portion of the plurality of side surface portions, configured to ventilate the inside and the outside of the housing; and an air supply device configured to discharge air taken in through one ventilation hole of the ventilation hole of the upper face portion and the ventilation hole of the side face portion from the other ventilation hole.

Abstract: A method for assembling a fuel cell humidifier can include steps of providing a first humidifier plate and a humidifier membrane. The first humidifier plate can have a first top plate surface. The humidifier membrane can have a bottom membrane surface. The bottom membrane surface of the humidifier membrane can be disposed on the first top plate surface of the first humidifier plate. The first humidifier plate can be partially melted. This can permit the first top plate surface of the first humidifier plate to permeate into the bottom membrane surface of the humidifier membrane. The first humidifier plate can be cooled, which can fuse the first top plate surface of the first humidifier plate with the bottom membrane surface of the humidifier membrane.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a first valve device provided at an oxidation gas supply channel; a second valve device provided at an oxidation off-gas discharge channel; a third valve device provided at a bypass channel; an abnormality detection unit configured to detect an abnormality; and a control unit. The control unit causes the fuel cell to initiate fail-safe power generation if (i) a different abnormality from a valve opening abnormality is detected in the first valve device, (ii) the different abnormality is detected in the second valve device, or (iii) any abnormality is detected in the third valve device. During the fail-safe power generation, if any abnormality is additionally detected in any valve device different from the valve device in which an abnormality is already detected, the control unit stops power generation by the fuel cell.

Abstract: A method for starting a fuel cell in a fuel cell system, at temperatures below the freezing point of water, includes, in a first step, that the hydrogen concentration in the anode is increased; after which, in a second step, an anode pressure is increased for a fixed period of time, and while air is supplied to the cathode, the maximum possible current is drawn from the fuel cell, and after which, in a third step, the fuel cell is switched in a load-free manner and the anode pressure is reduced. After the third step, the second step and the third step are repeated successively until a sufficient performance of the fuel cell for its normal operation is reached.

Abstract: In a fuel cell system, for example HTPEM fuel cells, especially for automobiles, a multi-stream heat exchange unit is employed in order to save space.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system includes providing an anode exhaust from a fuel cell stack to a water injector, supplying water to the water injector, and injecting the water from the water injector into the anode exhaust to vaporize the water and generate a humidified anode exhaust.

Abstract: A fuel cell humidifier may completely or substantially completely prevent condensate water from entering a running fuel cell stack. The fuel cell humidifier includes a housing; a plurality of hollow fiber membranes arranged in the housing; a cap which is coupled to one end of the housing and has an air discharge port for supplying humidified air to the fuel cell stack; and a bypass tube for transferring condensate water generated from the humidified air to an interior space of the housing through which a discharge gas flows, wherein a first end of the bypass tube is disposed inside the air discharge port, and the bypass tube is in fluid communication with the interior space of the housing through a second end of the bypass tube.

Abstract: A gas and liquid separator includes a first separating portion configured to separate a liquid droplet from a first exhaust gas discharged from a negative electrode of a fuel cell, a first container accommodating the first separating portion, a first storage reservoir storing water flowing down from the first separating portion, a second container provided at a lower side of the first storage reservoir, a second storage reservoir provided at a lower portion of the second container, and a valve apparatus including a valve discharging water stored in the first storage reservoir, wherein a second exhaust gas discharged from a positive electrode flows in the second container, and water discharged from the first storage reservoir is stored in the second storage reservoir.

Abstract: A pump for a fuel cell includes a pump portion, a motor, a controller, a housing, and a temperature detector. The controller executes an activation control and a sensorless vector control. In the activation control, the controller executes a cold activation mode process when the outside air temperature is less than or equal to a set temperature. In the cold activation mode process, the controller executes at least one of increasing a value of an activation current supplied to the motor relative to when a normal activation mode process is executed or setting a supply duration of the activation current to the motor to be longer than that of when the normal activation mode process is executed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas-liquid separator (2) for separating at least one liquid component, in particular H2O, from a gaseous component, in particular H2, the separator comprising at least one container (6) which is supplied with a medium via an inlet (16), at least the liquid component of the medium being separated in at least one container (6) and the separated component of the medium being discharged from the at least one container (6) via a discharge valve (46) with the remaining gaseous component of the medium, in particular H2, being recirculated into an outflow line (5) via a first outlet (18). According to the invention, in addition to the liquid component, in particular H2O, a gaseous component N2 is separated from the medium by the gas-liquid separator (2).

