Abstract: Described herein is a liquid electrostatic ink developer assembly comprising a developer roller having a surface coating, the surface coating comprising a polyurethane resin formed from a polyol; a hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane; and a polyisocyanate. Also, described herein is a liquid electrostatic printing apparatus comprising the liquid electrostatic ink developer assembly.

Abstract: Here is described a method of printing on a plastic substrate, the method comprising: providing an electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid, and particles comprising a resin, and a slip agent dispersed in the carrier liquid; forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface; contacting the surface with the electrostatic ink composition, such that at least some of the particles and the slip agent are transferred to the surface to form a developed toner image on the surface; and transferring the toner image to the plastic substrate. Electrostatic ink compositions and plastic substrates are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The composition includes a charge director, a non-polar carrier fluid comprising a polymer; and ink particles each including a polymeric resin and a pigment dispersed in the resin. The ink composition also includes a tackifier.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed an electrostatic ink composition. The composition may comprise: pigment particles; a dispersant; a carrier liquid; a charge director comprising lecithin or a sulfate-based lipophilic moiety; and a tackifier which is dissolved in the carrier liquid.

Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion suitable for use in a toner composition includes contacting at least one polyester resin optionally with an organic solvent to form a resin mixture, adding a primary amine, optionally a surfactant, and deionized water to the mixture.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a liquid electrophotographic ink. The ink includes a liquid vehicle, an ethylene acid copolymer, and an ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid C1-10 alkyl ester copolymer. Also disclosed is a method for the manufacture that ink and a method for performing a liquid electrophotographic process by printing a substrate with the ink.

Abstract: Processes for continuously producing a wax dispersion are disclosed. A multi-screw extruder is used for the processes. A wax and a surfactant are fed into the extruder and melted together. Water is then added to form a dispersion. The wax particles are homogenized and exit the extruder to be passed through a quenching unit. The wax dispersion can be used to make toner compositions.

Abstract: Polymeric porous particles have a continuous solid phase and at least two sets of discrete pores that are isolated from each other within the continuous phase and that have different average sizes. One set of discrete pores has a larger average size than another set of discrete pores by at least 50%. At least one set of discrete pores is free of detectably different marker materials. There porous particles can be prepared using evaporative limited coalescence techniques with especially chosen discrete pore stabilizing hydrocolloids to protect the pores during formation and to provide the different average sizes.

Abstract: There is provided an emulsion coloring material which can be used on ordinary paper, has good color developability, and can be used for conventional erasable pens or printing inks of black or blue color, having sufficiently high densities. When use is made of an erasable emulsion coloring material capable of controlling color development and decolorization by the presence or absence of the interaction between a chromatic material and a color developer, the colored emulsion comprising a copolymer resin of at least one unit selected from styrene and styrene derivatives and at least one unit selected from an acrylic acid ester and a methacrylic acid ester having a substituent which comprises a carbon chain having 4 or more carbon atoms, coloring ability can be enhanced.

Abstract: To provide a toner containing toner base particles, in each of which a colorant and a releasing agent are encapsulated with a binder resin, where the toner base particles are obtained by the method containing: mixing and emulsifying a mixture containing the binder resin, the colorant, the releasing agent, and an organic solvent in an aqueous medium in the presence of resin particles, wherein the aqueous medium contains a surfactant and an inorganic salt.

Abstract: A toner, wherein the toner is obtained by washing a toner particle dispersion liquid which is obtained by adding cellulase to a dispersion slurry, and the dispersion slurry is obtained from a dispersion liquid or an emulsion of a toner material-containing oil phase in an aqueous medium, and wherein the dispersion liquid or the emulsion contains a cellulosic dispersion stabilizing agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a composition having a disperse phase finely dispersed in a continuous phase with low polydispersity, the method which is excellent in production efficiency This object is achieved by a method for producing a composition having a disperse phase finely dispersed in a continuous phase, the method comprising the steps of: (A) supplying a swirl flow of a continuous phase liquid into a cylinder having a circumferential surface partially or wholly composed of a porous membrane; (B1) jetting a disperse phase fluid through the porous membrane into the swirl flow to form a fluid column extending from a surface of the porous membrane into the cylinder; and (B2) by means of a shear force of the swirl flow, cutting off a part of the fluid column at a position with a distance of 2P to 10P in a radial direction from the surface of the porous membrane, where P is an average pore size of the porous membrane.

