Abstract: A metal-air battery assembly having plurality of free standing metal-air cells forming a cell group within a battery case assembly. Each free standing cell has flexible, compressible walls capable of containing electrolyte, the walls comprising air cathodes including cathode current distributors. Each cell has a split anode assembly and current. The anode assembly has one or more reactive anode fuel plates and an anode current collector. Each of the cells is free standing and easily replaced. The battery case assembly has a mechanism for compressing the cells when the lid is closed and releasing the cell group for servicing when the lid is open.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing charging and discharging efficiency of a battery. A battery is provided having electrodes and an electrolyte. The electrodes are connected to a charging or discharging circuit and at least one electrode is mechanically manipulated during the charging or discharging.

Abstract: The galvanic battery of the present invention supplies the anode and/or cathode from an elongated strip of flexible tape preferably interconnected through a strip of inactive material functioning as a leader for said tape and for separating the tape entering the electrochemically active compartment of the battery housing from spent tape exiting the electrochemically active compartment. The battery is preferably constructed to include a supply reel having a rotatable core upon which said strip of tape is wound in a cylindrical configuration with the inner winding of tape extending from said core and being threaded through said electrochemically active compartment before being connected back into the electrochemically inactive compartment and wound as the outer winding around the core of the supply reel.

Abstract: A calculator includes a shell defining two slots. The calculator uses a switch and a power supply. The switch includes two tubular portions projecting therefrom and being slidably received in the slots so that the switch can be moved between ON and OFF positions. The power supply uses a plate defining two apertures. Two screws are inserted through the apertures and secured in the tubular portions, thus joining the switch with the plate for retaining the switch on the shell. A casing is received in the shell so that the plate is enclosed in the casing. At least one container is formed on the casing and defining an inlet through which aqueous solution of salt can be filled into the container and an outlet through which the casing is in fluid communication with the container. At least one pair of positive and negative electrodes is attached to the plate. At least one absorber is received in the casing.

Abstract: A storage battery cell based on the principle of the oxygen cycle, having a block-shaped, gastightly sealed cell housing in which the rectangular electrode plates of different polarity are stacked. The electrode plates are electrically connected via current collector lugs to positive and negative terminal pillars of corresponding polarity passed through the wall of the same housing side. In order to achieve a longer service life of the cell, the electrode plates are arranged in parallel with the housing wall of the terminal pillars and are enclosed in an equidistant manner on all four peripheral sides of the electrode plates by the walls of the cell housing. All the electrode plates have in each case a central hole on whose inner edge the current collector lugs are mounted, the current collector lugs being routed elastically in the duct formed by the central holes to the terminal pillars of the corresponding polarity.

Abstract: A high capacity, long cycle life positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising: a solid solution nickel hydroxide material having a multiphase structure that comprises at least one polycrystalline .gamma.-phase including a polycrystalline .gamma.-phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one chemical modifier incorporated around the plates, the plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2.sup.+ oxidation state and a 3.5.sup.+, or greater, oxidation state; and at least one compositional modifier incorporated into the solid solution nickel hydroxide material to promote the multiphase structure.

Abstract: A storage battery structure is disclosed including electrodes which are moved relative to each other during operation. The electrodes also have areas that are both different in size, with ratios that are variable. The battery structure includes a first electrode which is fixed in a container. An electrolyte material is also included in the container. A second electrode is moved past the fixed electrode in the container and battery action such as discharge occurs between proximate areas of the first and second electrodes. A third electrode may be provided in the container to recharge the second electrode as areas of the second electrode are moved past the third electrode at the same time that other areas of the second electrode are being discharged at the first electrode. Furthermore, the ratio of the third electrode area to the first electrode area is much larger than 1, resulting in a recharge time that is much faster. The improvement in recharge speed is given by that area ratio.

Abstract: A method and electrolytic catalytic cell that chemically modifies the structure of hydrocarbon fuels in which the cell is immersed, by the electrolytic, electromotive catalytic action of preferably platinum cathodic and zinc anodic elements movably continually contacting and circulating the fuel, giving rise to evenness in ignition and completion of combustion with elimination of noxious by-products largely by combination with the hydroxyl ions formed by the catalytic action.

Abstract: A power module of the type including a plurality of power cells arranged in a longitudinal stacked relation. Each power cell includes a frame, a gas-consuming cathode supported at one end of the frame and a consumable anode supported intermediate the ends of the frame by a flexible diaphragm spanning the frame. The diaphragm divides the frame into a chamber for the introduction thereinto of an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode, and an expansion chamber on the opposite side of the anode for the introduction thereinto of fluid under pressure. The pressurized fluid biases the anode toward the cathode during anode consumption, and the diaphragm provides for longitudinal and angular movement of the anode to accommodate uneven corrosion of the anode. The frames of adjacent cells define a third chamber therebetween for the introduction of consumable gas to the cathode.

Abstract: An electric battery consisting of an electrolyte-containing chamber and an anode as well as a cathode in contact with the electrolyte in the electrolyte-containing chamber. A suspension of zinc is in the electrolyte-containing chamber and the suspension is circulated in the chamber, by a pump or stirring element. The chamber may also be provided with turbulence-generating members consisting, e.g., of a helical band attached to the wall of an electrode or a ribbon shaped electrode being helically wound in one plane. The zinc particles are preferably supported by cellulose fibers and may be surrounded by a thin hydrophilic layer acting as a porous resistant layer. Preferably the battery is provided with temperature control element. One of the electrodes consist of a porous copper strip and a nickel layer partially converted into nickel oxide-nickel hydroxyde and forming the active material deposited upon the strip.

Abstract: An edge seal for a lithium or other consumable metal anode comprises a hydrophobic, chemically inert polymer coating having a high ratio of flexural modulus to flexural strength, a low Izod impact value, and low elongation properties.

Abstract: A power module assembly of the electrochemical battery type. The assembly is formed of a plurality of individual monopolar cells which are mounted in stacked relation between a pair of end plates. Each cell is generally self-contained except for the electrolyte supply, and includes a slidably mounted anode which is held in constant contact with a cathode plate by a pressure bag assembly. The side faces of the anode are sealed against electrolyte flow so as to segregate adjacent cells against power robbing eddy currents.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for electrochemically producing electricity. Ion contivity is established between an oxygen-reducing electrode, and adjacent ion pervious insulating membrane, a paste which has flow characteristics comprising particles of an oxidizable metal and a liquid electrolyte, and an inert electrode in physical contact with said paste. In said paste, the metal particles are in an amount constituting from 60% up to the critical pigment volume composition. The metal paste is moved from a first reservoir through the electrochemical battery wherein it is oxidized to the corresponding metal oxide paste and passed to a second reservoir. The battery may be recharged by reversing the movement and electrolyzing, or by reducing the metal oxide paste in an external circuit.

Abstract: Two spaced electrodes having a load in an external circuit connected between them are disposed in an electrically conductive liquid, and energy is imparted to the liquid in such manner that energized free electrons in the liquid excite free electrons which flow into one electrode to a greater degree than in the other electrode, thereby causing electric current to flow in the external circuit through the load.

Abstract: In a reactive metal-water electrochemical battery, means for minimizing the destructive erosion of the reactive metal anode material on those anode surfaces not being actively employed in the operation of the battery. More particularly, in one embodiment, the non-working anode surfaces are maintained in intimate relationship with the battery casing to prevent the eroding electrolyte from contacting the non-working surfaces. In another embodiment, the electrolyte is confined to the working surface of the anode by means of flexible seals which protect the non-working surfaces.