Abstract: A thermally integrated hotbox apparatus combining a steam reformer, a plurality of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks, a plurality of oxidant manifolds, and at least one heat extractor. The steam reformer occupies a central position in the hotbox, around which are disposed in spaced-apart relation a plurality of SOFC stacks. A burner may be associated with the steam reformer, either within or outside the hotbox. An oxidant manifold is disposed between each pair of adjacent SOFC stacks. A heat exchanger is incorporated between an SOFC stack and an oxygen manifold. The hotbox design optimally captures thermal heat from the SOFC stacks for use in producing steam and operating the endothermic steam reformer. The apparatus reduces duty cycle of the burner, which produces heat and steam needed for operation of the endothermic steam reformer.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, hydrogen gas system auxiliary devices disposed outside the fuel cell stack, and air system auxiliary devices disposed adjacent to the hydrogen gas system auxiliary devices. The hydrogen gas system auxiliary devices include injectors, upstream side auxiliary devices provided on the upstream side of the injectors in the flow direction of hydrogen gas, and downstream side auxiliary devices provided on the downstream side of the injectors in the flow direction of the hydrogen gas. The upstream side auxiliary devices are disposed at positions farther away from the air system auxiliary devices than the downstream side auxiliary devices.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that comprises an SOFC that generates power as a result of an oxide gas being supplied to an air electrode and a fuel gas being supplied to a fuel electrode, a plurality of exhaust fuel gas discharge lines that discharge, into the atmosphere, exhaust fuel gas that has been discharged from the fuel electrode, exhaust fuel gas discharge valves that are respectively provided to the plurality of exhaust fuel gas discharge lines, a plurality of exhaust oxide gas discharge lines that discharge, into the atmosphere, exhaust oxide gas that has been discharged from the air electrode, exhaust oxide gas discharge valves that are respectively provided to the plurality of exhaust oxide gas discharge lines, and a control device that, when stopping the SOFC, closes the exhaust oxide gas discharge valves before the exhaust fuel gas discharge valves.

Abstract: A fuel cell apparatus is provided to improve air transfer performance in a fuel cell and disperse a load acting on a gas diffusion layer to improve durability. A flat contact portion is secured with respect to the gas diffusion portion to prevent the gas diffusion layer from being damaged and deformed.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for detecting and lessening fuel starvation conditions in an operating fuel cell system. The fuel cell systems comprise a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell with a regulating apparatus for regulating the pressure of fuel supplied to the anode inlet of the fuel cell, in which the outlet pressure from the regulating apparatus oscillates during operation. The methods involve monitoring an electrical output of the fuel cell during operation, determining the amplitude of oscillation in the electrical output, and then, if the determined amplitude of oscillation in the electrical output exceeds a predetermined amount thereby indicating a fuel starvation condition, taking a remedial action to lessen the fuel starvation condition.

Abstract: An elastomeric cell frame for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes, as a cell frame constituting a unit cell of a fuel cell, an insert including a membrane electrode assembly having an anode formed on one surface of a polymer electrolyte membrane, and having a cathode formed on the other surface thereof, and a pair of gas diffusion layers disposed on both surfaces thereof; and an elastomeric frame disposed to surround the rim of the insert in the outer region of the insert, and formed with a discharge flow field provided in the form of a sheet bonded at the rim of the insert and the interface thereof while being thermally bonded and for discharging generated water generated in the insert along the longitudinal direction at the widthwise edge.