Abstract: A magnetic polymer particle develops a magnetic latent image. The magnetic polymer particle includes a magnetic component, a polymer, and a colorant. The magnetic component is a magnetic particle containing iron having a number average particle diameter of from about 0.2 ?m to about 1.2 ?m. The magnetic particle is contained in one magnetic polymer particle in an amount of from 1 to 10 particles. The number average particle diameter of the magnetic polymer particle is from about 2.0 ?m to about 7.0 ?m.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbodiimide type compound having high dispersibility and dispersion stability of pigments, fine resin particles, and pigment-resin composite fine particles particularly in a silicone dispersion medium; a pigment dispersion composition and a pigment-resin composite fine particles-containing dispersion composition preferably usable in a wide range of fields such as inks for solvent ink jet, liquid developers, and the like by using the compound; and a liquid developer using such a pigment dispersion composition and/or pigment-resin composite fine particles-containing dispersion composition. The present invention provides a carbodiimide type compound obtained by introducing a polysiloxane chain by reaction of a functional group of a polysiloxane chain-containing compound having the functional group reactive with a carbodiimide group with a carbodiimide group of a carbodiimide compound having a carbodiimide equivalent weight of 100 to 50000.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a flow rate of a two-phase fluid flowing within a conduit includes a chamber having at least one transparent wall in fluid communication with the conduit; a high-speed imaging system in visual communication with the at least one transparent wall; a thermocouple and a pressure transducer for obtaining a temperature value and a pressure value of the two-phase fluid flowing within the conduit; and a processor for determining the flow rate of the two-phase fluid by analyzing the images obtained by the high-speed imaging system, and from the temperature and pressure values for the two-phase fluid flowing within the conduit. A process is provided for determining the flow rate of a two-phase fluid flowing within the conduit.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a bimodal styrene vinyl polymer latex composition, which may be used to prepare toner for use in electrophotographic applications by the emulsion aggregation process. The process includes preparing a low molecular weight styrene polymer (LMWP) by solution polymerization, preparing a solution of the LMWP in a mixture of styrene and vinyl monomers, emulsifying the LMWP/monomer solution in water, and polymerizing the LMWP and mixture of styrene and vinyl monomers via emulsion polymerization to yield a bimodal molecular weight composition. The latex affords excellent fixing when used in chemically produced toners such as toners produced by emulsion aggregation.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid containing a fatty acid monoester, and toner particles comprised of a polyester resin. By using the liquid developer, it is possible to provide superior fixing characteristic of toner particles to a recording medium. An image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toner, including dissolving toner constituents including a binder resin or a binder resin precursor, a colorant and a release agent in an organic solvent to prepare a first liquid; emulsifying the first liquid in an aqueous medium to prepare a second liquid having a viscosity of from 50 to 800 mPa·sec; and at least flowing the second liquid almost vertically down along the wall surface of a pipe in which the air pressure is depressurized to 70 kPa or less twice while keeping a temperature of the second liquid not higher than a Tg of the parent particle through the wall surface thereof to volatilize the organic solvent, wherein a solid content of a slurry after volatilized is from 15 to 50%, and a ratio of the solid content to a solid content of a slurry before volatilized is from 1.05 to 2.00.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a liquid developer for electrophotography or electrostatic recording obtained by a coacervation method, which sufficiently maintains the charging property and has good dispersion stability of colored resin particles, as well as a liquid developer obtained by the method. A method for producing a liquid developer by a coacervation method, wherein a colored resin particle is dispersed in an insulating hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the presence of a particle dispersant and an acid group-containing resin, and the particle dispersant is a reaction product of a polyamine compound and a self-condensation product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a toner including preparing an emulsified dispersion which contains emulsion particles by emulsifying or dispersing an oil phase containing at least a pigment and any one of a binder resin and a binder resin precursor in an aqueous medium, and granulating toner base particles by converging the emulsified dispersion, wherein the Casson yield value of the single oil phase before being emulsified or dispersed in the aqueous medium is 0.5 Pa to 20 Pa; and the temperature Tn of the emulsified dispersion in the preparation of the emulsified dispersion, the temperature Ts of the emulsified dispersion in the granulation of the toner base particles, and the glass transition temperature Tg of the toner base particles satisfy the relation Tn<Ts<Tg.