Abstract: A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack configured to react hydrogen and oxygen, a hydrogen supply passage for supplying hydrogen, a hydrogen circulation passage for returning anode waste gas discharged from an anode to the hydrogen supply passage, a hydrogen circulation pump, has an inlet and an outlet, and operates to circulate the anode waste gas, a waste gas discharge passage for discharging the anode waste gas, a first discharge valve, a gas-liquid separator, a water discharge passage, a second discharge valve configured to put the water discharge passage into an open or a close state, and a control unit to switch the first discharge valve and the second discharge valve into an open or a close state, and the control unit performs control to deviate a period when the first discharge valve is open and a period when the second discharge valve is open from each other.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a conductive sidewall. An aperture may be formed in the sidewall. The sidewall may have a cavity that extends from the aperture towards the interior of the device. The cavity may be filled with an injection-molded plastic substrate. A dielectric block having a dielectric constant greater than that of the injection-molded plastic substrate and the antenna layers may be embedded in the injection-molded plastic substrate. The dielectric block may at least partially overlap an antenna. The antenna may convey radio-frequency signals at a frequency greater than 10 GHz through the cavity, the dielectric block, the injection-molded plastic substrate, and the aperture. The dielectric block may increase the effective dielectric constant of the cavity, allowing the antenna to cover relatively low frequencies without increasing the size of the aperture.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, an injection device configured to inject anode gas, an ejector mechanism through which the anode gas injected from the injection device flows, a circulation path configured to return the anode gas, discharged from the fuel cell, to the ejector mechanism, a supply path configured to supply the anode gas, discharged from the fuel cell together with the anode gas injected from the injection device from the ejector mechanism, to the fuel cell, and a controller.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a first stack including a plurality of first fuel cells stacked on each other, and a second stack including a plurality of second fuel cells stacked on each other and disposed on one side of the first stack. Each of the first stack and the second stack includes a fuel inlet hole, through which fuel to be supplied to anodes of the respective first and second fuel cells is introduced, a fuel discharge hole, through which the fuel passing through the anodes is discharged, an air inlet hole, through which air to be supplied to cathodes of the respective first and second fuel cells is introduced, and an air discharge hole, through which the air passing through the cathodes is discharged. The fuel cell stack divided into the two stacks increases a charging ratio of hydrogen at the anodes of the respective stacks.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fuel cell system capable of maintaining hydrogen density of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system at a level below the tolerance limit so that any fears about fire and/or explosion can be dispelled and the safety of the system can be remarkably improved, and a humidifier therefor. The fuel cell system of the present invention comprises a fuel cell stack; and a humidifier configured to (i) humidify an air supplied from outside by means of an off-gas discharged from the fuel cell stack and (ii) supply the humidified air to the fuel cell stack, wherein the off-gas is mixed with at least a portion of the humidified air in the humidifier.

Abstract: A fuel cell humidifier includes a membrane module accommodating a humidifying membrane, a first cap coupled to a first side of the membrane module and supplying a supply air to the humidifying membrane, and a second cap coupled to a second side of the membrane module and discharging a humidified supply air from the humidifying membrane to a cathode of a fuel cell stack. An exhaust gas inlet is coupled to the membrane module and provides an exhaust gas discharged from the stack and an exhaust gas outlet is coupled to the membrane module and discharges a dehumidified exhaust gas, which passes through the membrane module, to an exhaust system. A valve provides selective communication between a first region, where the supply air flows, including the first and second caps and a second region, where the exhaust gas flows, including the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes first and second fuel cells each generating electric power using fuel gas and oxidant gas, first and second fuel gas supply devices supplying the fuel gas, first and second circulation paths circulating the discharged fuel gas to the first and second fuel cells, a communication path communicated with the first and second circulation paths, an opening/closing device causing the first and second circulation path to be communicated or to be disconnected by opening/closing the communication path, and a controller configured to determine whether there is a possibility of flooding, and when determining that there is the possibility of flooding, suspend power generation of one of the first and second fuel cells while maintaining supply of the fuel gas, and cause the opening/closing device to make the first and second circulation paths be communicated with each other.

Abstract: A fuel cell system comprises: a gas-liquid separator separating exhaust gas of a fuel cell stack into a liquid component and a gas component and storing liquid water of the liquid component; a circulation pipe; a drain pipe discharging the liquid water; and a drain valve opening and closing the drain pipe. In an end scavenging process that is executed when operation of the fuel cell system is finished, the control unit opens the drain valve when a valve opening condition for the drain valve is satisfied. The valve opening condition is set such that an amount of the liquid water stored in the gas-liquid separator at the time the drain valve is opened in the end scavenging process is larger than an amount of the liquid water stored in the gas-liquid separator at the time the drain valve is opened during normal operation of the fuel cell system.

Abstract: A humidity transfer assembly includes a pressure vessel and a humidity transfer device disposed in the pressure vessel. The humidity transfer device includes an enclosure, a first inlet line fluidly coupled to the enclosure and configured to supply anode exhaust thereto, a first outlet line fluidly coupled to the enclosure and configured to output anode exhaust therefrom, and a second inlet line fluidly coupled to the enclosure and configured to supply feed gas thereto. The humidity transfer device is configured to transfer steam from anode exhaust to feed gas and to output feed gas into the pressure vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel cell (100) comprising an anode chamber (10) for supplying a fuel-containing gas mixture, a cathode chamber (20) for supplying an oxygen-containing gas mixture, and a membrane (30) for transporting fuel ions from the anode chamber (10) into the cathode chamber (20). For this purpose, according to the invention, the membrane (30) has a graduated water permeability.

Abstract: The invention provides a matrix material for the gas diffusion layer of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, which is composed of three-dimensional porous and strip-shaped hexagonal chambers connected to each other, wherein the six-sided ribs are composed of two metal layers, the inside is metal nickel, and the outside is tungsten-nickel alloy. The total mass of metal per square meter of the material is: 1500˜3000 grams, the mass content of metal nickel in the material is 88˜92%, the mass content of metal tungsten is 8˜12%, and the rest are impurities; the thickness of the matrix material is 0.1˜0.2 mm, specific surface area is (1˜2)×105 m2/m3; longitudinal air permeability ?2000 m/mm/(cm2hmmAq), longitudinal thermal conductivity ?1.7W/(m·k), transverse thermal conductivity ?21W/(m·K). The porous nickel-tungsten metal material of the invention, as the matrix material of the gas diffusion layer, has the advantages of lower electrical resistance and higher strength compared with carbon paper.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell generating electricity when being supplied with anode gas and cathode gas; a supply channel through which the anode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell flows; a discharge channel through which anode-off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows; a discharge valve provided on the discharge channel and opened to discharge the anode-off gas; and a control section controlling opening/closing of the discharge valve. The control section calculates a valve open time of the discharge valve corresponding to a target value of a discharge amount of the anode-off gas by using an aperture ratio of the discharge channel and the target value, and closes the discharge valve based on the valve open time, the aperture ratio of the discharge channel being calculated from a first discharge amount of the anode-off gas, which is discharged by opening of the discharge valve.