Abstract: There is provided an emulsion coloring material which can be used on ordinary paper, has good color developability, and can be used for conventional erasable pens or printing inks of black or blue color, having sufficiently high densities. When use is made of an erasable emulsion coloring material capable of controlling color development and decolorization by the presence or absence of the interaction between a chromatic material and a color developer, the colored emulsion comprising a copolymer resin of at least one unit selected from styrene and styrene derivatives and at least one unit selected from an acrylic acid ester and a methacrylic acid ester having a substituent which comprises a carbon chain having 4 or more carbon atoms, coloring ability can be enhanced.

Abstract: A resin particle liquid dispersion for an electrostatic image developing toner, comprising: an aqueous medium; and a resin particle dispersed in the aqueous medium to have a median diameter of 0.05 to 2.0 ?m, the resin particle comprising a polycondensable polymer obtained by polycondensing polycondensable monomers, wherein a storage modulus GL(30) of the resin particle at 30° C. is 1×107 Pa or more, and a melting point of the polycondensable polymer is from 45 to 110° C.

Abstract: A toner prepared by a method including dissolving or dispersing at least at least one member selected from the group consisting of binder resins and precursors thereof, a colorant, a release agent, and a layered inorganic mineral in which ions between its layers are at least partially modified with an organic ion in an organic solvent to prepare a solution or a dispersion which is an oil phase; and dispersing the oil phase in an aqueous medium to prepare an emulsified dispersion in which parent toner particles are granulated, wherein the aqueous medium includes a tertiary amine compound.

Abstract: Emulsion aggregation toners comprising a polyester-wax resin, wherein the polyester-wax resin includes a wax that is chemically incorporated into the main chain of the polyester resin.

Abstract: A developer comprised of a toner and at least one external surface additive, wherein an acid-base interaction has an Interaction Surface Parameter (ISP) of greater than 0, and wherein ISP is defined by the following equation: [(Ka)toner×(Kb)additive]+[(Kb)toner×(Ka)additive]?[(Ka)toner×(Ka)additive]?[(Kb)toner×(Kb)additive], wherein Ka is the Lewis acid value and Kb is the Lewis base value.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid; toner particles constituted by a resin material as a main component; and a dispersing agent expressed by Formula (I): wherein R denotes an alkyl group having a carbon number of 14 to 18; and X+Y+Z is an additional mole number of ethylene oxide, satisfying 2?X+Y+Z?15, while Y and Z?0.

Abstract: A toner for use in a single component development system, said toner including emulsion aggregation toner particles with a styrene acrylate polymer binder resin having a molecular weight Mw of from about 50 to about 100 Kpse and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of from about 10 to about 30 Kpse, a wax selected from the group consisting of polypropylene and polyethylene, and at least one colorant, wherein the toner particles have an onset glass transition temperature of from about 50° C. to about 60° C., and a circularity of from about 0.950 to about 0.990.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, a colorant, and a release agent is provided. The difference in absorbance ratio between the toner heated for 1 minute in an atmosphere of 100° C. and the toner stored in an atmosphere of 23° C. is from 0.1 to 0.2. The absorbance ratio is a ratio of an absorbance specific to the release agent (such as at 2850 cm?1 for a wax) to an absorbance specific to the binder resin (such as at 828 cm?1 for a polyester based binder resin), as measured by a Fourier transform infrared-total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) method.