Abstract: A supply channel through which an oxygen-containing exhaust gas discharged from a fuel cell stack is supplied to an exhaust gas combustor is branched so as to provide an oxygen-containing exhaust gas bypass channel through which the oxygen-containing exhaust gas is discharged to the outside in a manner to bypass the exhaust gas combustor. In the structure, the exhaust gas flow rate of an exhaust gas discharged through a condenser (saturated water vapor quantity) is suppressed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cooling and heating system utilized in a vehicle using a fuel cell configured to generate electricity with hydrogen and oxygen supplied thereto as a power supply source, wherein a power supply source apparatus of a conventional hydrogen fuel vehicle is utilized as the cooling and heating system and wherein a heat exchanger necessary in the process of heat-exchanging liquefied hydrogen is utilized as a heating means and cool air generated in the process of cooling high-temperature coolant discharged after cooling the fuel cell through a heat exchanger is utilized as a cooling means.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system includes providing an anode exhaust from a fuel cell stack to a water injector, supplying water to the water injector, and injecting the water from the water injector into the anode exhaust to vaporize the water and generate a humidified anode exhaust.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly with minimized interfacial resistance between an electrode and an electrolyte membrane. For instance, a catalyst admixture including a catalyst composite including a catalyst and a first binder, and a second binder may be applied to a porous substrate and the porous substrate may be impregnated with the second binder, thereby minimizing interfacial resistance between the electrode and the electrolyte membrane and reducing a thickness of the electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A unit cell for a fuel cell is provided. The unit cell includes an insert including a Membrane-Electrode Assembly having a first pair of electrode layers formed on a first surface of a polymer electrolyte membrane and a second pair of electrode layers formed on a second surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane, an elastomer frame bonded at a rim of the insert in an outer area of the insert, the elastomer frame having a reaction surface through-hole in which the insert is disposed formed therein and having a plurality of frame manifold through-holes, through which a reactant gas can flow or be discharged, formed at both sides of and spaced apart from the reaction surface through-hole, and a pair of separators, each separator disposed on a respective side of the insert and the elastomer frame.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a regenerator, an oxidant feed path, a gas discharge path, and a heat exchanger. The fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode and reduces a mediator with the cathode. The regenerator oxidizes, with an oxidant, the mediator reduced by the cathode. Through the oxidant feed path, the oxidant is guided to the regenerator. Through the gas discharge path, the gas present inside the regenerator is guided out of the regenerator. The heat exchanger heats the oxidant by exchanging heat between the oxidant flowing in the oxidant feed path and the gas flowing in the gas discharge path.

Abstract: A method of measuring a water level in a water trap of a fuel cell system, the method including outputting a detected water level of a capacitive level sensor having a plurality of electrodes in the water trap. The method includes resetting a reference output value of each electrode and determining the water level depending on the speed at which water is introduced while detecting the water level in the water trap depending on an output value measured by the plurality of electrodes. Thereby, the influence of temperature and electrode differences is removed.

Abstract: According to the invention, a method for parallel condensation and evaporation is provided for a fuel cell system with a condensation/evaporation device. In this case, the condensation-evaporation device (KVV) has a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber, which are thermally coupled to one another via a heat exchanger so that water vapor contained in the condensation chamber in exhaust gas of a fuel cell stack is condensed into water and in the evaporation chamber a liquid fuel of a two-phase mixture comprising the liquid fuel and a gas phase, are at least partially vaporized to fuel vapor. In this case, the energy required for evaporation is at least partially provided by waste heat from an exhaust gas of a fuel cell stack of a fuel cell and the associated energy withdrawal from the exhaust gas of a fuel cell stack is used for condensation. The present invention is characterized in that the gas phase comprises a carrier gas which is CO2.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is generally directed to fuel cells. In one example of the technology, a fuel cell stack that includes an anode and a cathode causes a load to be driven. A control subsystem is measures at least one characteristic associated with the load, and to provide at least one control signal based, at least in part, on the at least one characteristic. An oxidizing agent input subsystem provides an oxidizing agent to the cathode of the fuel cell stack. A fuel input subsystem provides gaseous fuel to the anode of the fuel cell stack. The fuel input subsystem includes a fuel pump that is arranged to pump the gaseous fuel into the fuel input subsystem. A fuel-side high-speed valve adjusts mass flow of the gaseous fuel to the cathode of the fuel cell stack based on at least a first control signal of the at least one control signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for starting an embedded apparatus, and an apparatus, and are applied to the field of embedded technologies, so as to improve a start speed of an embedded apparatus. The method is: A development and compilation apparatus divides a program of a system of an embedded apparatus, where the divided program includes a fast start loader and program segments corresponding to different services. In this way, after compilation and linking are performed on the program segments obtained by division to generate a system image file of the embedded apparatus, the embedded apparatus may first load the fast start loader after downloading the image file, then load one or more services in the image file one by one based on service requirements of different services by using the fast start loader, and then run the one or more loaded services.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a compressor; a supply adjusting valve adjusting an amount of air to be supplied; a bypass valve adjusting a flow rate of the air passing through the bypass flow passage; a flow rate measuring unit measuring a flow rate of the air; a pressure measuring unit measuring a pressure of the air; an opening control unit outputting an opening control signal for controlling degrees of opening of the supply adjusting valve and the bypass valve; a rotation speed control unit outputting a rotation speed control signal for controlling a rotation speed of the compressor; and a determination unit determining that the bypass valve is stuck open when the flow rate is less than a flow rate threshold value, and determines that pipe disconnection has occurred when the flow rate is equal to or greater than the flow rate threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a humidifying and cooling apparatus for a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a humidifying and cooling apparatus for a fuel cell for actively and effectively performing a cooling and a humidification control of supplied air, when high-humidity air is supplied to a fuel cell stack in an air supplying apparatus for a fuel cell for supplying an appropriate humidity to the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: A gas and water discharge unit for a fuel cell system that can be prevented from freezing even when it is formed using resin material. The unit includes a gas-liquid separator for separating produced water from fuel off-gas discharged from a fuel cell device, a gas and water discharge valve disposed downstream of the gas-liquid separator, and a resin unit body integrally formed with the gas-liquid separator and the gas and water discharge valve, in which the inside of the unit body includes a first channel with a valve seal at an end thereof on the gas and water discharge valve side, the first channel allowing communication between the gas-liquid separator and the gas and water discharge valve, a second channel communicating with the first channel via the gas and water discharge valve, and a heated water channel surrounding at least one of the first or second channel.

Abstract: Stainless steel with improved hydrophilicity and contact resistance for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) separator, and a method of manufacturing the stainless steel Stainless steel are disclosed. Stainless steel for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) separator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: by weight percent, 0 to 0.02% of C (excluding 0), 0 to 0.02% of N (excluding 0), 0 to 0.25% of Si (excluding 0), 0 to 0.2% of Mn (excluding 0), 0 to 0.04% of P (excluding 0), 0 to 0.02% of S (excluding 0), 20 to 34% of Cr, 0 to 0.6% of V (excluding 0), 0 to 0.5% of Ti (excluding 0), 0 to 0.5% of Nb (excluding 0), and the remainder comprising iron (Fe) and other unavoidable impurities, wherein a plurality of patterns may be formed on a surface of the stainless steel in a direction that is inclined with respect to a rolling direction, and the plurality of patterns are arranged repeatedly in the rolling direction.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes: a cell stacked body in which a plurality of fuel cells are stacked in multiple layers; and an end plate by which the plurality of fuel cells are fastened, the end plate including an open end plate disposed at one end of the cell stacked body and a closed end plate disposed at another end of the cell stacked body, wherein the open end plate includes a gas inlet delivering a reactant gas supplied from an outside of the fuel cell stack to the cell stacked body, a gas outlet discharging the reactant gas having passed through the cell stacked body to the outside of the fuel cell stack, and a bypass channel connecting the gas inlet to the gas outlet to guide condensed water introduced to the gas inlet to the gas outlet, the bypass channel partially curved to allow the condensed water to be collected.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell system including: a fuel cell; an anode gas supply device; a pressure sensor; a discharge valve; an estimation unit that estimates an anode gas concentration; and a control unit.

Abstract: A method for removing residual water in a fuel cell stack includes: blocking, by an air compressor, air supply to a fuel cell stack upon shutting down of fuel cell; measuring a cell voltage of the fuel cell stack while the air supply is blocked; estimating an amount of residual water in the fuel cell stack based on the measured cell voltage of the fuel cell stack; and removing, by a driving controller, the residual water in the fuel cell stack by driving the air compressor based on the estimated amount of water.

Abstract: First, a reaction gas is supplied to a fuel cell stack including a laminate of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells and power generation is performed so that a temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches 65° C. or higher (heating power generation step). Next, the reaction gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack and the power generation is performed under a condition in which relative humidity is 100% or more (cleaning power generation step). Cooling water of room temperature may be supplied to the fuel cell stack from the outside before the cleaning power generation step is performed after the heating power generation step is completed, or after the cleaning power generation step is completed (quenching step).