Abstract: A liquid developer which includes toner particles having small particle size distribution, uniform shape, and excellent fixing properties to a recording medium is provided, a liquid developer which includes toner particles having small particle size distribution and uniform shape and being capable of exhibiting a property of each of materials constituting the toner particles sufficiently is also provided, and a liquid developer having excellent anti-offset properties (mold release properties) is also provided, and further a method of producing a liquid developer capable of producing such a liquid developer efficiently is also provided. In particular, a producing method capable of producing such a liquid developer as described above in a method harmless to the environment is provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing toner including adding an oil phase comprising an organic solvent in which a binder resin, a coloring agent and a releasing agent are dissolved or dispersed and an aqueous phase to an emulsification device equipped with a stirrer, continuously dispersing or emulsifying the oil phase and the aqueous phase in the emulsification device equipped with a stirrer to form a liquid dispersion or emulsion comprising oil phase particles, transporting the liquid dispersion or emulsion to a tank, removing the organic solvent from the liquid dispersion or emulsion followed by drying to form mother toner particles, wherein the releasing agent has been preliminarily prepared to have a dispersion diameter of from 0.15 to 0.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of resin fine particles, including: a mixing step of mixing an aqueous medium, a resin having an acid group, a basic substance, and a surfactant to obtain a mixture; an emulsification step of applying a shearing force to the mixture while heating at temperature 10.0° C. or more higher than a softening temperature (Tm) of the resin having the acid group to obtain an emulsified product; and a cooling step of obtaining an aqueous dispersion of resin fine particles by cooling the emulsified product, in which, in the cooling step, cooling is carried out at a cooling rate of 0.5° C./min or more to 10.0° C./min or less to a glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin having the acid group or lower while a shearing force is applied.

Abstract: Stabilizer compositions are provided having carboxylic acid groups. By esterifying some of the available carboxylic acid groups, the carboxylic acid number of the stabilizer may be adjusted. Such stabilizers may be utilized, in embodiments, for forming toner compositions.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes: toner particles containing mainly a resin material, and a nonvolatile insulating liquid, the toner particles containing a liquid having a formulation that is different from the insulating liquid, and the liquid contained in the toner particles having an aniline point that is lower than that of the insulating liquid.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes toner particles containing mainly a resin material, and a nonvolatile insulating liquid, the toner particles containing therein a liquid constituting the insulating liquid.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for reducing the particle size of latex resins and toners produced with such resins. In embodiments, a carboxylic acid may be added to materials utilized to produce a latex and reduce the particle size of the resulting latex particles and toner particles. In accordance with the present disclosure, one may be able to utilize materials for the production of latex resins and toners which may otherwise produce particles that are too large in the absence of the carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Image recording device comprising a development system including toner particles comprising a gel latex, a high Tg latex, a wax, and a colorant, and a fuser member, such as a fluoropolymer coated fuser member, which produces images having improved document offset, vinyl offset and half-tone rub properties.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid containing a fatty acid monoester, and toner particles comprised of a polyester resin. By using the liquid developer, it is possible to provide superior fixing characteristic of toner particles to a recording medium. An image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Abstract: A polyester resin emulsion includes crosslinked polyester resin in an emulsion medium, the crosslinked polyester resin having a degree of crosslinking of from about 0.1 percent to about 100 percent. The emulsion can be formed by solvent flashing a mixture of a polyester resin, an initiator, a solvent, and an emulsion medium, wherein the crosslinked polyester resin has a degree of crosslinking of from about 0.1 percent to about 100 percent.

Abstract: A toner includes binder of amorphous polymer material, such as an amorphous polyester material, and a crystalline polymer material, such as a crystalline polyester material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material. Further, the toner may have a minimum fusing temperature of from about 75° C. to about 150° C. and a relative humidity sensitivity of from about 0.5 to about 10. A method of making toner particles is also indicated.

Abstract: A liquid toner or developer for electrostatic images comprises a carrier liquid, insoluble marking particles and a dispersing agent. The dispersing agent is non-compatible with or insoluble in the carrier liquid. The liquid toner or developer does not need the use of a corona generating wire, roller or the like, to adjust or change the orientation of individual toner particles within the toner deposit prior to the development of the latent electrostatic image. For instance the liquid toner or developer is a three phase colloid system comprising a carrier liquid phase, a marking particle phase and a dispersing agent. The marking particles are insoluble in the carrier liquid and the dispersing agent phase. The dispersing agent comprising droplets which are non-compatible with or insoluble in the carrier liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin emulsion being produced by neutralizing a resin binder containing acid group with a basic compound in an aqueous medium wherein the resin binder containing acid group contains a polyester produced from a raw monomer composition containing a trivalent or higher-valent polyhydric alcohol in an amount of 1 to 15 mol %; a process for producing the resin emulsion; and a toner for electrophotography using the resin emulsion. In the resin emulsion of the present invention, a resin is readily emulsified therein even when using a crosslinked polyester as the resin, and the resin emulsion is substantially free from hydrolysis of the resin and can produce a toner having an excellent heat-resistant storage property.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a releasing agent dispersion for toner including a releasing agent, and a dibasic acid containing an alkyl group and/or an alkenyl group or a salt of the dibasic acid, wherein at least one acid group of the dibasic acid is a carboxyl group; and a toner for electrophotography which is produced by aggregating and unifying releasing agent particles and resin particles contained in a dispersion produced by mixing or contacting the releasing agent dispersion with a resin dispersion. The releasing agent dispersion for toner according to the present invention has a good emulsifiability and a good emulsification stability, and is capable of producing a toner which is excellent in productivity and low-temperature fixing property.

Abstract: 1. A liquid developer is disclosed. The liquid developer includes an insulating liquid; and toner particles composed mainly of a resin material that are dispersed in the insulating liquid, wherein the insulating liquid contains a fatty acid monoester, and the resin material has a glass transition temperature Tg of 15 to 70° C. and a softening temperature Tf of 80 to 140° C.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a mixture of a methyl-rich silicone resin (S-1) and an acrylic resin (A-1) obtained by polymerizing at least one radical polymerizable vinyl monomer (M-1), or a reaction product obtained by reacting the silicone resin (S-1) with the radical polymerizable vinyl monomer (M-1) is suitable for coating carrier particles to form an electrophotographic carrier.

Abstract: The invention is directed to purification of phenolic resins and to a process for preparing an organic photoresist coating composition. The process comprises reacting one or more phenols to form a crude phenolic resin. The crude phenolic resin formed is then separated from its reaction mixture and dissolved in an aqueous insoluble organic solvent in an organic solvent that is a solvent for the photoresist coating composition. The solution so formed is then mixed with an aqueous phase to extract water soluble impurities from the resin solution into the aqueous phase. Finally, the purified resin solution is further diluted with additional photoresist solvent.

Abstract: A composition and a method of forming a liquid developer or a constituent of a liquid developer for electrostatography comprising the steps of dispersing at least one monomer in silicone fluid and polymerizing the at least one monomer to form polymer particles in the silicone fluid. A homopolymer or a copolymer may be formed and a colorant, such as a pigment or dye, and a charge control agent may be added before or after the polymerization.

Abstract: A method of production of microparticles of a thermoplastic polymer suitable as a toner for electrostatographic processes comprising the steps of melting the material in a continuous non-solvent phase having a boiling point higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer, mixing the thermoplastic polymer in the continuous phase to produce an emulsion, and cooling the emulsion to produce a dispersion of solid microparticles of the thermoplastic polymer in the continuous phase. The thermoplastic polymer may include pigments or dyes to provide colored toner particles. A surface active agent may be used to control particle size.

Abstract: Electrostatic toners comprising polymeric dyes comprising of (1) discrete segments that are dispersible in highly fluorinated solvents and (2) discrete color-imparting segments. These toners can be prepared by a means of a polymerization process, wherein macromers containing highly fluorinated dispersible segments are grafted onto a polymer having chromophores attached thereto.

Abstract: Novel 1,4-bis aryl-azo derivatives of 2,3-naphthalenediol in which the aryl groups are substituted with alkoxy and with sulfonamide or fluorosulfonyl groups. These compounds are useful as neutral density pigments in electrophotographic developers and have good light stability.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid developer for electrostatic photography is disclosed. In the process, a dispersion of fine polymer particles in a non-polar solvent is mixed with a dye that is insoluble in said non-polar solvent and which is soluble in the monomer which is at least one component of the polymer. The polymer particles are then colored by removing from the dispersion a second solvent which dissolves the dye, is miscible with the non-polar solvent and which is capable of swelling at least part of the polymer in such a manner that said second solvent is present in said dye-containing polymer dispersion while the removal is continued.